Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information Gas | ‘Other names ) Centre Number Candidate Number GREG) Gee Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE Monday 18 October 2021 - Afternoon El 9MA0/32 Mathematics Advanced PAPER 32: Mechanics ‘You must have: ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator Total Marks Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations. Calculators must not have the facility for symbolic algebra manipulation, differentiation and integration, or have retrievable mathematical formulae stored in them. Instructions Use black ink or ball-point pen. if pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or 8). in the boxes at the top of this page with your name, centre number and candidate number. © Answer all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions are clearly labelled, © Answer the questions in the spaces provided = there may be more space than you need. © You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear. Answers without working may not gain full credit © Unless otherwise indicated, whenever a value of g is required, take g = 9.8 m s? and give your answer to either 2 significant figures or 3 significant figures. Information © A booklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided. The total mark for this part of the examination is 50. There are 5 questions. © The marks for each question are shown in brackets = use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question. Advice © Read each question carefully before you start to answer it Try to answer every question. @ Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over > jennenad Pee 8 24 AO 1 20 Pearson1. A particle P moves with constant acceleration (21 ~ 3] ms* At time 1 = 0, P is moving with velocity dims” (a) Find the velocity of P at time r= 2 seconds. @ At time ¢= 0, the position vector of P relative to a fixed origin O is (i + j)m. (b) Find the position vector of P relative to O at time ¢= 3 seconds. Q) There is constant acceleration, therefore we can use SUVAT equations 4 ~ a) 8 i - 3) we af<]s w wonfuda Nab We need to find velocity v at t = 2: veutat = 4i + (2i- Bi) x2 = 4 + 4i- 6 4) es P68 824 A403 20 eeeAm) Bim) Figure 1 A small stone @ GP mass 3m is attached to one end of a string. A small stone B Of MASS is attached to the other end of the string. Initially 4 is held/at festion a fixed’fough plane) The plane is inclined to the horizontal at an angle a, whew tne = 3 The string passes over a pulley P that is fixed at the top of the plane. The part of the string from A to P is parallel to a line of greatest slope of the plane. Stone Bangs fféely below P, as shown in Figure 1. The Coefficient Of friction between A and the plane is 2 Stone A is released from rest and begins to fiGve GOW! Hh plane!) The stones are modelled as particles) The pulley is modelled as being’ Small and smooth. The string is modelled as bein TTS Using the mode! for the motion of the system before B reaches the pulley, (a) write down an equation of motion for A 1 (b) show that the acceleration of d is 75 (©) sketch a velocity-time graph for the motion of B, from the instant when A is rel from rest to the instant just before B reaches the pulley, explaining your answer. In reality, the string is not light. (d) State how this would affect the working in part (b) a) P68 824A 04 20 WAU SIHI NI LUM LON 00 Va¥V SIHLNIJLIBM 10N OG WAU SIHL NI ALUM 1ON OGDO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA Question 2 continued Firstly, we need to highlight and note all important points in the question: 3 massa = 3m * Wa = 3mg tan a=% masse = m + We = mg 5 ae 3 sina == rough plane => friction = UR, where M ms Zz 7 ish scosa== Pp a Wa a) Since we know the net force acting on A as well as its mass, we can use Newton's Second Law: F = ma Parallel component of weight - Friction - Tension = ma Wa x sin a - Fr - T= 3ma 3 3mg x3 -UR- T= 3ma 5 me INDO 0 000 0 > P68 824 A405 20 naresQuestion 2 continued 4) Resolving B vertically using Newton's Second Law: acceleration of B is the same as acceleration of A, T- We = ma T= mat We Resolving A perpendicular to plane: Since A is in equilibrium perpendicularly, upwards force = downwards force R= Wacos a = Gas) Substituting values in equation of motion for A from part (a): 3mg x2 - UR - T=3ma 9 “HF - Ex 38mg x2 - (ma + mg) = 3ma 9mq— 2m aot

4a T «759 6 INDO 0 000 0 maa WAU SIHI NI ALM LON 00 Va¥V SIHLNI LBM LON OG Wau SIHL NI ALUM 10N OGDO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITEIN THIS AREA Question 2 continued «) For B, the acceleration is the same as the acceleration for A 7 acceleration = 75 9 u=0 t + velocity is 7G 9, where t is the time taken by B to reach the pulley t time d) The tension will not be equal across all parts of the string, and thus different values of T would be needed when resolving A and B (Total for Question 2 is 12 marks) 7 a) IMD U0 0 Tum over2a, AL\ Figure 2 ‘A beam AB has mass mand length 2a, The beam rests in equilibrium with 4 on rough horizontal ground and with B against a smooth vertical wall. The beam is inclined to the horizontal at an angle 0, as shown in Figure 2. ‘The coefficient OF friction between the beam and the ground is jé The beam is modelled as a Uniform fod resting in a vertical plane that is perpendicular to the wall. Using the model, 1 (a) show that > = cot 2 © A where & is a constant, is now applied to the beam at A. This force acts in a direction that is perpendicular to the wall and towards the wall. Given that tn $n and the beam is now in RGA (b) use the model to find the value of k. 6) 8 0 8 = Wau SIHE NI LYM LON 00 WAU SIHLNI ALIBM LON OG Wau SIHL NI SLUM 10N OGQuestion 3 continued S | a) Firstly we need to highlight and note all important points in the question & oe mass = m fe z length = 2a = rough surface => friction > PR 5 z 8 uniform rod => weight acts downwards at centre of rod Re sin Og < & = a oe = Be = = 5 z 2 8 a Fr sin@ @ (ii) < & = = z # Looking at (i): s We know that the rod is at rest, and therefore is in static § equilibrum 3 This means that forces acting upwards is equal to forces acting downwards 9 maa {NN 0 0 0 A P68824A09 2 0 Tun erQuestion 3 continued Resolving vertically in equilibrum, Ra= mg Looking at (ii): The rod lies in equilibrum and there for the clockwise moments must be the same as anti-clockwise moments Resolving moments around B, (Ra cose )(2a) + (Resind)(O) = (Fr sine )(2a) + (mg cos® )(a) but, Ra = mg (mg 058 )(2f) + O = (Fr sin® (24) + (mg cos0 JG) 21mg cos® = 2 Fr sin® + mg cos® mg cos@= 2 Fr sin® mg cos® Fr = 2 sin® 7 Fr = 319 cote [-: cos/sin = cot] We know that Friction < URa 7 Bing cob® < HRs u < BImg cov® < Hing [:Ra= mg] cL eote < 1 2 < we cove QED 10 {NINO 0 OM A mma WAU SIHE NI LIM LON 00 Wa¥V SIHLNI aLIBM LON OG Wau SIHL NI ALUM 10N OGDO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA Question 3 continued 1 4) Given, w= 4 tan@=% => cot = Re sin Ww Fr sin® a Ra cos0 ‘A mg cos® Ag sin8 The rod is in limiting equilibrium . Friction = HR, = img Resolving forces around B: (Fr sin® )(2h) + (Ra cos® )(2¢) = (mg cos® )(a) + (kmg sin® )(2A) 2 Fr sin® + 2mg cos® = mg cos® + 2kmg sin® mg cos@ = 2kmg sin@- 2 Fr sin® mg cos® = (2 sin®)(kmg - Fr) mg cos® 2 sin® kmg - Fr = 1 Ag = 3mg cot® + Fr aw 7 king = Sg cotO + Sag " a) NI 0 00 0 0 Turn overQuestion 3 continued < 3 k= Scot +5 = zt re 7 z = aay s 5 2%573 ee 2—}. g Hig is 5 2 ] oe a a # = a x e 2 w ie = 2 ic 8 2 o a a = = 2 = z= = uw E = 3 é ° 2 3 8 (Total for Question 3 is 10 marks) Pee 82 4 IMA > yO Turn over70m Figure 3 A small stone is projected with speed 65ms"! trom a point O at the top of a vertical cliff Point O is 70m vertically above the point N. Point Vis on horizontal ground. The stone is projected at an angle « above the horizontal, where tana The stone hits the ground at the point A, as shown in Figure 3. The stone is modelled as a particle moving freely under gravity. The acceleration due to gravity is modelled as having magnitude 10ms?_ Using the model, (a) find the time taken for the stone to travel from O to 4, @) (b) find the speed of the stone at the instant just before it hits the ground at 4. 6) One limitation of the model is that it ignores air resistance. (c) State one other limitation of the model that could affect the reliability of your answers, @ Given, vertical velocity = 6Ssin a initial speed u = 65 ms? = horizontal velocity = 65cos a vertical displacement = ON = 70m horizontal displacement = AN vertical acceleration = 10 ms? horizontal acceleration = O L This is because we ignore air resistance and thus the particle moves at a constant speed horizontally] P68 8 24 A 0 12 ION WAU SIHI NI ALM LON 00 aU SIHLNI JLIBM LON OG ‘VaUV SIHL NI ALI LON OGDO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA Question 4 continued 5 Se 73 tan a= 75 ie Ss s sina=7 72 12 . cos a= a) To find the time of travel, we must see how long it takes for the particle to 70m vertically ++ Resolving vertically using SUVAT: 7 Vertical displacement = ut + 5 at? 7 70 = 65sina x & + 5 (10) s 70 = 65x7qxb+ 5? 70 = 25t + St? 14 = St + e+ 5¢-14=0 t=2 of t=-7 but time cannot be negative, & = 2 seconds B aa) {NN 0 A Tum overQuestion 4 continued 4) from part a, we found that the time taken to travel was 2 seconds To find the speed after 2 seconds, we must resolve the velocities separately, horizontally and vertically Resolving horizontally using SUVAT: horizontal v = u + at horizontal v = 65cosa+ Ox 2 12 = 65x75 = 60 ms? Resolving vertically using SUVAT: vertical v = u + at vertical v = 65sin a + 10 x2 Ss = 65 x73 +20 = 25 +20 = 45 ms? 2 velocity before hitting ground = [ on 7] mst 45 Thus, to find the speed, we must find the magnitude of this vector speed = \(60") + (45% 2) = 75 ms? 4 Pee 824 A 07 a0 WAU SIH NI 4LIM 10N 0G VauV SIHJ Ni 41M LON OG WaUV SIHL NI ALUM 10N OGDO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA Question 4 continued ¢) Another limitation is that it ignores the size of the stone, i-e: it is modelled as a particle, assuming gravity acts uniformly on it, which may not be the case in reality (Total for Question 4 is 10 marks) 15 me {NINO ON 0 > P68 824 A 0 20 eeeAt time ¢ seconds, a particle P has velocity vs“, where v=3i-2j 10 (a) Find the acceleration of P at time ¢ seconds, where t > 0 Q) (b) Find the value of ¢ at the instant when P is moving in the direction of i — j GB) At time ¢ seconds, where ¢ > 0, the position vector of P, relative to a fixed origin O, is r metres. When t= 1, (c) Find an expression for r in terms of ¢. GB) (d) Find the exact distance of P from O at the instant when P is moving with speed 10ms" (6) differentiate, differentiate. ——— 7 Acceleration Displacement -— Velocity ——— integrate integrate 4) acceleration . 4) direction of (i - j) = tan(z when P is moving in direction of (i - j), its direction is equal to direction of (i - j) direction of P = direction of (i - j) -2t tann"(3qzs) = tan"'z) 16 Pes 8 2 4 AO 16 20 Wau SIH NI ALM LON 00 Va¥V SIHLNI ALUM LON OG Wau SIHL NI ALUM 10N OGDO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA Question 5 continued -2¢ (3) a7 -2¢ = -305 squaring both sides: 4&2 = 9t 42- 96=0 e(4¢-9)=0 ©) displacement r = fv + de = [3091-26 )+ de 3eo__24 =osHi- 2ite r=2eSi-#jte given, at t= 1, r= -j = 20N%i- (Pte Wjr2i-jte e=-2i op 205) - Bj - 2i me {INO A 7 Turnover >Question 5 continued d) the speed of a body is the magnitude of its velocity given, speed = 10 ms! magnitude of velocity = 10ms* IW = 10 ms? Jaws + (-2t)? = 10 squaring both sides: (3005)? + (-2t)? = 10? 9b + 442 = 100 42+ 9t - 100 = 0 b=4 or t= -6-25 but €>0, * t = 4 seconds at t = 4, the particle is moving at speed 1Oms? substituting ¢ = 4 in equation for rz r= BAYS 2] i> AP) = (2x8 - 2)i- 16) = 14i ~ 16) distance = magnitude of r = ke Lb? + (16 =796 + 256 =W4s2 18 {NINO OM A 0 mma WAU SIHE NI LIM LON 00 Wa¥V SIHLNI aLIBM LON OG Wau SIHL NI ALUM 10N OGDO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA Question 5 continued Pee 82 4 A019 20 19 Turnover >Question 5 continued (Total for Question 5 is 14 marks) TOTAL FOR MECHANICS IS 50 MARKS 20 P68 824 A0202 0 aa Wau SIHE NI ALUM 1ON 00 Wa¥V SIHLNI JLIBM LON OG WAuV SIHL NI ALUM ON OG