Advanced Practice Tests Five tests for the 2015 Cambridge Englis| vanced exam MARK HARRISONCambridge English Advanced Practice Tests Five tests for the Cambridge English: Advanced exam MARK HARRISON UNIVERSITY PRESSOXFORD (Great Clarendon Stet Oxford. or2 60, United Kingdon Oxford Univer Press ia depen of te Ulvesnity ONG IRfures the University's objecve of excalence in esearch hls and education by publishing worldwide Oxfords reitered tne ‘ark Oxford University Press nthe UC and in certain other counties Oxford University Press 2034 “The moral rights ofthe author have een asec st published in 2034 2018 2017 036 2015 2014 ‘No unauthorlzed photocopying ‘Allright reserve. Nopatf this pblcation may be reproduced stored Jing reuieval sytem, or uansmited In any form orby any meas, witout {he prior permision n wring of Oxford Uaiversty Pres, oras expressly permitted by law; by lcenceor under ters agreed wth the appropiate ‘eprographcs ight organization. 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We apologize for any apparent infagement of copyright andi nti, the publisher ve pleased tovect any eros ormisions atthe earliest opporaniy,TEST3 TEST 2 TEST 1 TEST 4 Contents Introduction Reading and Use of English Writing Listening ‘Speaking Reading and Use of English Writing Listening ‘Speaking Reading and Use of English Writing Listening Speaking Reading and Use of English Writing Listening Speaking Answer sheets Assessing the Writing paper ‘Assessing the Speaking paper Answer key ‘Audio scripts ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS CONTI 18 20 24 28 40 42 46 50 62 64 cy nm 34 26 90 94 102 103 104 awIntroduction This book contains: four complete Practice Tests for the Cambridge English Advanced exam (2015) access to a complete online practice test answer key including mark schemes forall Writing tasks model answers forall Writing tasks guidance on how to assess the Writing and Speaking papers answer sheets audio scripts Exam content Reading and Use of English (Lhour 30 minutes) _ aa short text with 8 | 4-option multiple-choice; choose the | vocabulary (meaning of single words, | eps correct word(s) to fil each gap completion of phrases, phrasal verbs, et) 8 questions: 8 m PARTS /ishort text with 8 filleach gap with one word ‘mostly grammar, sor | gaps 8 questions: 8 marks PART |1short text with 8 use the words given to form the correct | word formation plication, text organization features, exempifcation, reference, comparison aps word for each gap 8 questions; 8 marks | PARE | 6 unrelated sentences | use the word gent completethe grammar and vocabulary eachfollowed bya gapped sentence so that it means the 6 questions; 12 marks {single word anda same as the fist sentence | makforeachportf the none | gapped sentence [mond mortsperqueston) | | Atext (article fiction, i option multiple-choice comprehension of detail, opinion, | | non-fiction) attitude tone, purpose, main idea, | | £6 questions; 42 marks understanding opinions and attitudes; comparing and contrasting opinions and attitudes across texts PART | 4 short texts ‘matching opinions with the text they 4 questions; & marks PART? /1 text with choice of 7 paragraphs to fillthe gaps. understanding of text structure, links 6 paragraphs mi “between parts of text 6 questions; 12 marks PARTS [1 text divided into { matching statements / information to location of specifi information: sections OR several section of text or short text they “efer ta | comprehension of paraphrasing short texts for appear in 10 questions; 10 marks 4 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS 1v/ROOUCtIO1Writing (1 hour 30 ) minutes) essay, based on two points intext given, (220-260 words). | Candidates must do this task. ‘more important and giving reasons for this opi 20 marks - | — PART2 /letter /emall, proposal, report or review (220-260 words) | varies according to the task, including | Lr —— | comparing eng advice ehing | _cpinons sting persuading 20 marks Listening (40 minutes) In the exam, each recording is heard twice. On the CD, they are not repeated, so you will need to play each track again. Attheend ofthe exam, candidates are given 5 minutes to transfer ther answers to the answer sheet "detail gist, opinion, speaker feeling, atitu [PART |3 short 3-option multiple-choice (2 questo | conversations per conversation) function, purpose, agreement between | speakers, course of action | . ons; 6 marks _ |PART2 |1monologue sentence completion: 8 sentences to understanding of specific information and | complete witha word orshort phrase stated opinion - / : _ |e questions; @ marks _ interview or ‘@option multiple-choice understanding of opinion, attitude, detail, conversation (two gist, speaker feeling, purpose, function and “or more speakers) agreement between speakers | _ | S questions; 6 marks [PARTE |Sshort monologues | matching: 2 tasks, For each task, match same as Part 1 | hat each speaker says to 1 of 8 options | 0 question (G questions per task) 40 marks Speaking (15 minutes) ROR mins) ct individual ‘Tong tur’ for each candidate with a brief organizing a larger unit of ciscourse, comparing, | | response from second candidate (ins) describing, expressing opinions and speculating | candidates talk about 2 sets of 3 pictures PART 3 | 2-way conversation between candidates (¢mias) _ interaction, exchanging ideas, expressing and candidates discuss written prompts in a _ustifying opinions, agreeing and / or disagreeing, | decision-making task | suggesting, speculating, evaluating, reaching a | decision through negotiation PART 4 | conversation between candidates and interlocutor expressing and justifying opinions, agreeing and / or (Grins) | disagreeing, speculating | candidates discuss topics related to Part 3taskwith © 49 marks total ‘the examiner The Reading and Use of English paper carries 40% ofthe total. The Writing, Listening and Speaking papers each carry 20% of the total. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS INTRODUCTION 5el Ee wv lu e 5 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS.) Reading and Use of English (1 hour 30 minutes) PART For questions i-8, read the text below and decide which answer (/,8, C or D) bestfits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet, Example: On iererng 8 psering eect € damaging —D intruding Taking photographs ruins the memory, research finds Our obsession with recording every detail of our happiest moments could be 0 our ability to remember them, according to new research. Dr Linda Henkel, from Fairfield University, Connecticut, described this as the ‘photo-taking impairment effect: She said, ‘People often whip out their cameras almost mindlessly to a moment, to the point that they are missing what is happening 2___in front of them. When people rely on technology ies on the to remember for them ~ 3, 1 A seize B grasp 2 A quite 8 3. A counting B sett 4 A engage B apply 5 A result B aspect 6 A steered Brun 7 A accurate B faithful 8 A measured B compared ING AND USE OF EN ‘cameré to record the event and thus not needing to 4___toit fully themselves - it can have a negative 5 ‘on how well they remember their experiences? In Dr Henkel’s experiment, a group of university students were 6 of a museum and asked to either photograph or try to remember objects on display. The next day ona tour each student's memory was tested. The results showed that people were less 7____ in recognizing the objects they had photographed 8 with those they had only looked at. casture D snatch © merely D barely € assuming swearing attend D dedicate € exent D impact C led D conveyed € exact D factual © matched D confronted a7 —PART 2 For questions 9~16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers \N CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. Exampl ° 4 eel ASAL On the hunt for the best young female entrepreneurs Founded in 1972, the Veuve Clicquot Business Woman Award is celebrated in 27 countries. Veuve Clicquot has now introduced a new award 0_____ complement its Business Woman of the Year category. Called The New Generation Award, 9____recagnizes the best young female talent across business and corporate | life ‘The first winner of the award, Kathryn Parsons, {0 innovative start-up company, Decoded, teaches people to code in a day, has joined the judging panel to help find this year's winner. "The importance of these awards cannot 11 overestimated, she says, Women need role models that prove to 12___ that they can do it, too The New Generation Award is open to entrepreneurial businesswomen 13. ‘the ages of 26 and 35 They can run 16_____own businesses or hail from corporate life This award isn't about how much money you've made or how long you've been in business. is about recognizing young women 15_a mission ‘and a vision’ says Parsons. We want to meet women who are working to is ______the world a better place’ NGLISH 7 ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READIN AND USETEST 1 8 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. REA! PART3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some ofthe lines to form a word that fits in the gapin the same line, There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN) CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. Example: 0] {R[e[s] fe[x]alr] [oly EXIT INTERVIEWS IF you are thinking of leaving your job, you may think that handing in your letter of 0___is the end of the matter. But an increasing RESIGN number of companies now conduct ‘exit interviews’ with staff. For the employee, an exit interview may fea ike an ideal opportunity to rant and rave about every little 17______thathas troubled them ANNOY since they got the job. But, 18. mind that you will probably BEAR. still need a19___from these people, tis best to avoid getting REFER angry or 20___, and just answer the questions as calmly and EMOTION with as much 2i__as possible. HONEST For employers, the exit interview isa rare opportunity to gather some valuable information about the way staff perceive the company. Existing employees may not wish to cause 22 tothebossor OFFEND damage their chances of promotion, so are urlkely to 23__ close their real feelings about the company. However. someone who has already resigned is more likely to be 24___ when giving their opinions. TRUE AND USE CF ENGIPART 4 For questions 25~30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the Jirst sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between ‘three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: © Ididn't know the way there, so I gotlost. cer Not_______ there, I got lost. o| [KNOWING HOW TO GET Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet 25 Ie ust noticed that the car has almost run out of petrol HARDLY Ive just noticed that____left inthe car. 26 I didn't know that cars were so expensive in this country. IDEA 1__so much inthis country. 27 Don't get depressed because of such a small problem. LET Its such a small problem that you shouldn't down. 28 Itis reported that he is now recovering in hospital. RECOVERY Heis reported _________inhospital now. 29 Laura teacher says that she doesn't have a serious enough attitude to her work. ‘SERIOUSLY Laura doesn't__to er teacher. 30 What's confusing you so much? Lor What is it that’ confusion? ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 9 TisaLTEST 1 10 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS = PARTS You are going to read a book review. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (A, 8, C or) which you think fits best according to the text. Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. The Great Indoors: At Home in the Modern British House by Ben Highmore 11910 the music hall comedian Billy formality, co that living rooms once voice of dissent merely argued that Williams scored his biggest hit with full of heavy furniture and Vietorian in winter, ‘The healthy child only the song When Fother Popered the nickknacks are now dominated by needs about thre hours a day in the Parlour, mocking the incompetence television screens and littereé with open ir, as long asthe day and night of the amateur home decorator. children's toys, There is a growing nursery windows are always open." Fifty years later, comedians Norman internationalism in taste. And there Nowadays, the fresh air obsession has Wisdom and Bruce Forsyth were isthe rise of domestic democracy, _been replaced by irrational fears of sill entertaining milions on the TV.__with the household rediogran and horrors outside the home. It’s easier show Sunday Night a the London telephone (located in the hal) now to laugh a the foibles ofthe past, Palladium with a similar routine, but replaced by Pads, laptops ani and Highmore doesn't always resist the joke was staring to look dated. mobiles in virtually every room. Key sense of modem superiority, though, The success of magazines such as The to that decentralization of the home forthe most par, he's an engaging Practical Householder was already _~ and the implied shift of power and quirky guide, dispensing ‘proving that, as the 1957 Ideal Home within it -is the advent of central _ sociological insights without jargon. Exhibition proclaimed, ‘Do-it-yourself heating, which gets pride of place ‘The message is that even the isa home hobby that is here to stay’ as the innovation that allowed the language of the home has changed By this stage, Britain had mostly whole house to become accessible at __ irrevocably: airing cupboards are ‘completed its transition from all times of day and night Teling an going the same way as drawing primitive housing conditions, made unruly child to'go to your roem’ no rooms. As for that Billy Williams bearable for those wino could afford longer seems much of a threat song, ‘By the 1980s, Highmore it~ by servants and handymen, Highmore also documents, ‘writes, it would be impossible for into a worid where families looked however, some less successful steps__anyone to imagine ther front room as after themselves in highly serviced in the onward march of domestica “parloue” without seeming deeply environments, Recognisably machinery Whatever happend _—_ol-ashioned He's not entirely ‘moder technology in the form of to the gas-powered fridges we conect, fr there was atleast one telephones, televisions and electricity, were promised in 19467 Or te the _person who was still employing such had become ubiquitous and was _Dishmaster a decade later that terminology. Prime Minister Margaret to transform domestic living still promised to do‘a whole day's Thatcher solder message with the further inthe coming years. The washing up injust three minutes”? __use of what she called ‘the parables makeover of British homes in the Rather more clears the reason why ofthe parlour’, which suggests she twentieth century is recounted ina 1902 Tensmade filed to catch on: understood the trath that, despite Ben Highmore’s entertaining and ‘when the alarm clock triggered the _the catalogue of changes, there is a informative new book. He takes us switch, a match was stuck, ighting cote chat seems consistent. A 1946 ona whithwind tour ofan everyday aspirit stove under the ket. You edition of Housewife magazine spelt house, from entrance hallo garden don’t have to bea health and safety tout men make houses, women shed, illuminated by extensive fanatic to conclude that a bedroom make homes’. When you watch a reference to oral histories, popular _isn't the ideal place for such a gadget. male comedian today doing a routine ‘magazines and personal memoirs, ‘Equally disturbing to the modem about his wife's attachment to scatter Atits centre, though, is the way readers the pre-war obsession with cushions, it seems worth asking: has that our homes have reflected wider children getting fresh air Itwas a _the family dynamic really moved a social changes. There is the decline of belief so entrenched that even a ‘reat deal?” -ADING AN' 1 ie ees 31 The reviewer's main topic in the first paragraph is A improvements in home decorating kil B_ how common it was for home decorating to be discussed. how unfair descriptions of home decorating used to be. a change in atitudes to home decorating, 32 In the second paragraph, the reviewer says that the book includes evidence illustrating [A that some British people's homes were transformed more than others. the widespread nature of changes that took place in British homes. C the perceived disadvantages of certain developments in British homes. D that the roles of certain people in British homes changed enormously. 33 In the third paragraph, the reviewer points to a change in A. the extent to which different parts of the house are occupied. B ideas of which parts of a house should be furnished in a formal way. how much time children spend in their own rooms. beliefs about what the most pleasant aspect of home life is. 34) The reviewer suggests in the fourth paragraph that A most unsuccessful inventions failed because they were dangerous. B. various unsuccessful inventions failed because they did not work property. some unsuccessful inventions were not advertised appropriately. there were unsuccessful inventions which might have been good ideas. 35 In the fifth paragraph, the reviewer says that in his book, Highmore ‘A. sometimes focuses on strange ideas that were not very common in the past. occasionally applies the standards of today to practices in the past. occasionally expresses regret about how some attitudes have changed, D_ sometimes includes topics that are not directly relevant to the main topic. 36 In the final paragraph, the reviewer suggests that Highmore may be wrong about ‘A when certain moder attitudes to home life first developed. which changes in home life in Britain have been most widely welcomed, the extent to which home life in Britain has changed. how common terms such as airing cupboards’ are in modern Britain, ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGUSH 42 Ca TASaLTEST4 PART 6 You are going to read four reviews of a documentary series on TV about large companies. For questions 37-40, ‘choose from the reviews A-0. The reviews may be chosen more than once. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Inside Business Four reviewers comment on the TV documentary series Inside Business, which investigated the workings of a number of large companies i ‘The companies that were the focus ofeach programme inthe series Fide Busnes were very diverse terms ofthe ature of their business andthe way they operated, but between themthey demonstrated many ofthe key etures | that characterize big organizations inthe modem wold, Each programe focused mosty onthe peple atthe op. The | arnt of jargon they uses iy to have been too much for many viewers to contend with and they may-well have | given up. If they did stick withthe sexes however they wil have been let in no doubt a8 to ow complex the business | of runing lrg organizations sor those charged with doing so. This was clear ftom what the interviewees sald, but | | | | the questioning was not probing enough, and they were not asked to esplain or justly the sweeping statements they rade. | | |: ‘The overwhelming impression given to any viewer who watched all six episodes of Inside Business was of the extraordinary pressure that those running moder companies are obliged to operate under. Unless they themselves had experience of working n large companies, however, they ae likely to have found some ofthe interviews bewildering - | the questioning was very much of the ‘one insider to another’ variety and many viewers will have struggled to follow | what was being discussed, This aspect detracted somewhat ftom whatwas an otherwise compelling insight into the ‘workings of modem companies and may well have caused many viewers to change channels, That's a shame because in general the companies featured inthe series illustrated very well the irpact of modern management theories on a range of large organizations. | | You didn’t need to know anything about business tobe fascinated by the sees Inside Business, which gave an intriguing picture from the inside of how various household name companies actually operate. The companies chosen | | | | | | ST | be said to pif the nom in the word ofthe modem compary. Entertaining as this was, the portrayal ofthe lems begged all sorts of questions which were not touched on inthe interviews. These gave the people in charge a very | easy ride indeed, never challenging them to back up their often vague and contentious pronouncements on their | approach to leadership. Indeed, the viewer will have been left with the surprising fesing that many lrge and apparently | successful orgonizations are run by people who enioy their oles enormously because they avoid the harder aspects of | responsibilty by delegating them to others. | > ‘The series Inside Busines took a serious look at dayt-day life in @ meee large company and it wasn't forthe casual | viowe The series read ome ert to et to gp with he ses covered, npartolarin the interviews, which were not realy accessible to the ay person and were instead conducted as ene expert to another. Having sa that, the viewer ‘vn dd put the effort in was rewanded with an absorbing insight nt the workings ofthese wellinown firms. They | had each been carefully chosen tobe representative of ho large companies are structured and function st present, and thy had mh common With acer The main mesg pt ees was owed tein charge in| adapting toa constantly changing business word. | | J | 12 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS 8EAC ING AND USE OF ENGLISHWhich reviewer hhas a different opinion from the others on the choice of companies to focus on in the series? shares reviewer 8 opinion of the likelihood of viewers losing interest in the series after a while? takes a different view from the others on the impression given in the series of what itis ike to bbe at the top of a large organization? ae fb has a similar view to reviewer C on the questions asked inthe interviews inthe series? ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS READING AivD USE OF EN IsH 13 TusalTEST 1. PART? You are going to read a newspaper article abcut a ship carrying goods across the Atlantic ‘ocean. Six paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose from the paragraphs AG the one which fits each gap (41-45). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet: The wind-lashed workers who battle the Atlantic in winter Even at this stormy time of year in spat us out into the North Sea. lull. But even then, an ordinary Britain, there are thousands of oil According to the weather satellites, day involved unpleasant jobs workers and fishermen offshore, the Atlante was storms frem coast in extreme conditions. I joined as well as a scattering of seafarers to coast, two systems meeting in _a welding party that descended ‘manning the container ships the middle of our course. Cn the _to the hold: a dripping, tilting and tankers that bring us almost far side, ice awaited. We were ‘cathedral composed of vast tanks everything we need. So it was behind schedule, the captain of toxins and organophosphates, that in the depths of bitter winter, desperate for speed. ‘Six-metre where a rusted hatch cover defied hoping to learn what modern waves are OK; any bigger You have a cheap grinder blade in a fountain sailors’ lives ate like, Tjoined the to slow down or you kill your ship of sparks. As we continued west, Maersk Pembroke, a container he said. ‘Maybe we'll be lucky the wind thickened with sleet, then snow as the next storm arrived. freighter, on her regular run from Europe to Montreal She looked ER] so dreadful when I found her in go) Antwerp that Theped nad the, Soon enough we were nthe a ‘midst of those feared storms. A All was well in that regard and, hous nightmare in darkness, a north after the storms, we were relieved Bo] Milani storm i tke a wild dream to enter the St Lawrence River, by day, a region of racing elements The ice was not thick enough to Trade between Europe and North and livid colour, bursting turquoise hinder us; we passed Quebec City ‘America is a footnote to the foam, violent sunlight, and ina glittering blue dawn and ‘great west-east and north-south darkening magenta waves. There is made Montreal after sunset, its runs: companies leave it to older _fittle you can do once committed. downtown towers rising out of the vessels. Pembroke is battered except lash everything down and tundra night, Huge trucks came for and rusty, reeking of diesel and enjoy what sleep you can before it our containers. fishy chemicals. She is noisy, er becomes impossible. Pembroke is bridge and stairwells patrolled more than 200m long and weighs EE] by whistling drafts which rise to more than 38,000 tons, bu the hhowls at sea, Her paintwork is swells threw her about like atin : combined defiance ofthe elements ‘wretched. The Atlantic has stripped toy. Sean cata be woniies I har her bow back to @ rusted steel ‘we call ‘life’ at all. Seafarers are snarl go) not sentimental, but some are quite ___} Wren they it us squarely, the romantic. They would like to think whole ship reared, groaning and we thought of them, particularly It felt like a desperate enterprise staggering, shuddered by stocking when the forecast says storms at (on a winter night, as the tide raced force. We plunged and tottered sea. us down the Scheldt estuary and for three days before there was a But without them and their | |crm Others felt the same, We were ‘the only idiots out here’, as several men remarked, We felt our isolation like vulnerability; proof that we had chosen obscure, quixotic lives. Going out on deck in such conditions tempted death. Nevertheless, the ship's electrician climbed a ladder out there ‘every four hours to check that the cheese and wel-travelled Argentine beef we carried were stil frozen in refrigerated containers. But it does not take long to develop affection fora ship, even the Pembroke =the time it takes her to carry you beyond swimming distance from land, in fact. When | learnt what was waiting for us mid-ocean I became her ardent fan, despite all those deficiencies, There were Dutch bulbs, seaweed fertilizer from Tanzania, Iranian dates for Colombia, SriLankan tea bags, Polish slue, Hungarian tyres, indian seeds, and much besides. The sailors are not told wihat they carry. They just keep the ships ‘going ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AlN5 USE 0} Hoping so, we slipped down-Channel in darkness, with the Dover coastguard wishing us, ‘Good watch, and a safe passage to your destination. The following evening we left the light of Bishop Rock on the Scily Isles behind. ‘When we see that again we know were home, said the second mate. Huge black monsters marched at us ut ofthe north west, striped with White streaks of foam running out of the wind's mouth, The ocean moved in all directions at once and the waves became enormous, charging giants of liquid emerald, each demanding its own reckoning © That feeling must have been obvious to the captain, ‘She's been all over the world’ proud Captain Koop, a 4grey-bristled Dutchman, as quick and confident as a Master Mariner must be, told me. ‘She was designed for the South Pacific he said, wistfully. (GUSH 35TESTA PARTS You are going to read an article about some children. For questions 47-56, choose from the sections of the article (A~£). The sections may be chosen more than once. When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. In which section of the article are the following mentioned? an example of a sign that has become simpler the difference between how the deaf children communicate an image and how other people communicate the same image the fact that the same signs can be used in the communication of a number Cs of ideas Ca Ca the characteristics of languages in general at different stages of their development belief that language is learnt by means of aspecfc part ofthe mind an aspect of language learring that children ere particularly good at how regulary the children have been monitored older children passing thelr sign language on to younger children the reason why the children created a particular sign ‘opposing views on how people acquire languege 16 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISHsn DEAF CHILDREN’S AD HOC LANGUAGE EVOLVES AND INSTRUCTS ‘A deep insight into the way the ‘They sign a circle forthe rolling point was nota complex language brain leams language has emerged ‘motion and then a straightline for but ordinary gestures. From this, from the study of Nicaraguan the direction of movement. This raw material, the deaf children sign language, invented by deat requires more signing, but the two appear tobe spontaneously childzen ina Nicaraguan school assigns can be used in combination ‘fabricating the elements of ameans of communicating among _with others to express diferent language themselves. The Nicaraguan concepts. The developments D__Linguists have been engaged chien are wel-known to of interest to linguists because ina longstanding argument as linguists because they provide it captures a principal quality to whether there isan innate, sn apparently unique example of human language discrete specialized neural machinery of people inventing a language clements usable in different for learning language, as from scratch. The phenomenon combinations -in contrast tothe proposed by Noam Chomsky of started ata schoo! for special fone sound, one meaning of animal the Massachusetts Institute of education founded in 1977, communication. ‘The regularity ‘Technology, or whether everything Instructors noticed that the deaf she documents here - mapping is eamed from scratch. Dr children, wile absorbing litle discrete aspects ofthe world onto Senghas says her finding supports ‘rom their Spanish lessons, had discrete word choices is one of _the view that language learning developed a system of sign for the most distinctive properties of is innate, not rely cultura, talking to one another. As one ‘human language, said Dr. Stoven _since the Nicaraguan children's ‘generation of children taught the Pinker, a cognitive scientist at disaggregation of gestures appears system tothe next, it evolved Horvard University tobe spontaneous. Her result aso from a set of gestures into a © When people with no common upholds the idea that children play far more sophisticated form of language are thrown into contact, an important part in converting communication, and today's 800 they often develop an ad hoc pidgin into a creole. Beeause users ofthe language provide language known to linguists sa children's minds are primed to aliving history of the stages of pidgin language, usually derived ‘eam the rules of grammar, it formation. from one ofthe parent languages. _is thought, they spontaneously The children have been studied _Pidgins are rudimentary systems impose grammatical structure ona principally by Dr. Judy Kegi, ‘with minimal grammar and pidgin that doesnt have one. a linguist at the Univesity of utterances. But in a generation or The Nicaraguan children are Southern Maine, and Dr. Ann two, the pidgins aoquire grammar _aliving laboratory f language Sengias, a cognitive scientist and become upgraded to what generation. Dr. Senghas, who has at Columbia University in New linguists calleeoles. Though many _been visting their school every ‘York City. Inthe latest study, new languages have been crested year since 1990, said she had published in Science magazine, Dr. by the pidgin-creole route, the noticed how the signs for numbers Senghas shows thet the younger Nicaraguan situation is unique, Dr. have developed. Originally the childzen have nov decomposed Senghas said, because its starting children represented ‘20’ by certain gestures into ficking the fingers of both smaller component sigas. hands in the air twice. But ‘Ahearing person asked ‘this cumbersome sign has been replaced with a form that can now be signed with cone hand. The children, don't care that the new sign doesn’t look like a 20, Dr. Senghas said; they just want a symbol that can be signed fast tomime a standard story about a cat waddling down a street will make a single gesture, a downward spiral motion of the hand, But the deaf children have developed two different signs to use inits place, ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH a7 TLsalTEST Writing (1 hour 30 minutes) PART1 You must answer this question, Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 1 Your class has attended a panel discussion an the subject of TV shows that feature members of the public, such as reality TV shows and talent competitions. You have made the notes below. Aspects of reality and talent TV shows ‘+ entertainment for viewers ‘+ influence on young people + effect on participants ‘Some opinions expressedin the discussion: “These programmes are just harmless entertainment and there is, nothing wrong with them” “The influence these programmes can have on young people can be very bad indeed? “People who take part in these programmes can be damaged by the experience’ Write an essay for your tutor discussing wo of the aspects in your notes. You should explain which aspect you think is the most important regarding these TV shows and provide reasons to support your opinion. You may, if you wish, make use of the opi Use your own words as far as possible. icns expressed in the discussion, but you should 18. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. whi7iNGPART2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate styl. 2 Yousee the following announcement in an international magazine. Pg rol oleion et hereon enBucie) Hove you bought a new product recently or had one bought for you? Maybe you've just got a new gadget or piece of technology or equipment. It could be TASaL something for work or leisure. We'd like to heat what you think of it for our Readers’ Reviews Page. Describe the product for readers and give your opinions on it. Do you recommend it? If so, why? If not, why not? Send your review to the address bel Write your review. 3 Yousee the following notice in the place where you work or study. ANNIVERSARY EVENT PROPOSALS ‘As you may know, next year we will have been in existence for 20 years and at a recent ‘meeting it was decided that we should hold a special event to celebrate this achievement. We're now looking for proposals as to what kind of event to hold. Have you gat a good idea fora special event to celebrate our 20th anniversary? Put together a proposal, giving details of Your idea and how the event could be organized, We'll consider all the proposals at @ meeting next month, Write your proposal. 4 Your company is going to make a video for publicity reasons, showing what the company does and the people who work there. Your manager has asked you to write letter to all members of staff telling them about plans for this video. Your letter should explain: = why the video is going to be made = what the video will contain '= what staff members willbe asked to do. Write your letter, ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS WRiNNG 19TESTA Listening (40 minutes) PART 1 You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1~6, choose the answer (A, 8 or ©) which {fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. Extract One ‘You hear two people talking about public speaking. 1. Both speakers refer toa feeling of A. over-confidence. 8. embarrassment. © achievement. 2 The two speakers agree that a big problem with speaking in publicis ‘A. losing the audiences attention during a speech. choosing the wrong content fora speech. CH feeling nervous at the thought of giving a speech. Extract Two ‘You hear part of a radio programme about the London Underground. 3. The poster campaign came at a time when ‘A. various aspects of life in Landon were changing, 8 many people were reluctant to travel on the Underground. CH these of posters for advertising was increasing. 4. What does Zoe say about the content of the posters? A Itonly appealed to a certain typeof person. 8 It contrasted with rea life for many peopl. Og It influenced the lifestyles of some people. Extract Three ‘You hear two people discussing the news medi 5 What opinion does the man express about the news media? A It doesn't deserve its reputation B Ithas become more influential CH Itsstandards have risen, 6 The woman mentions medical stories A. to explain her attitude to the news mediz. B_tolllustrate the importance of the news media. Oa to describe why people dislike the news medi 20. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENINGsiaribeiiae sae PART.2 You will hear part of a talk about the invention of the microwave oven. For questions 7-1, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. ‘THE INVENTION OF THE MICROWAVE OVEN The invention of the rowave oven began when a chocolate peanut bar inParey Spencers pocket. Spencer had previously invented a method for [_________F5 the tubes used in radar equipment. spencer’ first experiment involved putting [J near to some radar equipment. In his next experiment, an egg was put into a kettle and it Co The fist microwave oven was set up in in Boston in 1946, “The fist microwave oven gotits name as a resut of at the company. Cone problem withthe first microwave oven was that did not change colour init. When a microwave oven that could be placed on top of 2 was produced, sales began to rise. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS LISTENING 24 ee {| TLsaLTESTI 22 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS 1ST PART 3 You will hear a radio interview with someone who has been having ballet lessons. For questions 15~20, choose the answer (A, 8, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. 15 What does Rupert say about the fact that he is doing ballet classes? A. Other people have ridiculed him for it. He expects to be mocked for i. tis not as unusual as people might think. D People may think it isn't really true. Rupert says that before he started doing ballet lessons he had been doing routine physical fitness training. his knowledge of ballet had been growing. ballet had taken over from football as his greatest interest. he had been considering doing ballroom dancing again. one>> "7 Rupert says that when the idea of ballet lessons was suggested to him, he thought it was a joke. he was unsure exactly what would be involved. Ca he began to have unrealistic expectations of what he could achieve, he initially lacked the confidence to do it onw> '8 One of the advantages of ballet that Rupert mentions is that it leads to fewer injuries than other physical activities. ithas both physical and mental effects. i] itis particularly good for certain parts ofthe body. itis more interesting than other forms of exercise. one 19 What does Rupert say about the sessions? ‘The content of them is varied ‘Some of the movements in them are harcer than others for him. ca Allof the movements in them have to be done accurately. They dont all involve basic movements. 20 What does Rupert say about his progress at ballet? A Ithas been much more rapid than he had expected 8 thas made him consider giving up his other training. Ca thas given him greater appreciation of the skills of professionals. Ithas ied him to enrol for certain exams.TEST1 aouefouue H rneep sueyeads vey EE] suayeads aueboue 9 [EL] vayeeds oad (_] v saeads es nb 3 fpoow 3 eseyeads esayeads quauesue ss9jare> g EE] 2900s Aayehoy > EE] emeods uses > [E_] teveads uojsnyuo> [EJ veyeeds paouanyur Ausea @ Apedwks y yeonu v ‘94883 upog 232|dul09 asnus nok ue3st| NOK auM cuosiad a anoqo sassascha soyoads unsied ayn fo san6 s2yoads yoo ypva Buyaaf ays })~\ 351) 242 wos asooy> ‘o¢~-92 suojasanb 404 uonduasap aya \4~\ 351) aya wosf asooyp ‘52-12 suoysanb 104 om 9504 uo soy ‘mow Kaur ajdoad snoqo Buryo3 210 ajdoad yoqya uy sizosaxe toys anyf1o2y jy} NO, riuva 23 ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENING.TEST 1 Speaking (15 minutes) PART 1 (2 minutes) 18 Where do you come from? 18 Whats your job / What are you studying? 8 How long have you been learning English? |= What do you ike most and least about your job / course? .. (Why?) © How does a typical day for you start? = Would you say that you have an exciting social ie? .. (Why? / Why not?) ‘= What kind of books do you lke most? Why?) = Do you try to keep fit? If so, how? If not, why not? = Describe the people that you work / study with, © What hobby / hobbies do you have? © What are your aims and ambitions for the future? = What kind of things cause you stress? PART 2 (4 minutes) Things that nnoy people Candidate A Lookat the three photographs 1A, 18 and 1C on page 25 They show scenes from different TV series. ‘Compare two of the photocraphs and say what each series might be about, and what the characters might be like. Candidate A talks on his/her own for 1 minute. | Candidate 8 — Which of the series would you prefer to watch, and why? Candidate B talks on his/her own for about 30 seconds. Candidate 8 — Lookat the three photograghs 2A, 2B and 2C on page 25. They show ‘things that often annoy people. annoying, and what can be done about them. Candidate 8 talks on his/her own for 1 minute. Which of these things annoys you the most, and why? | ‘Compare two of the photographs and say why people find these things Candidate A talks on his/her own for about 30 seconds. 24 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKINGWhat might each TV series be about? = What might the characters be like? = Why do these things annoy people? What can be done about them?TEST1 PART 3 (4 minutes) and PART 4 (5 minutes) Tourism PART 3 Look at page 27, where there are some things that tourists might do before or during a trip to another country. First talk to each other about how importantit is for tourists to do these things before or during a trip to another country. Candidates A and B discuss this together for obout 2 minutes. Now decide which of these things is the most important for tourists to do. Candidates A and B discuss this together for about 1 minute. PART 4 ‘= What changes have taken place in tourism in recent times? = Some people say that tourism does more harm than good. Do you agree? ‘= Which people benefit the most and the least from modern tourism? What isthe difference between ‘tourists’ and ‘travellers? Do you think its better to be cone than the other? (Why? / Why not?) = Some people say that because of tourism, countries all over the world are becoming ‘more similar to each other? Do you agree? Is ths a desirable development? = What developments do you think there will be in tourism in the future? 26 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS SPEAKING| 4 | How important is lea some of it for tourists to do sony atthe language these things before or ae during a trip to another au country? havea plan for every day of the trip meet local people see the famous sights ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKING 27 TASSLEST 2 iE T For questions ‘ read the text below and decide which answer (°, (hour 30 minutes) gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). ‘Mark your answers Example: 9A original B initial, fo] Mary Heath was the 0 Queen of the Skies, one of the best-known women in the world during the 1 age of aviation. She was the first woman in Britain to gain a commercial pilot's licence, the first to 2__a parachute jump ~ and the first British women’s javelin champion. She scandalized 1920s’ British society by marrying three times (at the 3___ of her fame she wed politician Sir James Heath ~ her second husband, 45 years her senior) In 1928, aged 31, she became the fist pilot 1A golden B sweet 2 A put B hold 3A crest B height 4 A covering —_—B stretching 5 Aexciaimed — B declared 6 Aout B left 7 A undertook —_B suffered 8 Alike B equal 28 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS € primary D novel to fly an open-cockpit plane, solo, from South Africa to Egypt, 4 9,000 miles in three months. It was a triumph, Lady Heath was °_____ as the nation’s sweetheart and called “Lady Tearus’ by the press. However, her life was 6 tragically short. Only a year later, she 7_____a horrific accident at the National Air Show in Ohio in the USA, when her plane crashed through the roof of a building. Her health was never the & again, and she died in May 1939, bright D shiny C take D make € fullness D top © crossing D ranging C hailed D quoted C stopped D brought © received D underwent better D same or) bestfits eachPitcairn For questions °~16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers |! CAr Example: BELL a Stuart Hayes had launched himself on a promising career B a swimmer when something odd happened 9______ him at the local pool. Flogging up and down, for the umpteenth time, he suddenly realized 10 bored he had become with the monotony. Wasn't there a k more interesting way of 1i_____ sporty, for heaven's I sake? There was and there is: the colour, sweat and sheer ‘emotion of triathlons. Stuart became a world-class triathlete and won the London Triathlon, the biggest event of 12___kind in the world. Triathlons are 13 but boring. Combining swimming, cycling and running in one physical onslaught, they offer huge variety within a single racing framework. In Britain, the sport is growing by 10 per cent a year. ‘People are moving away 14_____just running, and are looking for new challenges; says Nick Rusling, event director for the London Triathlon. “Triathlons are a 5 ____ deal more interesting to train for and you can vary training to fit busy lifestyles, swimming in your lunch break and 16 on, (CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS SADING ATEST 2 PART 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line, There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN! CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet, Example: o} [wit NIN|E RESTAURANT OF THE YEAR ‘One more chance! That’ all we're giving you to tell us about your favourite restaurant and boost its chances of becoming the 0 cof our Restaurant of the Year competition. This is the last time the official 17, ‘orm will appear in the paper and next Thursday is the final date for 18. of completed forms. Over the past few weeks we have been swemped by a paper mountain asi9 they believe the hotly 24 Once the 22 across the city jot down the compelling reasons why ir 20. competition. has passed, our judges will sit down and count restaurant siould definitely win our all the forms. The three restaurants which receive the most votes will then be visited by the judges. These visits will course be 23 .50 the restaurants themselves will not know that the judges are there, After their visits, the judges will make their final decision over who wins the 24. title Restaurant of the Year’. win NOMINATE RECEIVE DIN CHOOSE DEAD ANNOUNCE PRESTIGEPART 4 For questions 25~30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the {first sentence, using the word given, 00 not change the word given. You must use between ‘three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: © didn't know the way there, sol got lost. er eee eee theres gat lore) [| uowiwe wow vo e=T— KNOWING HOW TO Ger | Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL. LETTERS on the separate answer sheet, ae mn 25 Ietook me some time to understand fully what happened. 4 WHILE a twas: understood what had happened. 26 There's no point arguing about this small detail, in my opinion. WORTH This small detail ‘my opinion. 27 Ifyour order is delayed, we will contact you. DELAY Should to your order, we will contact you. 28 The two situations are completely different. COMMON ‘The two situations dont________each other. 29 | was amazed because there were no problems throughout the holiday. WENT To__wrong throughout the holiday. 30 Ihave no intention of doing another kind of job. DREAM |_ other kind of job. ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS AEADING AND USEOF ENGLISH 32PARTS You are going to read a newspaper article about management. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (2, &, C or) which you think fits test according to the text. ‘Mark your answers: he separat "Simply ticking the boxes isn’t enough have been asked what I think about ‘the idea of ‘Investing in People’. The best answer I can give is that I think ‘that what it tiesto achieve - basically making the link between business improvement and focusing on the reeds ofthe people who work for an organization - is great. My problem is ‘with organizations who subscribe to it as way to help them ‘get better’, when they don’t bother to understand where ‘they went wrong in the frst place. They ‘eed to ask what explicit and implicit polices and procedures they have in place that prevent their people from being able to do the right thing forthe right ressons Tam sure thet there are managers out there who don’t know any better, and assume that to manage they sizply need to put pressure on their people to perform. But people don’t demonstrate high performance because they are told to. They do it because they see the need to doit, and male the choice to doo. They do it because they axe connected to the business goals and they see how their contributions can help achieve them. Such mnagers may tell themselves they can put atic’ inthe ‘we care about people’ box. But simply putting ticks in baxes is no good ifit doesn't reflect reality, 1 know of a company that was 60 concered that its people were doing the ‘right thing’ that it putin place ‘series of metrics to measure theit effectiveness. Sofa, s0 good. But one ofthe objectives ~ making successful sales cals - manifested itself in the 32. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. READING AND ‘metic ‘Number of potential customers seen in one day’ The sales people obviously focused ther efforts on going from one customer's office to another, and not on closing deals. Instead of the ‘employees becoming more effective, ‘they focused on getting the boxes ticked. Good intent; poor thinking. ‘Another company wanted to improve ‘the speed with which it was able to introduce new products. Competition was beating it to the market glace, and consequently the company was losing ‘market share. Senior management sent out the message to reduce the time spent in getting products into customers’ hands, with the explanation ‘that they couldnt afford delays, This was a relatively easy tas, especially since the time spent testing the products was cut in half to accomplish ‘the time reduction. The resull was new products were introduced in less time than those ofthe competion = but soon rejected by customers for poor quality. Good intent; reckless implementation. A third company I know is ying hhard to help employees see that they have some control over thele future, ‘The company instituted a programme CF ENGLISH with a tile like ‘Creating our own future’ or something like that. A ‘good ides; get the people involved in the future ofthe company. But instead of the employees becoming motivated to contribute, they saw it asa hollow exercise on the part of senior management who, in the past, had pad litle attention to anything other than getting the job done so they could report great eernings. Yes, the programme was a big tek the box’ effort, but that was al it was in the minds of the people that it was designed for. A final example is of a company that brought in one of these ‘Investing in People’ programmes to change the ‘way the company was run. Assessors ‘were running around like eran, helping managers examine how they ‘managed. They told managers how they could manage better. And when the programme was over, the company was able to say they had done it~ it had invested in its people and life was now good. But the managers simply went back to business as usual Afterall, the assessors were gone, and they had targets to hit. All these examples are representative of senior management who see the need to improve things in their organization, but don't see how to do it Fore start, programme targeted at improving things is only as good as management's ability to motivate their people. And when the employees simply see the programme as a box- ticking exercise, then i’ hopeless.31 The writer thinks that putting the concept of ‘Investing in People’ into practice ‘A frequently results in confusion among the people tis supposed to help. 8 involves more effort than some organizations are prepared to make. ca may create problems where previously there had not been any problems. is something that some organizations should not attempt to do. '32 The writer’s main point in the second paragraph is that the performance of employees ‘A. may be very good even if management is poor. B cannot be accurately measured by any box is related to their knowledge of the organization as a whole, D isnot as unpredictable as some managers believe it to be. 33 What point does the writer make about the first company he describes? ‘A. [twas not really interested in measuring the effectiveness of employees. B The targets that it set for staff were unrealistic. oy It failed to understand the real needs of its employees. The data that it collected did not measure what it was supposed to measure. 34 What point does the writer make about the second company he describes? A Itmade what should have been an easy task into @ complicated one, Bt failed to foresee the consequences of an instruction, Cea Itmisunderstood why a new approach was required. D Itrefused to take into account the views of employees. '35 What does the writer say about the programme introduced by the third company he mentions? ‘A. Employees did not believe that it had been introduced for their benefit. B Employees felt that it was infact a way of making their jobs even harder. Ca The reason given for introducing it was nat the real reason why it was introduced. _Itwas an inappropriate kind of programme for this particular organization, 36 The writer says that the programme in his final example A. was too demanding for managers to maintain long-term. B was treated as a self-contained exercise by managers. os involved some strange ideas on how managers could improve. D caused managers to believe that their previous methods had been better. ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 38 zisadYou are going to read four extracts from introductions to books on popular culture. For questions 37~40, choose from the extracts 0. The extracts may be chosen more than once. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet, An introduction to popular culture Four writers summarize their beliefs about various aspects of popular culture { | | ‘ | ‘Thewhole concept popular lure’ isa atiny modem onan 2 phenomenon tse tthe undetning of Zny moder soy Exuest tues abound on the Sbjct nine hres mole ances of cadens dented | Sesesbieacorieu tala tay co asters soeroupien sche aba a | atelatively simple matter, Popular culture springs from small groups of like-minded people geting together with new | ‘ideas and then it spreads out to the population at large if they find these ideas appealing. Much of it relates to the | | | | | | | young end for them it gives a happy sense of being separate from other generations and therefore ‘special’ in some way. B Popular culture may once have sprung from the people themselves, and indeed this was the orginal definition of the ‘erm for many experts, but its nalve to consider thet this remains tke case. Instead, it has become something imposed ‘on the public from on high, a business commodity that merely pretends to have its roots inthe creativity of ‘the ‘people but in fact is simply a money-making enterprise lke any othe. What people choose to buy and consume inthe ‘area of popular culture speaks volumes about their society and isa main indicator of what that society is like. This is specially true in the area of ‘youth culture’, where the young gain a sense of self and of belonging vi shared tastes and possessions, Studies of popular culture tend to focus on the more exciting aspects and to ignore the more mundane, ‘hich ironically are often the most interesting. c ‘To summarize it briefly, popular cuiture is developed by the people forthe people and when it has become popular ‘enough, commodified for profit by the business world. Studies of popular culture have proliferated over the years, and experts inthe field have developed their own vocabulary and criteria for analysing it. These studies often stress the social aspects rather than the commercial ones, For the younger participants in popular culture, these issues are irrelevant, as what they get from itis a sense of identifying with pasticular contemporary group, a comforting sense of ‘community. They are disinclined to analyse this themselves, Its worth remembering, however, that at any age, popular culture is often a minority interest today’s metia like to give the imoression thatthe vast majority of people are swept up in it whereas this is frequently not the case. > 1osdinary members ofthe public mere to ead most ofthe woth stds cf popular culture that academies produce, ‘they would find them overblown and ridiculous in taking such everyday and essentially trivial things so seriously. In ‘the media, excitable journalists and experts exaggerate the importance to most people of the current popular culture phenomena, which in reality do not mich ocapy the minds of most people. The on area where these observations | Fray not hold tre, howere, is among the young, were poplar cate can have unde niece, encouraging them | I squire unrealistic ideas about how they can live their ives and therefore potentially having a damaging effect on their futures. One ofthe more interesting aspects of popular culture forall ages sits unpredictability a new phenomenon can suddenly emerge that grips a section of society and that takes the commercial world entirely by surprise forcing it to react swiftly to keep up and to capitalize on that latest phenomencn 34 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS EA0/NVG ANID USE OF Efiner rtsenms Which writer takes a similar view to writer A on studies of popular culture? differs from the others on what causes popular culture to arise? Cs shares writer 8 opinion on the significance of popular culture? im:3] Og has a different opinion from the others on the impact of popular culture on young people? (CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE NGLISH 35. 24saLTEST2 PART? You are going to read a review of an art exhibition. Six paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose from the paragraphs A~G the one which fits each gap (41-46). There is ‘one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. An exhibition of works by the art “A World of Private Mystery: John Craxton RA’ at the Fitzwilliam Museum is @ small shiow, but it does full justice to an artist whose career divides into two parts: the years before and during the Second World War, and the work he did afterwards, when for long periods he lived outside England, It begins with his small-scale landscapes in pen and ink, pastel, gouache and watercolour. identity had matured. With his His subject is arcadia, but a style, subject matter and working distinctly English one in which method all fully formed, itis poets and shepherds sleep and hard to imagine how he would dream amid blasted landscapes _have developed had he remained under darkening skies. Suffused in England after the war, with longing and foreboding, these works reflect the reality of |G] _______] living in @ rain-sodden country "Op his first visit to Greece in under constant threat of foreign 1946, Craxton was swept away beet by the light, colour, landscape, food and people. The dark cloud ‘that hung over the work he did Most of the early work in England lifts and overnight is monochrome. In many his palette changes to clear blue, landscapes, writhing branches green and white. and gnarled tree trunks fill our field of vision. Beneath the go) surface of the self-consciously Goats, fish, cats or a frieze of ‘poetic’ motifs the country he sailors dancing on the edge of shows in these pictures feels the sea: in the Greek paintings claustrophobic and joyless. beautiful creatures move perl as ar reks ad blue waters. The compressed joy AAs this exhibition makes clear, by you find in these pictures doesn’t the age of 25 Craxton's artistic exist elsewhere in British post- 36 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AWD USE OF ENGLISH ist John Craxton war art, With a few interruptions, Craxton would spend the rest of his life in Crete. go) But if there is litte exploration or discovery in Craxton’s later work, you find instead a sense of fullness and completion, a feeling that in accepting his limitations, he remained true to himself. As he once said, ‘I can work best in an atmosphere where life is considered more important than art; then I find it's possible to feel a real person — real people, real elements, real windows ~ real sun above all. In a life of reality, my imagination really ‘works. I feel like an émigré in London and squashed flat? gO It’s most noticeable in the works fon canvas, especially in formal portraits like his 1946 ‘Girl with Cock’ and it's there too in the faceted geometric planes of Greek landscapes like his panoramic view of Hydra of 1960-61. Caxton wasn't an artist of the first rank but he was inimitable. ‘This show is just the right scale and it comes with a beautifully illustrated book about his life and work.‘A. Itcomes across this way even when he uses strong colour, as in one sunlit landscape in particular, where the yellow is harsh and the red murky. t's ‘as though he's painting something hed heard about but never actually sen: sunlight. B_ It was not only London that oppressed his spirit, | think, but the overwhelming power of the new art being made in Paris by Picasso, Mir6 and Léger. In assessing Craxton's work, you have to accept his debt to these artists, and particularly Picasso. And though he would paint arge- scale murals and design stage sets and tapestries, neither his subject matter nor his style changed in any fundamental ‘way during that period. It may sound harsh, but when he decided to lve there permanently, he elected to write himself Out ofthe history of art D Indeed, | well remember how Id step into a large gallery hung oor to ceiling with paintings, and out of the visual cacophony a single picture would leap off the wall. it was always by John Craxton. (My guess is he'd have responded badly to market forces and critical pressure to do new things. What he needed was to develop at his own pace ~ even if at times that meant standing stil, But to do that he had to leave the country. They do so through tightly hatched lines and expressive distortion which ratchet up the emotional intensity, asin his illustrations for an anthology of poetry In these, a single male figure waits and watches in a dark wood by moonlight. Gone are his melancholy sett portraits in the guise of a shepherd or poet - and in their place we find real shepherds (or rather goatherds) tending living animals. Now Craxton is painting a world outside himself, not one that existed largely in his imagination. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 37 ZusaLTEST 2 PART 8 You are going to read an article about various birds in Britain. For questions 47-56, choose from the birds (4-0). The birds may be chosen more than once. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet, Of which are the following stated? Further attempts to increase its numbers were made once initial attempts had proved successful Its population growth isa reflection of how tough its. There is statistical evidence to support the view that its a very popular bird, ‘There was a particular period when its population plummeted. ‘Acriticism could be made of its physical appearance. ‘A common perception of it has proved inaccurate. Growth in its numbers has been much more gradual than desired, Theres reason to believe tat ts progress ina particular region willbe maintained. (EE) ‘Measures taken inthe running of a certain type of countryside have assisted inthe growth of its population, m5) Even though its population has fallen it can frequently be seen in various particular locations. 38. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. READING AND USE OF ENGLISHissn UMM rds in Britain come under scrutiny ‘2 macsive new study, Birds Britannica. A record ofthe avian ‘community in the 21st century, it reveals a continually evolving pattern. ‘Mark Cocker, the principal author of the tome, selects some cases. ‘The ed kites recent rise from a ‘mere handful to several thousands is among the great stories of modern ‘conservtion. Testimony to its lagship Status ia tecent Royal Society for the Protetion of Birds poll which ranked it ‘with the golden eagle and song thrush in the nation’s list of favourite birds. ‘The dramatic spread has hinged on a reintroduction scheme at six sites in England and Scotland using ‘Kites originally taken from Spain and ‘Sweden, The English releases began in the Chiltern in 1989 ancl when these had achieved a healthy population, subsequent introductions were made in ‘Northamptonshire and Yorkshire using ‘mainly English birds. The Scottish releases inthe 1980s and 1990s have resulted in populations totalling more ‘than 50 pais. Altogether there are now bout 3,000 kite in Britain. ‘This highly attractive bird "is confined to jst ve Western European conutris 28 wwellas the north African Titra, and has Mitt LULL the smallest world range af any of ‘ovr breeding birds. eis als a highly ‘sedentary bird anda msjox cause of decline is its great susceptibility tothe ‘cold, The worst case occurred in the ‘wo successive hard winters of 1964 and 1962 when the number fell rom 450 pais to just 10. Memories of ths calamitous decrease, coupled with the bird’ own, ‘tiny size and seeming delicacy, have ‘cemented out sense of n overarching vulnerability. It is one ofthe best British examples where a species’ local arity has been assumed to equal slmest constitutional weakness. All the caution i prfetly understandable as an expression of ou protective instincts towards ‘a muchloved bird, Yet it sits oddly ‘withthe warbler’s continuing tse and expansion toa populetion of 11925 pars by the year 2000. It has ‘undoubtedly ben helped by mild ‘winters as wel asthe intensive ‘management and protection of England's lowland heath. Yet ‘he Dartford Warblers reoent Instory ilusteates how easy its to underestimate the resilience ofa small, rare bird, © White-tailed Eagle tis dificult to judge which is the more exciting conservation achievement ~ the reintroduction ofthis magnificent bird or of red kites. By wingspan and ‘weight, this isthe largest eagle in Europe and one of the bigest of alt birds in Britain, However, i the species itself son a grand scale, the size of the LIMLLLLLLLL LIL d reintroduced population is tiny and the ce of increase agonizingly slow The project involved a remarkable team effort by various UK ceavironmental groups a well s the Norwogian conservationists who organized the capture ofthe donated birds Between 1975 and 1985, they released 82 eagles (39 males and 45 females) from a specil holding area on ‘the Inner Hebridean island of Rhum. [Eight were later recovered dead, but in 1985 came the fst breeding attempt. ‘Two year later, pair of white-tailed eagles produced the ist British-bomn ‘cick in 69 years and every subsequent breeding eeason has seen a small, ‘incremental improvement. There is now an established breeding nucleus spread between th islands of Skye and Mall as well asthe adjacent mainland, and their recent history suggests thatthe whitesailed eagle's increase vill continue throughout northorest Scotland. Bren the seatest fons ‘of this lovely bind, wit its mouse-grey upper parts and whitish breast and belly, would have to admit that it {is rather drab, They have no more than ‘thin, squeaky, smal song. However, spotted flys compensate with enormous chacter ‘They are adept at catching large species such as day-ying moths, ‘utes, bees and wasps, whose stings they remove by threshing the vitim against the pereh, Theft specialized diet means that they are among the latest spring migrants to return and are now in serious decline Dheeause of half a century of pesticide use. Inthe past 25 years, their ‘numbers heve decined by almost 80 ‘er cent, but they ae stil sufcently ‘numerous (155,000 pais) to be familiar and ere often beds of lage gardens, churehyards or around farm buildings (CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS AEADING AND OF ENGLISH 39TEST 2 Writing (1 hour 30 minutes) PART You must answer this question, Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 1 You have watched a documentary about what causes young people to start committing crimes. You have made the notes below. Reasons why young people commitcrimes + lack of control by parents ‘+ absence of opportunities in life + influence of friends ns expressed in she documentary: | “Without firm discipline from parents, some children are likely to get into trouble’ ‘its not surprising that young people who feel they have no chance of a good life tum to crime "The bad influence of people they mix with can cause some young people to take up crime. Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the reasons in your notes. You should explain which cause you think is the most important for young people committing crimes and provide reasons to support your opinion. You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the documentary, but you should use your own words as far as possible. 40 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS \W/RiTING| | PART 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2—< in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 2. Yourecently spent 2 week at an adventure sports centre. A friend is thinking of going to the ‘same place and has sent you an email asking about your experiences there. Reply to your friend, giving information and advice. In your email, you should = explain what you did at the place © describe your feelings during your stay '= advise your friend about going there. Write your email 3. You see the following announcement in an international magazine. LIVE PERFORMANCE REVIEWS WANTED. Have you seen someone perform live who _rest ofthe audience think? Compare the live you had previously only heard on recordings performance with how the same person / fr seen on TV or in films? We'd like you to people perform in recordings or on TV or in send us reviews of concerts by bands you'd films. Were they not so good live, o did you never seen live before or actors you'd never __prefer them live? Did your opinion of them seen on stage. Describe the performance in change? Send your reviews to the address detail, What did you think and what did the below. Write your revi 4 Aspart of an exchange programme, you recently spent a week staying in another country ‘with someone who had previously stayed with you as part of the same exchange programme. ‘You have been asked to write a report on your experience. Your report should include where you went and who you stayed with, and what you did during your visit. t should also include a comparison between your visit and the person's previous stay with you, as well as any points you wish to make about the exchange programme in general Write your report. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS WRITING 41 ZAsaLTEST 2 Listening (40 minutes) PART 4 You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, 8 or C) which {fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. Extract One You hear part of a radio programme about a famous London hotel. 41. The presenter’ aim in her introduction isto AA. correct misunderstandings about the Grend B provide factual information about the Grand, Oa encourage lsteners to go to the Grand, 2 Whatis the manager's attitude towards the customers? |A. He wishes that more of them were not rch people. 8 He treats them allin the same way, regardless of who they are. m2 He always knows instantly what category they belong to. Extract Two You hear two presenters talking on a science programme. 3 The male presenter says that the research produced data on A. the period of time that some teaspoons were missing. B_ how quickly a certain number of teaspoons disappeared. where disappearing teaspoons had gone. 4 The female presenter says that disappearing teaspoons is a topic which A has produced some interesting theories. 8 concems a growing phenomenon. Chas no great significance. Extract Three You hear two people talking about popular music. 5 The woman's main pointis that ‘A itis no longer possible to create genuinely original popular music. 8 all modern popular musi is a poor imitation of older music. Ca C_ popular music has always been an overrated form of music. © What does the woman say about modern performers? A. They are not interested in the views of older people. B They are taking advantage of their audience. Ca They are influenced without realizing it. 42 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTSPART2 You will hear part of a talk about best-selling books. For questions 7~14, complete the sentences. FEATURES OF BEST-SELLING BOOKS ‘The most popular celebrity autobiographies allfocus onthe [Sw of the celebrity. Some popular celebrity autobiographies have no in them, The top-seling cookery books create a sense of [El that appeals to people. People who buy the most popular cookery books are most likely to use a recipe from them for, ee {| People buy the bestselling sports books because of the in them. ‘A common feature of popular history books is that they contain []). which make them interesting to ordinary readers Best-selling self-help books now tend to focus on giving advice on how people can make progress with their [I Incrime fiction, the [EE connected with solving crimes have become a main feature of best-sellers. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS LISTENING 43, Z4saLTEST 2 PART 3 You will hear a radio discussion about writing a novel. For questions 15~20, choose the answer (A, 8, C oD) which fits best according to what you hear. 415 What does Louise say about Ernest Her [A itis useful to a certain extent. 8 Itapplies only to inexperienced novelists. os Ee lt wasrrt intended to be taken seriously. Itmight confuse some inexperienced novelists. \gway's advice to writers? 16 Louise says that you need to get feedback when you ‘A. have not been able to write anything for some time. Bare having difficulty organizing your ideas. are having contrasting feelings about whet you have written. have finished the book but not shown it to anyone, 17 Louise says that you should get feedback from another writer because Ati easy to ignore criticism from people who are not writers. another writer may be kinder to you than friends and relatives. itis hard to find other people who will make an effort to help you. another writer will understand what your intentions are, 418 What does Louise regard as useful feedback? A. a combination of general observations and detailed comments B_ both identification of problems and suggested solutions cs comments focusing more on style than on content D__as many points about strengths as weakn2sses 19 What does Louise say about the people she gets feedback from? A. Some of them are more successful than her She doesn't only discuss writing with then. oy She also gives them feedback on their work D Itisntt always easy for her to get together with them, 20 One reaction to feedback that Louise mentions is that A itis justified but would require too much effort to act on. it focuses on unimportant details rather than key issues. Ca it has been influenced by reading other people's novels. D itis not suggesting that major changes to the novel are required. 44 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENINGTEST 2 suena 243 uo sm20)4upINO>| 1 uogensuowep eH [EL] sumyeods Sones pofolue auotiang 9 EE] suyeods Buppame 9 _— “pus aun asoreq yeti Fv avods fated Bumeaje 4 juounre ue sem 04 jaune [EL] careads 4 eaayeeds fea ‘Apeq pawean sem! a E vounesjoopse a ‘reo papua n> EL) 2m eds Jared fepinige > vauodue mauy Aipuey| g Tieyeads bunsawe g popuane-jomausema} y soe '545@} 420q a39|duo9 su NOK Uarsy| Nod ALY, staypads yooa 03 Buypi0220 ‘gnogo Buryj03 51 zayoads pauaddoy yoym }1~y 384] 243 wosf asooy> ‘0¢-92 suosanb 104 Yypoa quana ay3 |v 3S1j 242 Woaf asooyD 'G2—Tz SuoWsanb 404 om y801 2u0 350 “papusnao Aaya sjuara.anoqo Gury} 210 ajdoad yotye ut si9013x9 2104s any s09y J)94 NO, viva 5 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENIN!TEST 2 Speaking (15 minutes) PART 4 (2 minutes) = Where do you live? ‘8 Who do you live with? = Whyis learning English useful or important to you? = What reasons do other people have for learning English? 18 What kind of things do you do with your friends? 1» How biga part does watching TV play in your life? = Do you keep a diary? IF so, what do you write init? If nat, why not? = What meals do you have each day, and when? ‘= How much traveling, within your own country and abroad, have you done? '= What do you like doing the most during your free time? (Why?) | | | | 1» What kind of technology devices do you own and use regularly? | | ‘= What household chores do you yourself co at home? PART 2 (4 minutes) 1 Glamorous tives 2. Learning a skill Candidat Look at the three pairs of photographs 1A, 1B and 1C on page 47, They show people with careers that are considered glamorous. Compare two of the pairs o% photographs and say what you think each person's life and personality might be like. Candidate A talks on his/her own for1 minute. Candidate ® Which of the people woule you most or least like to be, and why? Candidate B talks on his /he: own for about 30 seconds. Candidate 8 —Lookat the three photographs 2A, 2B and 2C on page 47. They show people taking classes in order to learn a skill. Compare two of the photographs and say why the people might be taking the classes, and what might be involved in learning each skill. Candidate B talks on his/her own for 1 minute. Candidate A Which of the skills have you learnt, or would you most lke to have, and why? Candidate A talks on his/her own for about 30 seconds. 46 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKINGWhat do you think the people's lives are lke? = What do you think the people's personalities are lke? = Why might the people be taking the classes? 8 What might be involved in learning each skill ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS 5: AKINGTEST 2 PART 3 (4 minutes) and PART 4 (5 minutes} Young people PART 3 Look at page 49, where there are some issues that young people might care about. First, talk to each other about how much young people care about these issues. Candidates A and B discuss thi together for about 2 minutes. Now decide which issue young people in general care about the most. Candidates A and B discuss this together for about 1 minute. PART 4 = Some people say that life is easier today for young people than it used to be. Do you agree? .. (Why? / Why not?) = What things do you think that all young people should be able to have and to do? = What kind of things are expected of young people today, and why? Are these expectations fai? .. (Why? / Why not?) = What kind of things can young people learn about life from talking to older people? ‘= How much influence do you think young people’ families have on them? Do you think that their friends have more influence on them? .. (Why? / Why not?) = What kind of problems do young people typically have today? What causes these problems? 48. CAMBRIDGEENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKINGHow much do young people care about these issues? world problems, eg. poverty CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKING 49 ZASaLReading and Use of English (hour 30 minutes) PART For questions \-8, read the text below and decide which answer (®, 8, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). ‘Mark your answers ori the separate answer sheet. Example: 0 Arregatded ——_—B said C presented proposed Thomas Cook could be 0 to have invented the global tourist industry. He was bom in England in 1808 and became a cabinet- maker. Then he 1 on the idea of using ‘the newly-invented railways for pleasure trips and by the summer of 1845, he was organizing commercial trips. The frst was to Liverpool and featured a 60-page handbook for the journey, the 2____of the modem holiday brochure. ‘The Paris Exhibition of 1855 3 him to create his fist great tour, taking in France, Belgium and Germany. This also included a 1A dawned B struck 2 A pioneer B forerunner 3 A livened B initiated 4A breakthrough B leap 5A kept B took © A apart B aside 7 A flowing B going 8 A scene B area 50 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. 8 EAI AND USE 0) remarkable 4 ~ Cook's first eruise, an extraordinary journey along the Rhine. The expertise he had gained from this 5 hhim in good stead when it came to organizing a fantastic journey along the Nile in 1869, Few civilians had so much as set foot in Egypt, let 6____travelled along this waterway through history and the remains of a vanished ivilization 7____ back thousands of years. ‘Then, in 1872, Cook organized the first conducted. of travel has not world tour and the & been the same since. hit D crossed prior D foretaste € launched ——_D inspired stea D headway € toad D made € alore D away running D passing land D worldPART2 For questions 3-16, read the text below and think of the word which bestfits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). on the separate answer sheet. Write your answers |) CAPITAL LETTE! Bits of history (of bits) | on the auction block In the spring of 1946, J. Presper Eckert and John Maunchly sent out a business plan for a company that 0 sell “electronic computers. In their eight-page proposal for § financing of this enterprise, sent to a small group of prospective backers, the two engineers predicted that the market for 10 a machine might consist 1___scientific laboratories, universities and. government | agencies. Such 12___ the beginnings of the Electronic Control Company of Philadelphia, which produced the Univac, the fist computer 3. be commercially sold in the United States. At an auction around 60 years later, the original typescript of the Eckert-Maunchly proposal was sold as part of a collection called ‘The Origins of Cyberspace’, which contained about 1,000 books, papers, brochures and 14 ____ artefacts from the history of computing. ‘Two items 15____ particular generated interest among prospective bidders, 15 ___ were the Eckert-Maunehly business plan and a technical journal containing the idea for TCP / IP, the standard system for the transmission of information over the Internet. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USEOF ENGLISH StTEST 3 PART3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line, There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. Example: o| {s{talR ALICIA RHETT ~ THE STAR WHO ONLY APPEARED IN ONE FILM Alicia Rhett was an actress who rose to international 0_____inthe STAR 1939 film Gone With the Wind. In the film, which enjoyed 17 PHENOMENON success and is among the most popular ever made, she played the part of India Wilkes, the serious young woman whose love for the dull and timid 18___character, Charles Hamilton, CENTRE is spurned in favour of Scarlett O'Hare, Despite the films 19 LAST acclaim, however, it was to be her only screen ole. While Alicia later insisted that she ‘enjoyed the experience immensely’, she was 20.__ to the life of @ Hollywood star. An intensely sur private individual, she lacked the drive and ambition of 21____ like CONTEMPORARY Joan Crawford or Bette Davis, and went on to reject all subsequent roles from agents and 22______. Though fans continued to hound PRODUCE her with requests for 23__ photographs seven decades later, SIGN letters went 24__and requests for interviews were seldom granted. 52 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS 2EADING AND USE OF ENGLISHPART 4 For questions 25~30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the {first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between ‘three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: © Ididn't know the way there, so| got lost. GET Not___ there, I got lost [fo] [KNowING How TO Get Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. 25 I've been too busy to answer my emails, but ll do it soon. ROUND |___ my emails yet. but I doit soon. 26 The ambulance came within minutes. MATTER t____ before the ambulance came. 27 Experts say that things are bound to improve. oust Experts say that thereis_________ better. 28 Jake was the person who started my interest in collecting pottery. Got t____in collecting pottery. 29 He really wanted to impress the interviewers. DESPERATE He___ the interviewers a good impression 30 Because he was injured he couldnt play in the next game. PREVENTED His________in the next game. ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENG Is 53 e4S3LTEST 3 PARTS You are going to read an extract from a novel. For questions 21-26, choose the answer (A 8, CorD) which you think fits best according to the text. Mark your answers on th "Phhitty or so years after he arrived in London, chanu decided that it was time to see the sights. “AIL saw was the Houses of Parliament. And that ‘was in 1979: It was a project, Much equipment was needed. Preparations were made. Chanu bought a pair of shorts which hung just below his knees. He tried them on and filled the numerous pockets with a compass, guidebook, binoculars, bottled water, ‘maps and two types of disposable camera. Thus loaded, the shorts hung at mid-calf. He bought a baseball cap and wore it around the flat with the visor variously angled up and down and tumed around to the back of his head. A money belt secured the shorts around his waist and prevented them from reaching his ankles. He made a list oF tourist attractions and devised a star rating system that encompassed historical significance, something he termed ‘entertainment factor’ and value for ‘money. The girls would enjoy themselves. They were forewarned of this requirement. On a hot Saturday morning towards the end of July the planning came to fruition. ‘I've spent ‘more than half my life here’ said Chamu, ‘but I've hardly left these few streets’ He stared out of the bus windows at the grimy colours of Bethnal Green Road. ‘All this time I have been struggling and struggling, and I've barely had time to lift my head ‘and look around? ‘They sat at the front of the bus, on the top deck. Chanu shared a seat with Nazneen, and Shahana ‘and Bibi sat across the aisle, Nazneen crossed her ankles and tucked her feet beneath the seat to make ‘way for the two plastic carrier bags that contained their picnic. ‘You'll stink the bus out, Shahana had said, ‘I'm not sitting with you’ But she had not ‘moved away. “It's like this; said Chanu, ‘when you have all the time in the world to see something, you don't bother to see it. Now that we are going home, | have become a tourist! He pulled his sunglasses from his forehead onto hhis nose. They were part of. ‘the new equipment. te answer sheet, He tuned to the girls. ‘How do you like your holiday so far?” Bibi said that she liked it very well, ‘and Shahana squinted and shuffled and leaned her head against the side window. ‘Chama began to hum. He danced with his head, ‘which wobbled from side to side, and drummed out a rhythm on his thigh. The humming appeared to ‘come from low down in his chest and melded the general tune of the bus, vibrating on the bass notes. Nazneen decided that she would make this day unlike any other. She would not allow this day to disappoint him. ‘The conductor came to collect fares. He had a slack-Jjawed expression: nothing could interest him. “Two at one pound, and two children, please; said Chanu. He received his tickets. ‘Sightseeing’ he annourced, and flourished his guidebook. ‘Family holiday’ “Right! said the conductor. He jingled his bag, looking for change. He was squashed by his job. The ceiling forced him to stoop. “Can you tell me something? To your mind, does the British Museum rate more highly than the National Gallery? Or would you recommend the gallery over the museum?" ‘The conductor pushed his lower lip out with his tongue, He stared hard at Chanu, as if considering ‘whether to eject him from the bus. “In my rating system; explained Chanu, ‘they are neck and neck, It would be good to take an opinion from a local? “‘Where've you come from, mate?" “Oh, just two blocks behind; said Chamu. ‘But this is the fist holiday for twenty or thirty years’ The conductor swayed. It was still early but the bus was hot and Nazneen could smell his sweat. He looked at Chamu's guidebook. He twisted round and locked at the girls. At a half-glance he knew everything about Nazneen, and then he shook his head and walked away. 54 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS ®=ADINUC AlvD USE OF ENGLISH31 Inwhat sense was the sightseeing trip a‘project'(line 4)? Chanu felt a duty to do it. It was something that Chanu had wanted to do for a long time. Chanu took it very seriously. D It was something that required a good deal of organization. 32 The descriptions of Chanu's clothing are intended to A show how little he cared about his appearance. create an impression of his sense of humour. create amusing visual images of him. show how bad his choice of clothes always was. Chanu had decided to go on a sightseeing trip that day because A. he regretted the lack of opportunity to do so before. B he felt that it was something the girls ought to do. he had just developed an interest in seeing the sights. he had grown bored with the area that he lived in. 24 As they sat on top of the bus, Nazneen began to regret bringing so much food with them, the girs felt obliged to pretend that they were enjoying themselves. CChanu explained why he had brought the whole family on the trip. the family members showed different amounts of enthusiasm for the trip. > When Chanu showed him the guidebook, the conductor made it clear that he wanted to keep moving through the bus. appeared to think that Chanu might cause a problem. initially pretended not to have heard what Chanu sai, felt that he must have misunderstood what Chanu said ‘What was strange about Chanuis use of the word ‘local? ‘A. Itwas not relevant to the places he was asking about. It could equally have been applied to him, © He was not using it with its normal meaning D He had no reason to believe it applied to the conductor. (CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS AEADING Av USE OF EN 55 €usaLTEST3 PART 6 You are going to read four extracts from biographies of a former political leader. For questions 37-40, choose {from the biographies \-D. The biographies may be chosen more than once. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheets A career at the very top of the political ladder | Four biographers assess one national leader's political career | A ‘The overall impression one gets of him is of someone whose true ambitions lay outside politics, and for whom political leadership was more of a CV item than a duty bor of a desire to serve his country. A shreved and manipulative operator, hhe kmew how to make the right alliances to get himself into the positions he wanted, and once his term of offioe was cover he continued in that vein outside politics. The legacy of his time n office is a contrasting one. Top of thelist in the plus column is the tremendous progress he made in narrowing the gap between rich and poor as a result of policies he personally championed against considerable opposition. Less creditable isthe fact that many ofthe problems that restilted ftom his time in office can be lad at his door too and there were repercussions he should have foreseen. sense in themselves and at almost any other time would have had a positive impact, but circumstances beyond his control conspired to tum them into disasters for the country It could perhaps be said that this was made worse by the ‘act that he was somewhat gulible, setting far too much store by the questionable advice of key figures around him. He 1o9e to power with a sincere belief that he could improve the lives of people at every level of society, although it could be said that selFinterest later guided him more than this initial desire. Probably the most positive thing that can be said about his term of ofice is that he minimized the impact of some tough economic times, steering the country through ‘them with reasonable success, which was no mean feat. B Cn pnt i ie a inet | | c Views dif widely on what sort of man he was a ead, with conflicting testimony from those onthe inside, What emerges is someone who appeared decisive bt who in reality tended to heieve what he was told by trusted advisers | and experts, and was too easily swayed by them, His unquestioning thin such people led him to tyto implement | changes that were fa too radical for the time andi is fair to say that he was at ful forgoing alongwith this approach | ‘that was advocated by others. On the positive side, his main achievement was to make the country more competitive | ‘economically by means of some well-considered initiatives, though these later turned out to have only short-term | impact. This reflected the commitment to modernize the country thathad been at the entre of his campaign and the | ‘reason why he had aspired to the leadership in the first place. | D He was driven to the top by a genuine belief thet he knew best and that his critics were incapable of seeing that his policies would indeed produce very real improvements across the board. Though he made a show of listening to advice from others, he was in reality inflexible, This led him to continue to parsue policies that were manifestly not working and he should have accepted that a change of direction was required. He had one of the sharpest minds of any leader in recent history, and an ability to analyse situations forensically, but at key times he failed to apply these qualities and carried on regardless ofthe inadvisability of doing so. Nevertheless, he succeeded in one major way: he made society ‘more equal and in so doing improved the lot of many ofthe less well-off members of it. 56 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS ADINVG AND USE OF ENGLISHWhich biographer has a different opinion from the others on the extent to which the subject was personally responsible for problems caused by his policies? shares biographer D's view on the subject's personal characteristics asa leader? differs from the others on the subject's motivation for becoming a politcal leader? expresses a similar view to biographer A on what the subject's greatest achievement was? ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 57 €1salYou are going to read a newspaper article about singing in choirs. Six paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose from the paragraphs A~G the one which fits each gap (41-46). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. ‘Mark your answers Introducing choral music to children is like opening a door to a magical world Here's an important question. What's calming, therapeutic, healthier than drugs, and could well prolong your life? Answer: singing in a choir. go In fairness, there was a specific angle to this study, which compared the collective experience of choral singing to that of taking part in team sports. Choirs apparently win hands down, because there's ‘a stronger sense of being part of a meaningful group’, related to ‘the synchronicity of ‘moving and breathing with other people’ And as someone who since childhood has used singing as a refuge from the sports field, I take no issue with that. 2 know there are occasional initiatives. From time to time T et invited as a music critic to the launch of some scheme or other to encourage more collective singing ‘among school-age children. There are smiles and brave words. Then, six months later, everything goes quiet ~ until the next launch of the next initiative. i Lknow a woman who's been trying, hard to organize a performance of Benjamin Britten's Noye's Fludde perhaps the greatest work ever devised for young children to sing together ~ asa tribute to the ‘composer's centenary this year. But has she found her local schools responsive? Sadly not: it was all too much trouble. a We sang Herbert Howell's Like as the Hart. And whatever it ald ot didn’t do for my cardiovascular system, my emotional heath, or any ofthe other things that turn up in research papers, it was the most significant experience of my childhood. It opened a world to which I1-year-olls from unfashionable parts of east London don't generally get access. It was magical, transcendent. I spoke possibilities. 58 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SE 0 | ‘The other weekend Iwas in Suffolk, celebrating Britten, where in fact there were a lot of children privileged enough to be pulled into the centenary events. There was a great Noye's Fludde in Lowestoft, And on the actual birthday countless hordes of infant voices piled into Snape Maltings to sing Britten's school songs, Friday Afternoons, part of a project that involved 100,000 others, Intemationally, doing likewise. ——— Just think: if we could finally get Britain's children singing, it would filter upwards. And we wouldn't need university researchers. We'd Just do it, and be all the better for it5 A. Itwas an extraordinary experience that many of those children will carry with them all their lives, like my experience all those years ago. There’ a plan for it to be repeated every year on Britten's birthday. But that will only happen if there are resources and sustained ‘commitment (for a change). Infact, Ihave no argument with any of these piles of research bring them on, the more the better - because what ‘they have to say is true. The only thing | find annoying is that such an endlessly repeated truth results in relatively little action from the kind of people who could put it to good use. One of my enduring life regrets is that I never got the chance to take part in such an event asa child. guess | went to schools where it was also too much trouble. But | did, just once, aged 11, get ‘the chance to go with a choir and sing at Chelmsford Cathedral But being there was even better. And as Iwas siting near the choir - who were magnificent ~ | saw the faces of the boys and thought how fabulously privileged they were to have this opportunity given tothem, ‘And that, for me, is what a choir can offer. All the physical and mental pluses are a happy bonus. But the joy and thrill of access to that world of music is what counts, Its not a new discovery: there are endless dissertations on the subject, libraries of research, and celebrity endorsements, But people have short memories. So every time another academic paper is published, it gets into the news - which was what happened this week when Oxford Brookes University came up with the latest “singing is good for you" revelation. ‘The hard fact is that most state schools don't bother much with singing, Unless someone in the hierarchies of government steps in to make it worth their while, They say they don't have the resources or the time, And even when ‘a worthwhile singing project drops into their lap, they turn it down, ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 59TEST3 50 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. READING ANID U PART 8 You are going to read an article about various paintings. For questions 47-56, choose from the paintings (A~0). The paintings may be chosen more than once. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. OF which painting are the following stated? Itis of something that no longer exists. The artist points out that tis based on things actually observed, even though it, doesn't depict them accurately. ‘The artist specializes in things that most pecple regard as ugly. ‘A deduction that could be made about whats happening in itis not what the artist is actually showing. The artist took a risk while creating it. ‘The artist checks that nothing important is missing from preparatory work. tt was completely altered in order to produce various connections. Its artist produces paintings in diferent locations. In one way itis unlike any other painting the artist has produced. ‘The artist likes to find by chance subjects that have certain characteristics. OF ENGLISH Cs Ce Ca ca Ca a C3 Ca CaWatercolour competition First prize ‘aol Robertson intrtpted Feld Carol Robertson's Interrupted Field is a worthy winner, 4 more or less geometric composition that exploits the qualities of eveny-applied washes of colour. The paloting is vast "the largest I've ever attempted’ ~ 30 the big, even area of bse in the centre, apart from anything else, something of a technical achievement. Robertson is keen to stress that her abstract compositions are firmly rooted in reality. Though she doesn't ‘sek to confirm of record the way the ‘world looks, her work is never disconnected from the natural world, so the coloured stripes and bands in this painting havea specific source, Over the past five years, Robertson has heen working in Ilan, on the nomtitest coast of County Mayo, Te coloured stripes stimulate ‘memories of coastal landscape, brightly painted cottage, harbours and fishing boat, things seen out ofthe corner of my eye as I explored that coastine by car and on fot. The colour mirors the fragments of life that caught my eye aginst a background of sea and sky! Runners up Geoffrey Wynne Quayside Geoffrey Wynne describes himself as ‘an open-air ‘impressionist watercolour painter’, though he adds that “Tanger works, this prize-winning picture among them, “are developed in the studio’ Perhaps the most noteworthy aspect of this painting Is the sheer number of people in it According to the title, they are on a quay somewhere, and the number ‘of suitcases they have with them suggests they have just landed from a boat on the frst stage of holiday. “Yes, that’s almost right; Wynne told me, "except that ‘we'te on the boat in the early morning, just artived back from Mallorea, and the people are waiting to get ‘on, This painting took a long time to finish, and many earlier attempts were abandoned. To achieve a unity, I ‘Immersed the half-finished painting in the bath, then added the black with a big brush, Its dangerous to do, because you can't really control the effects. Then I reworked everything, establishing links with colour and tone throughout the composition, creating a kind of ‘wed or net of similar effects! Arthur Lockwood Carbonizer Tower Arthur Lockwood las a big reputation among, ‘watercolour painters and watercolour enthusiasts, chiefly for his accomplished pictures of industrial sites, stubjects that are generally thought to be unsightly, but hhave striking visual qualities all thetr own. Among them {sa kind of romanticism stimulated by indications of * decay and the passing of irecoverable time, Lockwood's subjects are, afterall, ruins, the modem equivalent if Gothic churches overgrown by ivy. He aims not only to reveal those qualities, but to make a visual record of places that are fast being destroyed. SE This painting, a good ‘example of his work in general, sone of an ‘extensive series on the same subject, What we see is part of a large industrial plant that once made smokeless coal briquettes, It has ‘now been closed and demolished to make way for a ‘business park D Michael Smee. Respite at The Rayal Ook ‘Michael Smee was once a successful stage and television designer. This is worth stressing, because this prize-winning painting makes a strong theatrical Impression. Smee agrees, and thinks It has much to do with the carefully judged lighting. ‘AS a theatre designer, you make the set, which comes to life only wwe i He ‘Smee prefers to happen on pubs and cafés that are intriguing visually and look as though they might be ‘under threat, He has a strong desire to record “not only the disappearing pub culture peculiar to this country, Dut also bespoke bar interiors and the individuals therein: He works his paintings up from informative sketches. ‘T get there early, before many people have arrived, sit in the comer and scribble away. Then, once the painting is in progress in the studio, 1 make a return visit to reassure myself and to note down what I previously overlooked! His main aim isn’t topographical accuracy, however; i's to capture the appearance of artificial and natural light together, as well as the reflections they make. ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 6 © 4SaLTEST 3 Writing (hour 30 minutes) PART You must answer this question. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 41 Your class has attended a panel discussion on what are the greatest advantages of digital and ‘computer technology for people in their everyday lives. You have made the notes below. Advantages of digital and compute: ‘technology in everyday life [+ communication + access to information + shopping and services ‘Some opinions expressed inthe discussion: ‘Being able to contact anyore at any time in any place is obviously the greatest advantage’ “The fact that people can instantly look up something and find out about it, o learn somethingnew, is the greatest advantage." “You don't need to go out or spend a fong time buying or paying for things and that’s the greatest advantage.” Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the advantages in your notes. You should explain which advantage you think is the greatest for people in their everyday lives and provide reasons to support your opinion. You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, but you should use your own words as far as possible. 52 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS \WiTINGPART 2 Write an answer to onc of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 2 You have seen this announcement in an international magazine. | ‘he tocai council has created a new fund to provide financial assistance to people setting up new small businesses. Anyone wishing to set up a business but lacking the funds to do so is invited to send a proposal for their business to the relevant department of the council, giving details of what it would involve, how it would be set up and what the funds would be used for. Write your propo: ‘As a member of the entertainments committee atthe place where you work or study, you have been asked to write a report on the events that the committee organized over the past year. In your report, you should describe events that took place and what they involved, say whether they were successful or not, and comment on the organization of them. Write your report. You have just returned from a trip during which you rented an apartment for a week. You were very pleased with the accommodation and you have decided to write a review of it for a travel website. In your reviews, describe your experience of renting the apartment, say what the apartment was like, and explain why you enjoyed your stay there. Write your: ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS W/iIN 63 €41S3LTEST3 84 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS 1ST=I Listening (40 minutes) PART1 You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, & or C) which Jits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. Extract One ‘You hear two people talking about reading boots aloud for children. 4. The second speaker says that she believes that A. her children enjoy listening to her read aloud, B. she shares a reading habit with other parents, parents should read aloud to children 2 What do both speakers talk about? A. their children’s reactions when they read aloud to them their selfish motives for reading aloud to their children thelr dramatic approach to reading aloudto their children Extract Two You hear a part of a radio programme. 3. The presenter says that some people start abusiness with a friend because A they have worked well together in the past. B. their friend persuades them to do it. they lack the courage to do it alone. 4 What was Dean's problem with his partner? A. He refused to take part in an important aspect of the business. His personality changed after they started the business. C He often criticized the business decisions Dean made. Extract Three You hear two people on a radio programme talling about running. 5. Who are the two speakers? A. successful athletes B fitness experts, C sports journalists 6 Both speakers agree that, to improve as a runner, runners should AA limit the amount of training they do. B_ develop their own personal training mettods. vary the focus of their trainingPART 2 You will hear someone who works as alfe coach talking about her work. For questions 7-14, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. BEING A LIFE COACH ‘The speaker tells people who ask her that her work is connected with the ‘The speaker says that most people concentrate too much on what she calls their ‘The speaker cals the plan to achieve a specific goal a ‘The speaker gives as an example of a personal goal increasing your ability at CE. ‘The speaker gives as an example of a business goal thinking of new CT ‘The speaker says that sessions are conducted in a way that prevents any a 2 ‘The speaker says that sessions do not involve dealing with a person's The speaker says that ife coaches enable people to become Ey ‘themselves. ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICETESTS LISTENING 65 e1SaLPART 3 You will hear a radio discussion about children who invent imaginary friends. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, &, Cor D) which fits best according to what you hear. 15 In the incident that Liz describes, ‘A. her daughter asked her to stop the car. B she had to interrupt the journey twice. Cs she got angry with her daughter D_ her daughter wanted to get out ofthe car. 116 What does the presenter say about the latest research into imaginary friends? ‘A It contradicts other research on the subject. 8 Itshows that the number of children whe have them is increasing. It indicates that negative attitudes towards them are wrong, It focuses on the effect they have on parents. How did Liz feel when her daughter had an'maginary friend? ‘A_ always confident that it was only a temporary situation 8 occasionally worried about the friends importance to her daughter slightly confused as to how she should respond sometimes D_ highly impressed by her daughter’ inventiveness TEST 3 18 Karen says that one reason why children have imaginary friends is that ‘A. they are having serious problems with their real friends. 8 they can tell imaginary friends what to de. ce they want something that they cannot be given. they want something that other children haventt got. 19 Karen says that the teenager who had invented a superhero is an example of ‘A. avery untypical teenager. B_aproblem that imaginary friends can cause. ca something she had not expected to discover. Dhow children change as they get older, 20 According to Karen, how should parents react to imaginary friends? A. They should pretend that they lke the imaginary friend, They shouldn't get involved in the childs relationship with the friend, Ca They should take action ifthe situation becomes annoying, D_ They shouldn't discuss the imaginary frierd with their child 56 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENING eeTEST 3 “31 2no| ays asneDaq ‘jsnuu ut panjonur a6 fuo pynoys ajdoad sawaseid opese 11 teindod aq skeme ja sisque BwWOS staunojsad Jo saBeuew e 9 $1992245 -paanons skemye jim auayer [eau ym ajdoa guayeads & Pi ye Mm aUaje ees uM aydoad 4 a foesdsceae [EL] vuayeods “ssoutsng >isnw aun Jo [EL] viereads maya onsyeos e ane ov BCU SISRAY 3 uae 3 FE] cye0ds [EL] esre2ds ‘ssaujsng 2snu auf = Jaumognpe a zuayeads uy ajdoad ysauoysip 30 sto axe are, E_] zexe0ds EL] trvods 's920ns sJ8Up anlasap 3UOP FE] tveods samaynase > umouy-jam auios2q oym ajdoad awos > _ “aynyjna Jo ued queyodw Ue s} IIs g : seaubua orpnas Bupiozase y ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENING 67 ‘poinb Kian a6 ueyp >smu w s=xseL '598€} y0q 973{dw03 snut Nok U9ySH| NOK B}LYA -sassaudxe soyoads pve uoyuido ayp 14-35) 4p woufasooy> ‘0s~92 suomsonb 404 “Bupyoeds 5 oym }-v 25) 242 weuf as00y> ‘sere suonsonb 104 om 4501 au0 ys0y ‘Aaisnpu 2Isnui ayz anogo Buryi02 aio ajdoad y>qym wy sirasax90ys antf10—Y [11M NOKT 3 TE! a, Speaking (15 minutes) PART 1 (2 minutes) = How did you get here today? 1 How do you normally travel to the place where you work or study? ‘= How have you been learning English? ‘= What aspects of learning English have you found most and least enjoyable? .. (Why?) ‘= What are your main sources of entertainment? = What kind of films do you enjoy? .. (Why!) ‘= How do you normally communicate with friends and family? = Would you say that you have a healthy lifestyle? .. (Why? / Why not?) = What kind of news do you keep up to date with? | Do you like parties? If so, what kind of parties do you like most? If not, why not? = Which person / people do you usually see every day? = Do you have alot of free time? (Why / Wry not?) PART 2 (4 minutes) 1 Running 2. Speaking in public Candidate A Lookat the three photographs 1A, 18 and 1C on page 63. They show people running, ‘Compare two of the photographs and say why the people might be running, and what kind of nes they may have. Candidate A talks on his/her own for 1 minute. | Candidate 8 — Which of the pictures is closest to something you have done or experienced, and why? Candidate B talks on his/her own for about 30 seconds. Candidate 8 — Look atthe three photographs 2A, 28 and 2C on page 68. They show people speaking in public. Compare two of the photographs and say what the people might be talking about, and what the situation might be. Candidate B talks on his/her own for1 minute, Candidate A Which of the speakers would you prefer to listen to, and why? Candidate A talks on his/her own for about 30 seconds.= Why do you think the people are running? = What do you think the people's lives are like? = What do you think the speakers are talking about? = What do you think the situation is? 2A 28 ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKING 69PART 3 (4 minutes) and PART 4 (5 minutes) [ Environmental issues PART 3 Look at page 71, where there are some envirenmental problems. First, talk to each other about how easy or dificult tis to find solutions to these ‘environmental problems. Candidates A and B discuss this together for about 2 minutes. Now decide which issue is the easiest one to solve. Candidates A and B discuss this together for bout 1 minute. | PaRT4 |= Some people say that the environment is che biggest issue in the modern world. Do you ‘agree? Do you think there are more important issues? © What impact can individuals have concerring environmental issues? What do you do personaly that is connected with environmental issues? || © Doyou think that people in general are concerned about the environment? if so, what ‘concerns them most? If not, why not? Are people given enough information about environmental problems? Where do they get their information from? '= Many companies today advertise the ways in which they are environmentally friendly. 's this a positive development or does it have little effect? |= What should governments be doing about environmental problems? TEST 3 70 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKINGPART 3 pollution from traffic X - extinction) ofspecies | VW How easy or difficult isitto deal with these nmental problems? envi noise natural resources (. destruction of ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SP! KING nTEST 4 Reading and Use of English (hour 30 minutes) PART2 For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, 8, C or 0) bestfits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Example: 0 A characterized B indicated detailed D accounted High notes of the singing Neanderthals Neanderthals have been misunderstood. The early and author of one of the studies, said: ‘What humanoids traditionally 0__as ape-like is emerging isa picture ofan intelligent and brutes were deeply emotional beings with high- emotionally complex creature whose most likely pitched voices, They may 1 have sung 5 of communication would have been to each other. This new image has 2 _ part language and part song from two studies of the vocal apparatus and Mithen’s work 6 with the frst anatomy of the creatures that 3____ detailec study of a reconstructed Neanderthal Europe between 200,000 and 35,000 years ago. _ skeleton. Anthropologists brought together bones The research shows that Neanderthal voices and cast from several sites to re-create the might well have produced loud, womanly and creature. The creature that emerges would have highly melodic sounds ~ not the roars and grunts 7 markedly from humans. previously 4____ by most researchers. Neanderthals seem to have had an extremely ‘Stephen Mithen, Professor of Archaeology powerful 8_______and no waist. 72 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. FADING AND USE 0 1A further B just € even Dso 2 A revealed B resulted € concluded happened 3A resided B dwelt C filled D occupied 4 A judged B assumed € considered —_D taken 5A sort B practice € approach form © Accoincides —B occurs relates D co-operates 7 A differed B distinguished C compared —_—_—D contrasted 8 Aassembly B formation build D schemesaw ius PART2 For questions 9~16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. WORLD BOOK DAY ‘This year's World Book Day (WBD), which is taking 0____on March 2, hopes to encourage everyone, and especially children, to discover the joy of reading, Schools and libraries are getting involved, with a packed schedule of events designed 9 _____ bring books to life. There will be writers popping 10.____ schools to read from their books and answer questions, and story-telling events. Children will also be able to take part in readings 1i_____ that they really have a chance to engage with the books. As 12___ as hoping to encourage children to catch the reading bug, WD also hopes to 13___ reluctant adults hooked on books. So, | 14____ the first time, World Book Day will also have an adult focus, th the launch of Quick Reads, 15_____selection of short, fast-paced stories by well-known authors. The first set of Quick Reads will be published ‘on World Book Day, 15 a further collection of books being released later in the summer. ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 73 VASALTES’ PART 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gapin tine same line, There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers iN CAPITAL LETTERS on tive separate answer sheet. Example: °) EFFERED PE] NORDIC WALKING Nordic walking is an 0___ technique trat uses poles to bring the upper body into more use and boost the calorie-burning effects of walking Itwas 17__ devised in Finland by elite cross-country skiers as a way to keep their fitness levels up during the summer. Atfirst18___, Nordic walking may ook like skiing without the skis = or the snow. But although, to the 19___eye, striding around the local park with a pair of poles may look a bt sil, it actualy offers a serious 20___ for people of all ages and abilities. You don't 21__have to go faster to get more out of it - just put in more effort with the poles. The poles, which can be made from aluminium or carbon fibre, are specially designed to 22__ the work done by the upper body. And because Nordic walking is also a weight-bearing exercise, it’s great for 23_____ bones and joints. But the best news is that because the effortis spread across the 24_____of the body, Nordic walking can actually feel easier and less tiring than normal walking. 7% CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS ADIN AND USE OF ENGLISH EFFECT ORIGIN TRAIN work NECESSARY ‘MAXIMUM STRONG ENTIREPART 4 For questions 25~30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the {first sentence, using the word given, Do not change the word given. You must use between ‘three and six words, including the word given. Here isan example (2). Example: 0 Ididn't know the way there, so | got lost. cet Not___there, I got los. o|[KNOWING HOW TO GET Write only the missing words IN! CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet, 25 Can anyone solve this problem? ‘coME Can anyone to this problem? 26 fm sure you're wondering why | haven't contacted you for so long. HAS You must________so long since contacted you. 27 Are you saying that Im lying about what happened? ‘TRUTH Are you accusing about what happened? Br 28 He made a very quick decision and he did't think about the matter enough. a witHour = He made a very quick decision ______ tothe matter. 29 Recently, the number of people who are out of work has gone down. DECREASE Recently, the number of people who are out of work. 30 It doesn't matter how badly he behaved, you shouldn't have been so rude to him. HOWEVER : You shouldn't have been so rude to him, __was. ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 75ST4 1 PARTS —_—l You are going to read a newspaper article about trees and leaves. For questions 31~36, choose the answer (A, 8, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Those brilliant autumn outfits may be saving trees | As trees across the northern areas a preference for those displays, males about aphids and trees that do not of the globe turn gold and crimson, evolved more extravagant feathers fit Dr. Hamilton's hypothesis. Dr. scientists are debating exactly what 2s they competed for mates.In the William Hoch, a plant physfologist at these colours are for. The scientists case of tres, Dr. Hamilton proposed the University of Wisconsin, argues do agree on one thing: the colours that the visual message was sent (© that bright leaves appear on trees are for something. That represents a insects. In the autumn, aphiés and that have no insects to wam off major shift in thinking. For decades, other insects choose trees where they “Ifyou are up here in the north of textbooks claimed that autumn ‘will lay thetr eggs. When the eggs Wisconsin, by the time the leaves colours were just a by-product of hatch the next spring, the la-vae feed change, all the insects that feed on dying leaves. I had alvays assumed on the tree, often with devastating foliage are gone} Dr. Hoch said. ‘that autumn leaves were waste results. A tree can ward off these In thelr article, Dr. Schaefer and baskets; sald Dr. David Wilkinson, an pests with poisons. Dr. Hamilton Dr. Wilkinson angue that a much evolutionary ecologist at Liverpool speculated that tres with stiong _-more plausible explanation for John Moores University in England. defences might be able to protect autumn colours can be found in the “That's what I was told as a student? themselves even further by Ieting research of Dr. Hoch and other plant During spring and summer, leaves egg-laying insects know what was physiologists. Their recent work set their green cast from chlorophyll, in store for their eggs. By producing suggests that autumn colours serve the pigment that plays a major briliant autumn colours, the trees mainly as a sunscreen. role in capturing sunlight. But the advertised their lethality. As insects Dr, Hanllton’s former students leaves also contain other pigments evolved to avoid the brightest leaves, argue that the leaf-signal hypothesis ‘whose colours are masked during _natural selection favoured tes that is still worth investigating. Dr. the growing season, In autumn, ‘could become even brighter. Brown believes that leaves might trees break down their chlorophyll "Tt was a beautiilidea? said be able to protect themselves both and draw some of the components Marco Archetti, aformer student from sunlight and from insects. Dr Dack into their tissues. Conventional of Dr. Hamilton who is now at Brown and Dr. Archett also argue wisdom regards autumn colours the University of Fribourg in that supporters of the sunscreen as the product of the remaining ‘Switzerland, Dr. Hamilton hed Mr. hypothesis have yet to explain pigments, which are finally Archetti turn the hypothesis into __ why some trees have bright colours ‘unmasked. a mathematical model. The model and some do not. This isa basic Evolutionary biologists and plant showed that warning signals could question in evolution that they seem physiologists offer two different Indeed drive the evolution of bright to ignore; Dr, Archetti said I don't explanations for why natural leaves ~ at least in theory. Another think i's a huge concern; Dr. Hoch selection has made autumn colours student, Sam Brown, tested the leaf- replied. ‘There's natural variation for so widespread. Dr. William Hamilton, signal hypothesis against rel data every chafacteristic! an evolutionary biologist at Oxford” about tres and insects Te wis a Dr Hamalton's students and thelr University, proposed that bright fist stab to see what was out there’ cis agree thatthe debate has autumn leaves contain a message: sald Dr. Brown, now an evolitonary — been useful, because It has given they warn insects leave them bloga tthe University of Texas, them a deper reverence for his alone. Dr. Hamilton's Tet signal’ ‘The lea-signl hypothesis hs also tne of yea, "People sometimes | pothesis grew ot of ealer work drawn eis, most recent ftom say tat slence makes the word | ehad done om the extravagant Dr Wilkinson and Dr. H. Main ess Interesting and awesome by plumage of birds. He proposed Schaefer, an evelitonary bnlogit__jusexplalning things away, Dz. F | Served an advertisement fom atthe University of Feurgin Wilkinson sa. ‘But with auton males to females, indicating they had Germany. Dr Wikinson and other leaves, the more you Kaw about desirable genes, As females evolved critics point to a number of details them, the more amazed you ai 76 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING Al oo ee 1D USE OF ENGLISH