American

Civil War
SUBIN YANG/ BLOCK D/ NOV 8TH, 2011

1861~1865

1. Reading for War (pg 1~5) a.What did the Confederates have? (Resources) b.Comparisons (Resources) c.How the Soldiers Were Trained 2. Commanders and Conflict (pg 6~8) b. Confederate Generals c. The Battles d. Minority Groups 3. Americans During Civil War (pg 9) 4. Aftermath of Civil War (pg 10) 5. Bibliography (pg 11)

Table of Contents

1861~1865

C I V I L W A R

EXPENSIVE

1 . R E A DY I N G F O R WA R

What did the Confederates have?

When the war started, both the Confederates and Union had many amateur soldiers who were young and not so experienced. However, the North or the Union had more generals with experience because there was more population on the North. As for the inventories and resources, North again had more advantage due to the blockade (Anaconda Plan) that made transportation and communication hard for the South. Also, even before the war had started, the North had much more advanced industry and transportation than the South which only relied on slavery and agriculture. Basically, the South had limited resources while North could replace their men and weapons each time they fought.

YOUNG, INEXPERIENCED SOLDIERS

RELIANCE ON COTTON

LESSER POPULATION

CO MPARISO NS ( YIKES.)
Soldier Totals

North OBVIOUSLY had more... 1.soldiers 2.weapons 3.resources

Weapons Comparison (Percentage)

Amount of Ships at the Start

Civil War Industries

WE HAD: 1.Motivation to ght a.to keep our property (slaves!) b.to keep our land away from the Northerners 2.Cotton b.getting help from the foreign countries which wanted cotton

NAPOLEONIC :)

How the soldiers were trained:

Many of the generals in the South or the Confederacy were inspired by the Napoleonic tactics that General Napoleon used during the French Revolution. Napoleonic ways of ghting involved wearing neat, red colored uniforms and lining

up in a orderly manner and marching together in a line. Whether this tactic was effective during the American Civil War or not is something you have to wait for... As mentioned before, the soldiers were inexperienced and amateurs. To worsen the situation, South had lesser population than the North. Therefore, when drafting the soldiers, they had to lower the age limit to have more men join the army every time after a battle against the Union. The Union could always replace the army with more men thanks to high population.

The South could win the war by not losing; the North could win only by winning.
http://www.civilwarhome.com/ confederatestrategy.htm

Straight, in a line, aligned and oderly

CONFEDERATE GENERALS
1. Thomas Jackson
Thomas Jackson, also known as Stonewall Jackson, was one of the most successful generals in the Confederate side. Before participating in the Civil War, he participated in the Mexico War. He was like a right hand for General Robert E. Lee because the two had perfect chemistry when it came to battles. He died due to a friendly re that resulted in infections in his left arm to the point of death. 2. Richard Ewell
Richard Ewell graduated from American Military Academy and served in the west and participated in the Mexican American War before the Civil War. He served under Thomas Jackson and a few other generals during the war. When Jackson died, he was placed as the new lieutenant general. He was criticized for the Battle of Gettysburg and Battle of Spotsylvania for his indecisiveness. 3. PGT Beauregard
Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard was one of the generals who left the United States Army to join the Confederacy because he was born in Louisiana. He was also from the United States Military Academy and participated in Mexican American War. During the Civil War, he led the armies in Battle of Shiloh and Siege of Corinth. He also saved Petersburg in Virginia and Richmond in 1864.

2.

THOMAS JACKSON
1. WELL KNOWN AS STONEWALL JACKSON 2. USED TO TEACH AS A PHYSICS TEACHER 3. ALTHOUGH HE WAS RIDICULED FOR HIS STRICTNESS AND LACK OF SYMPATHY, HE WAS ALSO PRAISED FOR NOT SMOCKING, DRINKING AND GAMBLING

You may be whatever you resolve to be.

R I CH A R D EW EL L
1. AFTER HE WAS SICK AND WAS RETREATING TO RICHMUND, HE WAS CAPTURED BY THE UNION AND HAD TO STAY IN THE PRISON FOR THE REST OF THE WAR 2. HE RESIGNED FROM THE UNITED STATES ARMY TO JOIN THE CONFEDERACY
"The enemy has assailed my outposts in heavy force. I have fallen back on the line of Bull Run and will make a stand at Mitchell's Ford."

PGT BE AU R EGA RD
1. ONE OF THE GENERALS WHO CONVINCED PRESIDENT DAVIS THAT THE WAR MUST END 2. HE HAD A BAD RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PRESIDENT DAVIS 3. HE SAVED RICHMOND, CAPITAL OF THE CONFEDERACY IN 1864

A N T I ETA M
"I have heard of 'the dead lying in heaps', but never saw it till this battle. Whole ranks fell together." - Captain Emory Upton, 2nd U.S. Artillery, at Antietam
http://www.civil-war.net/cw_images/les/images/307.jpg

BATTLES
1. Antietem
Also known as the bloodiest single day in American history. The generals involved from both the sides were General Robert E Lee from the Confederacy and General McCellen from the Union. This battle ended up sending the Confederate Army back to the Pontamic River after a war with no clear outcome. The South was at a disadvantage already because the North had so many more soldiers than the South. However, General Lee had to try hard in order to gain some Northern territory. At the end there was more than 22,000 casualties including both sides. 2. Gettysburg
This battle lasted 3 days between the Union General George G. Meade and the Confederate General Robert E Lee. The Confederates were condent after a victory at the Battle of Chancellorsville and believed that they could get recognition from the European countries if the victories continued. However, on the way up North, the Confederate army clashed with the Union army in Gettysburg. General Robert E Lee tried the Picketts Charge to break through the Union army but ended up failing and losing a lot of soldiers. 3. Siege of Vicksberg
Vicksburg was located in an area near the Mississippi River which was a vital key transportation and communication way for the the Confederates. If the Union took away this point of their land, the damage done to the Confederacy would be disastrous! However Union General Ulysses Grant nally fortied and started assulting Vicksburg in May 22, 1863. In the beggining, the Confederate General John Pemberton didnt give up. However, as soon as the supplies were cut, he soon had to surrender in order to survive.

GETTYSBURG
'For the rest of his life, Pickett would grieve for his men lost that day, and would blame Lee for the disaster...On departing, Pickett launched into a bitter diatribe. "That old man," he said, "had my division slaughtered at Gettysburg." Gettysburg: The Confederate High Tide, Time-Life Books
http://www.civil-war.net/cw_images/les/images/262.jpg

SIEGE OF VICKSBURG "Vicksburg is the nail head that holds the South's two halves together," - Jefferson Davis

http://www.civil-war.net/cw_images/les/images/668.jpg

MINORITY GROUPS
African Americans With the Emancipation Proclamation and due to the large population of slaves and African Americans in the South (there were less white people than the North but more African Americans), the slaves also participated in the war hoping for freedom from slavery and prejudice. However, even during the harsh times of the war, people mistreated the African Americans who joined in to ght for freedom and they were always given lowly jobs.

http://www.civil-war.net/cw_images/les/images/006.jpg

WOMEN Many wealthy women in the South were so used to being helped by slaves that they were forced to help their side although they were not used to it. They, like the women who supported the Union, helped with cleaning, healing, cooking and sewing for the soldiers

IMMIGRANTS The South, even before the Civil War, had not welcomed the foreigners or foreign immigrants, especially from Europe already anyway because of their culture and religion. Besides, they already also had slaves as labor force so they were not welcomed.

SPIES During the War, the Confederacy had a lot of help of nding out important information about the Union and their plans through their spies. One of the major groups was called the Secret Service Bureau staying at the capital city of the Unions, Washington D.C.

3. Americans During Civil War

With the lack of Confederate soldiers were Dixie and When Johnny Comes Marching Home supplies and food, the army

H O M E F RO N T

was already having a hard time AGain or The Yellow Roses feeding their own soldiers. In of Texas and The Bonnie the beginning of the war, they Blue Flag. had meat to eat but towards
In the home front, with the end they had hard bread which they needed to soak in the water in order to eat it. Also, as the war progressed, they needed more and more men and the age group all the men gone, the women had to face some responsibilities which they never had to care about. Many supported the soldiers by sewing their uniforms or ags,
WO MEN WITH NEW RESPONSIBIL ITIES

lowered. To distract themselves from the graveness farming the land, and also helping out in the hospitals. of the war, many soldiers enjoyed music. Some of the favorite ballads of the

YO U NG G IRL S AND BOYS HELPIN G

O N LY WO M E N L E F T W I T H A L L TH E MEN GO N E F OR WAR

MANY WORK IN THE FARM AND THE HOS PITALS

4 . A F T E R M AT H O F C I V I L WAR

RESULTS OF THE CIVIL WAR

1. SLAVERY ENDED 2. THE UNION WON 3. THE SOUTH WAS IN A TERRIBLE STATE (BECAUSE MOST OF THE BATTLES WERE FOUGHT IN THE SOUTHERN LAND) 4. COSTLIEST WAR EVER FOUGHT ON AMERICAN SOIL 5. 620,000 SOLDIERS KILLED

The Country is Torn Apart

In 1865, the Confederates nally had to surrender because they knew that they had no chance of winning against the North or the Union which was replacing all the men and the weapons each time they were need after a battle. However, the South was not in the position to do that. And in order to not to cause any more damage or deaths on the Souths side, they had to give up.
In the end, the war killed 620,000 people and injured millions and left the whole country unstable with all the damages done during the war...and the South suffered even more than North due to their dependence on slavery and cotton.

Resources:

Works Cited "American Civil War History Timelines Battle Map Pictures." American Civil War History Timelines Battle Map Pictures. Central Design Lab, n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2011. <http://americancivilwar.com/>. "American Civil War History.com Articles, Video, Pictures and Facts." History.com History Made Every Day American & World History. The History Channel Website, n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2011. <http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war>. "Civil War History Center." Civil War Trust: Saving America's Civil War Battleelds. History.com, n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2011. <http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/>. Kelly, Martin. " Battle of Antietam - Civil War Battle of Antietam ." American History From About. About.com, n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2011. <http://americanhistory.about.com/od/civilwarbattles/p/ cwbattle_antie.htm>. "Quotes." Welcome to Zipcon . N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2011. <http://www.zipcon.net/~kestral/ quotes.html>. "Stonewall Jackson Quotes." The Civil War. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2011. <http:// www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/Stonewall_Jackson_Quotes.htm>. "Strategy And Tactics In The American Civil War." The American Civil War Home Page. N.p., 2 Sept. 2008. Web. 8 Nov. 2011. <http://www.civilwarhome.com/strategyandtactics.htm>. "The Civil War Home Page." The Civil War Home Page. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2011. <http://www.civilwar.net/>. "The Civil War | PBS." PBS: Public Broadcasting Service. General Motors, n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2011. <http:// www.pbs.org/civilwar/>. "The Vicksburg Campaign May 1863 American Civil War Battle." American Civil War History Timelines Battle Map Pictures. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2011. <http://americancivilwar.com/vicks.html>.