UNSW Global THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES TRALIA ICAS International Competitions Eire ect aol steel ENGLISH PCM OT WU EN EES ae Pe eae eas eee pee ‘STUDENT'S NAME: Pee ee Re Tete etd eres aera eg ete : Boar Sonera eae na ee ae eaten tort le of Osa fer ear eee fed next to each other ce a ee ee aRead Henderson’s Boys by Robert Muchamore and answer questions 1 to 6. . Henderson's Boys by Robert Muchamore Henderson’s Boys: The Escape ‘Two parallel stories merge in a perfectly set-up storyline for the first book a of a new series by the author of Cherub. It is June 1940, and the Germans are set to invade Paris. Marc, an orphan, is mistreated by the orphanage director, so he steals a bike, money and clothes, and heads for Paris Meanwhile, Mr Clarke with his children, Rosie and Paul, are trying to escape Paris. His work as a salesman for a wireless company hides many secrets. He has blueprints that need to be taken safely to Charles Henderson who works for naval intelligence. But Clarke is killed by shrapnel and his children are left to deliver the precious blueprints Marc, weary from travel, breaks into an abandoned home. Letters on the mat are addressed to Henderson. He is caught and tortured by the SS for information on the house's owner, just before Henderson returns. Full of action, intrigue and murder, with smart children as the protagonists, this will leave readers gasping for more. Hodder, $17.99, Age guide: 12+ Reviewed by Anastasia Gonis $M 4 ty ve vy 1 The ‘two parallel stories’ in Henderson's Boys: The Escape refer to the stories of, (A) Rosie and Paul. (B) Henderson and Marc. (C) Marc and the Clarkes. (0) Henderson and Mr Clarke. 2. What are the documents that Mr Clarke wanted to give to Charles Henderson most likely to be? (A) detailed plans of military operations (B) advertisements about a wireless company (C) __ information about the orphanage where Marc had lived (D) _ letters conceming the invasion of Paris 3. Whats the meaning of the word ‘intelligence’, as itis used in the text? (A) creativity (8) espionage (C) innovation (0) camouflage EMRE 2Henderson’s Boys: Eagle Day It's 1940 and Hitler has conquered France. Charles Henderson, a British spy, and three young refugees he has taken under his wing are trapped between the German army and the English Channel. They discover that Hitler and his army are planning to invade Britain. Do they flee to safety or undertake the dangerous mission of sabotaging the Germans’ plans? Should Henderson risk the lives of the young people in his care? Are the children able to outwit the enemy and escape to England? Thankfully, Muchamore doesn’t resort to stereotypes. There are aspects of WH VY Henderson's character that are very disturbing, and not all of the German soldiers are evil, brutish men. The reader is taken on an adventure that has it all: espionage, spies, narrow escapes, Nazis, romance and courage in the face of great danger. It would make an exciting film. Wesson ry Hachette Childrens, $17.99, Age guide: 12+ Reviewed by Wendy Noble Yi ie wysy In the review of Henderson's Boys: Eagle Day, the reviewer uses rhetorical questions to (A) engage readers in solving the problems. (8) _justify the decisions made by Henderson. (C) arouse interest in the storyline. (0) challenge readers to consider different viewpoints. 5. Both books would best be classified as (A) murder mystery. (8) action adventure. (C) tragic drama, (0) military biography. 6. The book reviews are written by different people, yet they follow the same basic structure. What is the correct order of this structure? (A) | Describe the main ‘Outline the conflicts between | Assess the suitability of the books characters and plots the main characters as films (B) | Outline the position of the | Describe the major crisis | Assess the strengths and books in the series. points in the books weaknesses of the main characters (C) | Describe the settings and | Outline the major tuning _| Assess the accuracy of the stories complications in the plots | points in the piots (D) | Outline the settings and | Describe the complications | Assess the appeal of the books characters in the plotsRead Precious the detective and answer questions 7 to 13. Precious ¢ the detective Precious settled quickly into a new routine, She was given a job in the office of the bus company, where she added invoices and checked the figures in the drivers’ records. She was quick at this, and the cousin’s husband noticed that she was doing as much work as the two older clerks put together. They sat at their tables and gossiped away the day, occasionally moving invoices about the desk, occasionally getting up to put on the kettle. Itwas easy for Precious, with her memory, to remember how to do new things and to apply the knowledge faultlessly. She was also willing to make suggestions, and scarcely a week went past in which she failed to make some suggestion as to how the office could be more efficient. “You're working too hard,” one of the clerks said to her. ‘You're trying to take our jobs.” Precious looked at them blankly. She had always worked as hard as she could, at everything she did, and she simply did not understand how anybody could do otherwise. How could they sit there, as they did, and stare into the space in front of their desks when they could be adding up figures or checking the drivers’ returns She did her own checking, often unasked, and although everything usually added up, now and then she found a smalll discrepancy. These came from the giving of incorrect change, the cousin explained. It was easy enough to do on a crowded bus, and as long as it was not too significant, they just ignored it. But Precious found more than this. She found a discrepancy of slightly over two thousand pula in the fuel bills invoices and she drew this to the attention of her cousin’s husband. “Are you sure?” he asked. ‘How could two thousand pula go missing?” ‘Stolen?’ said Precious. The cousin’s husband shook his head. He regarded himself as a model employer—a patemalist, yes, but that is what the men wanted, was it not? He could not believe that any of his employees ‘would cheat him, How could they, when he was so good to them and did so much for them? Precious showed him how the money had been taken, and they jointly pieced together how it had been moved out of the right account into another one, and had then eventually vanished altogether. Only one of the clerks had access to these funds, so it must have been him; there could be no other explanation. She did not see the confrontation, but heard it from the other room. The clerk was indignant, shouting his denial at the top of his voice. Then there was silence for a moment, and the slamming of a door. This was her first case. This was the beginning of the career of Mma Ramotswe.7. Why did Precious look at the clerks ‘blankly’ after they had spoken to her? (A) She had not heard what they were saying (8) She was pretending not to know what they meant. (C) She was trying not to show any emotion: . (D) She was not guilty of the accusations they had made, 8. What was the clerks’ attitude towards Precious? (A) They disliked the fact that she preferred to work on her own. (8) __ They were annoyed because she oreated extra work for them. (C) They resented her because she drew attention to their shortcomings. (D) They were jealous of her ability to make the job look easy. 9. In the sentence ‘But Precious found more than this’, what does ‘this’ refer to? (A) the clerical errors in the bus drivers’ wages (8) the errors in the amount of change given for bus fares (C) the two thousand pula that was unaccounted for (D) the discrepancy in the fuel bills accounts 10. How did the cousin's husband respond initially to the idea that one of his employees was stealing money? (A) He refused to believe it and avoided the possibilty of an investigation (8) He ignored it because he preferred to think his employees were honest. (C) He was reluctant to accept it because he felt he treated his workers well (0) He demanded all the accounts so that he could identify who was responsible. 11. Which word does NOT describe the way in which one of the clerks had stolen money? (A) deception (8) embezzlement (C) swindle (0) counterfeit 12, Whatis likely to have caused the clerk to fall silent during the confrontation with the ‘cousin's husband? (A) He was shown the bank accounts as evidence of his crime. (8) He was given an opportunity to deny the accusations. (C) He was told to apologise for being rude to Precious. (0) He was writing his letter of resignation. 13. Which word best describes Precious's attitude towards work? (A) ardent (8) diligent (C) tentative (0) indifferent 5 20141088 Engen Pagar FO EAAa : STRONG ENOUGH Vi RUING | This can't be happening, Maggie thought as she felt the torn metal skin of the science module, her mind spinning. In the dumsy spacesuit gloves, everything felt blunt and indistinct. Her hands were already numb with cold. She cursed David for his sloppiness. How could he have gone to sleep without first purging the reactors? Stupid! So stupid! The blowout had woken her—the sudden loss of pressure, the screaming alarm as the air howled out of the jagged tear like an out-of-control freight train hurtling down the tracks. David was nowhere to be seen. All alone ... all alone. 1 told you, David! I told you! she thought as she forced her head into the emergency hood, gulping oxygenated air from the tank like a person on the edge of drowning. She struggled into the baggy evacuation suit and frantically zipped it up Shivering with the intense cold, she checked the pressure gauge on her air tank. She noticed that the access tube to the escape module had been crimped by the explosion that had blown the escape module loose. That module—her only lifeline—was now tethered (o the science module by a ragged strip of torn aluminium sheeting a dozen metres long. You said we didn’t need to practise evacs, she thought angrily. You said there would be no ‘problems! Is this what you meani, David? That you'd create the problem and just leave me all alone to solve it? My problem, not yours? Thanks a lot! She looked across to the tiny escape module. Earth hung behind it like a huge blue marble. The module looked intact. Intact and light years away. She cradled the globe of her face mask in her bulky gloves and sobbed. I’ve never been strong enough to do this, she thought again and again as she cried. I've never been strong enough, never been, never ever. She checked the air gauge again. She'd been breathing like a marathon runner, and the needle quivered on the edge of the red. Alright universe, she thought, her mind clearing from the panic and her breath slowing as she bit her lip. Maybe I’m not strong enough, but maybe ‘not strong enough’ isn'ta choice I have anymore With that thought, she pushed herself through the jagged hole and into the unforgiving vacuum of space. Carefully, she began to haul herself in zero gravity along the ribbon of metal towards the escape module16. 16 18, 19. Which word is a SYNONYM for ‘purging’? (A) cleansing (8) checking (©) activating (0) accessing 1 told you, David! | told you!’ What did Maggie tell David? (A) toensure that she was woken if an emergency occurred (8) _ to secure the escape module before going to sleep (C) _ tomake sure the crew practised evacuation procedures (0) _ totest the pressure gauges on the evacuation suits How did Maggie feel when she saw what had happened to the escape module? (A) puzzled about how she would escape (B) doubtful about the space mission (C) discouraged about the damage she had to repair (0) outraged that her safety had been compromised What does the phrase light years away’ in the fifth paragraph highlight? (A) Maggie's state of mind (B) __ the condition of the module (C) Maggie's scientific knowledge (D) the distance to the module Maggie experiences a range of emotions before she accepts her situation and resolves to act. Which option correctly describes the sequence of Maggie’s emotions? (A) despair to anger to disbelief (B) disbelief to despair to anger (C) disbelief to anger to despair (0) _ anger to disbelief to despair Which of the following is NOT a theme of the text? (A) human vulnerability in an alien environment (B) _ individual courage in the face of adversity (©) the importance of being responsible (D) the thrill of exploring outer spaceRead Helen Garner on writing and answer questions 20 to 26. S€elen Garner on writing Helen Garner is an award-winning Australian novelist and short-story writer, ‘At the time | was writing The Children’s Bach, my sentences were short and stumpy, but lately I've been trying to lengthen them, to make them more .. capacious and sinuous. Flexible. | spend many wonderful hours shifting clauses around and taking out adjectives and putting more in. Somebody once said to me that adjectives were the small change of language. At the time, | thought, Oooh! Well, | won't use any then. But now | use thousands of them. I love them. Whenever | read Christina Stead, | get an electric thrill from the way she breaks all the rules. She can string seven adjectives together in a row—in Letty Fox: Her Luck | practically pass out with envy and admiration. She holds the noun up to the light, and uses the adjectives to make it shine this way and that way, shifting and shifting, Of course you never get the sense, with Stead, that she’s even given a moment's thought to any of this. I's beneath her. Did she ever rewrite? | envy that naturalness—as if she sat down and out it poured. As | get older, my vocabulary seems to be shrinking, It's alarming. Where there used to be a word there's nowa blank. So when I'm reading, especially eighteenth- or nineteenth-century things, | always keep a bit of paper handy and write down any interesting or strong words that strike me. tack them up near my desk so that ifm writing wimpily, think: | wonder if I've got a word on this list that | could use to replace the flat, weak one I've written. It’s like a personal file. Words like taxing, Afflicted. Costly. Trfling, It’s ike having a collection of pebbles or marbles in my pocket. | can get them out every now and then and examine them. Often there's one I can use. It’s always a word that | already know—I don’t mean impossible or new or obscure ones—buta word that didn't spontaneously appear in my writing. |find it extremely useful to keep jolting myself like that.20. 2 2 23. 24, 25. 26. ‘Why did Helen Gamer decide at one point to stop using adjectives in her writing? (A) She believed the viewpoint that they were inferior word choices. (8) She accepted criticism that she had overused them in her writing. (©) She considered them inappropriate for her style of wrting (D) She thought thal the range of adjectives she knew was too small The expression ‘the small change’ means that something is. (A) incoherent. (8) _ inconvenient. (C) incongruent, (©) _ inconsequential, Helen Gamer's opening comments reveal that (A) _ she is able to withstand criticism of her wrting.. (B) _ she is prepared to experiment with her writing style. (C) she finds it difficult to edit her writing, (D) she has to adapt her writing style to suit the occasion. ‘The phrase ‘pass out’ is used as (A) a cliché that indicates resentment. (6) _an expression that conveys shock (C) _ anidiom that demonstrates bewilderment (0) a hyperbole that expresses depth of feeling Why does Helen Gamer compare her collection of wards to ‘pebbles or marbles in my pocket"? (A) She can keep these treasures hidden from other people. (8) They are small and easily disposable keepsakes, (C) They are personal examples that keep her writing realistic, (©) She can retrieve them whenever she needs inspiration, In the last paragraph, the dashes are used to enclose words that (A) contain.a waming. (8) _ indicate a shift in tone. (C) clarify a preceding idea. (D) _ identify a previous point. Helen Garner would agree that when choosing the right words to use, the best word (A) _ is one that takes time to select. {B) _has to be one that she has used before. {C) _ is one from the eighteenth or nineteenth century. {D) has to be one that readers are familiar with.| Read The mudskipper and answer questions 27 to 32. The mudskipyer With an air of regal propriety The mudskipper stands guard (On the exposed mudflats at low tide Surveying his transient empire of primeval oaze— A kingdom trapped between sea and land. Bulbous eyes swivel independently Wary of winged or clawed predators—or both. With deft warnings and occasional skirmishes ‘The mudskipper defends his territory against usurpers Ashe oars across the mud on rudimentary fin arms Strategically manoeuvring with practised grace ‘And grazing nonchalantly on rich detritus Neighbouring soldier crabs salute him With their single gigantic claws While a rabble army of shellfish. Scribble their concerns All around him. ‘A dagger-sharp shadow slices the mud Signalling the kingfisher’s swoop. Inan instant Scrambling crabs disappear Leaving bubbles, ripples, panic. ‘The mudskipper flicks his muscular tail skipping ... skimming ... sliding ... slapping An undignified retreat. The king of ooze Defers to the aerial king And lives to rule another day. Greg Reid28. 29. 30, 31 32, In the second stanza, the mudskipper is likened to (A) ahunter. (8) _atraveller. (C) — awarrior. (0) amessenger. What is the main purpose of the points of ellipsis ( ... ) in the third stanza? (A) to suggest the omission of some of the mudskipper’s movements (8) to highlight the increasing urgency of the mudskipper's movements (C) to indicate a deliberate pause beiween the mudskipper’s movements (0) toemphasise the skitfulness of the mudskipper’s movements Which quotation suggests that the mudskipper moves with poise? (A) ‘occasional skirmishes’ (line 8) (B) ‘As he oars across the mud’ line 10) (C) ‘manoeuvring with practised grace’ (line 11) (D) ‘flicks his muscular tail (ine 23) ‘Which word best replaces ‘Defers’ in line 277 (A) Yields (8) Delivers (C) — Panders (0) Responds Which statement best captures the mudskipper's actions at the end of the poem? (A) He whois brave is free (8) The better part of valour is discretion. (C) Courage is found in unlikely places. (0) Some have been thought brave because they were afraid to run away. What is a theme of the poem? (A) Respect for others is the key to building a community (8) Each individual has to be aware of their limitations, (C) You know who your true friends are when trouble starts, (D) You have to be wiling to exploit weaknesses to gain power.Read Shape-shifting supercontinents and answer questions 33 to 39. hape-Shifting supercontinents Many people perceive terra firma to be immovable, dependable and permanent. However reassuring this perception may be, itis false. The continents are in a state of flux driven by enormous convection forces within Earth’s mantle. Far from being static, the continents are actually mobile ‘rafts’ of rock, somewhat analogous to the ‘skin’ that forms on top of soup as it cools. Earth’s crust is actually a series of interlocking continental and oceanic plates with an average thickness of 100 kilometres, The plates ‘float’ on a flexible and ductile layer. Oceanic plates are denser, thinner and younger ‘than continental plates. Figure 1 shows the main interactions between crustal plates. The edges of some oceanic crustal plates are continually being destroyed as they subduct beneath other crustal plates. Where oceanic plates meet continental plates they form vast mountain chains, such as the Andes, Where oceanic plates meet other oceanic plates, volcanic archipelagos such as Indonesia occur, Where two continental plates collide, they crumple like vehicles to create mountain ranges such as the Himalayas and high plateaus such as the Tibetan Plateau. The movement of crustal plates most visibly manifests itself as volcanoes, earthquakes and tsunamis, which have wreaked havoc on humans throughout history. However dramatic, all this is merely the crustal plates flexing and stretching as they shape-shift the continents. Geologists have theorised that continents merge to form new supercontinents every few hundred million years in what they refer to as the supercontinent cycle. Eventually each ‘What does the writer do in the first two sentences to engage readers’ attention? (A) use an analogy to explain a difficult concept (B) refer to contlicting scientific theories (C) challenge a common misconception (0) match a perception with geological evidence According to the text, what causes the movement of crustal plates? (A) the convection forces within the mantle (B) the activities of volcanoes, earthquakes and tsunamis {C) the reiative position of the continents and oceans (0) the orbit of Earth around the Sun 35. The voleanic mountains represented in the first diagram of Figure 1 are most likely to be part of (A) an archipelago such as Indonesia (8) a mountain chain such as the Andes, {C) a mountain range such as the Himalayas. (D) —_anelevated plateau such as the Tibetan Plateau. 36. Which of these is NOT an accurate description of Earth's crustal plates? (A) Oceanic crustal plates are subducted under continental crustal plates because they have 2 lower density (B) The edges of some crustal plates are dynamic places where new crust may be created and old. crust destroyed. (C) The interactions between adjoining crustal plates can produce volcanoes and mountain ranges. (0) Continental crustal plates have a greater thickness and age than oceanic crustal plates.supercontinent disintegrates along major fault lines and large fragments drift away to form new continents and oceans. Sea floor spreading results from the movement of crustal plates. The continual oozing of new oceanic crust at mid-oceanic ridges acts like a conveyor belt pushing older crust further apart. The supercontinent cycle is a slow-motion dance of Earth’s crustal plates that started when the surface of the planet first solidified. Some of the earliest supercontinents were Colombia, Rodinia and Pannotia, The most recent supercontinent, centred on modern-day Africa, was Pangaea. It began to fragment approximately 200 million years ago at the start of the Jurassic Period, The next predicted supercontinent has been called ‘Amasia, based on the geological fusing of North and South America with Asia. According to a new model proposed by a team of geologists led by Ross Mitchell from Yale University, Amasia is predicted to form around the Arctic Ocean in approximately 100 millian years. Figure 1: Three scenarios where crustal plates meet Traditionally, geologists have _ predicted the location of supercontinents using two models: ‘introversion’ which predicts that new supercontinents form in the same place as the previous ones, and ‘extroversion’ which predicts that new supercontinents form on the opposite side of the planet. Both models have been challenged by Mitchell's team. Their research, published in Nature (February 2012), proved that the geological evidence in ancient rocks from multiple locations did not match the predictions made by the traditional models. As a result, they proposed an alternative model called ‘orthoversion’ which predicts an intermediate location between that predicted by the two traditional models. As Earth whirls on its annual waltz around the Sun, it is sobering to reflect that the continents are also engaged in their own slow-motion tango across its surface. And all the while, many people are oblivious to the shape-shifting nature of the lumps of rock on which we live. 37. According to the text, geologists have theorised that new supercontinents develop (A) when the formation of new crust has gained enough momentum, (8) © (0) _ as part of a reguler pattern of events. after a period of intense volcanic activity. during times of accelerated drifting of the continents. 38. What is the main purpose of the second last paragraph? (A) _tooutline the evidence for an altermative model that predicts the location of supercontinents {B) _ to describe the two traditional models that predict the location of supercontinents (C) to question the importance of continual research (0) __todispute the research findings of Mitchell's team 39, Which option matches the imagery from the text with its purpose? Imagery Purpose (A)_[soup to highlight the power of the forces moving the crustal plates (6)_|vehicle collision | to explain the structure of crustal plates (C)_| conveyor belt to detail the nature of the two types of crustal plates (0) [dance to describe the interactions of the crustal plates 13 2011048 Enh Poor BAARead Rat in your cellphone and answer questions 40 to 46. % Rat in your cellphone I've just walked into a windowless room on an industrial estate where three cellphone analysts in blue shirts sit at their terminals, scrutinising some ‘embarrassing romantic text messages on my SIM card that are invisible on my current handset and thus forgotten. ‘Ifi’s any consolation, we would have found them even if, you had deleted them; says one of the blue shirts. ‘Worse, it seems text messages aren't the only thing | have to worry about:‘ls this the address of your office” another asks (the answer is yes). ‘And did you enjoy your pizza on Monday night? And ‘why did you divert from your normal route to work to visit this address in Camberwell, London, on Saturday?” 'm at DiskLabs, a company that handles cellphone forensic analysis for UK police forces and for private investigations. I’m curious to know just how much personal information can be gleaned from our used handsets and SIM cards. So just how secure is the data we store on our phones? If we are starting to use them as combined diaries and wallets, what happens if we lose them or if they are stolen? ‘According to the UK government's Design and Technology Alliance Against Crime (DTAAC), 80 per cent of us carry information on our handsets that could be used to commit fraud—and about 16 per cent of us keep our bank details on our phones.| thought my phone would hold few surprises, though, since | had only been using it for a few weeks before | submitted it to DiskLabs. Yet. their analysts proved me wrong. [Aside from the text messages stored on my SIM card, the most detailed personal information that could be gleaned from my handset came from an application called Sports Tracker. It allows users to measure their athletic performance over time and | had been using it to measure how fast I could cycle to work across London. It records distance travelled, fastest speed at different points along the route and roughly how many calories | burn off. Sports Tracker also recorded what time normally leave the house in the morning and when I return from work. | had deliberately chosen to turn Sports Tracker on,and many people might not stop to consider how such programs could be used against them. A phone-based calendar could also leave you vulnerable. Police in the UK have already identified burglaries that were committed after the thief stole a phone and then targeted the individual's home because their calendar said they were away on holiday. A growing awareness of identity theft means that many people now destroy or wipe computer hard drives before throwing them away, but the same thing isn't yet happening with cellphones. So how can people go about making thelr phones more secure? ‘Turning on the security settings is an important first step, as this may dissuade potential thieves from going to the effort of trying to crack the codes. Then you make sure you delete anything you ‘want to keep secret, while bearing in mind that it is often possible to recover it. 203 08S Engle Panar FE EAA 14The ‘Rat’ in the title of the text refers to (A) an unwanted cellphone application. (8) criminals who hack into people's cellphones. (©) __ the forensic expert examining the writer's cellphone, (D) the information in a celiphone that can be used against the owner, The writer allowed her own SIM card to be analysed. During the process she is embarrassed about (A) her technological ineptitude. (8) her lack of journalistic preparation. (C) the disclosure of her personal information. (D) the reaction of the analysts to her personal information. Which word is closest in meaning to ‘gleaned’? (A) stolen (8) assumed = (C)_—interpreted = (D) Which of the following is NOT a purpose for using statistics in the text? (A) to quantify the magnitude of the problem (8) _ to provide validity to the wnter's statements (C) to inform the public of the work that DTAAC does. (0) to raise awareness of an issue affecting cellphone users Which word is closest in meaning to ‘vulnerable’ as it is used in the text? (A) weak (8) fearful (C) exposed (0) dependent ‘many people now destroy or wipe computer hard drives before throwing them away, but the same thing isn’t yet happening with cellphones.’ Based on the information in the text, why is this the case? (A) People are not as aware of the potential for identity theft with cellphones. (8) There are no hard drives in cellphones that users can remove information from. (©) Geliphones are a more recent invention and do not have the same security settings. {D) _ Data on celiphones is often protected by codes, making people complacent about their security. Which option could replace the last sentence in the text and retain the same meaning? After bearing in mind that information is easily recovered, try deleting anything you wish to keep confidential Next, ensure anything that is to remain confidential is deleted, knowing that the information may be recoverable. Next, privately delete information, at the same time understanding that itis potentially recoverable. Keep in mind that data is frequently recoverable, then consider deleting sensitive information. 15 20141085 Engin Popar EEARead Defining a horse and answer questions 47 to 52. Defining a howe ‘Girl number twenty; said Mr Gradgrind, squarely pointing with his square forefinger. ‘I don't know that girl. Who is that girl?” ‘Sissy Jupe, si’ explained number twenty, blushing, standing up and curtseying. ‘Sisgy is not a name,’ said Mr Gradgrind. Dont call yourself Sissy. Call yourself Cecilia.” ‘Ie’ father as calls me Sissy si’ returned the young girl in a trembling voice, and with another curtsey. “Then he has no business to do it, said Mr Gradgrind. ‘What is your father?” “He belongs to the horse-riding, if you please, six” Mr Gradgrind frowned, and waved off the objectionable calling with his hand. ‘He is a veterinary surgcon, a farrier, and horsebreaker. Give me your definition of a horse.” (Sissy Jupe was thrown into the greatest alarm by this demand.) ‘Girl number twenty unable to define a horse!’ said Mr Gradgrind, for the general behoof of all the little pitchers. ‘Girl number twenty possessed of no facts, in reference to one of the commonest of animals! Some boy's definition of a horse. Bitzer, yours.” ‘The square finger, moving here and there, lighted suddenly on Bitzer, perhaps because he chanced to sit in the same ray of sunlight which, darting in at one of the bare windows of the intensely white- washed room, irradiated Sissy. For the boys and girls sat on the face of the inclined plane in two compact bodies, divided up the centre by a narrow interval; and Sissy, being at the comer of a row on the sunny side, came in for the beginning of a sunbeam, of which Bitzer, being at the corner of a row on the other side, few rows in advance, caught the end. But, whereas the girl was so dark-eyed and dark-haired thar she seemed to receive a deeper and more lustrous colour from the sun when it shone upon hes, the boy was so light-eyed and light- haired that the self-same rays appeared to draw out of him what litle colour he ever possessed. His cold eyes would hardly have been eyes, but for the short ends of lashes which, by bringing them into immediate contrast with something paler than themselves, expressed their form. His short- cropped hair might have been a mere continuation of the sandy freckles on his forehead and face. His skin was so unwholesomely deficient in the natural tinge that he looked as though if he were cut, he would bleed white, ‘Bitzer, said Thomas Gradgrind. ‘Your definition of a horse.’ ‘Quadruped. Graminivorous. Forty teeth, namely twenty-four grinders, four eye-teeth, and twelve incisive. Sheds coat in the spring; in marshy countries, sheds hoofs, too. Hoofs hard, but requiring to be shod with iron. Age known by marks in mouth.’ Thus (and much more) Bitzer. ‘Now, girl number twenty,’said Mr Gradgrind. You know what a horse is.’ She curtseyed again, and would have blushed deeper, if she could have blushed deeper than she had blushed all this time. Bitzer, after rapidly blinking at Thomas Gradgrind with both eyes at once, and so catching the light upon his quivering ends of lashes that they looked like the antennae of busy insects, put his knuckles to his freckled forchead, and sat down again.47. 48. 49. 60, 51 52. Sissy's conversation with Mr Gradgrind portrays her as being (A) timid and polite. (6) scared but outspoken. (C) curious but restrained. (©) naive and uninhibited. 'Mr Gradgrind frowned, and waved off the objectionable calling with his hand.” What was ‘the objectionable calling’? (A) __Sissy’s unusual nickname (8) _Sissy's father’s occupation (C) _ other students seeking his attention (0) the names given to people who work with horses ‘The phrase ‘for the general behoof of all the little pitchers’ means that Mr Gradgrind said what he said in order to (A) clarity what the other students knew about horses. (8) _ prepare Sissy for the kind of education all students would receive. (C) ensure the other students helped Sissy to learn more about horses. (D) encourage the other students to sneer at Sissy's lack of knowledge. What effect does the use of colour in the description of Bitzer and Sissy have on readers? (A) __Ithighlights the setting to exaggerate the unpleasant character of Mr Gradgrind. (B) _It focuses attention on the poor health of children at this time. (C) _ It makes the physical setting of the story more emphatic. (0) _Itemphasises the contrast between the two characters, ‘The word ‘incisive’ describes teeth that are used for (A) cutting (©) grinding. (C) crushing (0) polishing. What is the overall mood of the text? (A) frightening ©) strained (C) suspenseful (0) sentimental 7 ZO1ICAS Engh Paper OEAAFor questions 53 to 55 choose the words which best fit the style, meaning and syntax of the passage. Sumatran tigers There were once many more subspecies of tigers than exist today. As the human population has expanded, the number of tiger subspecies has drastically declined. In Indonesia, the Balinese and Javan tiger subspecies are now extinct and the last of Indonesia's tigers, the Sumatran tiger, 53) _ to be less than 400, is on the brink. Two factors are driving the process of extinction for the Sumatran tiger: direct competition for land between humans, the tiger and its prey, __(54) _ deforestation for farms, palm oil plantations and settlements; and poaching for tiger parts to supply the black market in Asia. Poaching is believed to be responsible for almost 80 percent of Sumatran tiger deaths annually. ‘Sumatran tigers are legally protected in Indonesia, _(55) _ the efforts to protect them, their numbers are dwindling. It would be a sad day for Indonesia and indeed the world if the roar of a wild Sumatran tiger can no longer be heard. 53. (A) _ who has numbers today estimated (8) which numbers today are estimated (C) whom has numbers today estimated (0) whose numbers today are estimated 54. (A)__affter all resulting from (8) especially the result of (C) particularly as a result of (D) considering the results of 55. (A)_but despite (8) _inaddition to (C) in whatever way (0) nonetheless after 20141048 Engh Paper CAA 183 UNSW Global See AUSTRALIA Educational Assessment Australia ICAS Question | opera | PaperS | Paper | PaperD | Papere | Papert | Papers | Papers 1 D D A c D Sc ae B, ; 3 : 5 c c A A ¢ 3 A D ¢ 3 A s 2 = 3 4 * . ¢ A c D 8 : $ = iF 3 B 8 A ¢ 7 B A D © D D D S 7 c c B A o 7 2 - x 8 A D a € A 5 c D c B c 8 c & 10 D a o A 5 £ A = 7 3 8 A D A B. B 8 12 A a 8 ¢ 6 A & < 13, D D c B 2 8B. 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