Element 4

Question 1 Health and safety monitoring and measuring .?

It distinguishes between active monitoring (preventing untoward events) and
reactive monitoring (evaluating incidents).The importance of accident
investigation is highlighted to identify causes for preventive action.

1. Active Monitoring: • Involves checking standards before untoward events. •

Methods include inspections, sampling, and tours.

2. Reactive Monitoring: •Measures safety performance using data on accidents,

incidents, and ill health. •Accident investigation is crucial for discovering causes
and taking corrective action.

3. Incident Categorization: •Incidents are categorized by outcome: near-miss,

accident, dangerous occurrence, ill health. 4. Incident Investigation Procedure: •
Analyze information to identify immediate and underlying causes. •Identify
suitable control measures. •Plan remedial actions.

5. Reporting: •Internal reporting for all work-related incidents and maintaining

records of work-related injuries. •External reporting for specific incidents to
agencies, such as fatalities, major injuries, occupational diseases, and dangerous
occurrences.

6. Auditing: •Outlined steps of the audit process and discussed types of

information used as evidence. •Identified strengths and weaknesses of external
and internal auditing.

7.Health and Safety Performance Review: •Highlighted its role in ensuring

continual improvement. •Identified information sources for reviewing
performance.

Question 2. What did you find most useful about this element?
1.Active and Reactive Monitoring : Health and safety performance should be
monitored. This can be done using various methods that fall into two broad
categories.
Active monitoring - checking to ensure that health and safety standards are
correct in the workplace before accidents, incidents, or ill health are caused.
Reactive monitoring - using accidents, incidents and ill health as indicators of
performance to highlight areas of concern.

2. Safety Inspections, Sampling and Tours

safety inspection 1. routine general workplace inspection, 2. statutory inspection
of an item, 3. periodic inspection of plant and machinery, 4. pre-use checks
carried out by workers before they use certain items of plant and machinery
1. Plant - machinery, equipment and vehicles.
2. Premises - the workplace and the working environment.
3. People - working methods and behaviour.
4. Procedures -safe systems of work, method statements, permits to work,
Safety Sampling :This is the technique of monitoring conformance with a
particular workplace standard by looking at a representative sample only
Safety Tours : A safety tour is a high-profile inspection of a workplace carried out
by a group or team, including managers.

3. Investigating, Recording and Reporting Incidents

ACCIDENT : An unplanned, unwanted event which leads to injury, damage or loss.
1. Injury accidents - an unplanned, unwanted event which leads to personal injury
of some sort.
2. Damage-only accident - an unplanned, unwanted event which leads to damage
to equipment or property.
NEAR MISS : An unplanned, unwanted event that had the potential to lead to
injury, damage or loss, but did not, in fact, do so.
.DANGEROUS OCCURRENCE : A specified event that has to be reported to the
relevant authority by statute law.Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous
Occurrences Regulations 2013 (RIDDOR).
Level of Investigation : 1. Minimal, 2. Low, 3, Medium, 4. High.
REPORTING : The process of informing people that an incident has occurred -this
can be internally within the organisation or externally to enforcing authorities or
insurers.
,RECORDING : The process of documenting the event.
The International Labour Organization (ILO) has published several international
standards on recommended reporting procedures. The principal reference is the
2002 Protocol to the Occupational Safety and Health Convention 1981 (P155); this
greatly expands on the general reporting standards of Article 4 of the
Occupational Safety and Health Convention 1981 (C155). It is supported by
Recommendation 194, which lists types of diseases that should be reported to
national governments.

3. Health and Safety Auditing : Auditing is a mechanism for verifying that an

organisation's safety management system is in place and operating effectively.
1. Systematic ,2. Objective, 3. Critical
External and Internal Audits : ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

4. Reviewing Health and Safety Performance

Purpose of Regular Reviews : 1. Are we on target?, 2. If not, why not?, 3. What do
we have to change?

Issues to be Considered in Reviews : 1.Legal compliance, 2. Accident and

incident data, 3. Safety tours, sampling and inspections, 4. Absence and sickness
data, 5. Audit reports, 6. Achievement of objectives, 7. Enforcement action, 8.
Previous management reviews, 9. Legal and best practice developments .

Question 3 How will you apply your new knowledge in your role?
Active and reactive monitoring, incident investigation, and reporting. It
distinguishes between active monitoring (preventing untoward events) and
reactive monitoring (evaluating incidents). Incidents are categorized by outcomes
(near-miss, accident, dangerous occurrence, ill health). Basic investigation steps
involve gathering facts, analyzing causes, and planning control measures.
Internal reporting and record-keeping for work-related incidents are outlined .
Health and safety performance review's role in continual improvement is
emphasized, including information sources and senior management's involvement
in prioritizing and allocating resources.AFTER READING AND
UNDERSTANDING ,YOU WILL USE IT IN YOUR LIFE.