Sunita M.C. De Sousa, Robert J.

Norman,
Metabolic syndrome, diet and exercise,
Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology,
Volume 37,
2016,
Pages 140-151,
ISSN 1521-6934,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2016.01.006.
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521693416000079)
Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with a range of metabolic
complications including insulin resistance (IR), obesity, dyslipidaemia,
hypertension, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
These compound risks result in a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and possibly
increased cardiovascular (CV) disease. As the cardiometabolic risk of PCOS is
shared amongst the different diagnostic systems, all women with PCOS should undergo
metabolic surveillance though the precise approach differs between guidelines.
Lifestyle interventions consisting of increased physical activity and caloric
restriction have been shown to improve both metabolic and reproductive outcomes.
Pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery may be considered in resistant metabolic
disease. Issues requiring further research include the natural history of PCOS-
associated metabolic disease, absolute CV risk and comparative efficacy of
lifestyle interventions.
Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome; metabolic syndrome; insulin resistance;
lifestyle intervention; diet; exercise