Four Seasons ofThis is Yoon, Kang-Hyeon, Ambassador of the Republic of Korea to Iran, Korean Wave magazine of Korean Cultural Section in Iran has published its 10th issue, thanks to the support of many Iranians who love Korean culture, This 10th Korean Wave magazine covers Korean movies, dramas, poetry, food, people, educational system, transportation and cities. It also presents a fresh take on Korean Wave topics from the perspective of Iranian writers and includes direct interviews with a filmmaker and instructor who work in both Iran and Korea, In particular, the fall issue's special features include tourist information on Gangneung, the representative city of Gangwon-lo with beautiful fall foliage, introduction of Shin, Saim-Dang and teacher Lee, Yul-Gok, historical figures of Gangneung, and content related to gizzard, a fall food that is said to bring back even daughters-in-law who have run away from home, which readers ‘may find interesting, ‘The Embassy of the Republic of Korea in Iran celebrated the 61st anniversary of diplomatic relations between Korea and Iran on October 10th with a National Day event at the Ambassador's residence. The occasion highlighted the longstanding friendship between the two countries over the past 60 years. The Embassy hopes this magazine will encourage constructive cultural exchange and strengthen the friendly cooperation between Korea and Iran. ‘Thank you. A message from Ambassador eRe ent sole aetelst At SAM ‘ast BSS bees BE lets So] Balak BA] Bao} LR lt BSAA oA] Uroe Beale] 10S WAS Bol Msuct. Of 10S. HMA S WH] Ys, ett, a], 4), We, BS, DS, EA] S OG Fal] 1 AIAS Bz] oleel AN AAS SA MAS] ASSL, WS ole SOHAL SSthe VHA, BHU SSAA UGH YAH ARE Wal oa Ueuct. S8l, 71S SUO= AAS) SHS BES EEA] BEA AA, SSA SA Us AAS 1S AS 27, BUA Lee Sop O7] WHE 7S SA Ao] Ba AAAS SASAA SulSAl S > WS AoOw 7c. FOS HS GARE Bole pal GIFS oF Alt 10.5 CRRA 38S BAS HAT Bt NS] Ch Alt OFZ] HAAS $4 wsoe woe Yat FERRO] BUS + VES B ohio] BAH] AB AVR] 71S SUBUeh. Zar. Ole AREAS CAT RAThe tenth edition of the FSOK is a wide window to the third autumn of this webzine. Through the tenth issue, you will wander around the coastal city of Gangneung and get to know its well-known acts as well. Moreover, besides reviewing the embassy's cultural banquets, we will consider the reason for the shining Choseok night’s feast in the history and culture of Korea. Above all, in this edition we have tried to provide you with unique and unrivaled interviews just as the previous autumn edition to keep the beautiful season of fall, special for the webzine. Thereupon, it has became possible to know the background of filmmaking in South Korea through an interview with a supreme artist, Komeil Soheili. Also, the popular teacher of Sejong Tehran, Kim Jia, who recently returned to Korea, also left valuable words for her students in the heart of this issue. The dazzling wrap-up of the exclusive talks also belongs to the dubbing veterans of our country, Iran. The lasting voices, who, along with other Korean works, have recently been dubbing the popular series "Mouse" and this has registered a double honor for this issue. We sincerely hope that reading this issue of FSOK would make a memorable memory for you in the coming autumn. We look forward to hearing your comments through the Cultural Section of the Korean Embassy. With respect. Editorial board of FSOK webzine.” aS = Ss) am s 1S) The Cultral Bridge from Iran to Korea Winners of Korean and Persian Poem Contest -Korea from an Iranians viewpoint Sensational Summer at the Residence of the Korean Ambassador Kim Fi; A Popular Inssactor and a Well reveled Voyager A\ green frame as wide as Iran and Korea -Shooting on the dynamite of tourism -Two Similar Cuisines Education -Ineludible Advancement ‘Transportation South Korea the pioneer of smart public transportation Culture ‘Chuseok Full Moon, Treasured Taste Tourism Dominion of Autumn in Seoul Olympic Park G neung: Coexistence of Nature and Architecture History Pedigree of Prodigy -YiSeong-aye, A King Among People Art Destruction of the body of domination literature -Kim Jiyoung, Born 1982 Traces of a Translator Hallyu -Review of the Series "Revenant" (2023) Review of the Series "Mouse" (2021) -Report of Mouse's Persian Dubbi -Golden Stars Korean Language 2nd episode of “Teleport”; the webzine's comic Four Seasons of Korea Fall 2023 | Vol.10 Publisher Korean Cultural Section of Embassy of the Republic of Korea in Iran Kim Jong-oh Deputy Editor-i Niloofar Mirzamanesh Eaitorial team members Niloofar Nekoueifard, Negar Nekoueifard Narjes Gharavi, Sanaz Jaberi Participants Niloofar Fattahi, Zahra Saam, Fatemeh Sameri Zahra Jan Mohammadloo, Melika Khodavand. Saeed Bahmanpoor, Zahra Saali, Yasaman Abbasi Graphic Designer Sanaz Jaberi Layout Designers Negar Nekoueifard, Niloofar Nekoueifard English Editor Zahra Esfandmaz Special Thanks to Minoo Ghaznavi, Nahid Amirian, Shervin Ghetei, Shila Azhit, Nazanin Yasi, Nima Nekoucifard, Khashayar Shamshirgaran, Sepideh Ranji, Maedch Valizadeh, Ameneh Berberi, Dorsa Khakzad, Zeynab Najali, Arefeh Anbarestani, Shima Farzanch Zaivra Salmi, Shabnam Shahi, Mobina Talkhabi, Kontil Sobel, Amir Masoud Soheli, Korea.nt,vstseoul net, Vistkorea net Address 2, West Daneshvar St, Sheikhbahai ave, Vanak sq Tehran, Iran Email Emb-ir@mofa.or.kraa Winners oa AG oJ edb ane) a& luo 4 Caxrgo— | Ac azAs AURA ee aaa Tp ce a ae es * Zahra Salimi iia ae ean ONY eS 2b aca + Maryam Shams DESY UL GAC DECRG acctZahra Salimi " HI ve Tera] NB Rely 2 * e . 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UI Ste Hee LtOl2i! 2220) SFOICE. 4COE TT In the 10th edition of Four Seasons of Korea, you'l find the first segment of a ‘compilation of notes from Iranian immigrants and travelers who have gone to Cee eee eos fan Iranian immigrant. We hope that her inspiring writing will expand your Ce cr Helo everyone, | am Sepldeh. | eamed my doctorate in chemical engineering from Dongguk University and am currently working as a researcher while pursuing postdoctoral studies at the ‘Same universiy. Ten years ago, | visited Korea for the fist time. The story of how | ended up in Korea began wih watching the “Legend of Jumong” series. Atter watching “Jumong,” | was inspired to leam Korean despite having previously seen "Jewel in the Palace. In addition to that, ‘out of curiosity. | discovered thatthe Korean embassy offers Korean language classes, so joined the Sejong classes. | heard about a scholarship called KGSP in these classes and applied for it, but | wasrit accepted the fist year. Although my intial application to study for a PhD. in Korea was unsuccessful, | aid not let it discourage me. Instead, | reapplied the following year and received the acceptance leter. it was exilaratng to have the chance to study in Korea. However, |1was surprisd by the Koreans’ need for more knowledge about Iran. Despite Iran boing a largo ‘county, many people do not even know where its located. When I arrived in Korea, it was ‘around the same time as BTS debut. At the te, Korea wasn't as globalized as itis now, and as 4 result, it wasn't very welcoming to immigrants and foreigners. Nowadays, societal acceptance has improved significantly and is incomparable tothe past. ‘On the other hand, one ofthe cultural shocks for me was the Koreans’ excessive smoking and the folowing action of spitting onthe floor. Many people in iran smoke but do nat iter with their salva, Another bombshell was that many students showed up on the university campus and even in classrooms wearing sweatpants and comfortable slippers. As time passed, I got accustomed to al the cultural ferences around me, and they eventually became a regular pat of my ie Last but not least, if you plan to study or lve in South Korea, you should prepare before going there because life in Korea ders from K-cramas. Yas, many things are akin to the series, Nevertheless, many other things are entirely diferent, and you have to come to this county with @ realistic mind and prepare yourself o Ive alone. | have many Korean, Irnian, and foreign frends here but | spend much of my tine alone. I is essential to understand that one cannot receive ‘sistance from friends for all matters. tis vital to have strong mental forttude to cope with i's Challenges. Ive worked here in a laboratory and di parttime work before graduation. To be able todo a parttime job here, its much bettr if you are fluent in Korean, “Another cca points thal you should be patient while working. Being patient means accepting Uncomfortable remarks from superiors in Korean culture, Disregarding such encounters and not ‘dueling on them too much is advisable. One of the admirable traits of Koreans i their ability to let 90 of grudges quicky they get upset over something today they wi most key forget about it tomorrow, and things wil tum to normal. However, this may not ba the case if the person ‘grudges againt someone. Besides allthis, Korea is a good county. Living in Korea comes with its own challenges, but the county provides ample facies to ensure a comfortable fe forts cizens. However. due to the economic sanctions, Iranians have been facing a series of probloms. Albet, during the intial years of my migration to Korea, | id not encounter these ieee 99 rySensational Summer at the Residence of the Korean Ambassador Niloofar Nekoueitard‘The Korean wave has caused a surge of interest in the sweet Korean language, ‘and many individuals are enthusiastic 10 learn it As a result, various competitions ‘and events centered around Korean language speech are being held in different counties to provide a chance for fiiendly competition among Korean language learners. One of these events was recently held in Tehran. The Sejong Foundation and the cultural department of the Embassy of the Republic of Korea in Iran organized a program for Korean language and culture enthusiasts. The ‘event was attended by the South Korean ‘Ambassador and created a pleasant memory for all those who were present In the following, we will be reading the report of the FSOK editorial board on this ‘summer day. ‘On June 22nd, the Sejong School of ‘Tehran held a speech competition along with several cultural programs at the residence of the Ambassador of the Republic of Korea in Iran, Yoon Kang- Hyun. Over two hundred attendees, including language learners from Sejong School in Tehran and Isfahan, as well as ‘guests of the cultural department of the ‘embassy, gathered to make this annual ‘evening unforgettable with their passionate presence. If you happened to Visit the Instagram page of Iran's Cultural Section which goes by the usemame @koreancutture iran, you might have ‘seen their recent art competitions. One ‘competition centered around designing Hanbok, which is traditional Korean atic, wtile the other focused on painting South Korea's cultural and historical ‘elements. 21 ‘The drawing competition winners were chosen through a voting process by the Ccoremony guests. At the start of the ‘ceremony, every guest received a sticker to cast their vote. Once they entered the path of paintings, they picked thelr preferred artwork and placed the sticker fn it. The winners of the Hanbok design competition were chosen by the cultural department, and they also attended the ceremony. We will discuss their vibrant performance later. ‘The guests gathered at around 10:00 ‘a.m. for the speech contest. Ambassador Yoon Kang Hyan gave a warm welcome speech, and then the participants appeared on stage individually to deliver their prepared speeches. However, this year’s competition had a unique format ‘After each participant fnished speaking the judges asked impromptu questions about the chosen topic and awarded higher scores to those who answered fluently and coherently. Narjes Gharavi, from the FSOK magazine team, Introduced the quarterly magazine of the cultural section after the question-and- answer session of the last participant. ‘She reminded the audience that they ‘could download all the issues published 0 far through QR codes provided in the brochures given to them, along with the ‘After the magazine's introduction, the judging time for the speech contest was ‘over, and it was time to announce the winner. The participants demonstrated ‘commendable elocution skils in Korean, ‘making It dificult for the judges to choose ‘a winner. However, in the end, Maryam Hemmati emerged as the winner of the Tehran King Sejong Schools speech competition, and Ambassador Yoon personally presented her with a certificate of appreciation. It is worth noting that the prize for the speech contest winner at each Sejong Language School is a short trip to South Korea, which the King Sejong Foundation fully funds. ‘Afier announcing the speech contest winner, the guests were invited to enjoy Korean {food and have lunch with ther fiends and classmates in the green space of Ambassador Yoon's residence. The party continued withthe winners of the Hanbok design competition appearing on stage one by one, wearing their colorful hanboks as their designs were shown on the screen behind them. They transformed the ceremony scene into an enchanting frame, radiating the beauty of traditional Korean clothing The cultural department of the embassy did not forget the two hundred guests present at the ceremony. Apart from providing an opportunity to finish ther artistic competitions, they also held an exciting competition right at the end of the ceremony forall the guests. The competition related to Busan City required the guests to answer specialized questions by holding up either X (negative) or O (positive) on the papers they were provided with ‘Those who answered incorrectly were gradually eliminated, and the last person standing ‘was declared the winner and awarded by the Cultural Counselor of the Korean Embassy, Kim Jongvun. At the end of the event, the painting and hanbok design competion winners were announced, and they also received awards from Him. ‘The beautiful voice of Kiana Khoshnood singing popular Korean songs was a delightful ‘way to end a cheerful summer day. The spirited young guests put smiles on everyone's faces, making the cultural event even more enjoyable. After the performance, a reception ‘was held, and souvenirs were presented to the guests. We will cherish the happy memories created on this summer day for as long as we can remember. We also had the opportunity to interview some of the winners ofthe cultural arts competition, and we have recorded our conversation with them below. 2‘A conversation with selected young artists in cultural competi Art and Thousands of Lifelines ‘The Korean Cultural Section of the South Korean embassy in ran has recently organized ‘numerous art competitions, which deserve praise and gratitude. Art has been able to ‘overcome the darker aspects of human life since the beginning of cvilzation and has led culture towards peace, tranquility, and progressive meanings in human ife. Therefore, it would be a great opportunity to sit alongside our young artists and witness the magic of art through their eyes. In this interview, we talked to four winners of two summer ‘competitions organized by the cultural section - the Hanbok design compeiition and the painting competition based on a subject related to Korea, First, please introduce yourself to the ‘magazine's audience. Then, please tell lus what art means to you and at what ‘age you become interested in drawing and painting, Zainab Najafi: Hello, | am Zainab Najaf ‘one of the winners of the Hanbok design ‘competition. Art, for me, means finding solace and escaping from the real world. | have been interested in art since | was young and have worked in various art fields, ‘Amene Barbari: Hi, | am Amene Barbar ‘and 1 won the thd prize in the drawing As | grew older, | discovered ‘my Interest in tradtonal ranian arts, such {as enameling and glazing. For me, artis Not just a way to relieve stress or show Creativity; it is a way to evoke emotions and feelings in others. Dorsa Khakbaz: Hi, | am Dorsa Khakbaz, another winner of the Hanbok design competion. To me, art means bringing our abstract ideas and imaginations to reality creatively and skilfully. AS a child, I spent a lot of ime drawing designs of clothes that | had in ‘mind, and | enjoyed it immensely. Maedeh Valizadeh: Hi, | am Macdeh Valizadeh, the winner of the first prize in the painting competition. Regarding what art means to me, it is the abilty to express oneself through emotions, feelings, and personal passion. | started painting as a child, in between playing games and waiting for my family members to get home. At that time, painting was a way to put my thoughts ‘and dreams on paper. 24 | didnt care about the resuit; what mattered was the happiness and pleasure | felt while painting, Could you please tell us about your unique and stunning design style, Maedeh? This digital ilustration is a stunning example of magical realism, which ‘combines fact, legend, and history to create an otherworidly aesthetic. The painting depicts everyday if, with both 2 regular and supematurally paranormal ‘element. The first frame is inspired by ancient South Korean art, showcasing the drawing of objects, colors, and light. ‘The second frame shows the continuation fife and stepping into the future, My goal in designing this work was to ‘embody the rich history of South Korea and its ancient architecture, highlighting its durability and continuation into the present era, | also wanted to address the achievements of the South Korean ‘monarchy and influential people in shaping history. The work visualizes the Intersection of time, with people visiting a historical palace in Korea in the present \while experiencing the atmosphere of the past I believe in the importance of preserving ancient monuments, which motivated me to create this subject. | hope this work inspires people to appreciate the beauty land significance of historical landmarks ‘and the stories they hold, We are interested to know how your fascination with South Korean culture has impacted your artistic expression.Zainab Najafi: In all honesty, my previous works had a dark tone in both subject and color scheme, However, ater becoming familar with Korean culture, my artistic approach has completely transformed and taken on a new vibrancy. Maede Valizadeh: As my interest in Korea and its culture grew, | began to open myself Up to new perspectives and think deeply about conveying my beliefs and ideas while also incorporating the knowledge | gained through studying this country’s culture. This newfound interest has also inspired me to broaden my horizons and expand my Understanding ofthe world ‘Amene Barbari: As a realistic painter, | am constantly searching for inspiration in. my surroundings to use as the subject of my paintings. | have always been drawn to the ‘works of Korean artists’ and the counisy’s traditional textures. An artist's fascination with a country’s culture or history is often reflected in their work, and for me, Korean culture has been the most significant influence on my artwork, Through my fascination with th culture, | have transformed my painting subjects, resulting in a body of work heavily influenced by Korean culture's beauly and richness, 25 ‘Amene, could you please share with lus how you came to learn about Yoo Gwan-Soon, the Korean freedom fighter? We would like to know how Yoo GwanSoon became your inspiration to the point where you made her the subject of your work. Last winter, | decided to learn more about important figures from Korea. One of them was a young freedom fighter whose story impressed me greatly after watching the movie about her. Yoo Gwan-Soon's persistence, resistance, and reliance on her beliefs profoundly impacted my thoughts and feelings. | was almost the same age as her when she started the revolution, which made me choose her as the subject of my painting. Additionally, 1 felt sympathetic towards her cause. Currently, in my native country of Afghanistan, young gils and women are fighting for their rights and not giving up. 1 believe many Yoo Gwan-Soons bloom like flowers in counivies that strive for freedom every year, yet no one notices them. Zainab and Dorsa, you had the opportunity to wear the beautiful traditional Korean dress, the Hanbok, after participating in the Hanbok design competition. Can you describe your experience? Dorsa Khakbaz: One of my most unique ‘and memorable experiences was being invited to the Korean Embassy after participating in the Hanbok design competion, where | could wear a Hanbok and leam how to put it on correctly. Seeing the dress up close and experiencing its unique feeling was a valuable opportunity. Zainab Najafi: Wearing Hanbok was one of the best experiences of my life, and | ‘am very grateful for the opportunity. As someone deeply interested in history and Korean culture, | have always wanted to experience wearing a Hanbok. It was a truly memorable day, and | will never forget it. We hope that you, our esteemed readers, have enjoyed admiring the beautiful works of these talented artists and reading their words. In the upcoming editions of the magazine, we look forward to the opportunity to chat and connect with you,A Popular Instructor and a Well-traveled Voyager An exclusive interview with PB the former teacher of Sejong = Institute of Tehran Narjes GharaviInstructor Kim Jia has taught all graduates of Sejong Insitute in Tebvan for at least one semester. in addition to the graduates, many ‘current students at Sejong Institute of Tehran miss their former toacher, Ms. Kim Jia, who recently retumed to Korea, Her absence is flt during the ‘aurrent semester. Lucky, we had the opportunity to speak with her. Hope this interview wil alow readers of FSOK webzine unfamiliar wth her to leam about this wonderful person. Furthermore, her conversation with us wil hold a special place in the heart of our magazine for her students, -Our readers, who have been your students, likely know you, but please introduce yours toour readers. My name is Kim Jia, and | am a Korean language teacher from Seoul who also researches Korean popular culture. So as an ‘enthusiast of Korean culture, | am also very interested in you. ‘Lot us start by asking why life in ran became a part of your path, ‘Actually, it was in 2011 that | traveled olan forthe fest tine. AL that te, | never imagined that | ‘would later meet my Iranian spouse and return to Iran. However, | have not lived in an continously ‘and have been commuting between Iran and Korea. And, wel, Iving double-based can indeed be exhausting sometimes. But atthe same tie, it has made my le more adventurous and Prosperous. You taught atthe Sejong institute of Tehran for ‘our years. How will you remember this ime? Well, | started teaching Korean at King Sejong Insitute in Tehran right after the start of the Corona pandemic in 2020. Therefore, | was ‘constrained to attend classes exclusively in the virtual environment due to the circumstances. Furthermore, for various reasons, oftine courses ‘could not be held even alter the end of the ‘coronavirus epidemic, leaving me wih reget. 29 Oe et eats ce ees connect wih you through vitual ees: ee ei eee Tre zamed Korean from me, | ha ea ete a ee eee) ‘and work schedules and not to give en ed n when the going gets tough. The Veer inct ad et through those Sees rete et Seen where | ers ee) ted a ny facing the places on the maps comes the matvaton for my ne gy during your stay in Iran. What is ee eee Peete eg ee ee as ena oes eee nT ee we See ad ee icra Sey eee Instagram See ana ea et ee any eee ao Dee ore Se tes ee erty ‘ve been able to read. The book you'd ike me to recommend would probably be a book by a Korean ‘author, right? There are many books, But i | want to introduce classic work that | tke, 1 would choose the collection of poems by Yoon Dong (BF) caled "Sky, Wind, Stars and Poetry” (615s 3} 22} "9 AI), Yun Dongius name is familar to all Koreans Because it is mentioned in their textbooks. In this work of his, many poems wil give you comfort, especially when life is dificult or you are away from home. Will wo moet you again in iran soon? (One of my dreams is to diversify and expand my experiences while commuting between Iran and Korea. I am trying to retum to Iran next year, but ‘even if fal, | wil defintely come to Iran next year There are many faces that | am eager to see. Hope to see you again! “At the end, would you like to share anything with our readers? ‘Due tothe coronavirus outbreak, ! have spent more time in Korea than in Ian, Even after the pandemic had ended, | continued working from home in ran, hich lft me with no opportunity to enhance my Persian language skils. My goal is to improve my Persian language skils before my next trip to Iran. ‘Your suppor wil be appreciated. We thoroughly enjoyed the talks delivered by our beloved teacher, Kim Ja. We eagerly anticipate her retum to tran, where she can create many cherished memories withthe people of Iran, as well ‘as those who share an interest inthe language and couture of Korea. 30Land of Demons Forests Fall to Their Knees, and Traditions Follow Them The film industry is a crucial connector of people from diverse parts of the world in today's global society. Moreover, it offers a unique platform for artists to express their deep-seated concems through the eye of a camera, with the public as their audience, enabling a robust exchange of ideas and perspectives. Komeil and Amir Masoud Soheili are two Iranian cinematographers who have successfully tied Iranian culture to other countries, particularly South Korea, with their avant-garde subjects. Recently, they presented their latest work, "Land of Demons,” which uniquely embodies the global environmental problem. They combined traditional South Korean music, known as "Pansori" (B42), and the ancient art of Iranian storytelling, "Naqgali," to create this exceptional piece. Moreover, their younger brother Soheil Sohelli, who is just twenty-three years old, served as the artistic director and collaborated with the theater portions of this work. The documentary has received positive feedback from the South Korean audience. It was also screened at the accommodation of the respected ambassador of South Korea, Yoon Kang-Hyun, with a group of famous Iranian cinema artists in attendance at the recent screening, In this article, we will be reading the event report from the editorial board of FSOK webzine. On the evening of July 29, a private screening of the documentary "Land of Demons" was held at the residence of the South Korean ambassador in Iran, The event was attended by Amir Masoud Soheili, Soheil Soheili and a group of well-known Iranian artists, including Homayoun Ershadi, Saed Soheili, Gloria Hardi, Nazanin Bayati, Abbas Kazemi, Ehsan Abdipour, Parisa Ghahremani, Omid Aliazi, Ali Rezaei, Baharak Mahmoudi, Yaser Talebi, Sepehr Jalilian, and others. Itis worth noting that Komeil Soheil, the film's director, was unfortunately Unable to attend this memorable night due to his residence in South Korea. Niloofar Nekouei Fard 31At the start ofthe coremory, the arts were invited to a ‘special photo zone where they took photos alongside the ‘ambassador. Aor the shoot, the quests eniered the ‘ambassador's residence and sat at ther designated table. “The ceremeny kicked of at around 7:00 mwah the South Korean ambassador welcoming te artst quests witha short speech Fighghing the sigricance of cinema and television In shaping sooeties. Aer his speech, a vdeo dleplayg an ‘ray ofthe finest Iranian and South Korean fms fra the past decade was presontod, On July 28, 223, tho samo ‘ideo was also uploaded tothe Instagram page ofthe Korean ‘Cutucal Secton in Ian. You can watch hi anthology anytime you wish, dear readers, Following the fist par of the ‘ceremony, the quests were nied o enjoy a delcous nner ‘and experience the authente tase of Korean cusine at hs ‘autural event, Aer the dinner, the cenral part of the ‘ceremony was scheduled, which was the screening ofthe documentary "Land of Demons” ‘Tis documentary presents an innovative approach to ‘environmental sues by naraing the destruction of nature on Je Island in South Korea paral othe rin of Mazandaran ‘forests in an, What ses ths work apart isnot oly is unique paral approach to 8 common criss in both counties but ‘also 48 method of narraton. The documentary ingeniously bende Korean ond Iranian tdtonal toting, namely “Pansot" and "Naggal" which are manifestations of the ‘ancient customs of the respective counties. The pls hided ino seven pars, inspired by the mythological slony "The Seven Labors of Rustam” and the documentary begins ‘wi an ancient Korean tae that deserbes the process of he ‘eaten ofthe earth, These elements sigifcanly enhance the audio and visual appeal of tis work. We highty recommend that you wach tis valinble and important werk ‘and lear rom it 3s we During the private screening ofthe documentary, we had the pleasure of speaking wih ts producer, Amir Masoud Sofi Belowis an excer rom his speech. “Firstly, congratulations on your magnificent work, and thank you for taking the time to spoak with us. We ‘would love to know how you became interested in ‘filmmaking and what ar moans to you. Everyone has thei own answer this question, but for me, ital began in my childhood. grow up ina family who were deeply passionate about cinoma and. flmmaking, | remember attending theater rehearsals with my fathor and watching plays together. During that time, vdeo cameras wore not easy accessible tothe public, but wih the hep of iy father and undies a, we could accoss these faites. ‘AS a eau, arthas always been a pat of ou family heriage 3B ‘and has played a sigifcant role in shaping my passion for ‘immaking You recently received a prestigious award for your work on "Holy Pest.” What sets this project apart from your other works? ‘Actual, “Holy Pest is sila work in progress that | am colaberating on with Komell However, the project was submited to the Bouchon Intemational Fantastic Fn Fesival (#2131811 @f2h7, where it was fortunate to Win the top pie. This project is my fst ater o venture Into the fantasy genre, while my previous work, “Land of Demons,” primary had a documentary format with some fantasy elements. Addressing the fantasy genre in ran is @ unique challenge that requires significant resources. and snvestment Aside from the innovation of “Holy Peet” inthe documentary “Land of Demons,” the combination of “Pansor” and "Nagi" is ao a very creative idoa. What Inspired you to use this ka to create this work? Komell and | have gained extensive knowdge about Korean cuture trough his fe exporianee in South Korea ‘and my frequent vists tothe county. Komen pater, has adapted well to the culture during his inbabiancs, However, it was challenging for us to process the idea of ‘making a fim that showcased Naggai syle, 26 previous temps hac fale. Additonal, incorporating Panson into the fm was a daunting ask. We were uncertain about using the Pano syle in South Korean cea, and we took a signifcant rk in doing so. During the documentary's production, we searched for fms that were simar to ours, ‘but we could not nd any references. Therefore, cresting the "Land of Demons" was. a new experience for us. While ‘making the fim, we hoped to Serve asa reference for future fimmakers How was the Korean audience's feedback to the documentary “The Land of Demons,” which we watched tonight? This piace of work premiered atthe Uj Mountain Firm Festival (BEBEAALSIN), but unfortunately, | was ‘not present atthe ceremony. Kore tld me thatthe festival host mentioned in his speech after the screring that we should all stive to be tke Rostam. I fils me with joy anc pide that te Korean audience was able to establish a ‘connection with an ania legend. After the private screening of this documentary, our conversation with the Sohell brothers continued Fortunatly, wo also spoke remotely with Kamil Sobel ‘which you wil read about in the folowing magazine article M4Thank you for taking the time to speak with us. You have established yourself as a prominent filmmaker in South Korea. Please tell us how your journey led you to this | have been traveling for many years and have written a book called “Traveling with Dynamite Law," writen with a foreword by the Omidvar brothers, two great Iranian world travelers. The law of dynamite, which the book is named after, sates that when someone doesn't know what to 0 oF where to go in life but wants to follow a destination, they should put dynamite under their feet and move as fast as possible. | mention this law because Ive traveled to many countries and lived in various places for years. Korea was one ofthe countries I visited while taking a university course in cinema and traveling around for a fow months. | never imagined living there for long at the time, but | met my wife Joyon during my travels, and we continued our joumey together. After some time, we decided to get married and Continue our life together. In ran, | worked as an assistant director in the documentary film industry for a long time and directed fims. Ive tried to continue my career here in Korea as well 35 Narjes Gharavi of tourism Komeil Sohei An exclusive interview with the creative artist Shooting on the dynamite Could you provide some insight into your wife's thoughts on Iranian culture? My wife and | have had the opportunity to travel extensively throughout Iran. We spent three months ‘exploring the natural beauty of Northern Iran, as well a the arid Yazd desert and even had the chance to meet with some of the local nomads. My wife has gained a deep understanding and appreciation for Iranian culture, ‘and the people's hospitality Is indeed a defining Characteristic. While some may think that my wife was {vealed this well because she isnot Iranian, | can attest that | have traveled alone in iran for six months and hhave experienced the same kindness and warmth from the people. Ths kindness makes me proud. Bu it must be noted that many of the countr/s historical ‘monuments and ancient buildings must be appropriately cared for and are being lost dally. In contrast, despite losing many of their ancient monuments in Korea for various reasons, there are policies in place to protect. ‘and preserve what remains. My wife and | share the ‘common regret that Iran could benefit from similar measures to preserve thei ich cultural heritage.‘How have Koreans and Iranians reacted to your international marriage? Iran isa closed society where international films are not screened, and people do not travel much to other countries. As a result, Iran lags in keeping up with the developments of the world. In contrast to the swift pace of industrialization, Korea's social and cultural recognition has been slow to develop and has fallen behind. Statistics show that Iran ‘and Korea have poor ratings in accepting foreigners or non-natives, However, Iran's ranking in this regard is worse than Korea's. Despite this, my experience in Iran and Korea has not been marred by many racist encounters. Although, sometimes, explaining specific issues can be frustrating for those who need more knowledge and information Regarding your professional life, do you know of any other Iranian filmmakers who have also chosen South Korea as their destination for artistic activity? ‘As you may be aware, South Korea hosts many prestigious lm festivals yearly, providing ample opportunities for Iranian artists to ‘showcase their work. Its worth noting that an Iranian film wins an ‘award at 2 Korean festival every year. It is an excellent opportunity to meet other Iranian artists and socialize with them. However, | am ‘currently the only Iranian filmmaker residing and working in South Korea -albeit with a laugh: - But, if you do happen to know of someone, | would love to be introduced to them. Considering that you have followed a unique path as an Iranian artist, what do you think isthe best and worst aspect of filmmaking in Korea? ‘As | mentioned earlier, have experience in filmmaking in Iran, and Ind the fact that | don't have to obtain a license to make fms in South Korea to be the most appealing aspect ‘of working in the country. South Korea is highly ranked in terms of freedom of speech, particularly compared to other Asian countries, In South Korea, filmmakers have the freedom to approach and explore any subject, even if itis critical of the Korean government or of countries that have ‘lose relations with Korea. Therefore, to me, the best thing ‘about South Korea Is its establishment of democracy and liberty. In aig project | worked on, | could freely converse with famous artists like Tiger JK without any special permission. However, the downside of filmmaking in Korea is the high cost of production, which has sometimes forced me to finance my projects alone. Additionally, each ‘film work delves deep into a particular aspect of society, requiring a mastery ofthe language and culture of that society. Despite 37 iy relatively good understanding of the Korean language and culture, | sill encounter challenges due to the complexities of the language and cultural diferences, -Your recent work "Land of Demons" is a fantastic and imaginative piece. We thoroughly enjoyed and learned much from its screening at the Tehran South Korean ambassador's residence. Could you share with us what inspired you to delve into the fiold of the environment? To be honest, | didnt specifically “choose” to work in the field of environment as | have always "lived" in it. However, as inhabitants of this small planet, we all share the privilege of living in a time when humans have managed to thrive. Its incomprehensible to me that some people dont care about the environment. Continuously pouting the earth, generating waste, and damaging it are senseless actions that make lif cfficut forall ving beings, including ourselves. Therefore, its crucial forall of us to play our part in protecting the earth ‘As an artist, your creations are profoundly introspective and always leave the viewer contemplating the subject matter and Its unique interpretation. Out of all your works, which ones do you hold closest to your heart? He said humbly: - Actually, I am not a famous filmmaker. However, | have tried to gain different experiences in the documentary genre and storyteling fie. One of my most exciting experiences was making “Litle Plant” on Jeju Island, with narration from the perspective of 2 ‘seeding. | also created an experimental documentary called "2132 People See,” which used CCTV footage from Ukraine. ‘Another unique experience was making "Land of Demons.” With nature in decline, valuable traditions like Iranian Naga land Korean Pensuri are being forgotten. Therefore, | ‘combined these traditional storyteling methods with the environment category to create a unique work that had never been made before, Lastly, we would be delighted to hear any other thought-provoking opinions that you would like to share with the readers of our cultural section magazine. It important that we dont comment on communities and issues that we dont have enough information about. Just listening to a few songs or reading a few news aries isnt enough to understand a society and express interest or disgust. Therefore, \we should be more silent, read more, and learn more. In the 10th issue of Four Seasons, we had the pleasure of featuring an interview with Mr. Schell. His conversation was inspiring and crucial, as he shared his unique perspective and his creative works. 38‘On September 9th, the cultural section of the Korean embassy hosted a cooking ‘workshop featuring Iranian and Korean cuisine, along with a humanitarian event attended by ton honored quests. These guests were randomly selected from among the Participants of the cultural sector competition. This was a chance to create a delightful memory for them and appreciate their efforts. The experience also had a humanitarian aspect to it. In this event, the cultural section's followers participated in cooking dishes alongside the quests via Instagram Live. During the workshop, Mr. Ali Asghar Panj, the Iranian chef of the embassy, patiently and kindly taught the live viewers and ten quests Present at the embassy how to cook two dishes: Korean Hobakjeon and Iranian pumpkin kuku. He also highlighted the differences and similarities between the two dishes. In the following, we have provided the recipes for these delicious dishes so you can easily ‘access them anytime. avjes Gharavi AND APPETIZING CUISINES Hobakjeon's Recipe ‘The authentic recipe for Hobakjeon is pretty simple. To start, cut the pumpkins into Circular slices. Note that one egg is added per pumpkin. Combine flour, salt, and pepper ina separate container and roll the pumpkin rings in flour before dipping them in the egg mixture. Then, fry each ring separately in a pan with a small amount of ol on both sides Lntil they turn golden. Koreans also value food presentation, so for a beautiful touch, add 1 skinny slice of red pepper to each ring after arranging them in the pan. You can use ‘ther vegetables, such as chives, to make them more delectable, Iranian Pumpkin Kuku Recipe For this recipe, grate the pumpkins and mix them with ‘an egg per pumpkin. Also, for every two pumpkins adc spoonful of flour to the egg mixture. Add spices - turmeric, garlic powder, and salt. Spread in a pan and fry until golden on both sides. Enjoy! At the end of the Instagram Live, some diplomats and employees from the embassy visited the cultural section to try the dishes that filed the Korean embassy with their pleasant aroma. The ambassador and a diplomat welcomed the honored guests and briefly Visited the workshop as well. While tasting Hobekjan from one of the participating teams, the diplomat who ‘accompanied Ambassador Yoon was surprised by Its spiciness and jokingly said in Farsi, “I didn’t think Iranians like such spicy food! This food is not Korean The audience in the embassy’ cultural section laughed at his joke, and the Participants were reminded to use thinly sliced red pepper to decorate Hobakjeon for a milder flavor. ‘After the Instagram Live, this cultural event did not fend. The cultural department's guests and colleagues collaborated to make Kuku sandwiches for a children's charity. During this event, the charity director thanked the cultural department and ‘met with Mr. Kim Jong-un, the counselor of the cultural department of the embassy. ‘Aller the cooking event, the guests of honor present at the embassy - who were mainly participants of the Hanbok design competition - got the chance to try on and experience wearing the Hanbok. They took souvenir photos with these colorful garments, received gifts, and then headed home, In the following pages of this magazine issue, you will read a summary of the FSOK's editorial board interview with the guests of honor at the cooking fevent, along with the winners of the Hanbok ‘competition, who were present at the July Sejong Institution of Tehran's speech competition held at the ambassador's residence so you can discover the secret behing the vital interest of these young arists in traditional Hanbok clothing 40‘The frst sep in explaining he path of economic and industrial development of societies is Oe woes toon aed De nee eC eee et ia Ife. The basis of the educational structure in all nations is based on awarenes Cee ees n ng the consolidated policies of the government. inthis aril, South Korea's education system, including compulsory educat Oe eee See Le eee eco T Coogi ee ee eee eeu the compulsory education system, but its essential role in developing the creativity and Oe eae eae ee ee ee) || ol Ineludible Advancement a note from the researcher Motahareh Mozafari Eee) 41 Elementary schools. In 1895, the educational reform code was issued with the approval of parliament members and under the supervision of the ‘government; According to this amendment, the Korean education system was changed to the 33-6 system, and nine years of compulsory elementary and junior high schoo! education was approved for the general public. The purpose of approving compulsory education has been to benefit all people from basic principles and information and. to prepare forthe life of a citizen. Thanks to the ‘government's measures in the field of education, South Korea's school enrollment rate reached 99.9%, an amazing statistic that can be found even in a less developed country ‘According to the provisions of the above-mentioned regulation, every six-year-old Korean child is required to spend six years of public elementary education in public or private schools, It should be noted that compulsory education in public schools of the Republic of Korea is completely free, and there is no difference between the educational content of public and private schools. Fer erie it octane tes tete saree ect Covely the begining of the academe tem, and Feuay is heen of he academic tom. Taig then ve dey a wes, om Monday o Fin, feel seca eles re ere eee day. nh rer roan seconde tudes stay in School for 8 rou hd an fou grade Suen for hous, and th and shade stdeis fr 7 (earn Tah trio ibe lc Ff ring ted seri ae hen ton mui f fet ov fry mints of tncing, Atta ox doses a et 2, a sien rn ace waka ely $a) tees aoe 08 eonasn, nd Bo eel br fore efit fy mic to felon can, 7) proison of chee meels@ mendeay 2Educational content The ministy of Education has arranged the academic content of each elementary school according to the cognitive development level of children Primary education is generally based on teaching basic skils, including reading, writing, active listening, understanding speaking, diagnosing and analyzing problems, and doing basic calculations; In addition, the teacher tries to strengthen the ability of problem-solving, ‘mutual communication and workgroup in the students as well as help them to reach implicit knowledge about their existence, their place in society and Understanding of the living environment. The teacher is obliged to introduce the students to the principles of healthy living and physical and mental health while teaching the above-mentioned items. Most ofthe frst and second-grade courses are dedicated to mathematics, Korean language, and fe skills education. In adltion to the above three, the students of the third to sixth grades lear social studies, English language, physical education, experiment sciences, art and music. B Extracurricular classes are also held outside of official teaching hours. Attendance at extracurricular courses is ‘completely optional, and the hours are often varied for each student as requested by working parents. It is worth noting that the governments support plans to help students who do not have financial means are implemented by the financial support system of each school In this way, the goveriment gives educational assistance to underprivileged students. Inthe following, we will read a note by Dr. Motahareh Mozafari, @ researcher in Global and Regional studies, describing the primary education system in South Korea, "At the end of each year, students usually have no end-of-semester exam to pass in order to go to a higher ‘education level In this system, students 90 from one level to @ higher level without being forced to pass the exam. However, at the end of elementary school, there is an exam that prepares the students to enter the first secondary school, The score of this exam is very Influential in determining theie enrollment into the best school All schools have soccer fields, basketball halls, and athletic fields Al primary schools are equipped with libraries, study rooms, laboratories and, in some cases, music halls. While entering the school, students are required to take off their shoes and wear special sandals inside the school Elementary students have no such thing as homework, and ‘they put their books in the desk drawer before leaving school and never take them home with them. It is intriguing that the students do not have a shuttle service to and from school, and they commute by walking themselves; This walk takes a maximum of 10 minutes. Due to the background of Confucian culture that has existed in Korea for a long time, schools always emphasize respect for elders. This respect involves a hierarchy, and anyone who is younger is obliged to speak respectfully to the elders. Students in schools only play and talk with their peers; Therefore, older and younger children do not have friendly relations with each other, and this situation continues even outside the school environment and into adulthood. In the school environment, students address each other, especially their elders, with les such as brother and sister. Education in South Korea has been necessary since ancient times, and even in the era ‘when Koreans were in a weak economic situation, most of the expenses were spent on their children's education, in such a way that they would make cutbacks from food and clothing budgets to provide the cost oftheir children's education. They believe education leads to the growth and acquisition of social status and wealth. Even today, most of the family's expenses are spent on this issue." 44the pioneer of a smart public transportation system Negar Nekouei Fard With the rapid expansion of cities in recent decades, the dynamism and speed of ‘movement has also become vital. However, daily commuting in today’s hectic life remains difficult, exhausting, and challenging for many people in the word, At the same time, the se of public transportation despite crowding, inadequate air conditioning, and even in some cases the problems of the method of payment, long routes, as well as insufficient infrastructure, encourages many people to use private cars; This also leads to problems: such as traffic on the streets and roads and environmental issues, Today, with the advancement of technology and communication technology, many governments in different countries have taken practical steps to increase people's tenthusiasm for public transportation. One of the pioneer countries in improving and increasing the quality of this industry is South Korea. The vibrant city of Seoul is famous for its modem and inteligent public transportation system using the most up-to-date technologies in the world, and it considers the comfort and relaxation of passengers as the primary goal of serving its people, Transportation systems in Seoul and nearby cities are designed to connect bus, subway, and taxi routes: throughout the city. Since about one milion people from the surrounding towns travel to ‘Seoul for daily activities, this route connection has also extended to the towns around the 45 capital. In addition to standard air conditioning in metros and city buses, heated seats, wireless charging ports, and free Wi-Fi are among the facilities that the city authorities have considered {or the comfort of thei passengers. Furthermore, taking the necessary measures to develop the infrastructure of busy routes, the South Korean authorities have considered several services to ensure the integrity of citizens travel; The expansion of digital systems in controling the quality of public services, ease and diversity in the way of paying fees using only one card forall pubic vehicles such a buses, subways, taxis and bicycles, 25 well as intelligent software are among these services. (On the other hand, smart cameras installed on the surface of metro stations check the number and speed of passengers, and the study of these data smoothes the adjustment of time and speed of services and reduces the possibilty of imbalance in supply and demand. Sensors placed in trains and rails also monitor components and check their need for repair for possible failures. Inthe city, trafic cameras are active all over Seoul, and in case of any accident, they automatically take photos and send them to traffic apps. In this situation, alterative routes for traffic control are provided to citizens. 46 ‘Another innovation in South Korea's public transportation system is the preparation and development of infrastructure for the enty of self-riving buses; It can be said that Seout's long- term plan isto create the word's first 5G driverless vehicle network. According to the authorities planning, passengers can ‘choose their destination and stopping point through some smartphone software \while using this type of bus. ‘The wireless electric bus system is also fone of the other plans the Seoul ‘government is considering and launching nationwide. For years, the Korean government has been investigating the development of electric vehicle charging technology, whereby optimized roads transfer power to electric vehicle (OLEV) ‘buses and charge them en route. With the daily modemization and Improvement of equipment and ‘machinery, the creation of new transportation networks, and huge investments in infrastructure and technology development in the public transportation system, South Korea has: provided favourable conditions for people's comfort. Although Seoul and the county's officials have a long way to reach a perfect system, despite all the problems and challenges, they are leading the way in upgrading the Inteligent public transportation system,Chuseok Full Moon Zahra Senmobammadion Chuseok (#41) is one of the biggest tradltional ry holidays in Korea. During this three-day holiday, Koreans celebrate the autumn harvest. The word Chuseok means "Autumn Evening" and its date ‘changes every year in the Gregorian calendar However, Chuseok holiday is always celebrated on the 18th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar, ‘on which the moon is fll. Therefore, symbols related to the moon are found in abundance in foods, games, songs and customs of this day. In this article, we ‘examine how the image of the full moon is reflected in these traditions. The main dish of Chuseok is Songpyeon (28). Songpyeon is a type of rice cake made from sesame ‘seeds, black beans, mung beans, cinnamon, pine rut, walnut, chestnut, jujube, and _ honey. Songpyeon's shape is often reminiscent of the ‘escent moon. A question that may pop up is that on the day when the moon is full, why is rice cake served in the shape ofa crescent moon? 47 During Baekje era (st), a sentence was found engraved on the back of a turtle with this content that * Backie is the full moon and Silla is the crescent moon." Later, when the Silla (12H) dynasty succeeded in defeating Baekje and unifying the Korean peninsula, the crescent moon became a symbol of victory. The crescent moon eventually becomes a bright and beautiful full moon, while the opposite of this state occurs for the full moon. For this reason, Koreans believe that the crescent moon symbolizes a bright future and a move towards evolution. On Chuseok day, families gather and eat rice cakes in the shape of a crescent moon under the luminance of the full moon, hoping to have @ future — brimming with ight just tke the full moon, One of the traditional games played on the night of Chuseok is called Ganggangsullae (2! ‘@Bel). This tradition, which is also registered as the UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage, presents an artistic combination of dance, song and play to the audience. Hanbok-clad women move in a crcular motion hand in hand under the moonlight, singing and playing. This same circle is another symbol ofthe full moon, The name ofthis game Is derived from the phrase "Ganggangsullae" which is constantly repeated inthe lyric of the song and has no special meaning; but the reference to the moon in other parts of the song is quite tangible. Somewhere in the song, they address the moon and sing: "Oh moon, ch moon, ch bright moon, oh moon that shines in the galaxy and the land” Often played in South Jeolla Province (32%), this game is continued all night and aims to pray for a bountiful harvest. ‘The representation of the moon is also visible in a children's song that is sung on the day of Chuseok. The lyric ofthis song, whichis called "Moon", begins lke this: "Moon, moon, which moon? The moon thats round lke a tray." “Where does it come up? It comes up on the Namsan Mountain.” On the day of Chuseok, children sing this song with their parents and have a merry time. ‘This shows thatthe symbol of the moon is not only included in the traditions ofthe elders; but also appears in children’s songs. Moreover, there is a belie that if you make a wish hile looking at the full moon of Chuseok, your wish will be granted. This opinion is ‘another manifestation of the significance of the Chuseok moon in the modem Korean society Koreans believe that the full moon of Chuseok isthe brightest moon ofthe year. Also, this holiday has the most suitable weather for harvesting fruitful crops; thus, there is a saying, “Wish not for more or less but just ie Chuseok.” which implicates that, ike Chuseok, ‘when the harvest is bountiful, your wishes should also be great; so, this year, when you look atthe full moon, make heartfelt wishes as big as Chuseok. We hope all your wishes. come true! 48Treasured Taste; Lar tie Mee em Clee g ‘Juno, also known as the spotted sardine or dotted gizzard shad, is a small saltwater fish found primarily in Korea's South and West seas. The Chinese character for Juno (38) literally translates to "money fish". Ths fish is highly regarded for its delicious taste and Popularity, to the point where even during tough economic times, Korean people would stil consume it despite its hefty price. Juno is @ popular fish in Korea due to its unique ‘characteristics. Unlike other fish, Juno has a mild fragrance and soft flesh, making it easy to eat It also has a unique texture that is not slippery, which adds to its appeal Moreover, Juno is known as an autumn meal in Korea, for the fall catch is the most dolicious kind. ‘Additionally, Juno is enjoyed beyond Korea, as itis served raw in Japan as a type of sushi. Grilled Juno is popular in Korea, along with raw Juno. The smell of cooking griled Juno has given rise to numerous proverbs and cultural references in Korean culture. Reviewing them showcases a journey through the history and culture of this mysterious land. In the folowing, we will explore four Korean proverbs that feature Juno fish 2B 7holol 8171 2501 ZO! AHS Aofo} S= L}o| oa ‘A person who went to the Han River to commit suicide gave up his decision when he sensed the smell of autumn Juno, 49 The origin of this famous phrase goes back to a comic written and illustrated by the renowned artist Ha Youngman (613 2H), In one of his known comics, called Shiggeg (M2H), which is a narrative of the competition between two professional chefs of Korean cuisine, he included the sentence above in his story. AS a result, Juno ig also one of the Korean dishes that has. gained increasing popularity thanks to this work ‘oj stofofo| saret ef12| ofcfch. The flavor of one Juno is so delicious that it can be enjoyed alongside ten bowls of tice. There is a proverb in English that says: “Don't judge a book by its cover.” In Persian, a similar proverb states, “Don't see how small a pepper is; break it to see how sharp itis." The interpretation is that things may appear small or insignificant but can be significantly impactful For example, Juno fish is a type of fish that is incredibly tasty and flavorful. In fact, one fish can be used to flavor ten bowls of rice, and just a tiny amount of itis enough to flavor several bowls of rice. Molt ofLe| Az Z of0] af 6471 FAD onc. Juno should be eaten behind a locked door when the bride visits her family The message behind this proverb is that Juno, a type of delicacy, is so valuable that we should refrain from sharing it with ur brides, who may not appreciate its worth, Instead, we should enjoy it in privacy, even going as far as locking the doors to ensure we are not disturbed, 50 BUR OF Mole welol Ich ‘The scent of Juno has the power to bring back even the bride who has left her home, According to surviving documents, the provers origin date back to the CChosan era. While it caries a derogatory tone towards brides and highlights the sexist context of that time, it also Underscores the alluring taste and aroma ff Juno. Historical studies indicate a different reason for the bride's return home. Thera is a tale from ancient Japan about a commander who desired to ‘marry a young woman against her wil To prevent this, the woman's. father substituted @ Juno fish for his daughter's body and declared her dead to the ‘commander. It is believed in Japan that the smell of burning Juno resombles ‘burning corpses. Thus, itis hypothesized that the bride who passed away retuned home not to eat Juno but to see what happened when she smelled the scent of 1 corpse. It is possible that this prover originated in Japan. To sum up, it is clear why Juno is a popular fish in South Korea due to cultural implications regarding its taste during the fall season.Negar Nekouei Fard Dominion of Autumn in Seoul Olympic Park The capital of South Korea, Seoul, is the dream city of those who love Korean culture. A town that has in its heart the past, the present, and the latest developments in the modem life of the people of this land. Traditional symbols and buildings that are a reminder remind of the rich history of South Korea are interwoven with towers and modern urban fabric, attractive shopping malls, and live scenes from various aspects of Korean culture such as music, street dance, beauty industry, and fashion. On the other hand, convenient transportation systems and advanced information and communication technology have made ‘Seoul an attractive and intelligent city in the world ‘One of the most stunning tourist attractions in Seoul is "Olympic Park" (22/2 2) abbreviated as "Olpark" (24), which can be called the legacy of the 1988 ‘Summer Olympic Games. This park, located in the "Jamsil" area, contains the ‘most prominent sports stadium in South Korea. The approximately 1.45 million ‘square metered area of the Olympic Park covers the land that once housed the historic Mongchontoseong Castle and the man-made Mongchonhaeja Lake from the early Baekje period. This huge park is divided into several small parks with different themes and ‘spaces, including a sports park, an art and culture park, an ecological park, a historical experience park, etc., with separate entrances, and exploring it will take at least three hours. It takes a while so take your time and indulge in the beauty. Also, many residents of the capital of South Korea usually spend their {ree time there to avoid the hustle and bustle of city life. It can be said that the reign of the autumn season in this big park is amazing, especially in the months of September and October. The Olympic Park in autumn brings stunning views to visitors and every comer of it becomes @ work of art. The wildflower garden, whose fields are full of bright red poppies in the spring, gives way to the orange and pink flowers of Cosmos. The "Rose Garden” is located a litle far from the wildflower garden, in the vicinity of the Korea Art Hall. This garden is suitable for lovers and those who want to experience a romantic walk on a cold autumn evening.One of the hottest autumn trends among Koreans is to take photos of the "Pink Muhly Grass". With the arrival of autumn, these beautiful grasses appear all over the Korean peninsula, and their flowering lasts from late September to early November. The popularity of this beautiful pink grass attracts many people from all over the country to the Olympic Park. "One Tree Hill" is another attraction of this huge park. A lone tree in the middle of a large meadow is a popular spot to capture romantic moments through the camera lens of enthusiasts. The peak of the fall season, when the yellow leaves of the ginkgo trees cover the ground, brings ‘one of the most popular walking trails for locals in Seoul Olympic Park, named the Golden Ginkgo Road. This eye-catching view is ‘one of the main photography 33 spots for young Koreans But this park's most famous and unique structure is the "Gate of World Peace". Between 1986 and 1988, the great Korean architect "Kim Chung-up" (2) built this building to convey the slogan and concept of the 1988 Seoul Summer Olympic Games, which is "peace and harmony", and demonstrate a symbol of the Korean people's strength to the world Under the wings that are placed on the pillars of this structure, there is a wall painting called “Painting of Four Spirits" with an image of a phoenix, turtle, tiger, and a dragon as the guardian spirits of this gate ascending to heaven, which represents the power and it depicts the freedom of Koreans; Also under the gate is the Etemal Flame of the 1988 Summer Paralympics and the Declaration of Peace, calling for universal harmony and happiness for all citizens of the world,Gangneung Coexistence of Nature and Architecture Niloofar Fattahi, Fatemeh SaGangneung City (2/84), located on the east coast of Korea and 150km {rom the capital, is considered one of the popular tourist destinations of this ‘country. It has been the birthplace of many prominent scientists and artists throughout history. This city, with its intersection of oid traditions with authentic Korean arts, while having a variety of natural attractions, has also ‘created many eye-catching visual attractions that beckon many domestic ‘and foreign tourists to visit every year. Along with the booming tourism industry, the city of Gangneung hosts many famous events, such as the “PyeongChang 2018 Olympic Winter Games". In this article, we will review the history ofthis adventurous city and explore its renowned tourist areas. So stay with ust Gangneung Over Time Gangneung, lke other cities in the peninsula of Korea, has witnessed the ambush of various groups throughout history and therefore has undergone many changes. This city, in ancient times, was the homeland of the people ‘of Yeraek (4) and, after that, was called the land of Wiman Joseon (#1 EM) unll 128BC. The city entered the Goguryeo's territory along with the conflict over the throne’s usurpation. The Gangneung we know today was occupied by the Silla Dynasty in 639, and its name changed to Sokyeong (22), and more than a century later, it was rebuilt in 757 and named Seongju (44%). ST Songju was also not the last offical tite of this city, and its name was changed to Myeongju (213) once again. In 1423, which coincided with the. Sth year of the reign of King Sejong the Great, the general name of the yn was changed into Gangwon Province (2!21°=) by merging Myeongju and some other cities that were considered critical miltary-administrative Centers of the time. Finally, folowing all these changes, by combining the two different regions from this area in 1995 this eventful city was titled «Gangneung.» Exploring Gangneung ‘The coastal city of Gangneung has been called the »Center of Cultural and Education in Eastern Korea for several years, This city is also known as. the »Pine City of Koreaw due to the presence of unique pine trees that are. more than five hundred years old, but the fame of this city is not limited to these. The two beaches, Gyeongpo (344) and Anmok (25%dH¥), which are famous places in South Korea for watching the sunrise, Hasila ‘At World (8210/8) and a particular part of it called Pinocchio Museum and Anbandegi Village (2H:C47I) are only a fraction of the: landmarks of Gangneung. This city’s combination of eye-catching nature and elegant architecture has made it one of the favored places for Korean directors to film their artworks. Until today, you have probably watched this city in the frame of popular series such as «Goblin» and «Mr. Sunshine». 58‘The photo ofthe iconic bus stop on the cover ‘of BTS's popular song «Spring Day» was ‘also taken in this city. These places along with the hidden attractions of Gangneung are ‘counted among the countless reasons to visit this city Ojukhaon House (25th) Since the architecture of tradtionel Korean houses always attracts the attention of many visitors, we also decided to start our adventure in Gangneung with one of them. If you go back a few pages tothe Pecigree of Prodigy article, you will get to know the admired characters ofthe legendary Korean ast Shin Saimdang and his son, Lee Yi, who is considered one of the most famous scientists ofthe Joseon Dynasty. Ojukheon's house was @ private residence bul and designed between 1300-1440AD by a ‘scholar named Choi Chi-un (4|*|2). This building, the birthplace of Shin Saimdang and his son Lee Yi, is Korea's oldest wooden residential structure with an underfloor heating system, Due to its antquiy and worth, it was included inthe list of national treasures in 1963, The name of the main room of Ojukheon called »Mongnyonge (8B 4), which is the room where Lee Yi was bom, now represents the Ojukheon on its ‘own. This property has been converted into museum and its image is stamped on the 5000W banknote. In this house, two copies of Lee's handwritten books, along with his mothers artworks, are archived and on display fr visitors. Undeniably it would be a valuable experience for tourist to visit them at least once. A small part of the beauty of this historical and exceptional residence is depicted in the series »Saimdang Memoir of Colorsx (2171 Wel, AIRIEN, which we recommen watching 39 Seongyojang House (12) ‘Another traditional house in South Korea, which, similar to Ojukheon, is considered a part of the country’s national treasures, is the Seongyojang House. This. construction, built in the Joseon era, has been the residence of the high-ranking family of Lee Nae- Beon (9It) for 300 years. The combination of the beauty of this residence and the surrounding ature has created an eye- catching sight that attracts many tourists to visit there. Although this lant mansion with several buildings has now been converted info a museum, the descendants of Lee stil ive in some parts of it The remaining regions have also become a valuable source for research on the “Ifestyle of high- ranking families of the Joseon Dynasty." While visiting this residence, you can also experience a cne-night stay in its time-honored historical rooms. If you do not have the chance to see this marvelous house any time soon, we suggest you watch the K-Drama »The Princess's Mane (221 Ah) instead, in which this house is beautifully cinematized. Gangneung Coffee Street (4BAM| Hel) Since the early 90s, the presence of old cafes and coffee vending ‘machines on one of the half-klometer long streets of this city, which is located next to Anmok Beach, has gathered many people in this area and given them something to remember. Over the years, however, only three of the coffee vending machines bedeck the street and are reminiscences of those days. Not only has this street not fallen from prosperity; But now, its name has been changed to »Coffee Streete, its old cafes have given their place to modern cones, and besides being one of the ‘most popular attractions in the city for domestic and foreign tourists, it accounts for 70% of Gangneung's ‘economy. Also, thanks to this street, the tle »Coffee City of Korea belongs to Gangneung. In addition to countless cafes, the coffee museum is another attraction of this famous street, where you can see all the coffee-making processes up close or experience them personally and take various training courses under the supervision of famous masters If you travel to Gangneung someday, remember to visit Gangneung Coffee Street as a last stop to your adventure Jn this city. Indeed, the coalesced experience of grabbing a drink in a ‘space infused with the aroma of coffee along with a view of the clear sea and blue sky is a pleasant idea and will ‘make your trip even more memorable!Pedigree oi Prodigy Nota Fata, Zara Sam x Shin Saimdang was a famous painter, calligrapher, poet and writer of the Joseon Dynasty who not only many of her artworks stil remains, but also many {generations inherited her intellectual and moral legacy through the centuries. Lady Saimdang’s son, Lee Yulgok, was also a prominent scientist and a noble philosopher who played an active role in determining the polical path of King ‘Sanju’s government. In the following article, we are going to dissect the main aspects of the lives of these two historical figures and their professional challenges through the 16th century of the Korean Peninsula, The Sparkle of Courage and Wisdom ‘On October 28th, 1504, Shin In-Seon (42144) was born into an educated family in Gangneung city (2#8-)) as the second child. Her mother, Lady Yi, was one of the daughters of a famous scholar named Lee Seo-on (0144), who, contrary 10 the custom of the patriarchal society of the Joseon Dynasty, had learned various aspects of science from her father. 6 Although In-Seon's father, Shin Myeong-Hwa (41S, was not involved in the political affairs of the time, he was a government official of the Joseon Dynasty, and due to his job, he spent more than a decade in Seoul away from his family.The scientific and literary atmosphere in Shin's parents’ house increased her interest in learning various sciences such as Confucianism, literature, history, and different arts like calligraphy, painting, and embroidery, thus when she started artistic activities more professionally she entiled herself »Shin Saimdang« (A14f21S!), At that time, in educated families, it was customary for the father to pass on his knowledge to his son, However, Shin's father had no other children except In-Seon and her other four sisters. When her father saw Shin's talent and interest in leaming, he broke this long- standing tradition and taught her all the science and art he knew. The emergence of venturesomeness in her father’s behavior took root in Shin's entity. It made her different from other women and girls of her time and completely changed her and her children's lives. However, Shin's father’s controversial beliefs were not limited to his children's Lpbringing. In that period, unlike the majority of Joseon's aristocratic families, called yangban (28), who preferred their daughters to marry a rich man, Shin's father's ‘most important condition forher marriage was that her husband must not limit her as ‘@ woman and hinder her progress. With all these interpretations, Shin's father's choice was to give her hand to Commander Lee Won-su (0181+), an educated man ‘who, despite having a suitable family background, was considered unprosperous at the time. Lee accepted the condition and vowed never to restrict Shin's growth, Finally, the two married on August 15th, 1522, while Shin was 19. But this happiness did not last long as her father passed away that year. Feeling responsible for caring {or her sick mother, Shin ved in her parents’ house long after her marriage and even gave birth to her son Lee Yi (0101) there. With the birth of her ather children, Shin was Constantly commuting between her parents’ home in Gangneung and her own home in Paju to fulfil her responsibilities as a child, mother, and wife. In the meantime, she ‘was not neglectful of creating various extraordinary and eye-catching artworks, and she was constantly trying to cary out all her responsibilities and reach her goals simultaneously. But this seemingly calm and successful life turned cold with the arrival of a Kisaeng (2128) named "Kwan," and gradually started to fall apart. Shin was not the type of ‘woman who would accept and adapt to betrayal and the presence of a third person in her marriage. The physical fatigue and mental weariness of caring for a sick mother and the upbringing and teaching of various sciences to eight children were dificult per se for Shin. In this situation, the betrayal was the final blow. The trauma caused by this incident was so heavy for Shin to bear that it made her extremely weak and caused her to be bedridden. Her son Li Yi, who was very attached to Shin, prayed for days on end for his mother’s health; with not even a slight improvement in her health, Shin's physical condition worsened, and finally, on May 17th, 1551, when she was only 46 years of age, she took her last breath. 2‘Shin Saimdang, whose image can be ‘observed on the 50,000 won banknote since 2009, was one of the few ‘contemporary women nicknamed "Wise Mother" due to her many sacrifices for her family. At a time when women did not have the right to develop their talents in 2 patriarchal society, Shin, while studying in various fields, did not stop playing a social role as an artist Until the last moments of her short life. More than 40 paintings and calligraphies are the legacy of this great woman and they are all on display for visitors in her Parents’ house called Ojukheon (2354), Which has now been turned into a museum. In addition to these artworks, her intelectual heritage, which is more than five hundred years old, iluminates the path of many freedmen. ‘The Young Researcher's Tale Yi was the son of Lady Shin Saimdang ‘and one of the prominent philosophers ‘and authors of the 16th century of the Joseon period. A moderate poltician ‘and a well-known researcher whose reputation spread all over Joseon. He was bom in a famous family, Yi |, also known as Lee Yulgok (01@3), had inherited his mothers unique talent and intelligence. He was so talented in the way that that he had finished studying the lessons of Confucius by the age of seven. Delighted by her young son's Unique expertise, Saimdang decided to help him to promote his studies. 8 Thanks 10 his unique talent and his mothers teachings, Lee took the palace slate exam when he was only a 13- year-old boy, stepping on the path of ‘success from a very young age. ‘About three years afer Lee's huge ‘success, he had become a young and well-known researcher who spent all his lifetime studying, researching and reaching higher scientific degrees day by day. However, at some point ‘Yulgok’s unstoppable train of progress came to a halt and on top of that his ‘motivation and happiness did not last long, He lost his dear mother; A very painful and bitter event that darkened his bright ‘and optimistic world, a traumatic event that hurt his professional ife. He was no longer a ively and motivated researcher, but quiet and isolated; he migrated to a place in Kumgang Mountain (224). After a while, he decided to resume his career; thus, he started to do some basic research about Buddhism in his endless solitude. Yulgok, a young and introverted student, left his isolation one day in his twenties, returned to the society and devoted all his time and education to the study of philosophy, literature, politics and Confucianism. Yulgok, a young and introverted student, left his isolation one day in his twenties, ‘etumed to the society and devoted all his time and education to the study of philosophy, literature, politics and Confucianism. His main thesis was centered on the politics and history of Confucius, the trump card of his ‘academic career. The young researcher had now become the unrivaled Conqueror of honor and the peerless scientist of the ages. Nine years after his second debut, he was employed in an important government job. Due to his special ‘mental ability and his vast academic experiences, he was appointed to many governmental positions. He traveled to the Ming as a document officer, and so as a iter and historian, he also played an essential role in the preparation of the Myeongjong (243) Annals. Now, almost all people of Joseon knew him as an honest scholar. Yulgok became a powerful pillar of politics by gaining many scientific. and literary experiences and honors. King Sanju (A), who had sensed a vacant spot of such a talented scholar in his court for a long time, called him to the court. Lee, who had the opportunity of a new experience, immediately accepted the king's invitation and thereby established his social status as a court politician. By coincidence, his appointing as a politician coincided with the conflicts of the royal family; The incident that opened his eyes to the world of politics; hence, he withdrawed from his position Awhile after he came back to his previous lfe as a scholar, he finally could regain his lost peace and depleted mental capacity. Yulgok’s soul was truly thirsty for learning ‘and understanding; Therefore, teaching Confucianism and philosophy, resuming research and writing research books was exaclly what he wished to do for the longest time, Five years went by and King Sanju invited Lee back to the court again. This time, Lee was more informed and aware about the King's politics. He was a fair poitcian and a Competent minister; For three consecutive years, he held positions such as the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Defense. He spent many days trying to maintain and moderate politics, recording important historical events, and keenly trying to show King Sanju a broader view of poles and social ustice. He was not only the minister and steward, but also the teacher of the king; He wrote a book entitled * Anthology of Wisdom Learning * and presented it to the king to be his guide for important governmental affairs. Due to the unstoppable political confcts between the courtiers and the royal family, the king's esponsibility and biased behavior became clearer to Lee. Despite al his endless efforts, there was no progress in resolving the courtiers’ issues, which is why it was a huge failure for him. Lee inevitably left the palace again. A year after his resignation, Lee passed away while he was living in his humble abode. King Sanju, affected and helpless by ths bitter incident, announced three days of public mourning ‘and was forced to accept his precious teacher's passing in 1584. During his 48-year long life, Lee Yoigok studied and researched in various fields. He was not only a wise statesman, but also a great writer and philosopher of his age and {an inimitable role model forall philosophers after him. Examining the documents and teachings ofthe 16th century indicates that he founded a new generation of politics; A policy based on awareness and a balanced combination of philosophy, art, medicine and literature, which was manifested in the height of elegance in his polices. His literary works and new ideas about history, literature and politics throughout the history of Korea would clarify the path of many historians. 64YiSeong-que A King Among People te: Zahra Sal In the past editions of the magazine, we talked about some parts of Korea's historical dynasties. Undeniably throughout history many people had essential roles in the foundation and survival of them. Many of those people changed history with their bravery. Some others recorded history through their art and literary works for people In the future. Inthe last edition of this magazine, a brief history of the Joseon dynasty (BM) and its founder, King Taejo (EM HH), was provided. Joseon is an Unforgettable name that exists in Korea's history. Therefore, the founder of this dynasty would naturally be famous in history. This article will familiarize you more with this person named Taejo. In 1336, a baby named Yi Seong-gye (0/471) was brought into this world. His family was unknown and did not belong to the upper class of society. When he was born, the society was not in a good condition and had many problems. Yi Seong-aye was skilful in martial arts. He used these skills to improve his life ‘and climb the social ladder. Yi Seong-gye was a powerful general in the Goryeo Dynasty, ‘and many of Goryeo's military forces praised and respected him. He overcame the Mongol invaders and Japanese pirates. His significant achievements resulted in people's attention and respect for him. Based on some documents, Yi Seong- ye was not as willing to sit on the throne as many other powerful people during history. However, the requests and desire of his followers and ‘many people persuaded him to sit in power. Finally, in 1392, he founded the Joseon Dynasty and became the first king of that nation Tee 4h Re | atey Hid Not surprisingly, Yi Seong-gye chose Joseon as the name of his new dynasty. This name with its historical root represented Gojoseon (24) or Old Joseon. After his ascendancy, he titled himself Taejo. Throughout history and to this day he is known by this name. His six-year reign was ‘one of the best periods in Joseon's history 66Based on some documents, the majority always wished for a king such as Yi Seong- ‘gye. As well as some prophecies, some poets of that time have written poems about King Taejo. Jeong Do-jeon was one of these poets who devoted his works of art to Taejo, such as the poem “Dreaming of a Golden Ruler. In this piece, a divine creature gives Yi Seong-aye a golden ruler. One of King Taejo's politcal, cultural, and social acts was making Confucian Philosophy a central phenomenon in Joseon’s politics and society. Taejo was highly interested In Confucian ideologies, and people who studied them were praised and ‘accepted by him. Changing the capital city to Hanyang (22) was another of Taejo's actions. Moreover, King Taejo's final decision in selecting his crown prince differed significantly from the last kings of Goryeo's dynasty. According to some records, despite the people and courtiers’ expectations, Taejo’s older son was not announced a crown prince, but he declared his ten-year-old son as the next king, His older sons had fought beside their father for the foundation and independence of Joseon, thus people mostly had another presumption about the next king. Therefore, Taejo's sudden decision shocked everyone. He believed that the most deserved kin were suitable to reign after him, hence he did not want to maintain the tradition of ‘announcing the older son as crown prince. While so many people were happy with their new king, a majority were against his reign and polis. 67 ‘One of the reasons behind that negative viewpoint toward him could be his family roots and his social status. It is said that those negative mindsets did not affect Taejo because he successfully proved his abilities. For good measure Yi Seong-gye like many powerful people punished his opponents and enemies, King Taejo gave many of his entourage different job opportunities in the royal court and gifted them ‘wealth. Despite that its claimed that this was not true about his sons the reason being that he was worried about the publics backlash if he ‘gave wealth and high positions to his sons. There Is a formal handwritten text by King Taejo. This document can be regarded as his will for his young daughter because, in the text, he gives orders to build a luxurious house for his daughter so that she and her descendants can lve there. During his period of rule, there were several portraits of King Taejo but now, it ‘seems that only one of them is preserved. This portrait represents the whole figure of Taejo in which he sat on his royal seat wearing a blue royal robe. This picture is ‘an exact imitation of the original, It is Understood that his fleld of vision is towards the viewers in a way that he seems to be staring at them. His magnificence is shown by the dragon design on his royal robe. Moreover, the sage of the blue and orange colors and geometric shapes in drawing the royal seat and palace ground have added to the splendor of the portrait Reading Korea's history reminds us of the Korean historical series. Therefore, to wrap up, we are going to travel to the K-drama word, “Six Flying Dragons" ( 0] L} 2A\) is a Korean series made in 2015, The plot of this series tells the story of Yi Seong-gye and his children and shows. ‘some problems and events that existed in the last years of the Goryeo dynasty and the existing obstacles for founding Joseon. Hence, this drama can be helpful for those who are interested in history The history that we study now is the result of the acts and great decisions of our ancestors. Through that, learning various parts of their ives may have the same values as studying history. This article represented some small pieces of the life of Joseon's founder, King Taejo. This person proved his competence as Yi Seong-aye. ‘and become one of the most powerful Kings in history 68Destruction of the body of domination A glance at the life and artistic life of Nam June Paik ‘Saeed Bahmanpoor, Nays Gharavi Nam June Paik's memories of his country were limited to Japan's Ce ce a ea eee eee Lise eed Re a ec) Dene et UR relocated to Japan. Nam June's aunt worked tirelessly as a housernaid in their residence, but Nam June's father did not treat her with respect, Cee eee ea eT eee eee eee wound on him, However, in Nam June's life his exposure to domination Cee ea en eee studies just as the construction of the Berlin Wall began. The wall stood POO Cee Care death. He had hoped for the unification of the two Koreas and the Beet Nam June Paik's artistic life was centered ‘around the theme of communication - a concept that was distorted in his personal life, both on a small and large scale. Being born as ‘a Korean man during the most complex historical period of the peninsula, Paik faced rejection from his family as he chose not to pursue their family business. Despite these challenges, he became a prominent artist whose legacy stil lives on. Nam June left South Korea at a young age. Even after retuming 30 years later, he feared arrest for his letst past. He never considered any land his homeland and even vehemently opposed ‘nationalism and patriotism, ‘Simply put, Paik was an immigrant forced to leave his home, who traveled through different countries, learning various languages. in ‘search of his lost communication and sense of belonging. However, based on the accounts ‘of people who knew him, he spoke ‘incomprehensibly in all these languages, from English to Italian. This suggests that the ‘communication he lost in his childhood cannot be regained elsewhere. Nam June Paik's legacy lives on in the world of art. He revolutionized the postmodern era of art by introducing a new style that redefined ‘communication. He built his reputation as a master of everyone's understanding. No longer under anyone's domination, he has built his own house in the land of art. Nam June Paik’s originality highlights the void for Korean art in our magazine. The first part of this section will provide an overview of Nam June Paik’ artistic journey; who is considered the father of Video Art and a pioneer in the ‘postmodernism movement. ‘What happens when someone with a doctorate in Hegelian philosophy and Renaissance music transforms into an artist who defies convention and establishes their 70 ‘own style in contemporary art? Why is it that when one delves into the distant past, they not only reject the past but also the future and present? Violins will be broken, and at the same time, TVs will burn in the fire, To find the answer, we must delve into the past. The 1960s were dominated by the posimoderists, who rose against the standard-bearers of the modern era and created one Cf the most influential periods in art history. While modernists believed in a common language and absolute standards in art, postmodemists challenged both the classical definition of art and its presented forms. They ‘abandoned formalism and began to prioritize the expression of “meaning” in thelr works, leading to the emergence of, postmodernism. This movement brought about a revolution in art that no established rules could ccontain, inspiring young artists toexplore new forms and mediums. As a result, more than the traditional seven categories of classical art were needed to encompass the diversity of contemporary art. Art could now be born from any raw material and creative method, giving them ‘meaning or even removing their meaning Meanwhile, a group of artists known as "Fluxus," led by George Makonias and John Cage, an American musician and theorist, drew inspiration from Marcel Duchamp (a pioneer of postmodern art) and the Dadaists. They sought to create art that went against traditional art and was devoid of meaning. John Cage was known as one of the avant-garde artists of his time. He was heavily influenced by Buddhism and believed that every sound in nature is inherently beautiful. In his works, he utilized sounds randomly and extremely to create unique arrangements and structures of notes. John Cage accomplished another great work during this period. He brought a young man, born in a poor and war-tom country in 1932, closer to the goal he had in mind, The young man, Nam June Paik, was fascinated by music and, unlike others, Understood the complexity and innovation of Cage's works. Influenced by ‘Schoenberg, Cage recognized Paik's talent and helped him to develop his skils as a musician, paving the way for Paik’s future success. A Korean man, aged twenty-four, moved to Munich in 1956 after completing his Bachelor's degree in aesthetics from the University of Tokyo, Le Influenced by Marcel Duchamp and Cage, he combined music with violent, random, and deconstructive performances. From the outset, Paik challenged traditional music Practices and instruments by mixing them with screams, tapes, and sound effect. During the “Electronic Television” music exhibition in 1963, Palk introduced the concept of using television as a new and innovative medium. Unlike the traditional use of television as a passive and one-way medium, Paik utilized it as a tool to showcase the potential of technology in the future. Paik used magnets to create both abstract and specific pattems on a television screen, which challenged the mediums perceived inaccessibilly. During the same year, he also revealed a piece of animated, minimalist artwork known as "Zen for TV" or "Broken Television," contrasting the constant noise of typical television images. He also revisited Tokyo, where he had previously lived and studied. During this visit, he worked with Shoya Abe, a television technician and electronics engineer, to create a new form of art. Their collaboration resulted in the n development of the Paik-Abe Video Synthesizer, allowing them to manipulate images inreal time. In 1964, Nam June Paik immigrated to New York City, which tured out to be the ‘most significant period of his life. Despite facing several challenges, Paik’s journey was full of learning experiences. New York was a hub for artistic innovation and ‘experimentation during that period. George Makonias, the founder of Fluxos, also moved to New York to expand the group's activities there. Thus, Paik maintained contact with key figures in avant-garde art, including John Cage and other artists of the Fluxus movement, who also performed and exhibited in New York. A ite later, in 1965, Nam June purchased one of the earliest portable video recorders and began experimenting with it. This eventually resulted in the creation of what is now recognized as the first piece of video art, "The Electronic Highway.” The work quickly gained recognition in the art community and helped Paik overcome his financial struggles since emigrating, Moreover, Nam June collaborated with vilinist Charlotte Moorman during his time in New York, resulting in several noteworthy partnerships. Together, they created several performances that combined music, live performance, and video in innovative land groundbreaking ways. One of their notable collaborations was the “Television Cello” where Moorman played a cello made of televisions playing videos. Nam ‘June's work in New York City evolved to include installation pieces, which became his signature works. One such work was "Television Garden (1974), in which a room filed with live plants and television monitors challenged viewers to consider the relationship between nature and technology. In 1973, he created "World Channel,’ Which served as a model for multimedia works by combining various images, music, ‘and dances from around the world to foster communication between cultures. AS technology advanced in the 1980s and 1990s, Peck continued to push the boundaries of video art and remained an avant-garde artist. Paik’s well-known work, The Electronic Highway, became even more critical in the Internet age as it depicted ‘a world beyond his own, Nonetheless, it should be noted that Nam June's fame and unique position did not ‘come easily or overnight, Paik was a polyglot, but his accent was often challenging to ‘comprehend. In the same vein, i takes a lot of work to grasp the world he created as an artist, resulting in a long-standing history of harsh criticism towards his work, criticisms that were prevalent among postmodem artists of his era. “ifitis art, itis not for al, and if tis forall, tis not ar.” This quote from the Austrian progressive musician Amold Schoenberg could ‘summarize most postmodem artists’ history. However, to describe Nam June Paik’s life, one sentence should be added: “But they will all ove it in the end”; Because Paik was an artist who closed his eyes to all the hate so much that they eventually became love.< CHO NAM-JOO tw : How could we tak about the isolation wo used tobe inal those years? Answering this question obviously has exacted 2 heawy Price; the price of sacricing the ‘whole le of a woman or being ‘hatoss and boaton down aie fraught of discriminatory thoughts. In ‘oer words, wemens le is the main answer ofthis question. The Unfair, sl unknown, stl uno! However, there are women whom thoi bight thoughs about women's fights a increasingly pervading all ‘over the worl, They are all the ‘exponents of women who ae iving in an unbelievable una condition ‘0, some of them are to be the Bioneers in this great step through ‘changing people's éscriminatory ‘sights. Cho Namco, pioneered in wing feminist stores, answered the above question by wtng an unparalled novel, Kim Jyoung, Bom 1982 (24% ZN) is a feminist novel which s writen forall people, in spite being woman oF ‘Cho Nam-Joo is @ 45-year-old South Korean television screenwriter and novelist. Immediately _aftor graduating from Ehwa women's university in the field of sociology, she starts her flime od ‘as a telovision screenwriter. But the bith of her chil changed the path of Cho Nam-Joo's professional fe; she left her job and instead, became a fulltime mother. Since Nam-Joo starts to ‘rowning in her motherhood, something special shaped her daly routine as a woman; something like a new perspective to lie, as similar as other women have. She gradually begins to think and talk from the point of view of all women who unuilingly are forced to accept their unfavorable testy. Finally, Cho Nam-Joo debuts as @ novelist by publishing her new masterpiece, Kim Jyoung, Born 1982 in October 2016 which describes women's daly conflicts inthe bast way possible, B A BRIEF REVIEW OF KIM JI-YOUNG, BORN 1982 Kim Jiyoung, Bom 1982 is a tangible ‘ory ofthe untold dimonsions of women ‘of three generations. Tho story i fl of prominent descitons, nether as. shocking 2s The Vegetaian(t} nor 23 ‘ordinary as Pease Look Atr Mom ‘A fest, the story point of view is omniscient, but though the story Cho NamJoo uses an ingenious way of ‘wistng the story by changing the naar. Moreover, the begining ofthe first season is so cnemate. The hidden jaw ofthe story traps the readers in the ver fst pages and leads them to the deepest sorow of Kim Jhyoungs i. ‘Above al, Using Foreteling tecrique(3} ‘reales a spontaneous twist in the ine ‘tory in oder to elp the readers knowing the main plot (Cho Namoo's passive naratng isthe ‘ther sdmirable dimension ofthe nove ‘She plated Jryoung’ role careful in a ‘Srocsul conto unt it gives readers the indesorbable horors. The story begs on the @th of ‘September, I's been a year since the 33- year-old Jryoung marie Jung Daesnyun (MR!) and she has to quit her job 10 take care of their newbom chi ‘Apparent, everthing is as normal as fotver couple's lie, but ther He. was ‘gradually gong though a raging stom. Fraly, everyting changed in an aturm nigh young shows her strange behavior and stars to ak a8 if she is her fersutile Wend who already passed ‘away. In oer words, she switched to ‘ober icenbies while she wae ‘experincing some traumatic evens she ‘could not overeome. Wiriten by Zahra Sam Cho Nam-Joo shows her great skil while she purposefully describes every single dell of all sub- dimensions ofthe story in a very careful manner. tis ‘also interesting to. mention that the chronology of Storyline does not folow the timeline as if it 8 Cho Nam-Joo's writing technique refers to symbolic isquietude of the mind of the narrator. by stating psychological and social elements, Cho Nam-Joo ties to show women's life pressure undor social isolation, people's sick point of view of the role of women in societes, and last, the huge storm of discriminations against women. She constant dlsapproves the social bias against women and States women's social demands on behalf of all ‘women. In regard fo Cho Nam-Joo's strong viewpoint, ‘Alexandra Alter, The New York Times reporter, Considers Kim Jtyoung, Bom 1962 as a call that arouse people to finish thousands years of discriminations against women. ‘This novel has welcomed among many celebrities ‘and prominent people, including President Moon Jae- in (BAIQ), Roh Hoe-chan (818), the previous politician of Justice Party, Kim Namjoon (2itt) ftom BTS, Choi Soo-young (21%) fom Gis! ‘Generation, Yui Yokoyama, and Irene (0F0Iz!) from Rod Velvet. Despite thelr efforts to recommend this book to all people, it had some unfavorable ‘consequences for them in which some oftheir fans unbelievably threatened to hut or even kil ther. Kim Jieyoung, Born 1982 attended many ciques and sometimes, harsh feecbacks, nevertheless nothing ‘ould block Cho NamJoo's road to success, im Jiyoung, Born 1982, translated by Jamie Chang, ‘nally recommended by The New York Times editors ‘choice in 2017 and became a candidate forthe US. National Book Award for Translated Literature and the French Emile Guimet Prize for Asian Literature, ‘Also, a movie based on J-young’s ie, directed by im Do-young, and prominent lead roles, Jung Yusmi RA) and Gong Yoo (Bf) released in 2019. {a} eters ong ry by teil een rd to sow the coco whol tn th et sgh