60

13 Absolute Value Equations and Inequalities

#226. Solve |2x 1| = 3

=
2×-1 =3 2×-1 -

Lx ES 2x =
-371
✗ IL ✗
z

(4-1) ✗ a- ✗ -1
=

#227. Solve |7 3x| = 2 ÷,

9- { ✗ =L 9- { ✗ = -
z

7th -3/1=-2-7
s ✗ I
-
-

✗ -5 gie -9
-

→ = g-
=
✗ =
I 9 a- I
-

, ,
5x + 2 ✗ he
#228. Solve =7 3
6

5×÷= ?
5%-2=-1
5×12=42 5×+22-42

511=40 b- ✗ = -44
✗ = 8
✗ -1
#229. Solve 3
2x
2
3
=4
=
;
} -9
2×-2
=
=

§
=
XL
zxcg

t }
Ig
=
ZX
 61

#230. Solve |3x 2| < 1

3×-2 L 1 7×-224
> X L 3 3×2-11-2
✗ C l ' ✗ ( I
✗
< I
2x 1
#231. Solve 5
3
'
I -5

2¥ £5
2×-1 E- IT
2×-1 E. 15
2X
2X
I -14
I If
✗ E -7
#232. Solve |4 2x|  2 8 ✗ I

4- sx { l
4-2×12
-

-
2X I -2-4
-2×12-4
<
-
-

G
zx -

Lx
E -2

#233. Solve |x
1
|>2
✗ I
& ✗
22
2
 IS
62
✗- 2 ✗ -1 7-2
,

✗ -1 > a ✗ > -4

> 5 ✗ > -3
✗

#234. Solve |5x 6| > 2

5×-6 > -2 5×-6>2

g- ✗ -21-6 b- X
> > Ltf
5×34 b- ✗ > 8

¥
'

✗ ✗
=¥
-

#235. Solve 1 < |2x + 3|

1<2×1-1 -

122×4}

-4 < 2x
-

2<24
-
✗
→ ex

2.1L ✗ -

( LX
#236. Solve 4 < 3|2x 3|

#237. Solve 5 < 2|3 2x|

 63

2 3x
#238. Solve >2

¥1s
5
<
-

2¥
> 2
2-
}X > -

lo

-3×5 -12
2- 1×510

is > 8 ✗ <
¥
-

#239. Solve 5 1 |2 3x|

✗ >
-

§ 24
✗

#240. Solve 1 2|5 x|  4

#241. Solve 1 2 3|2 x|

 64

#242. A manufacturer produces bolts which must have a diameter within 0.001 centimeter of 1.5 centimeters.
What are the acceptable measurements for the diameter of the bolts?

#243. The average length of a human pregnancy is 280 days. However, a healthy, full-term pregnancy can
be 14 days longer or shorter. (i) Write an absolute value inequality for the length of a full-term pregnancy.
(ii) Solve the inequality for the length of a full-term pregnancy.

#244. The pressure of a typical fire extinguisher should be within 25 pounds per square inch (psi) of 195 psi.
Write the range of pressures for safe fire extinguishers.
 65
# 245. A thermostat with a 2-degree di↵erential will keep the temperature within 2 degrees Fahrenheit of
the temperature set point. Suppose your home has a thermostat with a 3-degree di↵erential. If you set the
thermostat at 68F , what is the range of temperatures in the house?

# 246. Tire pressure is measured in pounds per square inch (psi). Tires should be kept within 2 psi of the
manufacturer’s recommended tire pressure. If the recommended inflation pressure for a tire is 30 psi, what is
the range of acceptable pressures?

#247. During an experiment, Lee must add 3.0 milliliters of sodium chloride to a solution. To get accurate
results, the amount of sodium chloride must be within 0.5 milliliter of the required amount. How much sodium
chloride can she add and still obtain the correct results?

#248. Luis is a contestant on a television game show. He must guess within $1500 of the actual price of the
car without going over in order to win the car. The actual price of the car is $18,000. What is the range of
guesses in which Luis can win the vehicle?
 66

14 Systems of Linear Equations

Determine whether each system has no solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions.
(
y = x+5
#249.
y=x 3

= 2
y

(
y = x+5
#250.
2x + 2y = 8

= -2 X g
27
-

"
'
"
7¥ :p
"

y
-

-
✗ -
a
(
2x + 2y = 8
#251.
y= x 4
 67

(
y = x+8
#252.
y = 4x 7

(
x + 2y = 5
#253.
2x + 4y = 2

(
x= 6
#254.
4x + y = 2
 68

(
3x 4y = 13
#255. Solve
2x + 3y = 3

(
x + 2y 8 = 0
#256. Solve
2x + 4y + 4 = 0

(
6x 2y = 4
#257. Solve
y = 3x + 2
 69

(
2x y = 1
#258. Solve
x + 2y = 7

(
4x + 2y = 9
#259. Solve
5y 4x = 5

(
3
6 8
y=x
#260. Solve 2
3
x + 14 y = 4
 70

(
x + 5y = 3
#261. Solve
3x + 2y = 8

#262. Find the two numbers whose sum is 51 and whose di↵erence is 13.

#263. Three times one number added to another number is 18. Twice the first number minus the other number
is 12. Find the numbers.

#264. The solution of the system of equations Ax + y = 5 and Ax + By = 20 is (2, 3). What are the values
 71
of A and B?

#265. The Wang family and the Wong family went to a brunch bu↵et. The restaurant charges one price for
adults and another price for children. The Wang family has two adults and three children, and their bill was
$40.50. The Wong family has three adults and one child, and their bill was $38.00. Determine the price of the
bu↵et for an adult and the price for a child.

#266. MX Labs needs to make 500 gallons of a 34% acid solution. The only solutions available are a 25%
acid solution and a 50% acid solution. How many gallons of each solution should be mixed to make the 34%
solution?

# 267. The graphs of y = 2x + 6, 3x + 2y = 19, and y = 2 contain the sides of a triangle. (i) Find the
coordinates of the vertices of the triangle. (ii) Find the area of the triangle.
 72

#268 (Midterm T2/18-19). Ben and Alex both ran a marathon in 2017. The combined time was 10 hours to
finish. They both ran another marathon in 2018. In the 2018 marathon, Ben ran at the same pace as in 2017.
Alex, however, felt sick and took twice the time as he did in 2017. Their combined time in the 2018 marathon
was 14 hours. What was Ben’s time for the 2017 marathon?

#269. Monica and Michael Gordon both want to buy a scooter. Monica has already saved $25 and plans to
save $5 per week until she can buy the scooter. Michael has $16 and plans to save $8 per week. (i) In how
many weeks will Monica and Michael have saved the same amount of money? (ii) How much will each person
have saved at that time?

# 270. Two balloons are in the air. Balloon 1 is 10 meters above the ground, rising 15 meters per minute.
Balloon 2 is 150 meters above the ground, descending 20 meters per minute. (i) In how many minutes will the
balloons be at the same height? (ii) How high will the balloons be at that time?
 73

#271. Shantel Jones has two job o↵ers as a car salesperson. At one dealership, she will receive $600 per month
plus a commission of 2% of the total price of the automobiles she sells. At the other dealership, she will receive
$1000 per month plus a commission of 1.5% of her total sales. (i) What is the total price of the automobiles
that Ms. Jones must sell each month to make the same income from either dealership? (ii) Explain which job
o↵er is better.

#272. In 2000, approximately 40.3 million tourists visited South America and the Caribbean. The number of
tourists to that area had been increasing at an average rate of 0.8 million tourists per year. In the same year,
17.0 million tourists visited the Middle East. The number of tourists to the Middle East had been increasing
at an average rate of 1.8 million tourists per year. If the trend continues, when would you expect the number
of tourists to South America and the Caribbean to equal the number of tourists to the Middle East?

#273. Mrs. Henderson discovered that she had accidentally reversed the digits of a test and shorted a student
36 points. Mrs. Henderson told the student that the sum of the digits was 14 and agreed to give the student
his correct score plus extra credit if he could determine his actual score without looking at his test. What was
his actual score on the test?
 74

#274. Mickey and Minnie shared a box of matches. If Mickey was given 10 fewer matches, Minnie would have
5 times as many matches as Mickey. If Mickey was given 10 more matches, he would have 1/2 as many matches
as Minnie. What percentage of matches did Mickey receive?

15 Factoring
#275. Factor 12a2 + 16a

eacsntaj

#276. Factor 4x3 y 4 2x3 y 5

( zig )
' •

✗
- a
y
 75

#277. Factor 15x5 y 3 27x2 y 4 36x3 y

)
' ' '
'
12 X
3 ✗
y ( 5 ✗ y 9 y
- -

#278. Factor 18cd2 + 12c2 d + 9cd

31 d l 6 d t 4 c t 3)

#279. Factor 3k 2 x2 + 9k 3 x

s k
'
✗ I ✗ ts KJ

#280. Factor 16a3 b9 40a2 b5 + 32a6 b7

on
-
bi lien bi -

lo t 8 a %)
 76

#281. Factor (a 3b)(2a b) (a 3b)(7a + 4b)

#282. Factor by grouping 4ab + 8b + 3a + 6

Hats ) ablhtz)

#283. Factor by grouping 35x 5xy + 3y 21

5×17 ) 3 ( y
-

7)
y
-

#284. Factor by grouping 6a2

-412A 1)
1)
3a 8a + 4
3a( Za
-
-
 77

#285. Factor by grouping x2 + 5x + 7x + 35

✗ 1×1-5 ) 9C ✗ 1- 5)

#286. Factor by grouping 4x2 + 14x + 6x + 21

☒ ✗ ✗ i. 5) 61×1-315 )

#287. Factor by grouping Solve x2 = 7x by factoring.

#288. In a pool at a water park, a dolphin jumps out of the water traveling at 20 feet per second. Its height
h, in feet, above the water after t seconds is given by the formula h = 20t 16t2 . How long is the dolphin in
the air before returning to the water?
 78

#289. Factor x2 + 5x + 4
-
✗ taxtxtre AH

✗ City 41×+1 )

#290. Factor x2 6x + 8
cxtajcxti
8
-4-2
✗ 2-4×-2×+8

✗ ( x -
e) -21×-4 )
( X -

zjcx -
a)
#291. Factor x2 x 2
-2-11
✗ 1-2×-1×-2

✗ ( ✗ + 1) -4×+4
2 ( ✗ '
2) ( Atl )
#292. Factor x 3x + 2
2
I
-
-

✗
2
- za -
✗ 1- 2

✗ ( x
-

1) -2C ✗ -

1)
CX -
Dca 1) -

#293. Factor x2 + 7x + 12 4443

+4×+3×1-12

✗ ( ✗ to ) 31×1-4)
✗ to
( ✗ + 3) (
]
 79

#294. Factor x2 10x + 16

' -8 -2
y -8×-1×1-16

✗( x -
8) -21×-8)

1×-211×-8 )
#295. Factor 7x2 + 22x + 3

9×21-21 ✗ txt )
21

1-211-1
( Yts )
> ✗ ( Xt )
)

#296. Factor 6x2 + 19x + 10

60

#297. Factor 8x2 30x + 7

5f
 80

#298. Factor 9x2 15x 14

#299. Factor 12x2 20x 25

#300. Factor 14x2 17x 6

#301. Find two consecutive even integers whose product is 168.

 81

#302. Factor using di↵erence of squares n2 100

Cntio ) Cn -

Iu )

#303. Factor using di↵erence of squares 4 9a2

( z -19A ) ( z
-

94

#304. Factor using di↵erence of squares 36x2 49y 2

(6×1-74) (6×-97)

#305. Factor using di↵erence of squares 48a3 12a

 82

#306. Factor using di↵erence of squares 2x4 162

#307. Factor using di↵erence of squares 32x4 2y 4

#308. Factor using di↵erence of squares Solve 18x3 = 50x by factoring.