CAMBRIDGE English ulary in | PO Kcma TAKEN ralKs Use and intermediate Vocabulary reference and practice Ea Crt Ly coEnglish Vocabulary in | Use Pre-intermediate = and intermediate THIRD with answers EDITION Stuart Redman a CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESSCAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, $0 Paulo, Delhi, Tokyo, Mexico City Cambridge University Press ‘The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK wwwcambridge.org Information on this tite: www:cambridge.org/9780521 149884 ‘© Cambridge University Press 2011 ‘This publication isin copyright, Subject to statutory exception and tothe provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, 7o reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press, First published 2011 Produced by Kamae Design, Oxford Printed in Taly by LLE.G.O. 8 p.A, Astle cd for ths pletion i eailabe fom the Brih Library ISBN 978-0521-14989-1 Edition with answers and CD-ROM ISBN 978-0521-14988-4 Edition with answers ISBN 978.0521-14990-7 Test Your English Vocabulary in Use Pre-intermediate and intermediate Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or Metaey Of URLS for external or third-party internet websites referred to in {his publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such weboten is, Gril remain, accurate or appropriate. Information regarding prices, each {imetables and other factual information given in this work is correct at the Line of first printing but Cambridge University Press does not guarantee the accuracy of such information thereafter,Contents Thanks and acknowledgements Introduction Learning @B Leaming vocabulary Keeping a vocabulary notebook Using a dictionary English language words The world around us ‘Country, nationality and language GB Te physical world ‘Weather GD Animals and insects People G The body and movement GBD Describing appearance (GBD Describing character Feelings Family and friends Growing up Romance, marriage and divorce Daily life Daily routines ‘The place where you live © Around the home Everyday problems Money Health Clothes Fashion and buying clothes Shopping Food: Cooking City life Life in the country BB) Transport 24 26 28, 30 32. 34 36 38 40 2 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 2 GD On the road 66 Notices and warnings 68 Education and study Classroom language 70 School education 2 ‘Studying English and taking exams 74 University education 76 Work and business Jobs 8 Talking about your work 80 abies sae 82 Working in an office 84 Running a company 86 Business and finance 88 Leisure and entertainment Sport and leisure 90 Competitive spore 2 Books and films 94 J Music 96 Special events 98 Tourism ir travel 100 Hotels and restaurants, 102 Sightseeing holidays 104 D) Holidays by the sea 106 Communication and technology ‘Newspapers and television 108 Phoning and texting 110 Computers 12 Email and the Internet 14 Social issues Crime 116 Politics 118 Climate change 120 GD War and violence 122 Engish Vocabulary in Use Presntermediate and intermediateNumbers Distance, dimensions and size Objects, materials, shapes and colour (2) Containers and quantities Functional language Apologies, excuses and thanks Requests, permission and suggestions Opinions, agcecing and disagreeing, Likes, dislikes, attitudes and preferences Greetings, farewells and special expressions Word formation G} Prefixes: changing meaning Suffixes: forming, nouns Suffixes: forming, adjectives Nouns and verbs with the same form Compound nouns Phrase building ‘Word partners Hed pltaees Fixed plarases in conversation Verb or adjective + preposition Prepositional phrases Phrasal verbs 1: form and meaning Pheasal verbs 2: grammar and style Key verbs ‘Make, do and take: uses and phrases Key verbs: give, keep and miss 124 126 128 130 132 134 136 138 140 142 144 146 148 150 152, 154 156 158 160 162 164 166 168 170 Get: uses, phrases and phrasal verbs Go: meanings and expressions By The senses Words and grammar Uncountable nouns Verb constructions 1 Verb constructions 2 Adjectives Prepositions: place and movement Adverbs Connecting and linking ‘Time and sequence Addition and conerast Reason, purpose, result, condition Style and register Formal and informal English D_Complering forms and Cvs Writing an essay Formnal letters Informal emails and letters (ED Abbreviations Answer key Phonemic symbols Index English Vocabulary in Use Predntermediate and incermediate 172 174 176 178 180 182 184 186 188, 190 192, 194 196 198 200 202 204 206 208 247 248Thanks and acknowledgements For this third edition, I would particularly like to thank Julie Moore for her detailed and insightful comments on the manuscript while in preparation, At Cambridge University Press, [ would like to thank the editorial team under Noirin Burke, and especially Tracy Griffin for her tireless work in editing a long and complex manuscript, Alyson Maskell for her editorial work and support, and Emily Hird for her overall supervision of the project and for carefully steering the book from its early stages through to production. Finally, 1 would like to thank Andy George and Jeanette Alfoldi in production, Lucy Fox for photo research, and Marcus Fletcher for proofreading. I would also like to thank the teachers and students who participated in focus groups at the following institutions Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge ‘Cambridge Academy of English, Cambridge OISE, Cambridge ‘Oxford English Centre, Oxford (tis iforme Engh Pobiletgih Paes clizetie pon weiance te earn wackng | {zest Eh etude ord smo nage a CanbedeUnesy eon ane 5 ‘he anc! Eageh fle 1 eae Pk or Elo ae fe Connon Engen area ct Rear Langage (CFE Pfie one wl poe dab retan sow he ano tit asc te | Soe to emer th CF leaf st bea raves proce, or mow Frnt, (pists waco ) The authors and publishers acknowledge the following sources of copyright material and are grateful for the permissions granted. While every effort has been made, it has not always been possible to identify the sources of all the material used, or to trace all copyright holders. If any omissions are brought to our notice, we will be happy to include the appropriate acknowledgements on reprinting. p. 10TR: CURAphotography/Shutterstock; p. 10TL: George DoylefThinkstocks p. 10CR: ‘Thorsten Rust/Shutterstock; p, 10BL: Thinkstock; p. 10BR: Thinkstocks p. 18C: Michael Reynoldslepa/Corbis; p. 18T: Stephen Alvarez/Getty; p. 1B: Peter M. Wilson/Alamy; .26L Valua Vitaly/stockphoto, p.26C: ParkerDeen/Istockphoto; p.26R: Thinkstock; p. 327: BlickwinkeVAlamys p. 32B: Kevin Lindblad/Istockphoto; p.34: Elzbieta Sekowska/Shutterstocks p.46L: Paul Doyle/Alamy, p.46R: Rosesmith/Shutterstocks p.52: Bikeriderlondon/Shutterstocks p. 60: Robert Fried/Alamy; p. 72: Pindyurin Vasily Shutterstock; p. 74; Franck Boston/Shutterstock; p. 82: Elena Elisseeva/Shutterstock; p. 86: Joas Kotzsch/lstockphoto; p. 92: Kay Nietfeld/epa/Corbis p. 94: Rich Lege! Istockphotos p. 987: Nagelestock.con/Alamy; p. 98B: Imagemore Co., LtdJAlamy: p. 99; Imagebroker/Alamys p. 102: 1D1974/Shutterstock; p.104 (Palace): Worakit Siijinda/ Shutterstock; p. 104 (Mosquel: FPUShutterstocks p.104 (Cathedral): Darren Pierse Kelly/ Shutterstock; p.L04 (Temple): KoKiChyShutterstock; p. 104 (Market): GCRO Images! Shutterstock; p. 104 (Castle): Margaret Smeaton/Shutterstock; p.104 (Statue}: Thinkstock; p. 108: Clara/Shurterstocks p. 118: Yuri Arcurs/Shutterstock; p. 120: CreativeAct = Abstract series/Alamy; p.122: Fotolial: p. 136: Roger Jeng. - Fotodesign-Jegy,cde/ Shutterstock; p.138: Andreas Kindler/Johnér Images/Corbiss p. 148: To p. 150: Tricia de Courey Ling/Alamys p.182: Péter Gudella/Shurterstock. L = left, R = right, T = top, B = bottom, C = centre Illuscrations by: Mark Dutffin, Humberto Blanco, Kathy Baxendale, Gillian Martin, Jo Taylor, Kathryn Baker, Andrew Painter and David Whittle Englsh Vocobulary in Use Preintermediate and intermediateSty iis 13 Learning vocabulary Using this book Ie’s.a good idea to have a routine when you use this book [something you do often and usually in the same way]. For example: + aweekly routine when you study a new unit for at least [nor less than] 30-45 minutes; ‘+ a daily routine when you revise that unit [study it again]. You may only need to revise for five or ten minutes each time, rome a 1 How often can you spend at jeast half an hour or forty-five minutes on a unit? 2 How often can you revise? How much time can you spend when you revise? Where will you d it? 7 Studying a new unit When you are studying a unit for the first time, you need to be active when you are lear ‘+ With a new word or phrase, say it aloud [speak itso you can hear it}, and repeat it to yourself silently [in your head, nor speaking]. If you have the CD-ROM that goes with the book, use it to check the pronunciation, + Use a highlighter pen to mark words you think are important or difficult. + Write down new words and phrases in your notebook, (See Unit 2 for more information.) + Always try to write an example sentence for new words. You can choose an example from this book or a dictionary, but an example from your own life will often help you to remember a word, e.g. I shared a flat with an Australian girl when Teas in London last year + Do exercises in pencil, then you can rub them out (using a rubber) and do them. ‘again later. This is a good way to revise vocabulary. Coors 1 Which of these things do you da now when you a learning vocabulary? .. 2. What will you do in the future? Revising a unit When you are as possible, + Test yourself, ¢g. look at a word and cover the meaning. Can you remember what the meaning is? If you can't, check the meaning, then come back to the word in five minutes’ time and test yourself again. + Look at what you wrote in your notebook when you first studied the unit. Is there any new information you want to add, eg. something about the pronunciation, or a common word partner? (See Unit 2.) ‘+ Diagrams may help you to organise some of the vocabulary differently, and help you to remember it. English Vocabulary in Use Preintermediate and intermediate 18 8 unit one ot two days late, it is also important to be as activeCee 1 Do you revise voeabulary that you study? IF so, how often?. 2 Will you try to revise more often in the future? If so, will you use some of the ideas above? BED Expanding* your vocabulary + When you learn a word, eg. dirty, think of synonyms (syn) [words with similar meaning] or opposites (opp) in your language. Look them up in a bilingual dictionary to find the English words, then look up the English words in an English dictionary to check the meaning, From this, you will find that the opposite of dirty is clean, and you may also find filthy [very dirty]. “making something bigger 1.4 Using this method, find opposites for the words in bold, 1 My room is very clean. opp dirty... 2 Isa permanent job. O99 oon ve— 3 He was kind to all of his animals. OPP ene 4 Babies have very soft, smooth skin. opp 5 Where’s the entrance? opp 6 Was the bird dead? opp... - , 7 Did they accept the invitation? Opp ene + Building word families (sce Units 69-71) will also help to expand your vocabulary, From a noun, verb or adjective, you can often find related words in the dictionary with a similar meaning, So, you can often learn two or three words, and not just one, e.g. argue v = have an angry discussion; » = argument. 1.5. Usea dictionary to find the related parts of speech for the words in bold. 1 She gave me some advice. verb sdvise. ‘2 We mustn’t argue. noun = | 3 will have to revise this unit. 20MP .oroccmmw 4 Is there a choice? verb onn. 5 Lwant to expand my vocabulary. own 6 The two boys are very different. no: 7 They need to communicate more, nom * Try to read and listen to English as much as possible. The more you read and listen, the more you will learn. When you read, try to: or underline interesting new words Highlight words if they are familiar but you can’t remember the meaning. «There is a lot of spoken English on the Internet which you can play again and again. Try to make a note of interesting words and look up the meaning Cr ee eae ce a i Piedras 1 How many answers aid you get right the first time? 2 How many answers did you get rght'the second time? Engish Yocobulory in Use Preictermediate and intermediateKeeping a vocabulary notebook What do you do? ‘This is what some students do. write down new English words and phrases in my notebook, and next to each one I write a Spanish translation. I usually write down ifa word is a xoun, verb, adjective, and so on. I sometimes write a word in phonemics because English pronunciation is very difficult for me. But my notebook is a mess [nothing isin a good order; sy untidy). 1 like to draw pictures. | sometimes make a note of new words in my notebook, but often forget (don't remember}. I usually write a translation, and sometimes I write example sentences as well. Pve got a norebook, I don’t use it much but when T do, I try and list words by topic, so I put all che animals, togethes, and all the clothes words together, and so on. 1 find it’s easier to remember the words this way. ANDREY I note down new words and phrases. Sometimes I translate them into Polish, and sometimes [ write an explanation [a description of what something means] in English if ics noc difficult, For example: Killen a. very young cab Tips for your notebook A tip is a piece of advice to help you. Here are some tips for your notebook. + Put words from one topic in the same place, e.g. food in one place, clothes in another, ete. Don't mix them up [put them together with no order]. You can also have grammar topics, , ‘uncountable nouns’, or a page for words that all have a connection, ¢.g. words and phrases that were all in a story you read in Fnglish. Some words and phrases will go in more than one topic. + If you can’t find a topic for a new word or phrase, .g, useful or in particular, pur them in a different place in your notebook, e.g. a page for each day or each week, or perhaps one page for every English lesson you have. Write the date clearly at the top, e.g. Monday 14” May. + When you write down new vocabulary, write a translation if it is necessary [you need it; opp unecessary), but also write the meaning in English if itis possible, or draw pictures. + If possible, add synonyms, opposites, other parts of speech, ete. (See Unit 1.) awful adj = terrible (sym dreadful) enjoy v= like something and get pleasure from it 7 = enjoyment adj = enjoyable + Example sentences help you with the grammar of a word, or with word partners (collocations) Tenjoy living in a big city. (NOT I enjoy se-five in a big city.) (See Units 87-8.) I spent two weeks in Rome. (NOT I passed two weeks in Rome. You spend time in a place.) (See Unit 74.) + Remember, words often have more than one meaning that you need to knows €4 also money that you give, for example, to a waiter for serving you in a vestaurant. atipis English Vocobulary in Use Presintermedite end intermediate21 22 23 Exercises Organise the words into the topics below. One word can go in two different topics. Use a dictionary to help you. branch lay the rable county dige ground flour add up raw leaf minus butcher thousand frozen zero __ butterfly Explain these words in English, or draw a picture, or if you think an explanation is too difficult and a drawing is not possible, write a translation instead. Oe 2 dg 3 butcher 4 leaf... 5 flour... 6 lay the table Tadd UP anise ernnes 8 minus... What information could you include with these words? The answers are all on the opposite page. 1 forget oppasite. =. temmember.... 2 awhl ss BMCCSEAEY rnin ee 5 tip 6 enjoy ery 1 Look again at what the students said on the opposite page. What are the good things that they do? Underline them. 2 Do you do all of these things? 2 ster anything you dort do now but wd nthe future? 4 At the moment, which person's notebooks most ke your notebook? 5 What are the most useful tps onthe opposite page fr you? Englsh Vocabulary in Use Prentermediate and intermediate uUsing a dictionary What dictionaries do | need? A bilingual dictionary [using two languages] is easy for you to understand, and quick and easy to use. A dictionary in English will give you reading practice in English and ‘many more examples of how words are used. If possible, use both. These are good dictionaries in English for your level, and most of them are available online: Cambridge Learner's Dictionary Oxford Wordpower Dictionary Longman Active Study Dictionary Macmillan Essential Dietionary Information in dictionaries If you look up a word [find a word in a dictionary] using the Cambridge Learner's Dictionary, the information is shown like chis: Se [Ul els you that fi Phonemic symbols ‘FUN Taw noun (JT ejosment or — uncountable {see Uni 86) peepee 207 a cetig ta es YU enjoyment or pleasure, She’ grear ———— examples are in ales Balance Sam tobe wth. O Have fmt enjoy a yourself} O11 no frm having io work i Tate everynight. 2 for fundfor the Turn — bold italics show common a detain plan fit fr pleasure and not for any other sword parmers (see Unit 74) the meaning __BamSialatin tetris | fixed phrases using the- ‘about someone or something in an fed hate win to oy Im actin cal (sce Units 75-6) snes mcs fie of sie Correct the spelling mistakes. Use a dictionary to check your answers. 4 allways always... sh 6 confortable meen = a 7 accomodation 3 unfortunatly no 8 beautifull 4 expecially. 9 unbeleivable a 10 neccesary. In the word island 'ailoncl, the letter “sis silent (not pronounced). Use your dictionary to find the silent letters in these words. 1 knee 2 comb 3 castle 4 salmon 5 receipt Defining words ‘Defining words’ are words chat dictionaries use when they define [explain] the words in the dictionary. Some of these are quite common. ‘emphasise [give something more attention and importance], e.g. My teacher has always ‘emphasised the importance of writing down new words in a notebook. relating to or connected to/with [having a relationship with someone or something], eg. musical is connected with related to music amount [how much thee is of something}, eg. £5 million is a large amount of money. offical [done by the government or someone in authority}, €8. A passport isan official document. behave [do or sy ings in a particular way], €.g, People can behave strangely when they're nervous, English Vocabulary in Use Preintermediate and intermediate3.3 3.4 3.5 Complete the dictionary definitions using words from the box. conmectedwvich emphasise relatingto hehave official amount 1 industrial /in'dastriol 1 adjective sonmested, nith...industry 2 sum /sam/ nowt [C] aM vem of money 3 pretend /pri'tend/ verb [LT] £0. a if something is true when it is not 4 certificate /so'tiftkot/ noun [C] an. +» document that gives details to show something is true 5 not at all /nnt at atl/ used instead of tno" oF "NOt £0 vane Tim not at all happy about it 6 legal /ligol/ adjective Using a dictionary + When you use a dictionary to check the meaning of a word, put a tick (7) next ro it Each time you return to a page with a tick, see [find out] if you remember the word. ‘+ When you meet a new word or phrase in a text, first try to guess the meaning [try to think ofthe meaning when you don’t know ie} Then, use a dictionary to see if your guess was correct. ‘+ Don’t just read the dictionary definition, Example phrases and sentences show you how a word or phcase is used, and they help you to understand the meaning more clearly. + If you look up a word in a bilingual dictionary and get two or three different translations, check these words in an English dictionary to see which translation is the best one for the situation. + Remember that many words have more than one meaning. The first meaning in the dictionary is not always the one you want. You may need to read through the different ‘meanings. wove What you are saying: che law Answer the questions, and use an English dictionary to check the answers. 1 What does puppy mean? .Ih8..4..xery. upg 2 Is the correct spelling organize or organise? 3: What part of speech is extremely? a 4 What kind of noun is advice? 5 What preposition follows the verb Fey? un sau 6 Look up friend, and then the words in bold that are often used with it. Can you complete these phrases? She at mn Friends he's oon fed YOU nnn fiends with people. ‘Match the sentences on the right with the different meanings of post on the left. 1 He’ applied for a post overseas. post! ‘poust/ own 4 [SYSTEM no plural] UX (US mail) 2 Did you send the cheque by post? the system for sending letters, parcels, ete Your letter 3 I tied the flag to a post. is in the post, © I'm sending the documents by post. 4 We haven’t had any post yet. (2 [ETE ful UK (US mai levers, parcels, ete that you send or receive Has the post arrived/come yet? © | formal a job « part-time post © a teaching post 4 FE [0a long, vertical piece of wood or metal fixed into the ground at one end / found the dog tied oa post English Vocabulry in Use Preintermediate and intermediate 13Sor mag English language words Parts of speech wa 661 have a brown leather chair by the window, and I often si there in the morning to read the paper)? In the sentence above, Lis a pronouns chais, windore, morning and paper are all nouns; have, sit and read are verbs; brown and leather are adjectives; often is an adverb; by is a preposition; the is a definite articles a is an indefinite article; and is a conjunction or link word. Here are two more examples: SGWe saw an elephant at the 200 yesterday. Elephant and zoo are nouns; saw is a verb; at is a prepositions amis an indefinite article; the isa definite article. (Cir was a cold night, so I walked quickly.29 Was and walked are verbs; cold is an adjective; ight is a noun; quickly is an adverb; so isa link word, Grammar When you are learning vocabulary, you need to know certain things about different words; for example, if nouns are countable, e.g, books, apples, chairs; or uncountable, e.g, information (NOT informations), advice (NOT adviees). (Sce Unit 86.) With verbs, you need to know if they are regular, e.g, work, live, etc; or irregular, ¢.g. gortwent, takeftook. You will also need to learn the grammar of phrasal verbs, e.g take something off, wake up. (See Units 79-80.) You also need to learn certain groups of words as phrases, ‘mind, see you later. (See Units 75-6.) at the moment, never Word building In the word uncomfortable, un- is a prefix, and -able isa suffix. Other common prefixes include n-and dis e.. incorrect and dislike. Common suffixes include -ment and ~ve, eg. improvement and attractive. (See Units 69-71.) Pronunciation Dictionaries show the pronunciation of a word using phonemic symbols, e.g. book /buk/. before /bi foul, cinema !'sinom: Every word has one or more syllables, eg, book has one syllable, before has two syllables, cinema has three syllables. It is important to know which syllable to stress, e.g. on before it is the second syllable {be'fore), on cite itis the first syllable (‘cinema). The vertical mark ' shows where the stressed syllable begins. Punctuation Every sentence must begin wich a capital letter and end with a full stop. Some sentences have a comma, which often shows a pause [when you stop reading or speaking foc a short ime] in a long sentence. Did you also know that a question must end with a question mark? English Vocabulary in Use Pre-interedite and intermediateExercises 4.1 Put the words into the correct columns. fneun comma phonemic symbol adverb stress question mark syllable preposition full stop adjective ee ftir Paneer noun 4.2 There is one word missing in each line of the text. Where does the missing word go? ‘What could it be? What part of speech is it? Last year I went to,for my holiday. Ispent the first week Seville staying with a couple of friends, and then [a train to Barcelona, where I spent another ten days, Itis beautiful city and [ had a marvellous time. I stayed in a very hotel right in the centre, but didn’t mind spending a lot money because it was a wonderful and it was very convenient. My brother was the person who recommended it; he goes Spain a lot and he stays anywhere else, I may go back next year if have enough time u Spain, Soon), Seoovorsens 4.3. Answer the questions. 1 What type of verb is break? an. imegular. ver... 2 What does a sentence begin with? min 3 What do you put at the end of every sentence? 4 What's missing here. oon 5 What shows you there is a pause in the middle of a long sentence? a. 6 What type of noun is butter? .... 7 What type of verb are pick somebody up, and grow up? 8 What ace full stop and comma examples Of? oronunnm 9 How do dictionaries show the pronunciation of a word? Petes ese 10 Is the ‘a’ in phrase pronounced the same as can, can't or Igte? 4.4 Mark the stress on cach word. How many syllables are there? ‘English 2 informal opposite syllable decide adjective education pronunciation 4.5. Look at these words and answer the questions. cheap dangerous kind _lucky 1 What part of speech are these words? adjectives... 2 Can you change the first two words into adverbs? : 3 Is the pronunciation of kintd like wittd (noun) or find (WerD}? nen 4 What prefix do you need to form the opposite of the last (Wo Words? aon 5 What suffix makes a noun from kind? Englsh Vocobulary in Use Preintmedlte and intermediateKY Country, nationality and language / Who speaks what where? en ‘Australia Brasil Brazilian Portuguese “Chinese Mandarin (and Cantonese) ~__| Feyptian ‘Arabic Fra French French ‘Germany ‘German —_| German Greece Greek c Israel Iscaeli Traly Italian Japan - Japanese (South) Korea Korean Poland Polish [Russia 7 Russian, Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabian (Spain Spanish — [Switzerland Swiss Swiss-German, French, Italian Thailand Thai That Turkey ‘Turkish ‘Tarkish | the UK (United Kingdom)" British English the USA (United States of America) | American English “the UK (England, Seoriand, Wales and Norther Ireland) J comte from Argentina, so I'm Argentinian and my first language is Spanish, The capital is Buenos Aires, which has a population of more than 10 million people. Common mistakes He's English. (NOT He's english); We eres Musee 3) ken ee ren iat a Umea) Parts of the world ‘The continents in the world are Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America, Australia [Australia and New Zealand] and Antarctica. ‘We also use these terms for different parts of the world: the Middle East (e.g. United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia), the Far East (c.g, Thailand, Japan), the Caribbean (e.g, Jamaica, Barbados), Scandinavia (Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland), The people ‘When we are talking about people from a particular country, we add ‘s' to nationalities ending in ‘i’ of ‘(iJan’, but we need the definite article (the) for most others. Bravilians/Russians ‘Thaisfsraclis Jon ‘The British / The French “The Swiss / The Japanese Jae With both groups we can also use the word ‘people’, eg. Brazilian people, British people, ete. English Vocabulary in Use Presitermediote and imermediate51 5.2 53 5.5 Exercises Answer the questions. 1 What nationality are people from Poland? 2 What nationality are people from Thailand? 3 What language is spoken in Spain? 4 Where do people speak Hebrew? 5 Where do people speak Mandarin? 6 What language is spoken in Braz 7 What language is spoken in Egype? 8 Whar nationality are people from Germany? 9 Write down three countries whose fist language is English. 10 Write down three languages spoken in Switzerland. ‘What parts of the world are these countries in? Write the continent, eg. Europe, or the area, eg. the Far East. 1 Germany Europ. om 4 Healy 2 Japan g 5 Jamaica 3 Saudi Arabia. 6 Argentina Underline the main stress in the words in the box, and practise saying them. Use the pronunciation in the index to help you. Brazilian Japan Egyptian Arabic ‘Scandinavia Chinese Portuguese Australia Saudi Arabia Write the answers. 1 Bangkok is the capital of Thailand. 2 Ankara is the capital of. 3 Seoul is the capital of 4 Moscow is the capital of a + § Buenos Aires is the capital of. at 6 Athens is the capital of... ‘Complete the sentences with the name of the people from the country on the right. 1 T've worked a lot with the, FRANCE 2 Lknow lots of GERMANY 3 We do a lor of business with te JNPAN 4 Tused to know a lot of Lae ISRAEL 5 Thave always found. ---n.-. very friendly. BRAZIL 6 People often say that no ate very reserved. BRITAIN 7 emmnnninnncemen ae Very Organise. SWITZERLAND 8 Fmet a lot of ‘on my trip to Moscow. RUSSIA Ceara 1 Whats your nationality? : 2 What's the capital ety and population of your eunty?.. 3 Whats your first language? 4 What other languages do you speak? 5 Which countries have you visited? ..... 6 Which countries would you to visit? English Vocabulary n Use Preintermediote and inermediare 17‘The Krubera- Voronja Cave Did you know ... > Two thirds of the surface’ of the Earth? is covered in water, > E! Azizia in Libya is the hottest place in the world, where ‘temperatures of aver” 57°C (57 degrees Celsius) have been recorded > The coldest place on earths probably Vosokin heart, wnhidh reached a temperature of minus 69°C. Te Krbereoronje Cave nea the Black Sea cost in Georgi, The deepest cain the worl It is ver 2000 metres deep. 6 The Bag- Hangzhou Grand Canals the longest anal inthe worl ts 1.794 klometves ong 6 Thehighest waterfallin tne wos the Sato Angel Falls inVenzaila tis 953 metres igh The amazon Rainforests the largest ainforestin the rows, covering 40% ofthe South American continent. >The Pcie isthe largest acaan inthe word and is nearly thc the sizeof the AteieOcean, Beijing-Hangshou Grand Canal ‘the top or outside part +more than 2 the planet we live on ‘The Salto Angel Waterfall eae sage are ees pene ore oy te ee om Roce Pree ray ERED scograpty Switzerland consi of [is made or formed from] three main geographical regions [areas in a country or the world]: The Swiss Plateau, The Jura, and The Alps. Switzerland is a land of contrasts [big differences}, with completely different landscapes [the appearance of an area of land]. The climate [weather conditions] can also change within a very short distance. For ‘example, Ascona in the south has an almost Mediterranean climate, but the Dufour Peak in Valais has a very cold climate. The distance between the wo is just 70 kilomerres. Hl Biase 4 ai © Constance. *, as Sie see \ north em yh RO) Af ariicnent north-east east ‘south-east 18 English Vocabulary in Use Presntermediae and intermediateExercises 6.1 Look at the map of Switzerland and complete the sentences. 1 Zurich is. in. the north 2 The Jura mountains are. 3 Geneva ison 4 St Gallen is 5 Basel is r 6 Lake Constance is T0000 1 nnn = 6.2. Test your knowledge. Can you complete these sentences without looking at the opposite page? 1 Two thirds of the.srfAe®..........of the Earth is covered in water. 2 Vostok in Antarctica is the 3 El Azizia in Libya is the. 4 The Krubera-Voronja.... 5 The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand .. 6 At 993 metres the Salto Angel Falls is the highest. 7 The Amazon is the largest naens 8 The largest in the world is the 9 The nn We live on is called Earth. is the decpest in the world, is the longest in the world. - wow in the world. 6.3. Complete the sentences. 1. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the tle « 2 In the autumn, the ground is... in leaves that have fallen off the trees. 3 You find this animal in the semi-desert eoconmorwonnnn OF Australia. 4 Brazil is a country of .. large empry areas inland, and cities near the coast. ‘The Amazon rainforest... 5 .- 40% of the South American continent. 6 Mountains and lakes are typical of the in Switzerland. 7 It was a freezing night. The ... as well below zero. 8 9 0 Switzerland of three main geographical regions. It rakes the moon just under 28 days to go round the People say Cape Town in South Africa has a wonderful of the year, and never too hot or very cold. TW The onn-s-n----. from London to Paris is 340 kilometees; that’s less than the w:tmininnnene fom London to Edinburgh. 12 When the temperature fell to ... on 10 severe €€lsins, all the schools in the town closed. sunny for much Ce erey ee tot etre. Do you have any long canals, or famous caves or waterfalls? 5 How would you de ee eee Nats the distance from the place where you live to the nex English Vocobulory in Use Presintermedite and intermediate 19i Weather Weather conditions Notice thar i is very common to form adjectives by adding -y. fox | fogey sun | sunny | the sun is shining loud | cloudy wind | windy | the wind is blowing the cold | cold snow [EO | ies snowing ice iy rain | wet ies raining | ‘There are common word partners to describe weather conditions: Jt was very cloudy this morning, but the sun came out after lunch. [appeared] ‘The accident happened in thick fog. [bad fog] We had some heavy rain at the weekend. [a lo of rain opp light rain] ‘There was a strong wind when we were on the boat. [a lot of wind) ‘The wind has blown all the apples off the tee. Ik rained in the morning, but the sky was clear by lunchtime. {no clouds) Jes been extremely cold today. (very; also extremely hov/windy] HEED Pain and storms For heavy rain we often use the verb pour, e.g. pour with rain. For short periods of light ‘or heavy rain, we use the noun shower. A storm is heavy rain with strong winds. Te poured with rain this afternoon, Look, it’s really pouring (with rain) now. ‘We had a couple of heavy/light showers this morning. A period of hot weather sometimes ends with a thunderstorm. First it becomes very humid [the ai feels very warm and wet), then you hear thunder and sce lightning, and it’s followed by heavy rain. Temperature* 40 degrees Celsius 10 degrees below zero boiling hor warm not very warm cold frecring [very hoe] (also eoo!} (also chilly) [very cold] Cool can either mean slight De Saar es Boerner i 20 English Vocabulary in Uso Pe:intermeclte and intermediate7 Exercises Match the words on the left with the words on the right. 1 asunny [Z] 2 with rain 2heay fF] b fog 3 astrong [] sky 4ackar F] d and lightning Spor FJ © day 6 thick =F f rain 7 thunder g wind 72 74 True or false? If a sentence is false, change it to make it true, 1 When it’s foggy, you need sunglasses. .Fatse....\Wnen. it's, foggy. you. can't. 2 It’s nice to sit outside when it’ freezing... ‘ 3 If you're boiling, you might enjoy a swim. 4A shower is a type of wind. 5 If i's chilly, you may want to put on a coat 6 If its humid, the air will be very dry. 7 A mild winter means ie is colder than usual 8 If ic rains, the road will be wet. Complete the sentences. 1 We had really thick £09..oesunnimmn this morning. 2 [don’t mind wer weather if it stays quite mild. I just hate the . 3-We had a heavy ninnmm this morning, but it only lasted a few minutes. 4 Iwas _ with rain when we left the house. 5 It was minus ten ~-nin New York yesterday. Its often below here in winter. It’s. he cold! 6 It’s getting very humid. We might have & an later 7 It was cloudy and grey this morning, but when the sun . novuns Out it was quite hot 8 What's the ~- today? I feels much colder than yesterday. 9 It was hor sitting in the sun, but under the beach umbrella it was nice and CoS a root Do you have these weather conditions‘in your country? When do you have them? iT Ce Re ccc English Vocabulary in Use Pre-intermeciate and intermediate| gi Animals and insects Pets and farm animals In the UK, many people keep pets [animals that live with people]. The most common are dogs and cats, but people also keep birds, eg. parrots, that are usually in a cage. Children sometimes keep mice (sitg mouse) and rabbits. Some people keep more unusual animals as pets, eg. frogs, snakes and spiders. spider Farms in the UK may have sheep, pigs, cows, horses, donkeys, chickens, goats and a bull HEED Wild animals The pictures show a number of wild animals [animals thar normaly ive in natural conditions). ‘f you are lucky, you may see these animals in the wild [living fee}, but you will probably see them in a-z00. Some of these animals, for example tigers, are now quite rare [not often seen or found]. Ic is important that we proteet [keep safe] these endangered animals. elephant HEED sea creatures ‘Many different creatures [living things, eg. animals] live in the sea. 2 Engish Vocabuiary in Use Preintermediote and intermediateExercises 8.1 Put the words into the correct columns. hore monkey goat fly bull bee elephant pig mosquito tiger donkey camel ant leopard _ butterfly ean Roeeaes insects 8.2 Look at the underlined letters in each pair of words. Is the pronunciation the same or Afferent? Use the index to help you. 1 whale warer different... 6 goat giraffe 2eat camel SAM... 7 spider wild Bboat bot ese 8 came snake 4 leopard mosquito nn 9 leopard shark Sion ger... e 10 monkey frog. 8.3 Complete the sentences. 1 Cats and dogs are the most common 2... -in the UK, 2 Tve only seen nm -«« animals in 200s or on TV. 3 I don’t lke keeping bitdS in @ susan they nged more space. 4 Thate ants and mosquitos. In fact, Late all un 5 Irs hard ro see rigers in the wild because they are now ... 6 Some animals are disappearing, so we must... co them, 8.4 Start each sentence with a suitable creature from the opposite page. 1 Sharks. can swim very long distances. are very clever and are similar to humans. can travel through the desert for long distances without water ~. can be 25 metres in length. -. can eat leaves from tall trees when they are standing on the ground. sometimes change their skin several times a year, ..can pick things up with their trunk, .. are kept as pets, usually in cages, and some can even talk! evameun Ce ren eet ceo Sr eee ne ry Are you frightened of any creatures, €., mice? English Vocobulary in Use Presintermediate and incermediate 23we The body and movement EQ Parts of the body ‘The outer part of the body is covered in skin. Too much sun is bad for your skin, ee chest elbow waist Ny wrist bottom, hip EEE Movements with your mouth, face and head People breathe through their nose or mouth. You breathe in and out about 12-15 times a minute. People smile when they're happy. and sometimes smile at people to be polite, People laugh at things which are funny. People sometimes cry if they're very unhappy, or receive bad news. | People in some countries nod their head [move it up and down] to mean ‘yes’, and shake } their head [mave it from side to side] for ‘no’, People often yawn when they're tired, and sometimes when they're bored. Common expressions Bt shake hands comb your blow your with someone hai nose fold your wave to arms somebody 24 English Vocabulary in Use Preintermediate and intermediateExercises 9.1 Find ren more words for parts of the body, either across or down, (Hu[K|clalp lo[N[aIN [HIN] T] toe lwlclH[e[e : fue H[1[Plels : i E[a|N[K|T : E[L[Blolw os a L[t]P[s[K« fe 9.2 Match the words on the left with the words on the right, 1 shake [Z] a your hair 2 wave [] b your nose: 3comb [] © co somebody 4fold EF d your head 5 blow [] € hands 6 nod [ f your arms 9.3 Label the picture. 9.4 What do these actions often mean? (There may be several possible answers.) 1 People often smile when. they're haepy, ‘ cE 2 They often breathe quickly after 3 They laugh .. = 4 They may wave 1 somebody w= sates is 5 They blow their n0S¢ we 6 They shake their head 7 And nod their head. Engish Vocabulary in Use Presintermediate and intermediate 25Describing character VERRY What are you tke? Describe your character! Puta circle round the number that describes you. For example, in the first line 1 = very positive, 3 = not very positive or negative, 5 = very negative. Vthink I'm very positive, 1234S quite a negative person, Pm usually reliable’ 1203) $5 Pmquite unreliable. Pm guite confident’ 12 2 4 5 Pmauite shys Pm hard-working’, 10203) 4 5) Pmauitetazy. Thaveagood sense ofhumour’1 = 2-3 SF musualy quite serious’, ‘Pm usually quite p 12 3 $ 5 Pmauite impatient "What you are like as a person z * believe that good things will happen Crete iekata 2 can be crusted to do what people expect you to do PASC SA ey ne like?) Cae et Eee) ‘feeling sure about yourself and your abilities Snot confident, especially about meeting or taking to new people “putting alot of effort into your work and spending a lot of time on it the ability 1 laugh and understand when something is fanny. a serious person is quiet and doesn't laugh very much * able to stay calm and not gee angry especially when things take a lot of time BEEEEED opposites generous [happy to give more money or help than is usual] ronest [an honest person tells the truth] dishonest lever, intelligent fable to lear and understand things quickly] | stupid calm [relaxed and not worried or frightened) ‘Rervous, anxious eee We use kind to describe someone who wants to help people lot, ad nice, friendly or pleasant for one who is happy to talk to people. The opposites are unkind, unfriendly and unpleasant. GR Describing a friend 66The first thing 1 would say about my best friend is that she’s very semsible!. I've never known Irma to do anything silly’, and I know I can always trust’ her. She’ also very creative’; she makes things, and she’s a very talented artist. I wish® I had her talent, 29 * practical; doesn’t do stupid ehings Shas a natural ability ot sensible, a bit stupid *T would like ro have her * be sure that she is honest talent but U haven't got it. * good at thinking of new ideas snd using her imagination 28 English Vocobuioy in Use Presintermedioce and intermediate11.2 113 14 Exercises Find five pairs of opposites and put them into the correct columns, nice mean sensible lazy calm — generous unpleasant hard-working silly nervous Write the opposites using the correct prefix. 1 unkind 3 nmpleasant 5 cmhonest 2 friendly 4 patient 6 -wteliable Describe the person in the sentences, in one word. 1 My brother is in the office from 8 am to 6 pm every day. hard kein 2 He has never bought me a drink in ten Yeats. nnn 3 She often promises to do things but sometimes she forgets. snc 4 My teacher explains things again and never gets angry. 5 Agnetta finds it difficult to meet people and talk to strangers. 6 Brett is practical and doesn’t do anything stupid. ..... 7 Our teacher is nice, but he’s quiet and he doesn’t laugh a lot. 8 Anya is very relaxed and doesn’t seem to worry about things. 9 My boss is really good at using his imagination to think of new ideas. 10 Jessica can play several musical instruments. wus ‘Complete the sentences. 1 My sister can’t wait for anything; she's so .impatient... 2 I get very befoce exams; I need to ty and relax a bit more. 3 Ton nmninn Lcould paint as well as your brother; he's so creative. 4 Beara hasn't donc a thing since she’s been here, Honestly, she’s 50 5 Lalways have a laugh with my cousin — he’s got a great sense of 6 My younger sister is able to understand new ideas so quickly; she’s very ~ 7 8 9 0 If Sarah says she'll do it, then she'll do it. 1 ~~ her completely. He'd like to be relaxed and confident, but it’s just not part of his... He failed his exams, but he i80"€ x en.mn-umnn « He just didn't do any work. Paola helped me bake some cakes last week; she’s very. Corey eer youself: rom ll the worden th or epee: iranian a aserancaneciy English Yocabulary in Use Printermediote and intermediate 2914 Feelings How do you feel? ero Reece oles Re aero te ti: ey eee tenet rie et Ce eee aa ‘Well, obviously I'm very proud! of my sson’s success, but I'm a bit disappointed” thar the local paper hasn't shown more interest in the story. ‘The politicians seem confused’ about what +0 do, 0 Pm not hopeful that things will improve. not able to think clearly or understand something, "Feeling good because you (or someone you “feeling postive about a future situation know) has done something well sappy because someone or something 1 think Tom ended the relationship because his girlfriend was getting jealous", but now he’s quite upset”. was nor as good as you hoped, or because something did not happen We were curious’ to sce what all the noise was about, but I felt anxious® when T saw how angry the men were, and really scared” when they started coming towards us. * unhappy and angry because someone you Tove seems too interested in another person * unhappy because something unpleasant has happened Syyanting (0 know o¢ learn abou something | S worried Era cc afraid 5 frightened [proud | pride disappointed disappointment jealous jealousy confused | confusion | eurious | curiosity anxious anxiety HEREEELD Tre effect of the weather on our feelings I ‘Why do people say they feel more cheerful [happy] when the sun shines, and. miserable [unhappy] when it’s raining? Why do some people suffer from SAD (seasonal affective disorder), which makes them feel depressed [unhappy, often for a long time, and without hope for the future] during long dark winters? Can the weather really affect our mood [the way | wel pee nel or an ove agnatons? The effect of colour on our emotions * wanting to be basy and doing a loe of things “feelings of worry caused by dificult being angry situations such as problems at work 5 tooking after someone, especially someone young or old good at thinking of new ideas of using 30 English Vocabulary in Use Preintermedite and intermediate" Mmaginnnion12.2 12.3 12.5 Exercises Cover the opposite page. Complete the tables. adj | disappointed cuciosity anxious | emotion Find the best sentence ending on the right for each of the sentence beginnings on the left. 1 He was very anxious when a he heard his aunt had died 2 He was very jealous when F] 0b his father appeared on TV with the Prime Minister, 3 He was very scared when F]_—_€ ‘his 14-yearold daughter didn’t get home until 2 am, 4 He was very proud when F]_——d he saw the man coming towards him with a knife. 5 He was very upset when Fe he was ill. 6 He was very miserable when [] his best friend went out with the girl he really liked. ‘Match the words and faces. ansious.1.. seared. cheerful a... upset. confused... depressed ‘Complete the sentences. 1 My aunt had (0 £888. -ncnocnw-for her elderly mother for years. 2 [can't tell whether Benita is happy or nots she never shows her . 7 3 Pm much more oo it the mornings. By the afternoon I feel tired. 4 Weather has a big... con the way I feel. 5 He's been under a lot of -—..... recently because of the amount of work he has to do. 68 Brendan's cheerful one minute and miserable the next; his... ‘changes all the time. 7 It’s been a depressing month, but 'm things will ger better next month, 8 don’t like walking home in the dark. get very... Caren eee eee Does ec ao Pee icant es 3. Does your mood change a lot from day to day? Why?’ Do you feel more energetic at certain times of the day? Why? English Vocabulary in Use Predntermediate and intermediate 332 Family and friends Relatives” “ S¢My father died when I was nine, and so my mother was a widow! wich four young children. She remarried five years later, so now I have a stepfather. As he is not my real father, I call him by his first name, which is Diere. I've got an elder? brother called Thomas and two younger sisters, Anya and Claudia, who are twins”. We're a close family’, My mother is an only child’, but I've gor two uncles on my. father’s side. One is married with two children, and the other is married with three children, so altogether I have five cousins, 1 get on well with® Uncle Rolf, and he always tells me I'm his favourite nephew. Of his nieces, I think he likes Anya best. Recently my brother Thomas got married. His wife's name is Sabine, so I now have a sisterindaw” as wel.39 * members of your family; sy relations “family who like each other and stay together aloe "2 woman whose husband has died $ without brothers or sisters Polder “have a good relationship with two children born to one mother atthe same time 7 (also mother/brother/son-in-aw, re.) Father | Mother Dieter Uncle Rolf Sabine — Thomas Me Anya Claudia Ce Mar, ae oem on eect ene eee en) Friends S€My best friend is Florian, an old schoo! friend’. We got to. know each other” when we were in the same class at school ‘We've been mates? ever since’, and our friendship is very important ro both of us. He spends a lor of time with my family, and his current®girlciend is actually one of Thomas's exgitlfriends, But we all get on really well.29 } someone you have known fora long time from that time until now 2 met and became friends S the one he has now “frends inf oe ce ee te mee eM een ee ae aaa ct English Vocabulary in Use Proixermediote and intermediate13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 Exercises Look at the family tree, then complete the sentences below. — Simon —~ Cath Brian ——— Meg (now tile Emily (11) Tom (16) Leyla (14) Henry (10) 1 Simon died rwo years ago, so Cath is a iden, 2 Leyla is Cath... mes 3 Tom is Cath’s 4 Cath is Meg's 5 Simon was Brian's. 6 Tom is Leyle’s 7 Emily is Leyla. 8 Emily is an Which words are being defined? 1 Your serene _» boyfriend is the one thar you have now. means get married again. ~ are all the members of your family. friend is the one you like more than any other. friend is someone you have known for a long time. are two children born to one mother at the same time. is an informal word for a friend. is the noun when two people are friends. vw the man who is martied to your mother but is not your father. Complete the text. S61 was still going out with James when I met my husband, Ben. We got. to. knew. each other because we went to the same gym twice a week. We went out with each other for about 18 months, and we got... three years ago, so = we've been a couple for almost five years. We've continued t0 36 t0 the gym eVEF \ewnnnamnmn WE BOT ‘married, and I sill quite often see James when we're there. Its nice if you can still e woo With 211 asnncnnnnemnn boyfriend oF “girlfriend. 99 jestions for you, then, if possible, ask a friend and write their answers ‘Are you an only child? IF not, do you have elder brothers or sisters? Do you get on well with other members of your Family? mn 3 Are You 8 Close FaMIY? anne nnn mn 4 Who was the last person in your family to get married? When? 5 Who's your best friend?... 6 How long have you known himfher? .. 7. How did you get to know each other? English Vocabulary in Use Preintermediote and intermediote 33Growing up Ages and stages in the UK ae a oe ‘Up to 12 months [a baby _| 12 months — 3 years old | a toddler 3-12 years old [la child: this period is your childhood [BAS approximately | a teenager: during this period you are in your teens 18+ [an adult | 40+ approximately. | people are middle-aged [in the middle of their lives), [60 oF 65 linetitement [Wieienilcwmmwaeiermeneaell co [old age (wo usually describe people as elderly) Approximate ages Pm in my early ewenties, 21-23] A My parents are in their mid-ffties. [54-6] v5 My grandmother isin her late seventies. [77-79] My grandfather is nearly/almost eighty. [he's probably 79] My English teacher’s approximately/roughly thirty. {about 30 / more or less 30] Common mistakes an say, bi roe a Aso: a 3 Past and present 66My grandmother's name was Mary. She's dead! now. She died about ten years ago when I was in my reens, bur I remember her well. She was brought up? on a farm in Wales, and her parents were very strict: asa teenager, they didn’t allow" her to listen to the radio or go to partes in the village. In the end, she decided to leave home and get a job in Cardi At first’ it wasn’t easy, but she managed? to find work, and she also met che man who became her husband: my grandfather My mother was born four years later. She had a very different childhood. She grew up in the city, she was allowed to go t0 parties, and when she was in her teens, her parents ler” her stay out late’. My mum is the same with me.9? + not lvings opp alive ¥ ar the beginning *Yooked after until you are an adult Sas abe (bur it was difficult) 5 give permission “allowed “finaly after a lor of ime or thoughe "aot go home until late ron etree ens Engle Vocabulary i Use Presntermedite and intermediate