Babinski 2018

Journal of South American Earth Sciences 85 (2018) 6–42
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Journal of South American Earth Sciences

journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsames
Comparing two arms of an orogenic belt during Gondwana amalgamation: T

Age and provenance of the Cuiabá Group, northern Paraguay Belt, Brazil
Marly Babinskia,∗, Ben McGeea, Cláudia do Couto Tokashikib, Colombo C.G. Tassinaria,
Gerson Souza Saesb, Francisco Egidio Cavalcante Pinhob
a
Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 562, CEP 05580-080, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
b
Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
A R T I C LE I N FO A B S T R A C T
Keywords: The Cuiabá Group is the basal part of the sequence of passive margin sediments that unconformably overly the
LA-ICPMS Amazonian Craton in central Brazil. Despite these rock's importance in understanding Brazil's path in the su-
U-Pb geochronology percontinent cycle from Rodinia to Gondwana and their potential record of catastrophic glaciation their internal
Provenance stratigraphy and relationship to other units is still poorly understood. The timing of deposition and source areas
Zircon
for the subunits of the Cuiabá Group sedimentary rocks are investigated here using integrated U-Pb and Sm-Nd
Paraguay Belt
Gondwana
isotope data. We sampled in the northern Paraguay Belt, a range that developed in response to the collision
between the Amazonian Craton, the Rio Apa Block, the São Francisco Craton and the Paranapanema Block. 1125
detrital zircon LA-ICPMS U-Pb ages were calculated and 22 whole rock samples were used for Sm-Nd isotope
analysis. The U-Pb ages range between Archean and Neoproterozoic and the main source is the Sunsás Province.
Moving up stratigraphy there is a subtle increase in slightly younger detritus with the youngest grain showing an
age of 652 ± 5 Ma, found at the top of the sequence. The age spectra are similar across each of the sampled
units and when combined with the Sm-Nd data, indicate that the source of the detritus was mostly similar
throughout deposition. This is consistent with the analysis here that indicates sedimentation occurred in a
passive margin environment on the southern margin of the Amazonian Craton. The maximum depositional age
of 652 ± 5 Ma along with the age of the overlying cap carbonate of the Mirassol d’Oeste Formation suggests
that part of this section of sediments were deposited in the purportedly global ∼636 Ma Marinoan glaciation,
although we give no sedimentological evidence for glaciation in the study area. Compared to the southern
Paraguay Belt where no direct age constraints exist, the glacial epoch could be either Cryogenian or Ediacaran.
In addition, available data in the literature indicates a diachronous evolution between the northern and southern
arms of the Paraguay Belt in the final stages of deposition and deformation.
1. Introduction suturing Gondwana that for some time has been considered as
‘Brasiliano’ (ca. 940–630 Ma) in age (Cordani et al., 2009). More recent
Our planet's paleogeography is vital to our understanding of contributions (Bandeira et al., 2012; McGee et al., 2012; Tohver et al.,
changes in Earth's spheres, which influenced past climate and the 2012; Trindade et al., 2006) have demonstrated that the Paraguay
evolution of life. For this reason the formation of the Palaeozoic su- Orogen is part of a larger orogenic belt that can be traced south to
percontinent Gondwana has received substantial attention in the lit- Argentina and north to the Amazonia, and that is considerably younger
erature for many decades. Early interpretations of a collision between than many Gondwana-amalgamation orogens—forming in the early
two large continents called East Gondwana and West Gondwana at Cambrian—therefore representing one of the final collisional belts in
∼650 Ma (Stern, 1994) have evolved to incorporate current evidence Gondwana. Despite these important works, there are still gaps in our
that identify a network of collisional events between relatively small knowledge of the specific links, in particular the stratigraphy, between
Neoproterozoic continents that amalgamated to form Gondwana during the northern and southern Paraguay Belt.
the Ediacaran and Cambrian (Collins and Pisarevsky, 2005; Meert, This work addresses both the tectonic and palaeoenvironmental
2003; Pisarevsky et al., 2008). issues outlined above and the links between the northern and southern
The Paraguay Belt in Brazil is part of this network of orogens arms of the belt. Analysis of the highly resistant mineral zircon is an
∗
Corresponding author.
E-mail address: babinski@usp.br (M. Babinski).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2018.04.009
Received 6 July 2017; Received in revised form 30 January 2018; Accepted 10 April 2018
Available online 16 April 2018
0895-9811/ © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
M. Babinski et al. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 85 (2018) 6–42
Fig. 1. (a) Location map of eastern South America. Cratonic fragments are written in italics and Proterozoic orogenic belts in bold after Collins and Pisarevsky (2005).
(b) Northern and southern Paraguay Belts in relation to Amazonian and Rio Apa Cratons.
Fig. 2. Comparison between the stratigraphic columns proposed by several authors for the Cuiabá Group.
7
Fig. 3. Stratigraphic chart of the Paraguay Belt for the

Baixada Cuiabana region proposed by Tokashiki and Saes
(2008). The numbers correspond to the subunits of Luz
et al. (1980). 1 and 2–Intercalated phyllites and graphitic
phyllites, marbles and metagreywacke; 3 and 5–Meta-
conglomerates, metaarenites and graded phyllites, me-
taarkose and quartzite;4–Metadiamictites (Engenho Fá-
cies) and arenitic to pellitic metarhythmites with drop
stones (Cangas Fácies); 6, 7 and 8 - phyllites, metadia-
mictites, quartzites (Mata Fácies) and marbles (Guia Fá-
cies).
important method for evaluating the tectonic evolution of orogens 3. Stratigraphy of the Cuiabá Group
(Belousova et al., 2006). Here we reveal a detailed detrital zircon
provenance study of the Cuiabá Group from the northern Paraguay Belt. Almeida (1948) described the Cuiabá Series as composed of low
The geochronological analysis indicates that the Cuiabá Group was metamorphic metasediments, predominantly phyllites with quartzite
deposited in an extensional tectonic setting, along the passive margin of intercalations, both cut by quartz veins related to the granitic intrusion
the Amazonian Craton during the Ediacaran after 652 Ma. In addition, of the São Vicente granite (Fig. 1b). Three tectono-stratigraphic stages
the new Sm-Nd data presented here show that the source of the Cuiabá were initially identified in the Paraguay Belt (lower, middle and upper)
Group detritus was homogeneous throughout the duration of its de- related to the variations of the sedimentation processes influenced by
position. the myogeosinclinal evolution (Almeida, 1965). In his division of the
Paraguay Belt Almeida (1965) described the rocks of the Cuiabá Group
as flysch deposits, caused by turbidity currents related to underwater
2. Regional geology
landslides in lower part of an unstable geosyncline.
Subsequently five sets of separable and stacked rocks were re-
The orogenic belts of the Brasiliano-Pan-African Cycle (∼600 Ma)
cognised within the Cuiabá Group. From the base to the top these are as
mark one of the most important tectonic features of the Precambrian
follows: metaconglomerates and quartzites; phyllites; quartzites; me-
basement of Brazil. The Paraguay and Araguaia Belts, as originally
tagraywackes and metarkoses. These are considered “Undifferentiated
defined by Almeida (1965), constitutes a prominent fold belt in the
Cuiabá Group” which are capped by periglacial metasediments of the
central region of the South American continent bordering the east-
Coxipó Formation.
southeast of the Amazonian Craton and the east of the Rio Apa Block
The Paraguay Belt can be divided into four major chronostrati-
(Fig. 1a). The geographical discontinuity between the two segments,
graphic groups; a lower sequence; glacial turbidites; carbonates and an
and the scarce radiometric ages led to its subdivision into two parts
upper sequence (Alvarenga, 1990; Alvarenga and Saes, 1992). These
(Silva, 1999); the Araguaia/Tocantins Belt on the eastern margin of the
authors verified the sedimentological aspects present in the external
Amazonian Craton and the Paraguay Belt along its southeastern border
and internal zones of the range, showing the existence of a gradual
(Fig. 1a). Almeida (1984) subdivided the Paraguay Fold Belt into three
passage from a glacial-marine environment with turbidity currents to
structural zones; Metamorphic, Non-Metamorphic and Cover. These
an essentially turbidite environment in its inner zone, in the region of
were subsequently renamed as the Internal Structural Zone, External
São Vicente (Fig. 2).
Structural Zone and Platformal sedimentary cover, respectively
Luz et al. (1980) evoke the existence of two distinct depositional
(Alvarenga and Trompette, 1992).
environments for the Cuiabá Group. The subunits 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 are
The Paraguay Belt is a poly-phase fold belt affected by Ediacaran/
inferred as a marine environment wherein tectonic instabilities gave
early Cambrian deformation (Geraldes et al., 2008; Tohver et al., 2010).
rise to turbidity currents and sludge flows. The turbidites thus deposited
It is composed of folded and metamorphosed metasediments that, in the
present intercalations of carbonate rocks, characteristic of the tectonic
direction of the Amazonian Craton, progressively pass to sedimentary
quiescence periods. In this context, the conglomerate facies would be
cover, partly contemporaneous and structurally folded, but not meta-
the product of debris flows, caused by turbidity currents, while the
morphosed (Alvarenga, 1990). The general characteristics of the Para-
pelitic material would show periods of quiescence. The subunits 4 and 7
guay Belt are the shape of a large convex arc for the Amazonian Craton,
have been considered as tillites (Almeida, 1965; Hennies, 1966) or as
intense linear deformation, the presence of inverse faults, isoclinal and
“pebbly-mudstones” (Vieira, 1965), suggestive of marine environment
recumbent folding, the scarcity of volcanism and the presence of granite
in cold climate. Luz et al. (1980) suggested for subunits 4 and 7 a glacial
plutons in its internal zones (Almeida, 1984; Alvarenga, 1990;
marine environment, possibly associated with large floating ice masses.
Alvarenga and Trompette, 1992). A branch of the Paraguay Belt extends
In the eastern portion of the belt the Cuiabá Group consists of fine
from Corumbá through Bolivia with WNW-ESSE direction, known as
metasedimentary rocks, phyllites and quartzites. Mafic volcanic rocks,
the Tucavaca Belt (Litherland et al., 1986). This is represented as a
chemical sediments (banded iron formation and chert) and layers of
large synclinal structure in Bolivia, interpreted as an aulacogen, in
carbonaceous phyllites bounded by a shear zone are related to the
contrast to the ideas that considered the existence of a distinct Brasi-
Cuiabá Group in the vicinity of Nova Xavantina (Fig. 1b). Acid volcanic
liano-Pan-African fold belt, isolating the Amazonian Craton from the
tuffs found in the Nova Xavantina region were studied by Dantas et al.
Rio Apa Block (Trompette, 1994) (Fig. 1b).
8
Fig. 4. Geological map of the project area, with the location of Cuiabá Group rock samples collected for this study. Stratigraphy of the units follow the classification
of Luz et al. (1980). Stars indicate locations of samples used for geochronological analysis. The red star represents the Campina de Pedras village, where the sample
PO-20 was collected.
9
206
Fig. 5. Cathodoluminescence images of representative grains from each sample. Displayed spot ages are Pb/238U ages < 1000 Ma and 207
Pb/206Pb ages > 1000
Ma. Small circles (30 μm) represent the locations of U-Pb analyses.
(2007) who interpreted them as remnants of a large Neoproterozoic et al., 2004). The same stratigraphic interpretation was adopted by
ocean basin, destroyed between 890 Ma and 630 Ma. The U-Pb age of Martinelli (1998). Later Martinelli and Batista (2003) renamed this unit
822 ± 9 Ma, determined in 3 zircon grains, is considered to be the best as the Araés metavolcanosedimentary sequence, which is comprised
estimation for the crystallization age and of the explosive volcanism of from the base to the top by a metavolcanic association (metabasalts,
the rift phase. This association was separated from the Cuiabá Group metatuffs, tuffs), a chemical association (ferriferous rock formations,
and was named the “Nova Xavantina Metavolcanosedimentary Se- carbonaceous phyllites and metacherts) and a clastic association (me-
quence” (Pinho, 1990) and interpreted as an embryonic phase of sea- tassiltites, metargillites and quartzites).
floor spreading of the Paraguay Belt or a retroarc basin (Lacerda Filho At the base of the Cuiabá Group, the Campina de Pedras Formation
10
Table 1
Sm-Nd isotopic data on total rock samples from the Cuiabá Group.
Sample Lithology Unit Fm. Sm (ppm) Nd (ppm) 147
Sm/144 Nd 143
Nd/144 Nd T DM (Ga) εNd (0)
PO-20 Meta-Greywacke 2 Campina de Pedra 5.20 24.75 0.1270 0.512040 ± 7 1.76 −11.7
MT-33 Sandstone 3 Acorizal 22.94 124.03 0.1118 0.511960 ± 10 1.62 −13.2
MT-34 Sandstone 3 1.27 6.63 0.1155 0.511948 ± 9 1.7 −13.5
MT-6 Phyllite 3 5.74 29.82 0.1164 0.511966 ± 10 1.69 −13.1
MT-7 Phyllite 3 6.89 36.67 0.1136 0.511936 ± 10 1.68 −13.7
PO-06 Phyllite 3 8.88 49.70 0.1080 0.511901 ± 9 1.65 −14.4
PO-04 Phyllite 3 7.89 41.65 0.1146 0.511920 ± 11 1.73 −14.0
PO-07 Phyllite 3 12.80 74.62 0.1037 0.511896 ± 9 1.59 −14.5
PO-11 Diamictite 3 5.43 27.49 0.1194 0.511990 ± 13 1.7 −12.6
MT-32 Diamictite 4 4.84 25.60 0.1144 0.511965 ± 11 1.65 −13.1
MT-35 Diamictite 4 10.86 62.78 0.1046 0.511928 ± 10 1.56 −13.9
MT-21C Phyllite 5 10.45 53.70 0.1177 0.511967 ± 12 1.71 −13.1
MT-24 Sandstone 5 1.92 9.74 0.1190 0.511936 ± 13 1.78 −13.7
MT-25 Phyllite 5 5.69 32.96 0.1043 0.511887 ± 9 1.61 −14.7
MT-30 Sandstone 5 2.70 14.51 0.1125 0.511946 ± 12 1.65 −13.5
MT-31 Phyllite 5 17.38 97.47 0.1078 0.511868 ± 12 1.69 −15.0
PO-24 Phyllite 5 8.02 41.78 0.1161 0.511922 ± 14 1.75 −14.0
PO-27 Meta rhythmites 5 6.13 32.40 0.1144 0.511906 ± 13 1.74 −14.3
PO-38 Phyllite 5 9.17 47.04 0.1179 0.511915 ± 11 1.79 −14.1
PO-26 Phyllite 5 12.86 68.93 0.1128 0.511928 ± 11 1.68 −13.9
PO-31 Phyllite 5 9.13 49.85 0.1108 0.511914 ± 11 1.67 −14.1
MT-29 Diamictite 7 Coxipó 4.65 24.29 0.1158 0.511884 ± 12 1.8 −14.7
Fig. 6. Whole rock Sm-Nd analysis from samples from the Cuiabá Group (n = 22).
takes its name from a village located on the NW flank of the antiform Acorizal Formation (Almeida, 1965) is correlated with the subunits 3, 4
(Freitas, 2003). It is constituted from the base to the top by a thick and 5 of Luz et al. (1980) and to the Intermediate Facies of the glacio-
(> 2000 m) depositional sequence of phyllites, graphitic phyllites, in- marine unit of Alvarenga (1988). It consists predominantly of rhythmic
tercalations of metarenites with incomplete Bouma cycles, calcitic gradations of (meta) conglomerates + sandstones + pelites, with
marbles and feldspathic metagraywackes strongly suggesting a de- subordinate intercalations of metarhythmites with dropstones, quart-
positional context of deep lakes, in a tropical climate to semi-arid re- zites and massive metadiamictites. The metadiamictites are varied in
gions, silting up by deltas carrying debris from the Amazonian Craton appearance, with a remarkable level of gray-purple colour of their
exposed on the shoulders of rift-type basins, early in the supercontinent matrix, which extends from Jangada, where it presents an estimated
Rodinia (< 1.0 Ga) fragmentation (Brito Neves, 1999; Unrug, 1997). thickness of about 300 m, diminishing towards the east where it has a
This sequence is separated from the overlying subunits by an abrupt thicknesses of the order of a few meters, disappearing completely in the
contact and notable lithological change, forming an important break in areas close to Cuiabá and Poconé. This metadiamictite level was re-
the depositional and climatic regime, probably involving stratigraphic corded by Almeida (1965), who attributed the name of Engenho For-
unconformity, currently masked by the intense deformation of both mation (redefined by Tokashiki and Saes, 2008 as the Engenho
sets. Member), a constituent of the Jangada Group, defined by Luz et al.
The stratigraphic column recently proposed by Tokashiki and Saes (1980) as subunit 4.
(2008) for the Cuiabá Group is an attempt to rescue the denominations Metarhythmites with dropstones from the Cangas-Poconé alignment
and classic sections of the geological literature on the Paraguay Belt are here referred to as the Cangas Member and interpreted as the
(Fig. 2). The Campina de Pedras Formation is adopted according to the chronological correlative facies variation of the Engenho Member, by
concept of Freitas (2003) encompassing subunits 1 and 2 of Luz et al. virtue of their stratigraphic position (contact between subunits 3 and 5
(1980), corresponding to the Lower Unit of Alvarenga (1988). The of Luz et al., 1980) and their conspicuous glaciogenic character. The
11
Table 2
LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon isotopic data for sample MT-21.
206
Grain.spot U (ppm) Th (ppm) Th/U Pb* (ppm) f206% Radiogenic Ratios ρ Age (Ma)
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

Pb/238U ± Pb/235U ± Pb/206Pb ± Pb/238U ± Pb/235U ± Pb/206Pb ± %Disc.
1.1 125 109 0.87 41 < 0.001 3.0220 0.0488 0.2449 0.0041 0.0893 0.0007 0.90 1412 21 1413 12 1417 14 0
2.1 159 81 0.51 48 0.03 2.8252 0.0664 0.2361 0.0048 0.0870 0.0008 0.86 1366 25 1362 17 1367 19 0
3.1 343 65 0.19 86 < 0.001 2.3216 0.0379 0.2067 0.0035 0.0806 0.0007 0.90 1211 19 1219 12 1216 17 0
4.1 73 97 1.33 22 0.79 2.2559 0.0490 0.2055 0.0036 0.0803 0.0011 0.80 1205 19 1199 15 1208 26 0
5.1 53 43 0.82 12 0.47 1.8285 0.0289 0.1858 0.0038 0.0759 0.0011 0.90 1098 21 1056 10 1093 29 0
6.1 176 84 0.48 47 0.16 2.4546 0.0340 0.2149 0.0031 0.0824 0.0005 0.90 1255 16 1259 10 1259 13 0
7.1 326 416 1.28 54 0.99 1.0338 0.0160 0.1166 0.0019 0.0635 0.0004 0.90 711 11 721 8 721 15 1
8.1 178 94 0.53 39 < 0.001 1.8282 0.0263 0.1779 0.0026 0.0746 0.0005 0.90 1055 14 1056 9 1058 13 0
9.1 552 140 0.25 171 < 0.001 3.3243 0.0460 0.2547 0.0036 0.0948 0.0005 0.90 1463 18 1487 11 1530 11 4
10.1 138 49 0.36 35 < 0.001 2.4148 0.0338 0.2155 0.0031 0.0807 0.0005 0.90 1258 16 1247 10 1219 12 −3
11.1 160 37 0.23 36 1.55 2.4107 0.0468 0.2137 0.0042 0.0822 0.0005 0.90 1249 22 1246 14 1255 12 0
12.1 86 51 0.60 28 < 0.001 3.0648 0.0446 0.2478 0.0038 0.0901 0.0007 0.90 1427 20 1424 11 1433 15 0
13.1 323 61 0.19 130 < 0.001 4.7308 0.0691 0.3168 0.0047 0.1088 0.0006 0.90 1774 23 1773 12 1782 10 0
14.1 166 54 0.33 42 < 0.001 2.2031 0.0260 0.2004 0.0038 0.0790 0.0006 0.90 1178 20 1182 8 1176 15 0
15.1 113 77 0.68 50 < 0.001 5.1965 0.0591 0.3250 0.0062 0.1161 0.0009 0.90 1814 30 1852 10 1898 14 4
16.1 491 177 0.36 134 < 0.001 2.4841 0.0298 0.2174 0.0041 0.0827 0.0006 0.90 1268 22 1267 9 1268 14 0
17.1 236 197 0.84 58 < 0.001 1.8955 0.0245 0.1814 0.0035 0.0753 0.0005 0.90 1075 19 1080 9 1078 15 0
17.2 402 447 1.11 106 < 0.001 1.8741 0.0237 0.1809 0.0034 0.0745 0.0005 0.90 1072 19 1072 8 1057 15 −1
18.1 113 90 0.80 63 < 0.001 7.7228 0.0863 0.4106 0.0075 0.1356 0.0010 0.90 2218 34 2199 10 2168 12 −2
19.1 291 71 0.24 86 < 0.001 2.9362 0.0339 0.2415 0.0044 0.0874 0.0006 0.90 1395 23 1391 9 1374 14 −1
20.1 58 17 0.29 24 < 0.001 4.9535 0.0594 0.3224 0.0062 0.1101 0.0009 0.90 1801 30 1811 10 1803 14 0
20.2 95 33 0.35 36 < 0.001 4.7897 0.0545 0.3135 0.0058 0.1112 0.0008 0.90 1758 29 1783 10 1821 13 3
21.1 251 88 0.35 91 < 0.001 4.1136 0.0498 0.3075 0.0058 0.0982 0.0007 0.90 1729 29 1657 10 1595 14 −8
12
22.1 344 58 0.17 73 < 0.001 2.0797 0.0241 0.1946 0.0036 0.0777 0.0006 0.90 1146 19 1142 8 1142 14 0
23.1 273 66 0.24 66 < 0.001 2.4521 0.0284 0.2135 0.0040 0.0821 0.0006 0.90 1248 21 1258 8 1251 14 0
23.2 195 58 0.30 49 < 0.001 2.4584 0.0303 0.2149 0.0040 0.0821 0.0006 0.90 1255 21 1260 9 1253 15 0
24.1 148 76 0.52 39 < 0.001 2.4856 0.0365 0.2160 0.0021 0.0822 0.0008 0.67 1260 11 1268 11 1256 20 0
25.1 428 196 0.46 80 19.29 1.6387 0.0504 0.1624 0.0038 0.0720 0.0010 0.75 970 21 985 19 984 28 1
26.1 218 96 0.44 46 0.41 1.8725 0.0229 0.1830 0.0016 0.0745 0.0007 0.71 1083 9 1071 8 1057 20 −2
27.1 211 91 0.43 51 < 0.001 2.4169 0.0287 0.2141 0.0019 0.0823 0.0007 0.75 1251 10 1248 8 1256 18 0
28.1 367 360 0.98 142 < 0.001 4.1768 0.0584 0.2860 0.0029 0.1081 0.0010 0.72 1621 14 1669 11 1772 17 8
29.1 288 86 0.30 68 < 0.001 2.2719 0.0265 0.2045 0.0019 0.0811 0.0007 0.78 1199 10 1204 8 1228 18 2
30.1 181 94 0.52 39 < 0.001 1.8134 0.0238 0.1775 0.0021 0.0743 0.0008 0.90 1053 12 1050 9 1050 21 0
31.1 175 237 1.36 130 < 0.001 11.3377 0.1372 0.4871 0.0046 0.1694 0.0015 0.77 2558 20 2551 11 2551 15 0
32.1 62 80 1.29 31 < 0.001 5.4870 0.0704 0.3443 0.0036 0.1164 0.0012 0.81 1907 17 1899 11 1903 17 0
33.1 163 112 0.68 67 < 0.001 4.9015 0.0945 0.3240 0.0052 0.1103 0.0010 0.83 1809 25 1803 16 1806 16 0
34.1 398 116 0.29 89 < 0.001 2.1840 0.0284 0.2008 0.0021 0.0792 0.0007 0.79 1180 11 1176 9 1180 18 0
35.1 367 151 0.41 82 < 0.001 2.0089 0.0235 0.1889 0.0016 0.0778 0.0007 0.72 1116 9 1119 8 1145 18 3
36.1 121 78 0.64 51 < 0.001 5.0228 0.0798 0.3268 0.0041 0.1097 0.0011 0.80 1823 20 1823 13 1798 18 −1
37.1 196 98 0.50 46 < 0.001 2.3668 0.0290 0.2073 0.0017 0.0828 0.0005 0.67 1214 9 1233 9 1269 12 4
38.1 67 44 0.65 16 < 0.001 1.9491 0.0259 0.1855 0.0021 0.0760 0.0008 0.84 1097 11 1098 9 1098 21 0
39.1 647 388 0.60 207 < 0.001 3.3325 0.0488 0.2592 0.0029 0.0929 0.0005 0.75 1486 15 1489 11 1491 11 0
40.1 350 333 0.95 114 < 0.001 3.0193 0.0374 0.2452 0.0020 0.0882 0.0005 0.67 1414 11 1413 9 1393 11 −1
41.1 355 231 0.65 51 < 0.001 1.0490 0.0137 0.1192 0.0011 0.0637 0.0004 0.70 726 6 728 7 727 14 0
42.1 391 97 0.25 122 < 0.001 3.7242 0.0499 0.2756 0.0026 0.0971 0.0006 0.71 1569 13 1577 11 1576 11 0
43.1 514 273 0.53 106 < 0.001 1.7706 0.0218 0.1736 0.0014 0.0731 0.0004 0.66 1032 8 1035 8 1017 12 −1
44.1 731 197 0.27 176 < 0.001 2.4006 0.0295 0.2126 0.0017 0.0818 0.0005 0.66 1243 9 1243 9 1244 11 0
45.1 275 123 0.45 99 < 0.001 4.3234 0.0529 0.3002 0.0024 0.1046 0.0006 0.66 1692 12 1698 10 1712 10 1
46.1 567 100 0.18 179 < 0.001 4.0147 0.0623 0.2841 0.0033 0.0991 0.0006 0.74 1612 16 1637 13 1613 11 0
47.1 429 167 0.39 146 < 0.001 3.8312 0.0496 0.2822 0.0025 0.0985 0.0006 0.69 1603 13 1599 10 1602 11 0
48.1 403 129 0.32 127 0.41 3.6022 0.0444 0.2712 0.0022 0.0958 0.0005 0.66 1547 11 1550 10 1551 11 0
49.1 180 56 0.31 35 < 0.001 1.7517 0.0220 0.1711 0.0015 0.0732 0.0005 0.71 1018 8 1028 8 1019 15 0
(continued on next page)
Acorizal Formation unconformably overlies the Campina de Pedras
%Disc.
Formation and represents the glacial-marine sedimentary pile accu-
−4
−3
1
0
6
0
0
2
0
3
0
5
0
mulated in a continental margin of Atlantic type, documenting the
deposits of the drift phase of the tectonic evolution of the Paraguay
±
13
10
11
10
10
14
9
8
9
8
8
7
7
margin.
Pb/206Pb
The Coxipó Formation is composed predominantly of conglomer-

ates, metarenites, quartzites, marbles and metadiamictites, with con-
1802
1484
1408
1244
1222
1253
1477
1382
1131
1215
1285
1992
1377
siderable lithological variation. It corresponds partially to the Marzagão
207
Formation of Almeida (1965), to subunits 6 and 7 of Luz et al. (1980)

and the proximal facies of the turbiditic glacio-marine unit of Alvarenga
±
39
31
32
27
28
29
30
32
26
28
29
35
32
(1988). It also hosts the Guia Member (calcitic and dolomitic marbles in
the Guia Syncline) and the quartzites that form the mountains
Pb/235U
stretching from Serra de São Vicente to Barão de Melgaço (Mata-Mata

1821
1481
1415
1189
1221
1234
1460
1380
1105
1211
1250
2027
1371 Member; Fig. 3).
207
4. Methodology
±
80
55
56
44
46
48
54
54
42
46
47
74
55
Samples of whole rock were collected from the Cuiabá Group's

Pb/238U
Age (Ma)
metasediments in the Cangas - Poconé region (Fig. 1b) where only rocks
1881
1465
1414
1163
1216
1248
1442
1384
1093
1217
1221
2047
1372
of subunits 3 and 5 of Luz et al. (1980) outcrop. Further west, rocks of

206
subunit 2 are also sampled as well as north of Cuiabá towards Nobres

(Figs. 1b and 4) in order to extend the spectrum of possible source
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
rocks. In this area, approximately 6 samples of metarhythmites and

ρ
diamictites of subunits 3, 4, 5 and 7 of Luz et al. (1980) were collected

0.0008
0.0005
0.0005
0.0003
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0003
0.0003
0.0004
0.0007
0.0006
as shown in Fig. 4.
±
4.1. Whole rock Sm-Nd analysis

Pb
206
0.1100
0.0925
0.0889
0.0817
0.0809
0.0821
0.0922
0.0877
0.0773
0.0806
0.0835
0.1225
0.0875
Pb/
22 samples were analysed for Sm-Nd isotopic compositions and

207
concentrations. All sample preparation and isotope analyses were car-

ried out at the Geochonological Research Center (CPGeo) at the
0.0168
0.0107
0.0109
0.0082
0.0087
0.0091
0.0105
0.0105
0.0077
0.0087
0.0089
0.0158
0.0107
University of São Paulo, Brazil. For the Sm and Nd isotopic analyses,

±
whole rock samples were powdered and completely dissolved with HF,
HNO3 and HCl. Purification of Sm and Nd was accomplished by stan-
U
235
dard ion exchange methods using RE and LN Eichron resins. Isotope

0.3389
0.2551
0.2452
0.1977
0.2077
0.2136
0.2507
0.2395
0.1848
0.2078
0.2085
0.3738
0.2371
Pb/
data was collected using Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS)

207
on a Triton mass spectrometer (Thermo Fischer, Germany). The mea-

sured 143Nd/144Nd ratios were normalised to 0.7129 (DePaolo, 1981).
0.2324
0.1314
0.1291
0.0879
0.0920
0.0964
0.1269
0.1233
0.0778
0.0909
0.1005
0.2553
0.1226
The mean value of the 143Nd/144Nd of the JNdi-1 standard measured in

Radiogenic Ratios
the laboratory during this work was 0.512102 ± 0.000002 (1s). The
Sm-Nd model ages are reported based on the depleted mantle model
U
238
(DePaolo, 1981) and are considered mean crustal residence ages. The
5.0091
3.2981
3.0283
2.2266
2.3299
2.3712
3.2125
2.8934
1.9701
2.2950
2.4265
6.3596
2.8601
Pb/
fSm/Nd and εNd(0) parameters were calculated according to (Hamilton

206
et al., 1983).
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
4.2. Zircon U-Pb LA-ICP-MS analysis

f206%
All samples for geochronological analysis were cleaned of weath-

ered material, jaw crushed, milled and sieved. The sieved fractions were
Pb* (ppm)
used to concentrate the zircon fraction using gravity separation on a

Wilfley table. Magnetic material was removed from the dense fraction
102
104
103
177
206
27
75
66
62
36
32
15
37
30
using a hand magnet and subsequently using a Frantz at 0.5 A and 1.2
A. The remaining non-magnetic fraction was then passed through
Th/U
0.37
0.67
0.27
0.28
0.68
0.72
0.37
0.31
0.30
0.10
1.82
0.68
0.17
bromoform and methyl iodide solutions to separate the dense-mineral

fraction. The remaining non-magnetic, dense zircon separate was fur-
ther concentrated by removing extraneous material with a pick under a
Th (ppm)
microscope. The pure zircons were mounted into epoxy resin discs of
104
143
115
133
2.5 cm diameter that were sanded and polished, exposing a cross sec-
58
75
77
93
40
79
59
48
17
tion of each zircon grain at the surface of the disc.

U (ppm)
Morphology and texture of the polished zircons were imaged using

Table 2 (continued)
transmitted and reflected light and cathodoluminescence (CL) techni-

278
280
276
209
129
106
374
438
774
104
87
33
71
ques (see Fig. 5). Single grain U-Pb isotopic analyses were obtained
with a laser ablation microprobe (Photon-machines Excimer Laser 193)
Grain.spot
coupled to a MC-ICP-MS (Neptune) at the Geochronological Research

50.1
51.1
52.1
53.1
54.1
55.1
56.1
57.1
58.1
59.1
60.1
61.1
62.1
Center of the Institute of Geosciences (University of São Paulo, Brazil).

U-Pb isotope data were acquired using static mode with spot size of
13
Table 3
206
Grain.spot U (ppm) Th (ppm) Th/U Pb* (ppm) f206% Radiogenic Ratios ρ Age (Ma) %Disc.
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

Pb/238U ± Pb/235U ± Pb/206Pb ± Pb/238U ± Pb/235U ± Pb/206Pb ±
1.1 70 33 0.47 19 0.54 0.1962 0.0040 2.1060 0.0411 0.0781 0.0007 0.90 1155 22 1151 13 1153 17 0
2.1 137 43 0.32 31 < 0.001 0.1711 0.0035 1.7313 0.0322 0.0730 0.0004 0.90 1018 19 1020 12 1015 11 0
3.1 254 189 0.75 93 < 0.001 0.2615 0.0058 3.3609 0.0708 0.0935 0.0005 0.90 1498 29 1495 16 1504 10 0
4.1 87 41 0.47 19 0.54 0.1595 0.0033 1.5681 0.0309 0.0709 0.0005 0.90 954 18 958 12 953 16 0
5.1 72 34 0.48 19 < 0.001 0.1887 0.0042 2.1818 0.0537 0.0765 0.0009 0.90 1115 23 1175 17 1109 24 0
6.1 239 71 0.30 59 0.13 0.1942 0.0039 2.1541 0.0384 0.0804 0.0003 0.90 1144 21 1166 12 1210 8 5
7.1 323 122 0.38 89 < 0.001 0.2134 0.0047 2.4375 0.0482 0.0819 0.0003 0.90 1247 25 1254 14 1249 8 0
8.1 116 49 0.42 43 0.15 0.2625 0.0053 3.3226 0.0596 0.0931 0.0004 0.90 1503 27 1486 14 1496 8 0
9.1 123 109 0.89 41 0.28 0.2277 0.0058 2.6712 0.0652 0.0851 0.0006 0.90 1322 31 1321 18 1322 13 0
10.1 106 65 0.61 39 0.63 0.2654 0.0054 3.5396 0.0645 0.0958 0.0005 0.90 1518 27 1536 14 1551 10 2
11.1 121 117 0.97 58 0.31 0.3166 0.0064 4.7798 0.0861 0.1087 0.0005 0.90 1773 32 1781 15 1782 8 0
12.1 64 81 1.26 39 0.14 0.3592 0.0078 6.0311 0.1169 0.1210 0.0006 0.90 1979 37 1980 17 1970 9 0
13.1 161 142 0.88 56 < 0.001 0.2389 0.0061 2.9268 0.0717 0.0885 0.0009 0.90 1381 32 1389 18 1399 19 1
14.1 222 14 0.06 45 < 0.001 0.1649 0.0014 1.6901 0.0171 0.0739 0.0002 0.85 984 8 1005 6 1040 5 5
14.2 107 44 0.41 26 0.28 0.1968 0.0021 2.2291 0.0317 0.0814 0.0004 0.76 1158 12 1190 10 1236 11 6
15.1 39 23 0.60 14 < 0.001 0.2581 0.0028 3.2673 0.0382 0.0923 0.0007 0.90 1480 14 1473 9 1479 14 0
16.1 346 89 0.26 102 < 0.001 0.2244 0.0043 2.5460 0.0547 0.0843 0.0003 0.89 1305 22 1285 16 1306 6 0
17.1 157 117 0.75 55 < 0.001 0.2613 0.0031 3.3822 0.0420 0.0941 0.0002 0.90 1497 16 1500 10 1517 4 1
18.1 367 198 0.54 154 0.01 0.2953 0.0024 4.5919 0.0430 0.1123 0.0002 0.88 1668 12 1748 8 1838 3 9
19.1 293 103 0.35 83 < 0.001 0.2201 0.0046 2.4413 0.0510 0.0831 0.0004 0.90 1282 24 1255 15 1277 9 0
20.1 203 64 0.31 42 0.00 0.1672 0.0014 1.6721 0.0157 0.0724 0.0002 0.88 997 8 998 6 998 5 0
21.1 170 120 0.71 51 < 0.001 0.2230 0.0020 2.4847 0.0255 0.0807 0.0002 0.86 1298 10 1268 7 1219 5 −6
22.1 180 132 0.73 49 < 0.001 0.1882 0.0016 2.0572 0.0224 0.0794 0.0003 0.80 1112 9 1135 7 1186 8 6
14
23.1 254 109 0.43 73 < 0.001 0.2106 0.0018 2.3610 0.0245 0.0814 0.0002 0.83 1232 10 1231 7 1235 6 0
24.1 462 97 0.21 101 1.09 0.1703 0.0014 1.7229 0.0164 0.0731 0.0002 0.88 1014 8 1017 6 1018 5 0
25.1 175 71 0.41 38 < 0.001 0.1786 0.0015 2.0068 0.0194 0.0814 0.0002 0.88 1060 8 1118 7 1236 4 14
26.1 112 41 0.36 37 < 0.001 0.2701 0.0054 3.4329 0.0678 0.0922 0.0009 0.90 1541 27 1512 15 1477 19 −4
27.1 211 131 0.62 61 < 0.001 0.2103 0.0043 2.3704 0.0480 0.0813 0.0008 0.90 1230 23 1234 14 1233 20 0
22.2 13 19 1.45 5 < 0.001 0.2256 0.0057 2.6175 0.0972 0.0846 0.0022 0.68 1311 30 1306 27 1312 49 0
28.1 210 100 0.48 34 < 0.001 0.1317 0.0027 1.2005 0.0245 0.0660 0.0007 0.90 798 16 801 11 801 22 0
29.1 225 75 0.33 77 0.23 0.2718 0.0054 3.6002 0.0709 0.0961 0.0010 0.90 1550 27 1550 16 1556 19 0
30.1 86 40 0.46 37 0.06 0.3376 0.0067 5.3890 0.1071 0.1162 0.0012 0.90 1875 32 1883 17 1899 18 1
31.1 552 597 1.08 281 2.51 0.3450 0.0084 5.2019 0.1548 0.1169 0.0014 0.82 1910 40 1853 25 1910 21 0
32.1 123 56 0.46 34 < 0.001 0.2145 0.0015 2.4256 0.0416 0.0815 0.0008 0.41 1253 8 1250 12 1237 21 −1
32.2 101 37 0.37 27 < 0.001 0.2102 0.0030 2.3417 0.0495 0.0810 0.0009 0.69 1230 16 1225 15 1225 22 0
33.1 289 195 0.67 81 < 0.001 0.2022 0.0010 2.2650 0.0360 0.0807 0.0008 0.30 1187 5 1201 11 1217 20 2
34.1 234 114 0.49 82 0.38 0.2698 0.0014 3.5889 0.0564 0.0965 0.0010 0.33 1540 7 1547 12 1563 18 1
35.1 162 94 0.58 51 < 0.001 0.2414 0.0016 2.9216 0.0474 0.0880 0.0009 0.41 1394 8 1388 12 1388 19 0
36.1 128 154 1.20 62 2.62 0.3185 0.0068 4.7789 0.1302 0.1090 0.0011 0.78 1782 33 1781 23 1785 18 0
37.1 222 102 0.46 59 0.16 0.2067 0.0018 2.3205 0.0211 0.0812 0.0003 0.90 1211 10 1219 6 1230 8 1
38.1 118 88 0.75 44 < 0.001 0.2705 0.0030 3.5774 0.0427 0.0954 0.0005 0.90 1543 15 1545 9 1541 9 0
39.1 248 128 0.51 89 0.15 0.2724 0.0025 3.6297 0.0344 0.0964 0.0003 0.90 1553 13 1556 8 1561 7 0
40.1 324 98 0.30 109 < 0.001 0.2844 0.0025 3.7978 0.0350 0.0956 0.0004 0.90 1613 13 1592 7 1547 7 −4
41.1 163 111 0.68 60 < 0.001 0.2634 0.0027 3.4977 0.0367 0.0955 0.0004 0.90 1507 14 1527 8 1544 8 2
40.2 219 59 0.27 79 < 0.001 0.2897 0.0026 3.8473 0.0362 0.0955 0.0004 0.90 1640 13 1603 8 1543 7 −6
42.1 74 41 0.56 20 < 0.001 0.2106 0.0021 2.3441 0.0246 0.0807 0.0004 0.90 1232 11 1226 7 1218 11 −1
43.1 20 16 0.78 5 8.56 0.2219 0.0024 2.4839 0.0298 0.0805 0.0005 0.90 1292 13 1267 9 1214 12 −6
44.1 137 96 0.70 31 < 0.001 0.1656 0.0015 1.6578 0.0164 0.0719 0.0003 0.89 988 8 993 6 984 10 0
45.1 101 90 0.89 29 16.24 0.2063 0.0019 2.2946 0.0253 0.0802 0.0005 0.83 1209 10 1211 8 1204 12 0
46.1 214 115 0.54 70 < 0.001 0.2346 0.0026 2.8210 0.0338 0.0864 0.0004 0.90 1359 14 1361 9 1352 9 0
47.1 242 65 0.27 57 3.05 0.1966 0.0017 2.1482 0.0196 0.0781 0.0003 0.90 1157 9 1164 6 1153 9 0
48.1 95 60 0.63 30 < 0.001 0.2426 0.0023 2.9513 0.0297 0.0886 0.0004 0.90 1400 12 1395 8 1401 8 0
Table 3 (continued)
206
206 238 207 235 207 206 206 238 207 235 207 206
Pb/ U ± Pb/ U ± Pb/ Pb ± Pb/ U ± Pb/ U ± Pb/ Pb ±
M. Babinski et al.
49.1 159 68 0.43 35 < 0.001 0.1723 0.0030 1.7441 0.0383 0.0736 0.0005 0.80 1025 17 1025 14 1030 15 0
50.1 187 163 0.87 44 < 0.001 0.1617 0.0029 1.5591 0.0343 0.0704 0.0005 0.80 966 16 954 14 938 15 −3
51.1 192 84 0.44 49 < 0.001 0.1952 0.0034 2.1541 0.0468 0.0795 0.0005 0.80 1149 18 1166 15 1188 13 3
52.1 91 31 0.34 27 < 0.001 0.2329 0.0042 2.6312 0.0578 0.0820 0.0006 0.82 1350 22 1309 16 1250 15 −8
53.1 85 30 0.35 20 < 0.001 0.1860 0.0040 1.9636 0.0510 0.0755 0.0007 0.82 1100 22 1103 17 1084 20 −1
54.1 106 56 0.53 37 0.11 0.2648 0.0046 3.4479 0.0742 0.0931 0.0006 0.81 1515 24 1515 17 1495 13 −1
55.1 108 47 0.43 30 0.12 0.2117 0.0037 2.3972 0.0520 0.0815 0.0006 0.80 1238 20 1242 15 1237 14 0
56.1 355 159 0.45 125 < 0.001 0.2680 0.0048 3.5137 0.0764 0.0945 0.0006 0.82 1531 24 1530 17 1525 12 0
57.1 195 111 0.57 60 0.18 0.2200 0.0040 2.6262 0.0582 0.0865 0.0006 0.81 1282 21 1308 16 1355 13 5
58.1 363 33 0.09 103 < 0.001 0.2428 0.0048 2.9766 0.0713 0.0883 0.0006 0.82 1401 25 1402 18 1395 13 0
59.1 92 59 0.64 42 < 0.001 0.3302 0.0078 5.1710 0.1373 0.1121 0.0008 0.89 1839 38 1848 22 1835 13 0
60.1 143 122 0.86 54 < 0.001 0.2557 0.0046 3.3898 0.0746 0.0958 0.0007 0.81 1468 23 1502 17 1550 13 5
61.1 81 32 0.39 45 < 0.001 0.4106 0.0072 7.7884 0.1681 0.1370 0.0009 0.82 2218 33 2207 19 2185 11 −1
62.1 28 27 0.97 14 1.53 0.3248 0.0066 4.9247 0.1371 0.1110 0.0012 0.73 1813 32 1806 23 1818 19 0
63.1 322 151 0.47 107 0.02 0.2493 0.0044 3.0588 0.0744 0.0893 0.0005 0.73 1435 23 1422 18 1415 11 −1
64.1 144 142 0.99 76 < 0.001 0.3391 0.0061 5.3651 0.1311 0.1153 0.0007 0.73 1882 29 1879 21 1885 11 0
65.1 97 57 0.59 32 0.84 0.2476 0.0045 3.0233 0.0783 0.0901 0.0009 0.70 1426 23 1414 20 1433 19 0
66.1 259 169 0.65 97 0.47 0.2720 0.0048 3.6108 0.0877 0.0962 0.0005 0.73 1551 24 1552 19 1558 11 0
67.1 113 47 0.41 49 < 0.001 0.3243 0.0057 4.9748 0.1204 0.1110 0.0006 0.73 1810 28 1815 20 1818 10 0
68.1 95 27 0.29 21 < 0.001 0.1778 0.0033 1.8265 0.0453 0.0744 0.0005 0.75 1055 18 1055 16 1053 14 0
69.1 107 52 0.49 30 < 0.001 0.2082 0.0038 2.3553 0.0589 0.0809 0.0005 0.73 1219 20 1229 18 1222 13 0
70.1 169 163 0.97 52 0.52 0.2049 0.0036 2.2822 0.0552 0.0811 0.0005 0.73 1202 19 1207 17 1228 12 2
71.1 72 30 0.42 44 < 0.001 0.4077 0.0073 7.4977 0.1828 0.1322 0.0008 0.74 2205 33 2173 22 2124 10 −4
72.1 186 43 0.23 49 < 0.001 0.2067 0.0041 2.2491 0.0589 0.0805 0.0006 0.75 1211 22 1197 18 1213 14 0
15
73.1 149 286 1.92 56 1.12 0.2093 0.0039 2.3181 0.0570 0.0811 0.0005 0.75 1225 21 1218 17 1229 12 0
74.1 114 31 0.28 25 < 0.001 0.1750 0.0031 1.7582 0.0427 0.0734 0.0005 0.74 1040 17 1030 16 1026 14 −1
75.1 74 111 1.49 40 < 0.001 0.3192 0.0046 5.0351 0.0894 0.1141 0.0007 0.81 1786 22 1825 15 1867 11 4
76.1 133 58 0.43 46 < 0.001 0.2689 0.0038 3.5388 0.0609 0.0953 0.0005 0.83 1535 19 1536 14 1539 10 0
77.1 126 48 0.38 32 < 0.001 0.2063 0.0029 2.2618 0.0413 0.0804 0.0004 0.78 1209 16 1200 13 1211 11 0
78.1 50 15 0.31 13 0.67 0.2074 0.0031 2.2897 0.0474 0.0799 0.0008 0.71 1215 16 1209 15 1198 21 −1
79.1 194 85 0.44 57 < 0.001 0.2275 0.0032 2.5619 0.0437 0.0817 0.0004 0.82 1321 17 1290 12 1244 10 −6
80.1 294 122 0.41 68 < 0.001 0.1814 0.0026 1.8774 0.0328 0.0750 0.0004 0.82 1075 14 1073 12 1071 11 0
81.1 87 46 0.53 23 0.37 0.2029 0.0029 2.2873 0.0402 0.0818 0.0005 0.82 1191 16 1208 12 1246 12 4
82.1 135 45 0.33 47 < 0.001 0.2806 0.0043 3.7415 0.0659 0.0969 0.0005 0.86 1595 21 1580 14 1572 10 −1
83.1 265 110 0.41 67 2.44 0.1968 0.0028 2.1315 0.0372 0.0784 0.0004 0.82 1158 15 1159 12 1161 11 0
84.1 214 94 0.44 60 < 0.001 0.2183 0.0034 2.4484 0.0462 0.0814 0.0004 0.83 1273 18 1257 14 1235 11 −3
85.1 126 43 0.34 26 < 0.001 0.1684 0.0024 1.6825 0.0288 0.0727 0.0004 0.84 1003 13 1002 11 1004 11 0
86.1 247 54 0.22 62 < 0.001 0.2011 0.0028 2.2488 0.0388 0.0814 0.0004 0.82 1181 15 1196 12 1236 10 4
87.1 240 89 0.37 84 < 0.001 0.2655 0.0044 3.4575 0.0651 0.0939 0.0005 0.87 1518 22 1518 15 1513 10 0
Table 4
206
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

1.1 242 83 0.34 54 0.14 2.4224 0.0208 0.2137 0.0009 0.0826 0.0002 0.51 1248 5 1249 6 1265 5 1
3.1 188 81 0.43 41 1.47 2.2175 0.0231 0.2029 0.0007 0.0790 0.0005 0.34 1191 4 1187 7 1175 12 −1
4.1 44 27 0.62 16 < 0.001 4.8498 0.0347 0.3146 0.0019 0.1140 0.0004 0.85 1763 9 1794 6 1866 6 5
5.1 157 92 0.59 37 < 0.001 2.5021 0.0663 0.2056 0.0046 0.0858 0.0005 0.85 1205 25 1273 19 1338 12 10
6.1 102 40 0.39 16 < 0.001 1.3793 0.0350 0.1462 0.0033 0.0685 0.0004 0.88 879 18 880 15 880 12 0
7.1 143 53 0.37 33 < 0.001 2.5255 0.0659 0.2202 0.0050 0.0826 0.0005 0.86 1283 26 1279 19 1264 12 −1
8.1 148 55 0.37 50 < 0.001 4.7743 0.1235 0.3132 0.0070 0.1089 0.0006 0.87 1757 34 1780 21 1783 10 1
9.1 53 12 0.23 8 12.68 1.6151 0.0461 0.1579 0.0039 0.0705 0.0014 0.87 945 22 976 18 941 41 0
10.1 60 23 0.39 11 7.92 1.8358 0.0559 0.1802 0.0043 0.0749 0.0010 0.79 1068 24 1058 20 1067 27 0
11.1 99 81 0.82 27 < 0.001 2.7931 0.0724 0.2328 0.0051 0.0864 0.0006 0.85 1349 27 1354 19 1352 13 0
12.1 236 63 0.27 52 < 0.001 2.2695 0.0579 0.2065 0.0045 0.0806 0.0004 0.86 1210 24 1203 18 1215 9 0
14.1 86 59 0.69 18 17.91 2.2282 0.0723 0.1975 0.0049 0.0809 0.0021 0.76 1162 26 1190 22 1223 50 5
15.1 221 53 0.24 68 3.83 4.0631 0.1054 0.2929 0.0066 0.1011 0.0005 0.87 1656 33 1647 21 1649 8 0
18.1 146 131 0.90 59 < 0.001 5.1745 0.0728 0.3312 0.0055 0.1129 0.0006 0.90 1844 27 1848 12 1848 10 0
19.1 57 40 0.70 21 < 0.001 4.6694 0.0675 0.3177 0.0055 0.1050 0.0008 0.90 1778 27 1762 12 1719 13 −3
20.1 379 197 0.52 115 < 0.001 3.7525 0.0545 0.2843 0.0049 0.0963 0.0005 0.90 1613 25 1583 12 1560 10 −3
21.1 74 72 0.97 19 < 0.001 2.3811 0.0339 0.2116 0.0036 0.0815 0.0006 0.90 1238 19 1237 10 1238 14 0
22.1 314 130 0.41 87 < 0.001 3.2058 0.0453 0.2513 0.0042 0.0928 0.0005 0.90 1445 22 1459 11 1490 10 3
23.1 365 99 0.27 76 < 0.001 2.1341 0.0303 0.1972 0.0033 0.0790 0.0004 0.90 1160 18 1160 10 1175 10 1
24.1 77 38 0.49 18 < 0.001 2.4370 0.0499 0.2162 0.0049 0.0818 0.0006 0.90 1262 26 1254 15 1245 15 −1
25.1 345 267 0.77 89 < 0.001 2.6921 0.0459 0.2291 0.0047 0.0852 0.0005 0.90 1330 25 1326 13 1326 11 0
26.1 90 60 0.67 20 < 0.001 2.2232 0.0357 0.2035 0.0034 0.0798 0.0007 0.90 1194 18 1188 11 1195 18 0
27.1 174 115 0.66 39 < 0.001 2.1920 0.0306 0.2005 0.0034 0.0802 0.0004 0.90 1178 18 1179 10 1206 11 2
16
28.1 107 40 0.37 23 1.28 2.2100 0.0311 0.2029 0.0034 0.0798 0.0005 0.90 1191 18 1184 10 1194 13 0
30.1 63 11 0.18 9 < 0.001 1.3553 0.0252 0.1464 0.0027 0.0684 0.0011 0.90 881 15 870 11 878 33 0
31.1 252 86 0.34 65 < 0.001 3.2166 0.0680 0.2504 0.0041 0.0934 0.0010 0.77 1440 21 1461 16 1501 20 4
32.1 304 132 0.44 66 < 0.001 2.2578 0.0470 0.1983 0.0032 0.0824 0.0009 0.76 1166 17 1199 15 1261 21 7
34.1 417 133 0.32 123 < 0.001 3.9141 0.0831 0.2759 0.0046 0.1038 0.0012 0.79 1571 23 1617 17 1697 20 7
35.1 138 27 0.19 29 < 0.001 2.2784 0.0483 0.2055 0.0034 0.0813 0.0009 0.78 1205 18 1206 15 1232 22 2
36.1 36 35 0.97 12 < 0.001 3.5134 0.0821 0.2714 0.0047 0.0955 0.0013 0.74 1548 24 1530 18 1544 25 0
37.1 216 86 0.40 50 5.87 2.4075 0.0527 0.2115 0.0035 0.0831 0.0009 0.76 1237 19 1245 16 1277 22 3
38.1 661 189 0.29 149 0.03 2.4022 0.0502 0.2126 0.0034 0.0828 0.0009 0.76 1243 18 1243 15 1268 21 2
39.1 409 126 0.31 113 < 0.001 3.5444 0.0783 0.2688 0.0049 0.0961 0.0011 0.83 1535 25 1537 17 1556 20 1
40.1 128 83 0.64 50 < 0.001 5.2407 0.1093 0.3330 0.0054 0.1149 0.0013 0.77 1853 26 1859 18 1880 19 1
41.1 55 18 0.33 12 < 0.001 2.1284 0.0448 0.1991 0.0035 0.0789 0.0010 0.84 1171 19 1158 14 1172 26 0
42.1 151 80 0.53 39 < 0.001 2.7897 0.0586 0.2282 0.0037 0.0899 0.0010 0.77 1325 19 1353 16 1430 21 7
43.1 135 34 0.25 29 < 0.001 2.3224 0.0488 0.2098 0.0034 0.0811 0.0009 0.77 1228 18 1219 15 1228 22 0
44.1 293 52 0.18 58 < 0.001 2.1513 0.0202 0.1953 0.0022 0.0785 0.0007 0.90 1150 12 1165 6 1164 17 1
45.1 84 41 0.48 19 < 0.001 2.2206 0.0211 0.2031 0.0025 0.0798 0.0007 0.90 1192 13 1188 7 1196 18 0
46.1 432 37 0.09 69 < 0.001 1.6348 0.0159 0.1611 0.0018 0.0735 0.0006 0.90 963 10 984 6 1029 16 6
47.1 417 170 0.41 92 < 0.001 2.2662 0.0207 0.2024 0.0023 0.0811 0.0006 0.90 1188 12 1202 6 1227 15 3
48.1 104 324 3.11 17 4.56 1.5327 0.0235 0.1577 0.0021 0.0706 0.0009 0.86 944 12 944 9 944 26 0
49.1 212 98 0.46 58 0.90 3.0496 0.0310 0.2480 0.0029 0.0900 0.0007 0.90 1428 15 1420 8 1432 15 0
50.1 230 130 0.56 54 0.02 2.3734 0.0255 0.2100 0.0024 0.0809 0.0007 0.90 1229 13 1235 8 1223 18 0
51.1 83 58 0.70 29 < 0.001 4.4957 0.0423 0.2982 0.0036 0.1109 0.0009 0.90 1682 18 1730 8 1816 15 7
52.1 52 20 0.39 14 < 0.001 3.1447 0.0295 0.2490 0.0030 0.0933 0.0009 0.90 1434 15 1444 7 1499 18 4
53.1 22 10 0.45 6 < 0.001 2.8535 0.0809 0.2427 0.0060 0.0887 0.0023 0.87 1401 31 1370 21 1403 49 0
54.1 13 11 0.82 3 < 0.001 1.7880 0.0255 0.1779 0.0068 0.0744 0.0030 0.90 1055 37 1041 9 1054 81 0
55.1 67 38 0.57 14 < 0.001 2.1151 0.0265 0.1972 0.0028 0.0785 0.0007 0.90 1160 15 1154 9 1163 18 0
56.1 278 42 0.15 59 < 0.001 2.4333 0.0299 0.2152 0.0032 0.0823 0.0007 0.90 1256 17 1252 9 1258 16 0
57.1 122 51 0.42 27 < 0.001 2.2692 0.0274 0.2046 0.0021 0.0801 0.0004 0.87 1200 11 1203 8 1202 10 0
58.1 150 70 0.46 34 0.72 2.3197 0.0249 0.2048 0.0016 0.0802 0.0005 0.71 1201 8 1218 8 1205 12 0
Table 4 (continued)
206
206 238 207 235 207 206 206 238 207 235 207 206
M. Babinski et al.
59.1 140 92 0.65 29 < 0.001 1.9560 0.0211 0.1839 0.0015 0.0781 0.0004 0.76 1088 8 1101 7 1151 11 5
60.1 165 78 0.47 45 < 0.001 4.3680 0.0495 0.2938 0.0027 0.1062 0.0007 0.81 1661 13 1706 9 1738 11 4
61.1 43 20 0.47 10 < 0.001 2.5247 0.0290 0.2188 0.0027 0.0828 0.0008 0.90 1275 14 1279 8 1269 18 0
62.1 75 49 0.65 19 < 0.001 2.8339 0.0294 0.2244 0.0019 0.0904 0.0005 0.82 1305 10 1365 8 1441 11 9
63.1 420 322 0.77 104 < 0.001 2.3833 0.0306 0.2112 0.0023 0.0809 0.0004 0.83 1235 12 1238 9 1223 10 −1
64.1 208 101 0.49 73 < 0.001 4.6295 0.0489 0.3117 0.0023 0.1071 0.0005 0.69 1749 11 1755 9 1755 9 0
65.1 49 44 0.90 16 0.32 3.3997 0.0429 0.2657 0.0026 0.0939 0.0007 0.77 1519 13 1504 10 1513 15 0
66.1 256 205 0.80 56 0.16 1.9319 0.0226 0.1849 0.0017 0.0752 0.0004 0.77 1094 9 1092 8 1076 11 −2
67.1 194 131 0.68 67 0.75 4.2461 0.0455 0.2978 0.0024 0.1041 0.0006 0.74 1681 12 1683 9 1704 11 1
68.1 124 54 0.43 34 < 0.001 3.1865 0.0330 0.2491 0.0020 0.0932 0.0005 0.77 1434 10 1454 8 1498 10 4
69.1 148 68 0.46 30 < 0.001 1.9597 0.0204 0.1858 0.0016 0.0762 0.0004 0.81 1099 9 1102 7 1102 12 0
70.1 60 27 0.45 12 < 0.001 1.9396 0.0385 0.1809 0.0036 0.0788 0.0007 0.90 1072 20 1095 13 1169 18 8
71.1 43 19 0.45 11 < 0.001 2.7832 0.0555 0.2346 0.0047 0.0869 0.0009 0.90 1359 24 1351 15 1364 20 0
71.2 200 3 0.02 31 < 0.001 1.6001 0.0310 0.1620 0.0029 0.0713 0.0004 0.90 968 16 970 12 965 11 0
72.1 151 43 0.29 44 < 0.001 3.4185 0.0707 0.2666 0.0050 0.0942 0.0007 0.90 1524 25 1509 16 1519 13 0
73.1 47 53 1.12 19 < 0.001 5.0425 0.0984 0.3267 0.0062 0.1127 0.0006 0.90 1823 30 1826 16 1846 10 1
74.1 141 46 0.33 38 < 0.001 2.8304 0.0593 0.2291 0.0044 0.0851 0.0005 0.90 1330 23 1364 16 1324 12 0
75.1 395 62 0.16 79 5.80 2.3344 0.0480 0.2024 0.0039 0.0851 0.0005 0.90 1188 21 1223 14 1322 11 10
76.1 103 45 0.44 29 < 0.001 3.4795 0.0688 0.2600 0.0049 0.0954 0.0005 0.90 1490 25 1523 15 1541 10 3
77.1 213 94 0.44 48 < 0.001 2.3140 0.0448 0.2073 0.0038 0.0808 0.0004 0.90 1214 20 1217 14 1220 10 0
78.1 552 749 1.36 101 0.08 1.2475 0.0258 0.1372 0.0025 0.0667 0.0004 0.89 829 14 822 12 826 14 0
79.1 205 54 0.27 73 0.52 6.4877 0.1291 0.3890 0.0073 0.1214 0.0006 0.90 2118 34 2044 17 1977 9 −7
80.1 134 95 0.71 35 < 0.001 2.3638 0.0467 0.2102 0.0040 0.0811 0.0005 0.90 1230 21 1232 14 1227 11 0
81.1 246 86 0.35 55 < 0.001 2.3517 0.0497 0.2122 0.0043 0.0817 0.0004 0.90 1240 23 1228 15 1243 10 0
17
82.1 114 135 1.19 34 < 0.001 2.6931 0.0335 0.2280 0.0017 0.0852 0.0008 0.59 1324 9 1327 9 1325 17 0
83.1 102 42 0.41 23 < 0.001 2.3101 0.0207 0.2081 0.0010 0.0806 0.0005 0.55 1219 5 1215 6 1216 13 0
84.1 188 326 1.73 56 < 0.001 2.4141 0.0243 0.2161 0.0016 0.0823 0.0006 0.72 1261 8 1247 7 1257 13 0
85.1 165 50 0.31 47 0.03 3.6209 0.0357 0.2709 0.0017 0.0953 0.0006 0.64 1545 9 1554 8 1541 12 0
86.1 38 31 0.83 15 < 0.001 5.0710 0.0527 0.3189 0.0033 0.1154 0.0010 0.90 1784 16 1831 9 1887 16 5
87.1 131 175 1.34 31 0.11 1.8489 0.0233 0.1799 0.0011 0.0750 0.0007 0.50 1067 6 1063 8 1069 19 0
88.1 63 34 0.54 45 < 0.001 18.6354 0.1682 0.5828 0.0034 0.2315 0.0013 0.64 2960 14 3023 9 3067 9 3
89.1 114 81 0.71 27 < 0.001 2.3375 0.0247 0.2037 0.0011 0.0825 0.0007 0.50 1195 6 1224 7 1261 16 5
90.1 40 24 0.60 11 0.13 3.2861 0.0486 0.2538 0.0021 0.0916 0.0010 0.57 1458 11 1478 11 1465 21 0
91.1 41 16 0.38 8 < 0.001 2.1075 0.0221 0.1954 0.0022 0.0779 0.0009 0.90 1151 12 1151 7 1147 23 0
92.1 142 174 1.22 39 3.85 2.5040 0.0358 0.2197 0.0018 0.0830 0.0007 0.57 1280 9 1273 10 1274 18 0
93.1 162 108 0.67 41 < 0.001 2.5532 0.0302 0.2193 0.0022 0.0849 0.0007 0.86 1278 12 1287 9 1318 16 3
94.1 186 42 0.22 50 < 0.001 3.1453 0.0262 0.2515 0.0012 0.0905 0.0005 0.57 1446 6 1444 6 1442 11 0
2.1 85 52 0.61 50 < 0.001 14.4738 0.1374 0.4859 0.0023 0.2169 0.0006 0.50 2553 10 2781 9 2964 5 14
13.1 145 162 1.11 50 1.82 4.7319 0.1372 0.2963 0.0069 0.1165 0.0010 0.81 1673 34 1773 24 1905 14 12
16.1 203 93 0.46 46 < 0.001 2.7545 0.0704 0.2094 0.0047 0.0954 0.0003 0.87 1226 25 1343 19 1541 7 20
17.1 386 193 0.50 48 < 0.001 2.0820 0.0529 0.0963 0.0022 0.1561 0.0007 0.88 593 13 1143 17 2410 7 75
29.1 402 362 0.90 66 < 0.001 1.8635 0.0300 0.1421 0.0029 0.0946 0.0006 0.90 856 16 1068 11 1526 13 44
33.1 1257 2005 1.59 68 32.52 0.3764 0.0086 0.0416 0.0007 0.0651 0.0008 0.76 263 4 324 6 772 25 66
Table 5
206
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

1.1 118 67 0.57 23 0.57 0.1649 0.0011 1.6496 0.0229 0.0718 0.0008 0.48 984 6 989 9 981 23 0
2.1 230 181 0.79 66 0.16 0.2270 0.0014 2.6875 0.0359 0.0863 0.0009 0.47 1319 8 1325 10 1351 19 2
4.1 334 80 0.24 74 < 0.001 0.2021 0.0012 2.2579 0.0300 0.0811 0.0008 0.47 1186 7 1199 9 1228 20 3
5.1 101 47 0.46 23 1.70 0.2003 0.0015 2.2185 0.0325 0.0804 0.0009 0.50 1177 8 1187 10 1210 22 3
6.1 346 80 0.23 95 < 0.001 0.2489 0.0015 3.1150 0.0414 0.0904 0.0009 0.47 1433 8 1436 10 1440 19 0
7.1 48 30 0.64 13 < 0.001 0.2282 0.0018 2.6829 0.0379 0.0853 0.0010 0.56 1325 9 1324 10 1327 24 0
8.1 308 90 0.29 92 0.15 0.2694 0.0016 3.5570 0.0468 0.0954 0.0009 0.46 1538 8 1540 10 1543 18 0
9.1 75 41 0.54 23 0.34 0.2558 0.0017 3.2089 0.0447 0.0916 0.0010 0.49 1468 9 1459 11 1465 21 0
10.1 87 52 0.61 27 0.40 0.2536 0.0017 3.2759 0.0453 0.0938 0.0010 0.49 1457 9 1475 11 1509 20 3
11.1 414 187 0.45 140 0.32 0.2847 0.0020 4.3087 0.0589 0.1086 0.0011 0.51 1615 10 1695 11 1779 18 9
12.1 416 250 0.60 102 0.10 0.2084 0.0013 2.2614 0.0299 0.0792 0.0008 0.47 1221 7 1200 9 1180 20 −3
12.2 334 168 0.50 78 0.39 0.2010 0.0012 2.1953 0.0292 0.0786 0.0008 0.46 1181 7 1180 9 1165 20 −1
13.1 329 110 0.34 101 0.05 0.2740 0.0025 3.6740 0.0582 0.0971 0.0005 0.57 1561 12 1566 13 1574 10 1
14.1 248 113 0.46 75 1.39 0.2658 0.0027 3.4746 0.0580 0.0961 0.0005 0.62 1520 14 1521 13 1556 10 2
15.1 78 13 0.17 17 < 0.001 0.2026 0.0020 2.2136 0.0367 0.0795 0.0005 0.59 1190 11 1185 12 1187 14 0
16.1 149 49 0.33 36 < 0.001 0.2148 0.0020 2.4472 0.0392 0.0827 0.0005 0.57 1254 10 1257 11 1266 11 1
17.1 544 48 0.09 135 0.05 0.2344 0.0021 2.8172 0.0447 0.0868 0.0005 0.57 1357 11 1360 12 1362 10 0
18.1 183 97 0.53 45 < 0.001 0.2090 0.0019 2.3301 0.0377 0.0809 0.0005 0.57 1223 10 1222 11 1223 12 0
19.1 105 50 0.48 26 < 0.001 0.2099 0.0019 2.3695 0.0396 0.0813 0.0006 0.56 1229 10 1233 12 1234 14 0
20.1 307 128 0.42 74 < 0.001 0.2098 0.0019 2.3607 0.0377 0.0812 0.0004 0.57 1228 10 1231 11 1231 11 0
21.1 54 25 0.46 36 0.02 0.5522 0.0053 14.7467 0.2404 0.1943 0.0011 0.59 2834 22 2799 15 2784 9 −2
22.1 115 67 0.58 29 < 0.001 0.2114 0.0020 2.3802 0.0387 0.0814 0.0005 0.57 1236 10 1237 12 1234 13 0
23.1 70 35 0.50 16 < 0.001 0.2006 0.0020 2.2276 0.0379 0.0793 0.0006 0.58 1179 11 1190 12 1184 15 0
18
24.1 114 61 0.53 30 0.14 0.2232 0.0023 2.5493 0.0425 0.0838 0.0005 0.62 1299 12 1286 12 1293 13 0
25.1 20 24 1.23 7 < 0.001 0.2553 0.0037 3.1364 0.0671 0.0913 0.0017 0.67 1466 19 1442 16 1460 34 0
27.1 144 86 0.60 36 0.01 0.2106 0.0020 2.3907 0.0287 0.0814 0.0008 0.80 1232 11 1240 9 1234 20 0
28.1 150 134 0.89 74 < 0.001 0.3798 0.0036 6.7572 0.0768 0.1278 0.0012 0.83 2075 17 2080 10 2065 16 0
29.1 134 43 0.32 31 < 0.001 0.2095 0.0020 2.3590 0.0280 0.0811 0.0008 0.80 1226 11 1230 8 1227 20 0
30.1 159 42 0.26 37 < 0.001 0.2097 0.0020 2.3750 0.0283 0.0811 0.0008 0.80 1227 11 1235 8 1229 20 0
31.1 394 138 0.35 120 1.15 0.2686 0.0026 3.6654 0.0425 0.0984 0.0009 0.82 1534 13 1564 9 1600 18 4
32.1 108 263 2.44 41 < 0.001 0.2245 0.0050 2.7041 0.0609 0.0876 0.0011 0.99 1306 26 1330 17 1379 23 5
33.1 80 44 0.56 19 < 0.001 0.2083 0.0021 2.2933 0.0273 0.0805 0.0009 0.83 1220 11 1210 8 1214 21 0
34.1 352 174 0.50 129 0.22 0.3107 0.0030 4.6070 0.0530 0.1070 0.0010 0.83 1744 15 1751 10 1752 17 0
35.1 71 14 0.20 16 < 0.001 0.2120 0.0022 2.3692 0.0305 0.0816 0.0009 0.79 1239 11 1233 9 1239 22 0
36.1 95 89 0.93 30 0.91 0.2446 0.0024 3.0784 0.0370 0.0900 0.0009 0.81 1411 12 1427 9 1431 19 1
37.1 160 54 0.34 36 < 0.001 0.2000 0.0019 2.2013 0.0265 0.0788 0.0008 0.78 1175 10 1181 8 1169 20 0
38.1 108 73 0.67 29 31.77 0.2160 0.0036 2.4265 0.0593 0.0822 0.0022 0.69 1261 19 1250 17 1256 53 0
39.1 231 61 0.27 59 0.20 0.2317 0.0016 2.7626 0.0307 0.0863 0.0004 0.64 1343 9 1345 8 1350 8 0
40.1 140 111 0.79 59 0.19 0.3290 0.0024 5.0780 0.0569 0.1114 0.0005 0.64 1833 11 1832 9 1825 8 0
41.1 50 11 0.21 15 0.02 0.2677 0.0022 3.4511 0.0453 0.0950 0.0008 0.63 1529 11 1516 10 1534 17 0
42.1 156 63 0.40 76 0.10 0.4111 0.0030 7.8315 0.0882 0.1379 0.0006 0.64 2220 13 2212 10 2197 8 −1
43.1 137 54 0.40 25 < 0.001 0.1566 0.0014 1.5286 0.0230 0.0705 0.0006 0.57 938 8 942 9 942 18 0
44.1 92 94 1.02 31 0.38 0.2495 0.0019 3.0918 0.0389 0.0903 0.0006 0.60 1436 10 1431 10 1437 13 0
45.1 83 33 0.39 20 0.95 0.2106 0.0017 2.3702 0.0304 0.0814 0.0006 0.63 1232 9 1234 9 1235 14 0
46.1 100 30 0.31 17 < 0.001 0.1536 0.0013 1.5167 0.0217 0.0698 0.0007 0.58 921 7 937 9 921 20 0
47.1 47 16 0.34 8 1.34 0.1547 0.0018 1.4903 0.0272 0.0700 0.0011 0.63 927 10 926 11 926 32 0
48.1 383 257 0.67 112 < 0.001 0.2379 0.0018 2.9038 0.0328 0.0883 0.0004 0.66 1376 9 1383 9 1395 9 1
49.1 149 203 1.37 68 0.25 0.3190 0.0025 4.8413 0.0578 0.1094 0.0006 0.66 1785 12 1792 10 1793 9 0
50.1 68 54 0.80 22 0.29 0.2660 0.0021 3.4677 0.0424 0.0940 0.0006 0.64 1521 11 1520 10 1514 12 0
51.1 51 22 0.43 13 0.55 0.2279 0.0021 2.6124 0.0416 0.0849 0.0010 0.58 1323 11 1304 12 1319 23 0
52.1 170 70 0.41 39 < 0.001 0.2012 0.0015 2.2006 0.0295 0.0794 0.0011 0.54 1182 8 1181 9 1186 28 0
53.1 38 30 0.81 11 0.06 0.2482 0.0024 3.0207 0.0474 0.0899 0.0015 0.61 1429 12 1413 12 1430 32 0
Table 5 (continued)
206
206 238 207 235 207 206 206 238 207 235 207 206
M. Babinski et al.
54.1 367 221 0.60 95 0.15 0.2205 0.0017 2.5527 0.0336 0.0833 0.0012 0.58 1285 9 1287 10 1281 27 0
55.1 274 57 0.21 81 < 0.001 0.2732 0.0020 3.6022 0.0476 0.0953 0.0013 0.55 1557 10 1550 10 1539 26 −1
56.1 214 77 0.36 49 < 0.001 0.2037 0.0015 2.2473 0.0312 0.0798 0.0011 0.53 1195 8 1196 10 1195 28 0
57.1 260 203 0.78 35 0.47 0.1064 0.0009 0.9189 0.0144 0.0616 0.0009 0.52 652 5 662 8 654 33 0
58.1 213 59 0.28 63 0.15 0.2715 0.0021 3.5366 0.0488 0.0939 0.0013 0.55 1548 10 1535 11 1512 26 −2
59.1 98 34 0.35 22 0.08 0.2058 0.0015 2.2852 0.0314 0.0802 0.0012 0.53 1206 8 1208 10 1206 29 0
60.1 143 58 0.41 35 0.27 0.2155 0.0020 2.4091 0.0361 0.0817 0.0012 0.62 1258 11 1245 11 1242 29 −1
61.1 334 212 0.64 83 0.14 0.2115 0.0015 2.3543 0.0313 0.0817 0.0011 0.54 1237 8 1229 9 1242 27 0
62.1 571 179 0.31 114 0.14 0.1810 0.0013 1.8516 0.0245 0.0742 0.0010 0.55 1073 7 1064 9 1047 28 −2
63.1 228 65 0.29 56 0.04 0.2223 0.0017 2.5681 0.0346 0.0832 0.0012 0.56 1294 9 1292 10 1279 28 −1
64.1 347 125 0.36 77 1.04 0.1950 0.0015 2.1604 0.0292 0.0801 0.0011 0.58 1148 8 1168 9 1204 28 5
65.1 110 58 0.53 36 0.41 0.2756 0.0030 3.6742 0.0283 0.0967 0.0006 0.90 1569 15 1566 6 1568 11 0
66.1 199 60 0.30 38 0.57 0.1747 0.0018 1.8049 0.0133 0.0740 0.0005 0.90 1038 10 1047 5 1042 13 0
67.1 116 40 0.34 27 18.23 0.2055 0.0023 2.2750 0.0286 0.0801 0.0008 0.89 1205 12 1205 9 1203 21 0
68.1 122 123 1.01 47 3.71 0.3171 0.0033 4.7688 0.0359 0.1088 0.0007 0.99 1775 16 1779 6 1783 12 0
69.1 59 33 0.56 28 0.08 0.3849 0.0042 7.1217 0.0605 0.1326 0.0008 0.99 2099 20 2127 8 2130 10 1
70.1 89 39 0.44 30 < 0.001 0.2583 0.0050 3.2955 0.0530 0.0922 0.0007 0.99 1481 26 1480 12 1478 14 0
71.1 150 85 0.57 37 < 0.001 0.2058 0.0023 2.3536 0.0202 0.0820 0.0005 0.99 1206 12 1229 6 1249 13 3
72.1 143 55 0.38 27 < 0.001 0.1712 0.0018 1.7594 0.0163 0.0731 0.0006 0.99 1019 10 1031 6 1018 16 0
73.1 111 86 0.78 14 < 0.001 0.1070 0.0013 0.9142 0.0130 0.0617 0.0006 0.87 655 8 659 7 657 22 0
74.1 139 58 0.42 33 < 0.001 0.2132 0.0022 2.4042 0.0190 0.0821 0.0005 0.99 1246 11 1244 6 1251 13 0
75.1 47 28 0.59 13 1.02 0.2398 0.0028 2.8768 0.0415 0.0877 0.0012 0.81 1385 14 1376 11 1381 26 0
76.1 60 38 0.64 16 < 0.001 0.2449 0.0033 3.0584 0.0360 0.0895 0.0008 0.99 1412 17 1422 9 1421 16 1
77.1 215 80 0.37 50 < 0.001 0.2058 0.0021 2.3684 0.0155 0.0819 0.0005 0.99 1206 11 1233 5 1247 11 3
19
3.1 388 232 0.60 71 3.25 0.1608 0.0012 1.7456 0.0245 0.0786 0.0008 0.52 961 6 1026 9 1165 20 17
26.1 311 254 0.82 64 10.00 0.1744 0.0018 1.9232 0.0303 0.0793 0.0010 0.66 1036 10 1089 10 1183 24 12
Table 6
206
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

1.1 160 53 0.33 42 0.20 2.3537 0.0254 0.2089 0.0017 0.0811 0.0004 0.76 1223 9 1229 8 1227 9 0
1.2 198 83 0.42 52 < 0.001 2.1319 0.0231 0.1945 0.0016 0.0785 0.0004 0.77 1146 9 1159 7 1163 10 1
2.1 191 61 0.32 47 < 0.001 2.2635 0.0232 0.2015 0.0016 0.0809 0.0004 0.77 1183 9 1201 7 1222 9 3
3.1 75 37 0.49 18 < 0.001 2.0309 0.0250 0.1889 0.0017 0.0767 0.0005 0.73 1115 9 1126 8 1116 14 0
3.2 103 78 0.76 27 1.15 2.0171 0.0237 0.1908 0.0017 0.0771 0.0005 0.77 1126 9 1121 8 1126 13 0
4.1 50 81 1.60 15 < 0.001 1.9153 0.0349 0.1861 0.0020 0.0766 0.0009 0.58 1100 11 1086 12 1113 23 1
5.1 73 33 0.46 23 1.36 2.9488 0.0535 0.2413 0.0030 0.0885 0.0006 0.70 1393 16 1395 14 1400 14 0
6.1 294 115 0.39 80 0.11 2.3864 0.0415 0.2115 0.0026 0.0817 0.0005 0.72 1237 14 1239 12 1243 13 0
6.2 82 40 0.48 23 < 0.001 2.4424 0.0448 0.2145 0.0028 0.0819 0.0007 0.72 1253 15 1255 13 1246 16 0
7.1 107 41 0.39 24 < 0.001 1.7844 0.0313 0.1762 0.0022 0.0742 0.0005 0.72 1046 12 1040 11 1048 14 0
8.1 53 28 0.53 11 0.11 1.6117 0.0352 0.1643 0.0022 0.0723 0.0007 0.61 980 12 975 14 995 20 1
9.1 12 4 0.33 3 < 0.001 1.9655 0.0882 0.1865 0.0050 0.0760 0.0029 0.59 1102 27 1104 30 1098 77 0
10.1 67 45 0.67 16 1.17 1.6331 0.0484 0.1645 0.0036 0.0719 0.0011 0.73 982 20 983 19 983 31 0
11.1 98 63 0.64 28 3.01 2.2368 0.0545 0.2026 0.0035 0.0794 0.0005 0.71 1189 19 1193 17 1185 14 0
12.1 119 34 0.28 30 0.69 2.1452 0.0509 0.1988 0.0034 0.0789 0.0004 0.71 1169 18 1163 16 1174 11 0
13.1 15 17 1.15 7 2.57 2.9725 0.0990 0.2481 0.0056 0.0896 0.0022 0.68 1429 29 1401 25 1423 46 0
14.1 314 84 0.27 84 0.19 2.3352 0.0538 0.2096 0.0035 0.0810 0.0003 0.73 1227 19 1223 16 1226 7 0
15.1 250 139 0.56 72 0.11 2.3943 0.0555 0.2127 0.0036 0.0810 0.0003 0.74 1243 19 1241 16 1226 8 −1
16.1 178 104 0.58 41 0.20 1.6386 0.0472 0.1652 0.0031 0.0728 0.0006 0.65 986 17 985 18 1007 16 2
17.1 118 65 0.55 31 6.88 2.0002 0.0592 0.1882 0.0036 0.0774 0.0007 0.64 1112 19 1116 20 1134 18 2
18.1 87 62 0.72 27 0.63 2.3707 0.0820 0.2128 0.0056 0.0818 0.0011 0.76 1244 30 1234 24 1244 26 0
19.1 58 30 0.51 14 < 0.001 1.6838 0.0508 0.1703 0.0034 0.0731 0.0009 0.66 1014 19 1002 19 1018 26 0
20.1 96 41 0.42 26 0.21 2.2982 0.0672 0.2081 0.0039 0.0810 0.0007 0.64 1219 21 1212 20 1225 17 0
20
21.1 233 72 0.31 50 < 0.001 1.7265 0.0508 0.1706 0.0033 0.0730 0.0006 0.66 1016 18 1018 19 1016 17 0
22.1 99 44 0.45 21 0.56 1.5988 0.0459 0.1621 0.0031 0.0715 0.0005 0.66 969 17 970 18 971 16 0
23.1 90 41 0.45 32 0.20 3.0234 0.0887 0.2462 0.0047 0.0894 0.0008 0.65 1419 24 1414 22 1419 16 0
24.1 143 32 0.22 36 < 0.001 2.1933 0.0638 0.1980 0.0039 0.0802 0.0006 0.67 1165 21 1179 20 1205 14 3
25.1 104 39 0.38 22 0.11 1.5979 0.0460 0.1629 0.0031 0.0716 0.0006 0.66 973 17 969 18 975 18 0
26.1 78 50 0.64 22 < 0.001 2.1428 0.0626 0.2014 0.0039 0.0792 0.0007 0.66 1183 21 1163 20 1180 18 0
27.1 50 15 0.30 13 6.28 2.2605 0.0773 0.2093 0.0044 0.0791 0.0010 0.62 1225 23 1200 24 1178 25 −4
28.1 222 164 0.74 67 0.01 2.4393 0.0707 0.2103 0.0040 0.0835 0.0006 0.66 1230 21 1254 21 1286 14 4
29.1 311 129 0.41 71 0.23 1.7084 0.0373 0.1689 0.0030 0.0726 0.0007 0.81 1006 16 1012 14 1003 21 0
30.1 110 32 0.29 31 < 0.001 2.3121 0.0517 0.2058 0.0037 0.0803 0.0009 0.81 1206 20 1216 16 1209 21 0
31.1 213 58 0.27 55 < 0.001 2.2355 0.0492 0.2016 0.0036 0.0820 0.0008 0.81 1184 19 1192 15 1250 19 5
32.1 239 71 0.30 61 < 0.001 2.1782 0.0471 0.1949 0.0034 0.0810 0.0008 0.81 1148 18 1174 15 1225 19 6
33.1 145 162 1.12 48 < 0.001 2.3424 0.0515 0.1998 0.0035 0.0844 0.0009 0.81 1175 19 1225 16 1308 20 10
34.1 125 145 1.17 63 1.09 4.6971 0.1032 0.3140 0.0056 0.1076 0.0011 0.81 1760 27 1767 18 1763 18 0
36.1 133 54 0.40 37 4.66 2.3210 0.0523 0.2091 0.0040 0.0808 0.0008 0.84 1224 21 1219 16 1221 20 0
38.1 114 81 0.71 38 8.42 2.4567 0.0587 0.2149 0.0038 0.0858 0.0011 0.74 1255 20 1259 17 1340 25 6
40.2 240 124 0.52 76 2.13 2.2107 0.0498 0.2045 0.0037 0.0798 0.0008 0.81 1199 20 1184 16 1195 20 0
41.1 116 76 0.65 24 < 0.001 1.3675 0.0387 0.1486 0.0035 0.0688 0.0007 0.83 893 20 875 16 890 22 0
42.1 133 80 0.60 42 < 0.001 2.5287 0.0722 0.2176 0.0056 0.0825 0.0007 0.90 1269 30 1280 21 1263 18 0
43.1 213 62 0.29 73 < 0.001 3.5015 0.0930 0.2613 0.0061 0.0966 0.0008 0.88 1497 31 1528 21 1566 16 4
44.1 66 19 0.29 14 5.05 1.6984 0.0521 0.1723 0.0042 0.0735 0.0012 0.80 1025 23 1008 19 1028 32 0
44.2 131 88 0.68 39 < 0.001 2.4611 0.0648 0.2218 0.0050 0.0839 0.0008 0.85 1292 26 1261 19 1296 18 0
45.1 156 65 0.42 35 < 0.001 1.7582 0.0463 0.1745 0.0039 0.0737 0.0007 0.86 1037 22 1030 17 1033 20 0
46.1 146 28 0.19 39 < 0.001 2.3767 0.0758 0.2122 0.0063 0.0816 0.0008 0.90 1241 34 1236 23 1240 19 0
48.1 320 88 0.28 85 0.13 2.3330 0.0600 0.2077 0.0046 0.0819 0.0007 0.86 1217 25 1222 18 1247 17 2
49.1 116 27 0.24 31 < 0.001 2.2769 0.0597 0.2063 0.0047 0.0803 0.0008 0.88 1209 25 1205 18 1208 19 0
50.1 89 38 0.43 25 < 0.001 2.2208 0.0592 0.2015 0.0046 0.0791 0.0008 0.86 1183 25 1188 18 1179 19 0
51.1 213 272 1.28 72 0.90 2.4638 0.0649 0.2085 0.0047 0.0861 0.0008 0.85 1221 25 1261 19 1347 19 9
52.1 241 66 0.27 51 < 0.001 1.6967 0.0438 0.1660 0.0037 0.0738 0.0006 0.86 990 20 1007 16 1036 18 4
Table 6 (continued)
206
206 238 207 235 207 206 206 238 207 235 207 206
M. Babinski et al.
53.1 181 63 0.35 48 < 0.001 2.3119 0.0393 0.2025 0.0034 0.0823 0.0003 0.90 1189 18 1216 12 1257 6 5
54.1 275 105 0.38 60 < 0.001 1.7541 0.0301 0.1712 0.0029 0.0737 0.0002 0.90 1019 16 1029 11 1033 6 1
55.1 282 170 0.60 83 < 0.001 2.8977 0.0862 0.2387 0.0072 0.0877 0.0003 0.90 1380 37 1381 22 1383 7 0
56.1 92 40 0.43 25 < 0.001 2.2147 0.0471 0.2021 0.0042 0.0794 0.0004 0.90 1186 23 1186 15 1186 10 0
57.1 135 40 0.29 37 0.73 2.3545 0.0438 0.2078 0.0036 0.0823 0.0005 0.90 1217 19 1229 13 1257 11 3
58.1 106 53 0.50 50 0.16 5.5800 0.1002 0.3466 0.0062 0.1144 0.0004 0.90 1918 30 1913 15 1872 6 −2
59.1 115 54 0.47 33 2.67 2.5046 0.0439 0.2190 0.0037 0.0831 0.0004 0.90 1276 20 1273 13 1276 9 0
60.1 57 41 0.72 13 < 0.001 1.5587 0.0324 0.1618 0.0029 0.0713 0.0007 0.86 967 16 954 13 967 20 0
60.2 695 209 0.30 158 14.75 1.8140 0.0323 0.1777 0.0032 0.0746 0.0002 0.90 1055 18 1051 12 1059 6 0
61.1 147 69 0.47 45 0.19 2.6096 0.0534 0.2293 0.0046 0.0815 0.0003 0.90 1331 24 1303 15 1238 7 −7
62.1 234 64 0.28 65 0.12 2.3811 0.0422 0.2120 0.0036 0.0816 0.0003 0.90 1239 19 1237 13 1239 7 0
63.1 152 53 0.35 49 < 0.001 2.8914 0.0526 0.2448 0.0042 0.0853 0.0003 0.90 1412 22 1380 14 1327 8 −6
64.1 113 68 0.60 26 < 0.001 1.7267 0.0315 0.1708 0.0030 0.0731 0.0003 0.90 1016 16 1019 12 1017 9 0
65.1 85 159 1.87 33 0.42 2.3340 0.0453 0.2080 0.0032 0.0805 0.0010 0.80 1218 17 1223 14 1213 25 0
66.1 235 104 0.44 64 0.01 2.3526 0.0251 0.2092 0.0026 0.0811 0.0003 0.90 1225 14 1228 8 1228 8 0
67.1 99 63 0.64 26 0.13 2.1674 0.0236 0.1995 0.0025 0.0787 0.0004 0.90 1173 14 1171 8 1168 10 0
68.1 60 35 0.59 22 < 0.001 3.7478 0.0470 0.2768 0.0035 0.0961 0.0006 0.90 1575 18 1582 10 1555 12 −1
69.1 106 80 0.75 47 0.01 4.7296 0.0572 0.3184 0.0046 0.1068 0.0005 0.90 1782 22 1772 10 1750 8 −2
70.1 115 50 0.43 26 < 0.001 1.8399 0.0220 0.1787 0.0023 0.0742 0.0004 0.90 1060 13 1060 8 1047 11 −1
71.1 171 67 0.39 47 < 0.001 2.3348 0.0260 0.2035 0.0025 0.0814 0.0004 0.90 1194 14 1223 8 1237 9 3
72.1 251 151 0.60 110 < 0.001 4.9173 0.0501 0.3188 0.0039 0.1110 0.0004 0.90 1784 19 1805 9 1819 6 2
73.1 98 27 0.27 25 < 0.001 2.2442 0.0310 0.2081 0.0028 0.0793 0.0005 0.90 1219 15 1195 10 1183 12 −3
74.1 254 77 0.30 56 0.11 1.8214 0.0194 0.1784 0.0022 0.0731 0.0003 0.90 1058 12 1053 7 1016 8 −4
75.1 104 25 0.24 25 < 0.001 2.0870 0.0242 0.1935 0.0024 0.0778 0.0004 0.90 1140 13 1145 8 1143 11 0
21
76.1 50 19 0.39 11 < 0.001 1.6369 0.0269 0.1651 0.0027 0.0721 0.0008 0.90 985 15 985 10 988 23 0
77.1 199 102 0.51 60 0.25 2.6933 0.0279 0.2290 0.0028 0.0851 0.0003 0.90 1329 15 1327 8 1323 7 0
4.2 241 330 1.37 42 201.73 0.9596 0.0188 0.0993 0.0010 0.0756 0.0006 0.53 610 6 683 10 1087 17 44
8.2 247 104 0.42 53 2.70 1.5991 0.0330 0.1553 0.0024 0.0750 0.0005 0.74 931 13 970 13 1071 15 13
35.1 70 20 0.28 15 1.92 1.7597 0.0454 0.1682 0.0032 0.0770 0.0009 0.73 1002 17 1031 17 1124 24 11
37.1 216 117 0.54 46 0.19 1.5266 0.0336 0.1495 0.0027 0.0746 0.0008 0.81 898 15 941 13 1060 21 15
39.1 122 31 0.25 27 0.10 1.8537 0.0412 0.1653 0.0030 0.0809 0.0008 0.82 986 17 1065 15 1224 21 19
40.1 472 187 0.40 113 1.47 1.8933 0.0415 0.1681 0.0030 0.0817 0.0008 0.82 1002 17 1079 14 1242 19 19
47.1 302 208 0.69 88 1.54 2.7787 0.0733 0.2097 0.0048 0.0963 0.0008 0.87 1227 26 1350 20 1559 16 21
Table 7
206
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

1.1 85 184 2.17 43 0.19 3.9479 0.0638 0.2831 0.0032 0.1001 0.0006 0.69 1607 16 1624 13 1631 10 1
2.1 161 90 0.56 42 0.63 2.2845 0.0367 0.2053 0.0022 0.0800 0.0004 0.67 1204 12 1208 11 1201 11 0
3.1 152 35 0.23 38 13.94 2.3008 0.0379 0.2048 0.0023 0.0799 0.0005 0.67 1201 12 1213 12 1199 12 0
4.1 272 100 0.37 101 < 0.001 3.6827 0.0560 0.2768 0.0029 0.0955 0.0004 0.69 1575 15 1568 12 1543 8 −2
5.1 306 99 0.32 99 < 0.001 3.6617 0.0554 0.2738 0.0028 0.0960 0.0004 0.68 1560 14 1563 12 1553 8 0
6.1 97 40 0.41 19 1.34 1.6070 0.0256 0.1627 0.0018 0.0722 0.0004 0.70 972 10 973 10 991 12 2
7.1 573 114 0.20 114 < 0.001 1.7949 0.0275 0.1748 0.0019 0.0737 0.0003 0.69 1038 10 1044 10 1035 8 0
8.1 151 36 0.24 44 < 0.001 3.1615 0.0504 0.2502 0.0028 0.0907 0.0004 0.69 1440 14 1448 12 1446 9 0
9.1 118 108 0.91 52 < 0.001 4.9059 0.0777 0.3246 0.0037 0.1103 0.0005 0.71 1812 18 1803 13 1807 8 0
10.1 238 98 0.41 50 0.05 1.8050 0.0278 0.1753 0.0018 0.0738 0.0003 0.68 1041 10 1047 10 1038 9 0
11.1 368 206 0.56 96 0.26 2.3389 0.0354 0.2080 0.0022 0.0808 0.0003 0.69 1218 12 1224 11 1221 8 0
12.1 137 66 0.49 36 < 0.001 2.2720 0.0357 0.2012 0.0022 0.0808 0.0005 0.71 1182 12 1204 11 1221 11 3
13.1 169 63 0.38 38 < 0.001 1.8100 0.0274 0.1759 0.0018 0.0740 0.0003 0.68 1045 10 1049 10 1042 9 0
14.1 81 25 0.31 19 < 0.001 2.2361 0.0431 0.1999 0.0034 0.0815 0.0004 0.87 1175 18 1192 13 1237 9 5
15.1 353 251 0.71 167 < 0.001 6.2323 0.1192 0.3523 0.0057 0.1273 0.0003 0.84 1946 27 2009 17 2059 4 5
16.1 270 157 0.58 64 < 0.001 1.8386 0.0384 0.1779 0.0031 0.0744 0.0004 0.84 1055 17 1059 14 1052 10 0
17.1 467 197 0.42 97 < 0.001 1.7805 0.0338 0.1745 0.0028 0.0740 0.0002 0.84 1037 15 1038 12 1041 6 0
18.1 201 67 0.34 47 < 0.001 2.2822 0.0437 0.2017 0.0033 0.0815 0.0002 0.85 1185 18 1207 13 1237 6 4
19.1 199 61 0.31 54 < 0.001 2.7730 0.0530 0.2305 0.0037 0.0865 0.0002 0.84 1337 19 1348 14 1356 5 1
20.1 89 28 0.31 17 < 0.001 1.5906 0.0303 0.1609 0.0026 0.0711 0.0003 0.86 962 15 967 12 959 8 0
21.1 312 128 0.41 76 < 0.001 2.2357 0.0450 0.2025 0.0035 0.0796 0.0002 0.87 1189 19 1192 14 1190 6 0
22.1 85 51 0.59 24 < 0.001 2.4846 0.0475 0.2198 0.0036 0.0816 0.0003 0.85 1281 19 1268 14 1240 8 −3
23.1 77 76 1.00 23 < 0.001 2.4929 0.0495 0.2166 0.0036 0.0836 0.0003 0.83 1264 19 1270 14 1289 8 2
22
24.1 156 79 0.51 37 < 0.001 2.0881 0.0399 0.1941 0.0032 0.0780 0.0003 0.86 1144 17 1145 13 1149 8 0
25.1 287 166 0.58 96 < 0.001 3.4975 0.0668 0.2641 0.0042 0.0953 0.0002 0.84 1511 22 1527 15 1540 5 2
26.1 144 69 0.48 45 < 0.001 3.2007 0.0612 0.2510 0.0040 0.0916 0.0003 0.84 1444 21 1457 15 1464 5 1
27.1 203 87 0.43 46 0.51 1.8204 0.0395 0.1768 0.0028 0.0744 0.0005 0.74 1050 15 1053 14 1054 13 0
28.1 240 82 0.34 50 0.59 1.7266 0.0373 0.1710 0.0027 0.0732 0.0004 0.73 1018 15 1019 14 1019 11 0
29.1 258 93 0.36 53 < 0.001 1.7111 0.0365 0.1664 0.0026 0.0734 0.0004 0.73 992 14 1013 14 1027 12 3
30.1 272 390 1.44 112 0.47 3.2980 0.0691 0.2571 0.0040 0.0930 0.0005 0.74 1475 20 1481 16 1495 10 1
31.1 83 59 0.71 19 < 0.001 1.8962 0.0816 0.1735 0.0035 0.0735 0.0024 0.47 1031 19 1080 28 1029 65 0
32.1 55 31 0.57 16 < 0.001 2.3813 0.0648 0.2131 0.0039 0.0819 0.0015 0.67 1245 21 1237 19 1247 36 0
33.1 416 474 1.14 108 < 0.001 1.7700 0.0371 0.1707 0.0027 0.0747 0.0004 0.75 1016 15 1035 14 1060 10 4
34.1 259 102 0.40 54 1.00 1.7798 0.0372 0.1739 0.0027 0.0737 0.0004 0.75 1034 15 1038 14 1033 10 0
35.1 268 106 0.40 66 0.26 2.2128 0.0461 0.1975 0.0031 0.0812 0.0004 0.75 1162 17 1185 14 1229 10 5
36.1 99 37 0.37 23 < 0.001 1.8470 0.0455 0.1774 0.0042 0.0744 0.0006 0.90 1053 23 1062 16 1053 17 0
37.1 43 37 0.87 11 < 0.001 1.9853 0.0425 0.1881 0.0031 0.0764 0.0004 0.78 1111 17 1111 14 1107 12 0
38.1 428 123 0.29 101 < 0.001 2.1532 0.0452 0.1943 0.0030 0.0799 0.0004 0.75 1145 16 1166 14 1199 10 4
39.1 368 53 0.14 137 0.62 4.5672 0.1678 0.3098 0.0126 0.1061 0.0021 0.90 1740 62 1743 30 1737 35 0
40.1 102 92 0.90 38 < 0.001 3.5978 0.0795 0.2715 0.0075 0.0958 0.0006 0.90 1549 38 1549 17 1550 12 0
41.1 178 104 0.58 46 < 0.001 2.3406 0.0513 0.2068 0.0057 0.0822 0.0005 0.90 1212 30 1225 15 1254 12 3
42.1 102 102 1.01 25 < 0.001 1.7831 0.0396 0.1765 0.0050 0.0741 0.0006 0.90 1048 27 1039 14 1044 15 0
43.1 159 172 1.08 76 < 0.001 5.1640 0.1139 0.3229 0.0089 0.1154 0.0007 0.90 1804 43 1847 19 1887 11 4
44.1 593 197 0.33 127 < 0.001 1.8857 0.0415 0.1789 0.0049 0.0760 0.0005 0.90 1061 27 1076 15 1097 12 3
45.1 90 164 1.83 25 < 0.001 1.7201 0.0384 0.1700 0.0048 0.0734 0.0006 0.90 1012 27 1016 14 1027 17 1
46.1 211 133 0.63 72 < 0.001 3.5173 0.0777 0.2680 0.0074 0.0946 0.0006 0.90 1531 38 1531 17 1527 12 0
47.1 242 105 0.44 57 < 0.001 2.1580 0.0482 0.1990 0.0056 0.0788 0.0005 0.90 1170 30 1168 15 1171 13 0
48.1 262 93 0.36 66 < 0.001 2.3712 0.0521 0.2110 0.0058 0.0821 0.0005 0.90 1234 31 1234 16 1251 12 1
49.1 88 64 0.73 21 < 0.001 1.8942 0.0422 0.1842 0.0052 0.0756 0.0006 0.90 1090 28 1079 15 1086 16 0
50.1 112 41 0.37 35 < 0.001 3.3226 0.0730 0.2596 0.0072 0.0926 0.0006 0.90 1488 37 1486 17 1485 13 0
51.1 313 216 0.69 91 < 0.001 2.3441 0.0536 0.2110 0.0060 0.0815 0.0005 0.90 1234 32 1226 16 1239 13 0
52.1 181 61 0.34 46 < 0.001 2.3194 0.0513 0.2083 0.0058 0.0809 0.0005 0.90 1220 31 1218 16 1222 13 0
%Disc. 30 μm. Data acquisition occurred in 50 cycles of 1.048 s of integration

time, simultaneously collecting the masses 202, 204, 206, 207, 208,
1
0
3
0
0
4
0
0
0
3
0
1
2
232, and 238, where the 202, 204, and 207 were measured with mul-
tiplier ion counting channels and 206,208, 232, and 238 with Faraday
±
10
8
7
6
8
6
6
8
6
7
8
7
7
cups. Laser-induced elemental fractional and instrumental mass dis-
Pb
crimination were corrected using the reference zircon GJ-1 (Jackson

206
et al., 2004). During analysis three GJ-1 measurements were made

Pb/
1041
1196
1044
1017
1210
1506
1809
1072
1566
1210
1216
1230
before and after every 13th zircon sample and two blanks. The average
963
207
blank values were subtracted from all individual cycle measurements.

The 204Pb value was corrected for 204Hg, assuming 202Hg/204Hg ratio
±
15
16
15
15
16
18
15
19
15
18
16
16
16
equal to 4.355. Laser-induced elemental fractional and instrumental
mass discrimination were corrected by the reference zircon (GJ-1),
U
235
following the measurement of two GJ-1 analyses to every 13th zircon

Pb/
1031
1190
1027
1022
1210
1468
1805
1068
1542
1206
1214
1213 sample spot. The external error was calculated after the propagation
971
207
error of the GJ-1 mean and the individual zircon sample.

±
22
25
22
23
26
30
21
37
24
32
26
26
26
5. Results
U
238
Age (Ma)
5.1. Sm-Nd isotopic whole rock analyses

Pb/
1027
1190
1013
1017
1211
1439
1804
1070
1514
1207
1203
1203
963
206
Twenty-two whole rock samples were selected for Sm-Nd analysis.

All units outcropping in the study area were collected (Fig. 4), including
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
samples from the units 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7. The results are shown in Table 1
ρ
and Fig. 6. The TDM ages showed a very narrow range, between 1.6 and
0.0003
0.0003
0.0002
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
1.8 Ga, and εNd(t=0) values range between −11.7 and −15.0. Samples
±
of the oldest unit (the Campina de Pedras Formation) and the youngest
unit (Unit 7, the Coxipó Formation) had the same old TDM age of 1.8 Ga
Pb
and different εNd values of −11.7 and - 14.7, respectively. The other
206
0.0740
0.0798
0.0741
0.0731
0.0804
0.0936
0.0712
0.1104
0.0751
0.0966
0.0804
0.0806
0.0812
Pb/
units have the same or slightly younger TDM ages.

207
5.2. U-Pb detrital zircon isotopic analyses

0.0041
0.0047
0.0040
0.0042
0.0048
0.0059
0.0038
0.0076
0.0044
0.0062
0.0048
0.0048
0.0048
±
Fourteen samples of the Cuiabá Group were selected to carry out a

study on the provenance of the sediments through the analysis of det-
U
235
rital zircons (Tables 2–15). The presentation of the U-Pb data follows
0.1727
0.2027
0.1701
0.1710
0.2066
0.2501
0.1611
0.3229
0.1806
0.2647
0.2059
0.2051
0.2052
Pb/
the chronological order of the units, starting with the oldest out-
207
cropping in the area, Unit 2. As the distinction between units 3 and 5,

according to the classification of Luz et al. (1980), in the study region is
0.0410
0.0515
0.0403
0.0420
0.0530
0.0759
0.0375
0.1134
0.0440
0.0824
0.0530
0.0532
0.0534
not very clear, these units will be presented together, because in the
Radiogenic Ratios
classification of Tokashiki and Saes (2008) units 3, 4 and 5 constitute

the Acorizal Formation. Finally we will present the data of unit 7, which
U
238
are part of the Coxipó Formation, the top of the Cuiabá Group
1.7603
2.2297
1.7499
1.7373
2.2915
3.2456
1.6008
4.9151
1.8627
3.5668
2.2811
2.3042
2.3012
Pb/
(Tokashiki and Saes, 2008).

206
5.3. Campina de Pedras Formation

< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
f206%
The rocks of this formation represent the base of the Cuiabá Group
in the study area. Its occurrence is restricted and only one sample of this
unit (PO-20), a metagraywacke, was collected for provenance analysis.
Pb* (ppm)
82 zircon grains were analysed, with only 6 showing more than 15%
discordance. The ages range from 905 ± 23 Ma to 1877 ± 12 Ma
166
139
105
103
111
206
58
75
38
55
37
91
77
42
(Fig. 7). The most significant age peak is at 1230 Ma, followed by peaks
of 1020 Ma and 1300 Ma (Fig. 8).
Th/U
0.60
0.34
0.24
0.32
0.53
0.41
0.46
0.58
0.48
0.47
0.42
0.46
0.47
5.4. Acorizal Formation

Th (ppm)
The rocks of this formation are equivalent to Units 3, 4 and 5 of the

155
102
200
214
211
137
131
176
138
classification of Luz et al. (1980), and are represented mainly by areno-

88
76
80
77
pelitic metarhythmites, phyllites and (meta) diamictites. Twelve sam-

U (ppm)
ples were collected to separate detrital zircons (Fig. 4). Two of them
Table 7 (continued)
(PO-27 and MT-33) belong to Unit 3 of Luz et al. (1980) and are re-
257
301
830
667
397
335
190
132
168
279
424
303
165
presentative of the base of the Acorizal Formation of pre-glacial char-

acter. Samples MT-32 and 35 belong to Unit 4 of Luz et al. (1980), an
Grain.spot
intermediate part of the Acorizal Formation, where the rocks already

53.1
54.1
55.1
56.1
57.1
58.1
59.1
60.1
61.1
62.1
63.1
64.1
65.1
deposited in glacial environment. The rocks of Unit 5, clearly glacial,

correspond to the upper portion of the Acorizal Formation and are
23
Table 8
206
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

1.1 82 38 0.47 22 0.26 2.2005 0.0251 0.2006 0.0016 0.0805 0.0004 0.70 1179 9 1181 8 1213 9 3
2.1 160 121 0.76 45 0.17 2.2451 0.0234 0.2031 0.0015 0.0797 0.0003 0.72 1192 8 1195 7 1192 8 0
3.1 83 32 0.39 22 0.14 2.3358 0.0271 0.2056 0.0017 0.0803 0.0005 0.71 1205 9 1223 8 1208 11 0
4.1 64 28 0.44 28 0.50 5.4033 0.0602 0.3386 0.0029 0.1149 0.0004 0.77 1880 14 1885 9 1880 6 0
5.1 101 42 0.42 39 < 0.001 5.0093 0.0589 0.3171 0.0028 0.1135 0.0005 0.76 1776 14 1821 10 1857 7 4
6.1 114 43 0.38 37 0.16 3.3499 0.0356 0.2592 0.0020 0.0942 0.0004 0.72 1486 10 1493 8 1518 8 2
7.1 39 19 0.47 11 1.58 2.3251 0.0306 0.2089 0.0018 0.0811 0.0006 0.67 1223 10 1220 9 1228 14 0
8.1 129 90 0.70 48 0.14 3.4448 0.0372 0.2601 0.0020 0.0954 0.0004 0.71 1490 10 1515 8 1542 7 3
9.1 132 48 0.36 42 0.00 3.2552 0.0347 0.2509 0.0019 0.0930 0.0004 0.72 1443 10 1470 8 1493 8 3
10.1 35 18 0.52 12 2.16 3.3777 0.0446 0.2649 0.0024 0.0923 0.0007 0.67 1515 12 1499 10 1479 14 −2
11.1 60 44 0.73 27 0.11 4.9994 0.0551 0.3191 0.0025 0.1142 0.0006 0.72 1785 12 1819 9 1869 9 4
12.1 315 106 0.34 88 0.00 2.3675 0.0256 0.2102 0.0017 0.0810 0.0003 0.74 1230 9 1233 8 1225 8 0
13.1 83 31 0.38 18 < 0.001 1.8331 0.0224 0.1796 0.0015 0.0760 0.0004 0.71 1065 8 1057 8 1096 9 3
14.1 99 31 0.32 27 0.13 2.4783 0.0368 0.2162 0.0027 0.0831 0.0004 0.85 1262 15 1266 11 1276 10 1
15.1 155 56 0.36 48 < 0.001 2.6654 0.0506 0.2275 0.0040 0.0851 0.0004 0.90 1321 21 1319 14 1323 10 0
16.1 126 185 1.46 70 < 0.001 5.3091 0.0782 0.3361 0.0043 0.1147 0.0005 0.87 1868 21 1870 13 1877 8 0
17.1 81 67 0.82 32 0.28 3.5461 0.0740 0.2697 0.0046 0.0956 0.0006 0.82 1539 23 1538 16 1547 12 0
18.1 73 22 0.30 17 0.00 2.0065 0.0309 0.1874 0.0024 0.0779 0.0004 0.83 1107 13 1118 10 1146 11 3
19.1 165 190 1.15 61 < 0.001 2.9720 0.0439 0.2372 0.0030 0.0909 0.0004 0.86 1372 16 1400 11 1451 8 5
20.1 123 51 0.42 24 1.09 1.5412 0.0265 0.1570 0.0023 0.0703 0.0004 0.84 940 13 947 11 937 11 0
21.1 113 41 0.36 30 0.58 2.2002 0.0335 0.2008 0.0026 0.0802 0.0004 0.84 1180 14 1181 11 1206 11 2
22.1 38 42 1.12 18 < 0.001 4.6852 0.0826 0.3150 0.0052 0.1080 0.0007 0.90 1765 25 1765 15 1769 11 0
23.1 71 53 0.75 33 0.01 5.1077 0.0812 0.3284 0.0047 0.1134 0.0005 0.90 1831 23 1837 13 1856 8 1
24
24.1 119 69 0.58 35 1.81 2.6061 0.0392 0.2239 0.0029 0.0848 0.0004 0.85 1303 15 1302 11 1317 9 1
25.1 178 61 0.34 43 < 0.001 2.1539 0.0366 0.1915 0.0026 0.0811 0.0006 0.79 1129 14 1166 12 1229 14 8
26.1 101 77 0.76 48 0.06 5.1315 0.0760 0.3257 0.0041 0.1139 0.0005 0.86 1818 20 1841 13 1864 8 2
27.1 169 97 0.58 55 < 0.001 2.8451 0.0300 0.2380 0.0024 0.0877 0.0005 0.90 1377 12 1368 8 1381 11 0
28.1 147 92 0.63 48 0.20 2.7841 0.0204 0.2328 0.0015 0.0861 0.0004 0.90 1349 8 1351 5 1346 9 0
29.1 202 89 0.44 52 0.17 2.1968 0.0144 0.1977 0.0012 0.0807 0.0004 0.90 1163 6 1180 5 1218 9 4
30.1 59 20 0.34 15 1.02 2.1885 0.0202 0.1956 0.0015 0.0797 0.0006 0.81 1152 8 1177 6 1193 15 3
31.1 158 71 0.45 41 0.25 2.2464 0.0153 0.2008 0.0013 0.0811 0.0004 0.90 1179 7 1196 5 1228 10 4
32.1 111 147 1.32 58 < 0.001 4.9805 0.0315 0.3201 0.0019 0.1126 0.0005 0.90 1790 9 1816 5 1844 8 3
33.1 56 51 0.91 22 1.22 3.3589 0.0286 0.2619 0.0020 0.0933 0.0006 0.89 1499 10 1495 7 1499 12 0
34.1 19 7 0.34 7 < 0.001 3.4602 0.0568 0.2680 0.0034 0.0944 0.0016 0.78 1531 17 1518 13 1523 31 0
35.1 167 80 0.48 33 < 0.001 1.4566 0.0107 0.1516 0.0009 0.0696 0.0004 0.85 910 5 913 4 914 12 0
36.1 105 110 1.05 37 0.77 2.6532 0.0209 0.2285 0.0015 0.0855 0.0004 0.85 1327 8 1316 6 1333 10 0
37.1 84 136 1.61 47 0.58 5.7129 0.0392 0.3421 0.0025 0.1164 0.0006 0.90 1897 12 1933 6 1902 9 0
38.1 146 62 0.43 47 0.81 3.1605 0.0222 0.2448 0.0016 0.0936 0.0004 0.90 1412 8 1448 5 1506 9 6
39.1 68 29 0.43 18 0.52 2.2078 0.0220 0.2021 0.0016 0.0796 0.0007 0.79 1186 9 1184 7 1191 17 0
40.1 171 68 0.40 43 < 0.001 2.2189 0.0272 0.1967 0.0021 0.0810 0.0004 0.89 1158 12 1187 9 1225 10 5
41.1 28 9 0.33 7 0.20 2.1986 0.0365 0.2056 0.0027 0.0801 0.0008 0.80 1205 15 1181 12 1204 20 0
42.1 226 109 0.48 62 < 0.001 2.2550 0.0304 0.2043 0.0024 0.0801 0.0005 0.89 1198 13 1198 9 1204 11 0
43.1 248 96 0.39 55 8.00 1.7898 0.0227 0.1760 0.0020 0.0741 0.0004 0.90 1045 11 1042 8 1044 11 0
44.1 134 57 0.43 48 < 0.001 3.4544 0.0442 0.2694 0.0031 0.0938 0.0005 0.90 1538 16 1517 10 1509 11 −2
45.1 91 67 0.73 31 < 0.001 2.9335 0.0373 0.2370 0.0026 0.0909 0.0005 0.88 1371 14 1391 10 1451 10 5
46.1 29 76 2.60 14 2.34 2.2896 0.0542 0.2088 0.0041 0.0811 0.0014 0.83 1223 22 1209 17 1228 34 0
47.1 139 63 0.45 47 < 0.001 3.4388 0.0421 0.2586 0.0028 0.0959 0.0005 0.90 1483 15 1513 10 1551 10 4
48.1 300 123 0.41 135 0.04 5.2336 0.0648 0.3345 0.0038 0.1142 0.0006 0.90 1860 18 1858 11 1868 9 0
49.1 105 52 0.49 27 1.03 2.1425 0.0278 0.1977 0.0024 0.0787 0.0005 0.90 1163 13 1163 9 1169 12 0
50.1 126 91 0.72 38 < 0.001 2.4353 0.0315 0.2138 0.0024 0.0826 0.0005 0.86 1249 13 1253 9 1266 11 1
50.2 212 104 0.49 57 2.36 2.4819 0.0313 0.2162 0.0024 0.0826 0.0004 0.89 1262 13 1267 9 1265 10 0
51.1 66 58 0.88 31 0.31 4.8963 0.0619 0.3107 0.0034 0.1149 0.0006 0.87 1744 17 1802 11 1880 10 7
Table 8 (continued)
206
206 238 207 235 207 206 206 238 207 235 207 206
M. Babinski et al.
52.1 79 36 0.45 22 1.28 2.3795 0.0418 0.2119 0.0022 0.0813 0.0011 0.58 1239 11 1236 12 1233 27 0
53.1 55 21 0.37 13 < 0.001 2.0350 0.0406 0.1912 0.0025 0.0774 0.0010 0.66 1128 14 1127 13 1133 27 0
54.1 34 31 0.91 12 < 0.001 2.6908 0.0635 0.2328 0.0033 0.0861 0.0019 0.60 1349 17 1326 17 1346 41 0
55.1 158 54 0.34 59 < 0.001 3.8951 0.0757 0.2851 0.0034 0.0992 0.0013 0.61 1617 17 1613 16 1614 23 0
56.1 74 62 0.84 22 0.79 2.2292 0.0424 0.2032 0.0018 0.0798 0.0011 0.46 1192 10 1190 13 1196 28 0
57.1 89 70 0.79 45 0.48 5.2034 0.0879 0.3334 0.0027 0.1139 0.0015 0.48 1855 13 1853 14 1864 23 0
58.1 74 49 0.67 22 < 0.001 2.3197 0.0419 0.2090 0.0020 0.0808 0.0011 0.53 1224 11 1218 13 1221 27 0
59.1 115 58 0.51 48 < 0.001 4.9081 0.0915 0.3227 0.0031 0.1104 0.0014 0.52 1803 15 1804 16 1808 23 0
60.1 93 36 0.38 32 0.03 3.4326 0.0590 0.2576 0.0022 0.0956 0.0012 0.49 1478 11 1512 13 1546 24 4
62.1 142 66 0.47 43 0.11 2.7556 0.0465 0.2290 0.0019 0.0881 0.0011 0.48 1329 10 1344 13 1390 25 4
63.1 102 53 0.51 36 0.96 3.4185 0.0604 0.2672 0.0025 0.0944 0.0012 0.52 1526 12 1509 14 1523 25 0
64.1 194 94 0.48 74 < 0.001 3.3855 0.0643 0.2725 0.0027 0.0956 0.0012 0.52 1554 14 1501 15 1546 24 0
65.1 101 94 0.93 49 < 0.001 5.0873 0.0891 0.3197 0.0045 0.1156 0.0013 0.81 1788 22 1834 15 1890 20 5
66.1 30 28 0.94 9 < 0.001 2.3321 0.0437 0.2080 0.0034 0.0806 0.0011 0.87 1218 18 1222 13 1217 26 0
67.1 96 54 0.56 26 0.73 2.1777 0.0403 0.2002 0.0029 0.0797 0.0010 0.78 1176 15 1174 13 1194 25 1
68.1 78 56 0.72 28 2.15 2.8054 0.0583 0.2366 0.0044 0.0871 0.0012 0.90 1369 23 1357 15 1369 27 0
69.1 284 158 0.56 67 < 0.001 1.8570 0.0332 0.1798 0.0026 0.0750 0.0009 0.82 1066 14 1066 12 1069 24 0
70.1 10 7 0.67 4 233.24 3.2284 0.0809 0.2569 0.0056 0.0918 0.0014 0.87 1474 29 1464 19 1470 29 0
71.1 156 148 0.95 65 < 0.001 3.4763 0.0648 0.2668 0.0040 0.0946 0.0011 0.80 1524 20 1522 15 1526 23 0
72.1 69 45 0.66 19 0.69 2.1523 0.0424 0.1944 0.0029 0.0799 0.0010 0.75 1145 16 1166 14 1198 26 4
73.1 54 25 0.46 14 1.06 2.1473 0.0417 0.1998 0.0030 0.0789 0.0010 0.77 1174 16 1164 13 1172 25 0
74.1 37 57 1.54 22 0.13 5.5954 0.1028 0.3547 0.0054 0.1157 0.0014 0.82 1957 26 1915 16 1891 21 −3
75.1 99 79 0.80 30 0.19 2.4353 0.0439 0.2097 0.0030 0.0839 0.0010 0.80 1227 16 1253 13 1295 23 5
76.1 137 138 1.00 55 < 0.001 3.6354 0.0721 0.2749 0.0044 0.0967 0.0011 0.81 1566 22 1557 16 1566 22 0
25
77.1 48 21 0.44 9 1.80 1.3625 0.0281 0.1470 0.0026 0.0685 0.0011 0.85 884 14 873 12 880 32 0
78.1 28 19 0.66 8 < 0.001 2.1494 0.0327 0.2017 0.0020 0.0793 0.0009 0.65 1185 11 1165 10 1184 24 0
79.1 148 58 0.39 42 < 0.001 2.4631 0.0265 0.2094 0.0014 0.0845 0.0005 0.61 1226 7 1261 8 1309 12 6
80.1 166 81 0.49 49 0.47 2.5414 0.0227 0.2213 0.0012 0.0839 0.0004 0.60 1289 6 1284 6 1295 9 0
81.1 74 36 0.49 30 < 0.001 4.2340 0.0505 0.2994 0.0028 0.1032 0.0006 0.79 1689 14 1681 10 1687 10 0
82.1 70 48 0.68 23 2.33 2.8077 0.0289 0.2369 0.0016 0.0874 0.0006 0.66 1371 8 1358 8 1375 13 0
83.1 119 62 0.52 36 0.26 2.1976 0.0712 0.1994 0.0051 0.0788 0.0007 0.78 1172 27 1180 22 1169 18 0
84.1 111 31 0.28 31 0.36 2.6845 0.0241 0.2289 0.0012 0.0861 0.0004 0.60 1329 6 1324 7 1346 10 1
85.1 46 28 0.61 16 < 0.001 3.1954 0.0363 0.2530 0.0017 0.0908 0.0008 0.59 1454 9 1456 9 1449 16 0
86.1 50 70 1.41 17 < 0.001 2.3917 0.0268 0.2112 0.0018 0.0814 0.0006 0.77 1235 10 1240 8 1235 15 0
87.1 49 48 0.97 16 0.73 2.2105 0.0464 0.1961 0.0046 0.0781 0.0010 0.90 1154 25 1184 15 1152 26 0
87.2 99 80 0.81 32 0.20 2.5748 0.0330 0.2238 0.0021 0.0840 0.0005 0.75 1302 11 1294 9 1298 13 0
88.1 323 221 0.68 100 < 0.001 2.6854 0.0425 0.2270 0.0032 0.0854 0.0004 0.88 1319 17 1324 12 1330 10 1
89.1 179 64 0.36 46 < 0.001 2.2801 0.0189 0.2008 0.0010 0.0825 0.0004 0.61 1180 5 1206 6 1261 10 6
61.1 255 73 0.29 57 4.46 1.9597 0.0488 0.1646 0.0036 0.0829 0.0011 0.89 982 20 1102 17 1272 25 23
Table 9
206
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

1.1 136 100 0.73 50 < 0.001 3.5163 0.0504 0.2640 0.0018 0.0972 0.0007 0.47 1510 9 1531 11 1577 13 4
2.1 164 49 0.30 41 0.03 2.2687 0.0348 0.2019 0.0014 0.0810 0.0006 0.44 1186 7 1203 11 1224 15 3
3.1 206 66 0.32 52 0.33 2.3054 0.0335 0.2070 0.0013 0.0806 0.0006 0.44 1213 7 1214 10 1216 15 0
4.1 79 36 0.45 21 < 0.001 2.3243 0.0384 0.2091 0.0015 0.0810 0.0007 0.45 1224 8 1220 12 1226 18 0
5.1 96 41 0.43 25 < 0.001 2.3410 0.0367 0.2079 0.0014 0.0809 0.0007 0.44 1218 8 1225 11 1223 16 0
6.1 168 19 0.11 37 < 0.001 2.2329 0.0347 0.2037 0.0015 0.0818 0.0006 0.48 1195 8 1191 11 1245 15 4
7.1 85 44 0.52 23 < 0.001 2.3773 0.0420 0.2105 0.0019 0.0810 0.0008 0.52 1232 10 1236 13 1226 19 0
8.1 134 68 0.51 40 0.02 2.6076 0.0595 0.2245 0.0021 0.0846 0.0012 0.42 1306 11 1303 17 1312 27 0
9.1 164 73 0.44 46 < 0.001 2.6888 0.0612 0.2301 0.0025 0.0857 0.0012 0.48 1335 13 1325 17 1336 27 0
10.1 125 68 0.55 31 < 0.001 2.0806 0.0497 0.1879 0.0018 0.0807 0.0012 0.41 1110 10 1142 16 1219 28 9
11.1 81 25 0.31 17 < 0.001 1.6741 0.0568 0.1595 0.0020 0.0708 0.0015 0.38 954 11 999 21 950 43 0
12.1 50 22 0.45 13 0.21 2.1826 0.0545 0.2029 0.0024 0.0797 0.0013 0.48 1191 13 1176 17 1194 32 0
13.1 78 27 0.34 16 0.45 1.7455 0.0438 0.1726 0.0017 0.0733 0.0012 0.38 1027 9 1025 16 1024 34 0
14.1 80 27 0.34 21 < 0.001 2.4205 0.0600 0.2144 0.0023 0.0819 0.0014 0.44 1252 12 1249 18 1246 33 0
15.1 66 22 0.33 16 < 0.001 2.0666 0.0494 0.1920 0.0019 0.0772 0.0012 0.41 1132 10 1138 16 1128 31 0
16.1 149 45 0.30 34 0.37 1.9648 0.0405 0.1867 0.0029 0.0761 0.0008 0.76 1104 16 1104 14 1100 22 0
17.1 56 38 0.68 16 0.37 2.1964 0.0555 0.2013 0.0035 0.0794 0.0013 0.68 1182 19 1180 17 1185 32 0
18.1 133 55 0.41 35 0.97 2.2715 0.0479 0.2060 0.0033 0.0802 0.0009 0.76 1208 18 1203 15 1205 23 0
19.1 199 92 0.46 53 < 0.001 2.2937 0.0460 0.2056 0.0032 0.0804 0.0008 0.78 1205 17 1210 14 1211 20 0
20.1 147 46 0.31 36 1.26 2.1871 0.0469 0.1984 0.0032 0.0786 0.0009 0.75 1166 17 1177 15 1165 23 0
21.1 85 40 0.47 22 0.47 2.1344 0.0451 0.1982 0.0033 0.0787 0.0009 0.78 1165 18 1160 15 1167 23 0
22.1 88 37 0.42 24 < 0.001 2.4321 0.0670 0.2207 0.0068 0.0834 0.0010 0.90 1286 36 1252 20 1283 23 0
23.1 268 85 0.32 72 < 0.001 2.7289 0.0639 0.2298 0.0048 0.0868 0.0011 0.89 1334 25 1336 17 1362 24 2
26
24.1 91 84 0.92 49 < 0.001 5.8239 0.1679 0.3545 0.0085 0.1207 0.0015 0.83 1956 40 1950 25 1965 21 0
25.1 147 76 0.52 33 < 0.001 1.7887 0.0410 0.1787 0.0037 0.0746 0.0007 0.90 1060 20 1041 15 1060 20 0
26.1 121 50 0.41 31 1.77 2.1793 0.0488 0.2012 0.0039 0.0794 0.0008 0.86 1182 21 1174 15 1184 21 0
27.1 82 37 0.45 22 < 0.001 2.3323 0.0557 0.2102 0.0041 0.0813 0.0011 0.82 1230 22 1222 17 1234 27 0
28.1 104 51 0.48 28 0.19 2.3960 0.0527 0.2120 0.0041 0.0814 0.0009 0.87 1240 22 1241 16 1236 21 0
29.1 63 16 0.25 13 0.33 1.6094 0.0261 0.1625 0.0023 0.0714 0.0009 0.88 971 13 974 10 968 26 0
30.1 59 36 0.61 18 < 0.001 2.3561 0.0443 0.2060 0.0031 0.0803 0.0011 0.79 1207 16 1229 13 1209 28 0
31.1 138 108 0.78 32 3.45 1.5622 0.0211 0.1619 0.0022 0.0713 0.0008 0.90 968 12 955 8 964 23 0
32.1 99 44 0.44 26 < 0.001 2.1500 0.0347 0.1916 0.0028 0.0797 0.0009 0.90 1130 15 1165 11 1193 23 5
33.1 68 45 0.66 20 < 0.001 2.3598 0.0383 0.2112 0.0032 0.0812 0.0010 0.90 1235 17 1231 11 1231 25 0
34.1 213 101 0.47 59 < 0.001 2.3119 0.0451 0.2067 0.0039 0.0804 0.0009 0.90 1211 21 1216 14 1211 22 0
35.1 106 64 0.60 23 0.56 1.6486 0.0237 0.1655 0.0025 0.0725 0.0008 0.90 987 14 989 9 1001 22 1
36.1 89 32 0.36 21 < 0.001 1.8377 0.0288 0.1786 0.0024 0.0747 0.0009 0.86 1060 13 1059 10 1062 26 0
37.1 121 54 0.44 31 0.48 2.2787 0.0295 0.2045 0.0027 0.0802 0.0008 0.90 1200 15 1206 9 1205 19 0
38.1 95 40 0.42 28 < 0.001 2.6402 0.0330 0.2225 0.0030 0.0857 0.0008 0.90 1295 16 1312 9 1337 19 3
39.1 256 117 0.46 73 1.22 2.2678 0.0367 0.2058 0.0034 0.0801 0.0008 0.90 1207 18 1202 11 1203 19 0
40.1 60 42 0.70 19 < 0.001 2.8086 0.0397 0.2300 0.0031 0.0871 0.0009 0.90 1334 16 1358 11 1368 20 2
41.1 156 77 0.50 44 < 0.001 2.4422 0.0419 0.2140 0.0039 0.0818 0.0008 0.90 1250 21 1255 12 1245 19 0
42.1 342 144 0.42 125 0.21 3.6763 0.0690 0.2762 0.0049 0.0969 0.0006 0.90 1572 25 1566 15 1571 11 0
43.1 263 99 0.38 67 < 0.001 2.0947 0.0395 0.1951 0.0035 0.0780 0.0005 0.90 1149 19 1147 13 1150 13 0
44.1 76 33 0.43 20 0.31 2.1045 0.0427 0.1948 0.0035 0.0795 0.0006 0.90 1147 19 1150 14 1188 14 3
45.1 56 35 0.61 17 0.04 2.7003 0.0570 0.2290 0.0043 0.0852 0.0008 0.89 1329 22 1329 16 1326 17 0
46.1 30 52 1.76 9 < 0.001 1.5670 0.0386 0.1613 0.0038 0.0713 0.0015 0.90 964 21 957 15 964 44 0
47.1 126 47 0.37 24 0.80 1.4318 0.0296 0.1529 0.0027 0.0698 0.0006 0.86 917 15 902 12 921 19 0
48.1 317 152 0.48 89 < 0.001 2.3556 0.0442 0.2098 0.0037 0.0818 0.0005 0.90 1228 20 1229 13 1245 12 1
49.1 149 93 0.63 33 < 0.001 1.5995 0.0314 0.1614 0.0029 0.0713 0.0005 0.90 965 16 970 12 965 16 0
50.1 111 28 0.25 30 < 0.001 2.5532 0.0655 0.2160 0.0047 0.0827 0.0007 0.85 1261 25 1287 19 1266 16 0
51.1 69 46 0.67 24 0.95 3.0350 0.0588 0.2465 0.0044 0.0895 0.0007 0.90 1421 23 1416 15 1420 16 0
52.1 86 44 0.51 22 0.50 2.0360 0.0395 0.1890 0.0034 0.0777 0.0006 0.90 1116 18 1128 13 1142 15 2
%Disc. represented by samples PO-11, PO-22, PO-39, MT-21, MT-24, MT-25,

MT-30 and MT-31.
−3
26
16
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
9
2
0
0
5.5. Unit 3
±
13
12
14
25
33
11
14
10
10
55
12
12
9
9
9
Pb
5.5.1. Sample PO-27–phyllite

206
A total of 78 zircons were dated and only 3 grains showed dis-

Pb/
1007
2006
1292
1872
1159
1254
1026
1549
1938
1861
1165
1091
1279
1179
1133
cordance greater than 15%. The ages varied between 810 ± 25 Ma and
207
2103 ± 11 Ma and a single grain showed Archean age (Fig. 7). The
most expressive sources have ages of 1013 Ma, 1230 Ma, and 1546 Ma,
±
12
16
11
21
15
11
13
15
17
14
18
11
10
9
9
with an age peak at 1886 Ma also important (Fig. 8).
U
235
5.5.2. Sample MT-33–sandstone

Pb/
1025
1946
1324
1810
1177
1242
1023
1552
1894
1759
1149
1137
1280
1005
964
64 zircons were analysed and only 2 grains exhibited discordance
207
greater than 15%. The ages vary between 917 ± 15 Ma and

±
2006 ± 12 Ma (Fig. 7). The salient age peaks are 1002 Ma, 1219 Ma
17
32
22
33
23
23
23
32
35
31
19
26
23
16
17
and 1571 Ma (Fig. 8).

U
238
Age (Ma)
Pb/
5.6. Unit 4
1039
2009
1290
1769
1153
1251
1024
1553
1932
1685
1138
1089
1282
873
948
206
5.6.1. Sample MT-32–diamictite

0.90
0.90
0.90
0.87
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
This sample corresponds to a diamictite of glacial origin of the

ρ
Engenho Member, intermediate part of the Fm. Acorizal, collected

0.0004
0.0009
0.0006
0.0016
0.0013
0.0005
0.0005
0.0005
0.0006
0.0007
0.0004
0.0021
0.0005
0.0004
0.0005
along the MT-10 (Fig. 5). It presents a dark matrix, with great amount
of pebbles of metabasic rock, gneiss, granite and quartzite. 89 zircon
±
crystals were dated and only one was discordant. The ages varied be-
Pb
tween 884 ± 14 Ma and 1902 ± 9 Ma (Fig. 7). The most expressive

206
sources have ages of 1219 Ma and 1866 Ma (Fig. 8).

0.0728
0.1235
0.0838
0.1144
0.0784
0.0822
0.0734
0.0958
0.1188
0.1137
0.0786
0.0758
0.0832
0.0791
0.0774
Pb/
207
5.6.2. Sample MT-35–diamictite

This glacial diamictite with a highly altered sandy matrix was col-
0.0032
0.0067
0.0043
0.0068
0.0043
0.0044
0.0041
0.0063
0.0073
0.0063
0.0036
0.0048
0.0044
0.0028
0.0030
lected along the MT-10 (Fig. 4). 91 zircon crystals were dated and 3 of
±
them showed discordance greater than 15%. The ages varied between
U
924 ± 8 Ma and 2071 ± 18 Ma. Two crystals of Archean age were

235
found in this sample (Fig. 7). The peak of the most expressive age is
0.1748
0.3656
0.2215
0.3157
0.1959
0.2142
0.1721
0.2724
0.3494
0.2987
0.1931
0.1840
0.2201
0.1450
0.1584
Pb/
1227 Ma, which represents more than 40% of the sample. Less im-
207
portant peaks have ages of 1354 Ma, 1546 Ma and 1870 Ma (Fig. 8).
0.0332
0.1102
0.0384
0.1220
0.0475
0.0363
0.0356
0.0666
0.1076
0.0772
0.0281
0.0533
0.0397
0.0238
0.0273
Radiogenic Ratios
5.7. Unit 5
±
U
5.7.1. Sample PO-11–metarhythmite

238
1.7440
5.7988
2.6853
4.9465
2.1888
2.3983
1.7381
3.6129
5.4549
4.6540
2.1020
2.0637
2.5284
1.5848
1.6918
The sample PO-11 was collected in the Wagner mine (Fig. 4) and is a
Pb/
sandy-pelitic metarythmite, equivalent to the upper part of the Fm.

206
Acorizal. The concentration of zircon grains was low, 37 crystals were

< 0.001
< 0.001
< 0.001
dated and 2 showed discordance greater than 15%. The ages varied
13.80
f206%
between 908 ± 21 Ma and 2253 ± 7 Ma (Fig. 7). The peak of more

0.04
9.00
0.43
1.62
2.52
0.64
0.88
0.02
0.04
2.30
1.74
expressive age is 1242 Ma, with subordinate peaks of 1032 Ma and

1770 Ma (Fig. 8).
Pb* (ppm)
5.7.2. Sample PO-22 - phyllite

124
196
115
122
This sample was collected in the Sergio França mine (Fig. 4) and it is
206
74
47
24
10
47
85
88
51
98
37
8
a sericitic phyllite. 69 zircon crystals were dated and 17 of them showed

Th/U
discordance greater than 15%. The ages varied between 777 ± 16 Ma

0.49
0.22
0.89
1.03
0.69
0.40
0.03
0.69
1.45
0.85
0.26
0.95
0.11
0.31
0.40
and 1878 ± 15 Ma (Fig. 7). The peak of most expressive age is 1227
Ma. Also important peaks have ages of 1530 Ma and 1755 Ma (Fig. 8).
Th (ppm)
152
122
146
528
124
164
5.7.3. Sample PO-39–phyllite

78
47
24
63
11
95
27
50
74
It is a phyllite collected in the Evandro mine (Fig. 4). 74 zircon

U (ppm)
crystals were dated and 3 of them showed discordance greater than

Table 9 (continued)
15%. The ages varied between 922 ± 11 Ma and 2010 ± 11 Ma

313
355
137
161
440
213
363
112
472
466
534
182
45
34
29
(Fig. 7; the two oldest grains are not plotted on the concordia for gra-
phical purposes). Two crystals of Archean ages were found in this
Grain.spot
sample. This sample showed a certain variety of sources. The peak of

58.1 B
53.1
54.1
55.1
56.1
57.1
58.2
58.3
59.1
60.1
61.1
62.1
63.1
64.1
63.2
most expressive age is 1520 Ma. Also important peaks have ages of
1076 Ma, 1214 Ma, 1761 Ma and 2008 Ma (Fig. 8).
27
Table 10
206
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

1.1 112 86 0.77 33 < 0.001 2.3591 0.0231 0.2108 0.0021 0.0806 0.0004 0.90 1233 11 1230 7 1215 11 −1
2.1 65 25 0.38 17 < 0.001 2.3359 0.0280 0.2086 0.0025 0.0811 0.0006 0.90 1222 13 1223 8 1227 14 0
3.1 207 139 0.67 97 < 0.001 5.2944 0.0547 0.3270 0.0034 0.1166 0.0005 0.90 1824 16 1868 9 1905 8 4
4.1 242 81 0.34 59 3.06 2.3711 0.0433 0.2080 0.0035 0.0825 0.0009 0.90 1218 19 1234 13 1261 20 3
5.1 302 45 0.15 77 < 0.001 2.2289 0.0222 0.2022 0.0021 0.0792 0.0004 0.90 1187 11 1190 7 1182 9 0
2.2 254 114 0.45 73 1.45 2.3179 0.0244 0.2082 0.0021 0.0810 0.0004 0.90 1219 11 1218 7 1224 11 0
6.1 116 59 0.51 51 < 0.001 5.2600 0.0526 0.3304 0.0033 0.1141 0.0005 0.90 1840 16 1862 8 1867 8 1
7.1 73 38 0.53 26 < 0.001 3.3155 0.0371 0.2587 0.0026 0.0925 0.0006 0.90 1483 14 1485 9 1484 12 0
8.1 482 138 0.29 129 < 0.001 2.3782 0.0220 0.2109 0.0020 0.0813 0.0003 0.90 1233 11 1236 7 1233 8 0
9.1 77 71 0.93 27 < 0.001 2.8333 0.0303 0.2348 0.0025 0.0865 0.0005 0.90 1359 13 1364 8 1356 11 0
10.1 112 36 0.32 30 0.56 2.3680 0.0366 0.2080 0.0025 0.0808 0.0006 0.79 1218 14 1233 11 1221 16 0
11.1 61 61 1.00 30 2.17 5.1912 0.0616 0.3311 0.0043 0.1128 0.0008 0.90 1843 21 1851 10 1846 12 0
12.1 75 56 0.75 28 < 0.001 3.4306 0.0552 0.2612 0.0035 0.0932 0.0011 0.82 1496 18 1511 13 1497 22 0
13.1 270 132 0.49 74 < 0.001 2.3685 0.0389 0.2088 0.0029 0.0808 0.0009 0.84 1222 15 1233 12 1221 21 0
14.1 179 83 0.46 49 0.73 2.2679 0.0335 0.2050 0.0027 0.0802 0.0009 0.89 1202 14 1202 10 1206 22 0
15.1 148 41 0.27 42 < 0.001 2.3426 0.0369 0.2097 0.0030 0.0808 0.0009 0.90 1227 16 1225 11 1222 23 0
16.1 89 35 0.39 23 < 0.001 2.3428 0.0400 0.2102 0.0032 0.0809 0.0010 0.88 1230 17 1225 12 1224 24 0
17.1 223 119 0.53 62 < 0.001 2.3254 0.0345 0.2078 0.0027 0.0808 0.0009 0.86 1217 14 1220 10 1220 21 0
18.1 158 65 0.41 40 0.31 2.1838 0.0342 0.1997 0.0028 0.0788 0.0009 0.89 1174 15 1176 11 1171 23 0
19.1 99 40 0.40 28 < 0.001 2.5440 0.0379 0.2240 0.0029 0.0825 0.0009 0.87 1303 15 1285 11 1262 22 −3
20.1 64 35 0.54 20 < 0.001 2.7487 0.0457 0.2339 0.0035 0.0868 0.0011 0.89 1355 18 1342 12 1361 25 0
21.1 91 36 0.39 24 < 0.001 2.3052 0.0367 0.2052 0.0027 0.0803 0.0009 0.83 1203 14 1214 11 1207 23 0
22.1 216 87 0.40 59 < 0.001 2.4564 0.0403 0.2143 0.0032 0.0819 0.0009 0.90 1252 17 1259 12 1247 21 0
28
23.1 75 27 0.36 29 < 0.001 4.2241 0.0647 0.2992 0.0039 0.1035 0.0012 0.85 1687 19 1679 12 1693 20 0
24.1 161 56 0.35 68 0.08 5.4842 0.0869 0.3219 0.0042 0.1229 0.0013 0.83 1799 21 1898 14 1997 19 10
25.1 277 75 0.27 113 0.19 3.5855 0.0555 0.2652 0.0045 0.0969 0.0007 0.90 1517 23 1546 12 1570 13 3
26.1 186 62 0.33 67 0.34 3.5457 0.0381 0.2680 0.0035 0.0959 0.0006 0.90 1530 18 1537 8 1552 13 1
27.1 65 63 0.98 21 0.42 2.2492 0.0387 0.2015 0.0028 0.0809 0.0011 0.81 1183 15 1197 12 1222 26 3
28.1 76 42 0.56 22 < 0.001 2.5126 0.1102 0.2235 0.0065 0.0844 0.0027 0.66 1300 34 1276 31 1306 62 0
29.1 77 48 0.63 21 < 0.001 2.2603 0.0316 0.1992 0.0027 0.0827 0.0008 0.90 1171 15 1200 10 1266 19 7
31.1 77 25 0.33 20 < 0.001 2.2917 0.0289 0.2068 0.0029 0.0806 0.0007 0.90 1212 15 1210 9 1216 18 0
32.1 131 60 0.46 56 < 0.001 4.9033 0.0538 0.3226 0.0042 0.1101 0.0008 0.90 1802 21 1803 9 1804 12 0
33.1 15 22 1.48 7 1.31 5.3715 0.0635 0.3375 0.0051 0.1150 0.0009 0.90 1875 25 1880 10 1881 14 0
34.1 114 55 0.48 32 0.51 2.2214 0.0261 0.1993 0.0026 0.0805 0.0008 0.90 1171 14 1188 8 1213 19 3
35.1 79 37 0.46 22 < 0.001 2.3675 0.0298 0.2097 0.0029 0.0811 0.0007 0.90 1227 16 1233 9 1229 16 0
36.1 230 127 0.55 93 0.01 4.0556 0.0515 0.2986 0.0042 0.0984 0.0007 0.90 1684 21 1645 10 1599 13 −5
37.1 146 58 0.40 42 0.18 2.3182 0.0266 0.2099 0.0027 0.0809 0.0006 0.90 1228 15 1218 8 1223 15 0
38.1 205 85 0.41 55 < 0.001 2.3203 0.0456 0.2072 0.0036 0.0813 0.0009 0.88 1214 19 1219 14 1232 22 1
39.1 138 61 0.44 40 < 0.001 2.4963 0.0547 0.2163 0.0045 0.0827 0.0010 0.90 1262 24 1271 16 1267 24 0
40.1 85 38 0.45 20 0.37 1.7452 0.0408 0.1733 0.0033 0.0741 0.0010 0.81 1030 18 1025 15 1045 27 1
41.1 336 133 0.40 92 < 0.001 2.3634 0.0462 0.2083 0.0036 0.0820 0.0009 0.88 1220 19 1232 14 1250 22 2
42.1 74 71 0.97 69 < 0.001 17.7292 0.3475 0.5690 0.0099 0.2266 0.0025 0.89 2904 41 2975 19 3033 17 4
42.2 51 28 0.56 42 0.33 16.5171 0.3266 0.5529 0.0097 0.2162 0.0024 0.88 2837 40 2907 19 2959 18 4
43.1 98 42 0.43 22 < 0.001 1.5411 0.0315 0.1604 0.0029 0.0711 0.0009 0.89 959 16 947 12 960 25 0
44.1 50 17 0.34 15 < 0.001 2.4232 0.0488 0.2154 0.0041 0.0823 0.0011 0.90 1257 22 1250 14 1258 26 0
45.1 216 56 0.26 52 0.09 2.1177 0.0417 0.1919 0.0033 0.0794 0.0009 0.88 1132 18 1155 13 1185 22 4
46.1 37 11 0.29 10 < 0.001 2.4589 0.0526 0.2137 0.0043 0.0818 0.0011 0.90 1249 23 1260 15 1245 27 0
47.1 54 67 1.25 19 < 0.001 2.8412 0.0609 0.2383 0.0045 0.0860 0.0012 0.87 1378 23 1366 16 1345 27 −2
48.1 204 102 0.50 59 < 0.001 2.6784 0.0529 0.2257 0.0040 0.0858 0.0010 0.89 1312 21 1323 15 1339 22 2
49.1 415 67 0.16 103 0.71 2.2932 0.0451 0.2073 0.0036 0.0805 0.0009 0.88 1215 19 1210 14 1214 22 0
50.1 158 73 0.47 80 0.15 6.7375 0.0844 0.3806 0.0036 0.1282 0.0013 0.77 2079 17 2078 11 2071 17 0
51.1 84 32 0.38 22 < 0.001 2.2899 0.0332 0.2051 0.0019 0.0803 0.0010 0.63 1203 10 1209 10 1208 25 0
Table 10 (continued)
206
206 238 207 235 207 206 206 238 207 235 207 206
M. Babinski et al.
52.1 269 52 0.20 63 < 0.001 2.1888 0.0271 0.2008 0.0017 0.0790 0.0008 0.69 1180 9 1177 9 1176 21 0
53.1 73 42 0.58 20 0.18 2.3316 0.0390 0.2096 0.0022 0.0812 0.0011 0.62 1227 12 1222 12 1230 26 0
54.1 184 53 0.29 49 < 0.001 2.4483 0.0333 0.2153 0.0030 0.0824 0.0009 0.90 1257 16 1257 10 1260 22 0
55.1 148 32 0.22 43 < 0.001 2.8675 0.0338 0.2370 0.0020 0.0875 0.0009 0.70 1371 10 1373 9 1377 19 0
55.2 163 153 0.94 77 1.23 5.0034 0.0632 0.3265 0.0030 0.1110 0.0011 0.73 1821 15 1820 11 1819 18 0
56.1 217 89 0.41 66 < 0.001 2.9541 0.0363 0.2413 0.0021 0.0879 0.0009 0.70 1393 11 1396 9 1387 20 0
56.2 280 69 0.25 73 6.89 2.6804 0.0435 0.2254 0.0031 0.0860 0.0009 0.84 1310 16 1323 12 1344 20 2
57.1 86 56 0.65 24 0.50 2.1775 0.0287 0.2006 0.0018 0.0792 0.0009 0.69 1179 10 1174 9 1181 23 0
58.1 75 67 0.89 21 7.76 1.8742 0.0411 0.1804 0.0019 0.0751 0.0012 0.48 1069 10 1072 14 1071 32 0
59.1 106 17 0.16 31 2.95 2.4211 0.0550 0.2120 0.0040 0.0815 0.0020 0.82 1240 21 1249 16 1237 48 0
60.1 221 93 0.42 43 2.08 1.4843 0.0203 0.1542 0.0014 0.0700 0.0008 0.64 924 8 924 8 928 24 0
61.1 55 26 0.48 14 1.21 2.2604 0.0370 0.2041 0.0021 0.0798 0.0007 0.62 1197 11 1200 11 1197 19 0
62.1 144 179 1.24 49 3.13 2.5702 0.0367 0.2188 0.0020 0.0844 0.0006 0.64 1275 11 1292 10 1307 15 2
63.1 111 55 0.50 29 5.82 2.1513 0.0285 0.1973 0.0019 0.0796 0.0005 0.72 1161 10 1165 9 1189 14 2
65.1 135 127 0.94 53 0.02 3.5221 0.0442 0.2685 0.0025 0.0953 0.0007 0.75 1533 13 1532 10 1539 14 0
66.1 74 71 0.96 25 0.42 2.7002 0.0411 0.2314 0.0026 0.0859 0.0008 0.73 1342 14 1329 11 1340 18 0
67.1 128 135 1.05 52 1.76 3.6708 0.0497 0.2778 0.0026 0.0974 0.0007 0.69 1580 13 1565 11 1581 13 0
68.1 240 65 0.27 60 < 0.001 2.2639 0.0279 0.2002 0.0018 0.0818 0.0005 0.72 1177 10 1201 9 1244 13 5
69.1 80 8 0.11 17 < 0.001 1.9240 0.0263 0.1848 0.0019 0.0757 0.0007 0.77 1093 11 1089 9 1090 19 0
70.1 128 71 0.55 36 < 0.001 2.3613 0.0300 0.2118 0.0019 0.0817 0.0006 0.71 1239 10 1231 9 1242 14 0
71.1 127 78 0.62 34 1.08 2.1975 0.0283 0.1969 0.0018 0.0807 0.0006 0.70 1159 10 1180 9 1219 15 5
72.1 110 56 0.51 28 1.07 2.0095 0.0284 0.1878 0.0018 0.0765 0.0006 0.69 1109 10 1119 10 1110 16 0
73.1 207 94 0.45 56 < 0.001 2.3206 0.0294 0.2033 0.0018 0.0819 0.0005 0.71 1193 10 1219 9 1248 13 4
74.1 251 79 0.32 60 0.06 2.1153 0.0214 0.1965 0.0011 0.0784 0.0005 0.54 1157 6 1154 7 1160 13 0
29
75.1 87 14 0.17 20 < 0.001 2.1945 0.0301 0.2058 0.0018 0.0774 0.0007 0.65 1206 10 1179 10 1134 19 −6
76.1 104 40 0.39 38 0.53 3.5629 0.0430 0.2719 0.0022 0.0955 0.0008 0.68 1551 11 1541 10 1545 15 0
77.1 65 32 0.49 14 < 0.001 1.6352 0.0220 0.1686 0.0015 0.0719 0.0008 0.66 1005 8 984 8 983 23 −2
78.1 59 22 0.38 14 0.63 2.1752 0.0383 0.1950 0.0020 0.0779 0.0010 0.57 1148 11 1173 12 1148 27 0
79.1 316 101 0.32 107 < 0.001 3.6173 0.0359 0.2719 0.0015 0.0961 0.0006 0.55 1551 7 1553 8 1556 12 0
80.1 149 51 0.34 42 0.16 2.8032 0.0281 0.2332 0.0014 0.0864 0.0006 0.61 1351 7 1356 7 1352 13 0
81.1 70 53 0.75 33 0.31 5.4757 0.0584 0.3472 0.0023 0.1147 0.0008 0.61 1921 11 1897 9 1876 13 −2
82.1 63 65 1.03 20 < 0.001 2.4068 0.0283 0.2096 0.0018 0.0811 0.0007 0.73 1227 10 1245 8 1229 18 0
83.1 41 21 0.51 9 < 0.001 1.6926 0.0312 0.1684 0.0030 0.0713 0.0010 0.90 1003 16 1006 12 966 29 −4
84.1 131 38 0.29 59 0.12 5.7547 0.0727 0.3653 0.0033 0.1149 0.0009 0.71 2007 15 1940 11 1879 13 −7
85.1 75 20 0.26 20 0.99 2.2940 0.0279 0.2080 0.0015 0.0805 0.0007 0.60 1218 8 1210 9 1213 17 0
86.1 149 84 0.56 46 < 0.001 2.9191 0.0332 0.2380 0.0015 0.0896 0.0006 0.56 1376 8 1387 9 1424 13 3
11.2 809 359 0.44 87 41.24 1.0401 0.0120 0.0941 0.0010 0.0798 0.0005 0.90 580 6 724 6 1195 13 51
30.1 733 779 1.06 113 34.94 0.7694 0.0583 0.0700 0.0046 0.0812 0.0007 0.87 436 28 579 33 1230 16 65
64.1 647 106 0.16 104 5.65 1.3446 0.0236 0.1308 0.0018 0.0736 0.0006 0.77 792 10 865 10 1032 16 23
M. Babinski et al.
Table 11
LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon isotopic data for sample PO-11.
206
206 207 207 206 207 207

1.1 – – – – – 2.7219 0.0735 0.2351 0.0060 0.0866 0.0007 0.9481 1361 31 1334 20 1358 15 0
2.1 – – – – – 1.4210 0.0414 0.1499 0.0038 0.0694 0.0010 0.8766 900 21 898 17 908 29 1
3.1 – – – – – 1.7780 0.0474 0.1767 0.0045 0.0736 0.0005 0.9445 1049 24 1037 17 1032 15 −2
4.1 – – – – – 2.2851 0.0619 0.2050 0.0052 0.0812 0.0007 0.9294 1202 28 1208 19 1231 17 2
5.1 – – – – – 2.2879 0.0629 0.2045 0.0052 0.0819 0.0008 0.9235 1199 28 1209 19 1248 18 4
6.1 – – – – – 2.3387 0.0625 0.2106 0.0053 0.0819 0.0006 0.9440 1232 28 1224 19 1248 16 1
7.1 – – – – – 2.1284 0.0568 0.1991 0.0050 0.0784 0.0006 0.9432 1170 27 1158 18 1161 15 −1
8.1 – – – – – 2.0459 0.0541 0.1914 0.0048 0.0780 0.0006 0.9428 1129 26 1131 18 1150 15 2
9.1 – – – – – 4.1324 0.1087 0.2926 0.0073 0.1033 0.0008 0.9449 1655 36 1661 21 1690 14 2
10.1 – – – – – 2.6646 0.0712 0.2308 0.0058 0.0848 0.0007 0.9382 1339 30 1319 20 1315 15 −2
11.1 – – – – – 2.1200 0.0559 0.1967 0.0049 0.0787 0.0006 0.9454 1157 26 1155 18 1168 15 1
12.1 – – – – – 3.0713 0.0816 0.2509 0.0062 0.0897 0.0008 0.9343 1443 32 1426 20 1425 16 −1
13.1 – – – – – 2.2577 0.0588 0.2038 0.0050 0.0811 0.0006 0.9439 1196 27 1199 18 1227 15 3
14.1 – – – – – 2.6271 0.0352 0.2167 0.0016 0.0885 0.0009 0.5560 1265 9 1308 10 1399 20 10
15.1 – – – – – 1.9827 0.0276 0.1846 0.0015 0.0783 0.0008 0.5764 1092 8 1110 9 1158 22 6
30
16.1 – – – – – 2.3121 0.0318 0.2075 0.0016 0.0821 0.0009 0.5593 1215 9 1216 10 1253 21 3
17.1 – – – – – 4.1070 0.0598 0.2922 0.0024 0.1036 0.0012 0.5664 1653 12 1656 12 1695 21 2
18.1 – – – – – 2.9302 0.0386 0.2387 0.0018 0.0906 0.0009 0.5807 1380 10 1390 10 1443 20 4
19.1 – – – – – 2.5057 0.0330 0.2188 0.0016 0.0836 0.0009 0.5580 1276 8 1274 9 1288 21 1
20.1 – – – – – 2.2658 0.0296 0.2029 0.0015 0.0818 0.0009 0.5813 1191 8 1202 9 1245 21 4
21.1 – – – – – 2.4688 0.0332 0.2134 0.0017 0.0846 0.0009 0.5810 1247 9 1263 10 1311 21 5
22.1 – – – – – 3.5133 0.0454 0.2712 0.0020 0.0946 0.0010 0.5665 1547 10 1530 10 1527 19 −1
23.1 – – – – – 4.2540 0.0576 0.2938 0.0022 0.1068 0.0011 0.5649 1660 11 1685 11 1749 19 5
24.1 – – – – – 2.5798 0.0340 0.2186 0.0016 0.0865 0.0009 0.5720 1274 9 1295 10 1355 20 6
25.1 – – – – – 2.1430 0.0275 0.1957 0.0014 0.0802 0.0008 0.5709 1152 8 1163 9 1205 21 4
26.1 – – – – – 1.6959 0.0230 0.1644 0.0013 0.0743 0.0008 0.5846 981 7 1007 9 1050 22 7
27.1 – – – – – 2.2990 0.0151 0.2057 0.0017 0.0816 0.0003 0.9900 1206 9 1212 5 1241 7 3
28.1 – – – – – 1.6726 0.0182 0.1669 0.0015 0.0730 0.0006 0.8405 995 8 998 7 1016 16 2
29.1 – – – – – 1.6791 0.0136 0.1678 0.0015 0.0736 0.0004 0.9900 1000 8 1001 5 1032 11 3
43.1 – – – – – 3.1346 0.0294 0.2506 0.0020 0.0915 0.0003 0.8301 1441 10 1441 7 1462 7 1
44.1 – – – – – 2.0457 0.0512 0.1885 0.0037 0.0777 0.0008 0.7864 1113 20 1131 17 1143 22 3
45.1 – – – – – 1.7836 0.0184 0.1746 0.0013 0.0745 0.0004 0.6996 1037 7 1040 7 1055 12 2
46.1 – – – – – 5.1172 0.2302 0.3196 0.0039 0.1242 0.0012 0.2686 1788 19 1839 38 2017 16 11
48.1 – – – – – 7.8001 0.0762 0.3998 0.0030 0.1425 0.0006 0.7560 1691 14 1542 59 1462 108 −16
49.1 – – – – – 3.9819 0.0482 0.2723 0.0025 0.1084 0.0005 0.7652 2168 14 2208 9 2253 7 4
47.1 – – – – – 3.5650 0.2719 0.3000 0.0029 0.0915 0.0054 0.1266 1553 13 1631 10 1776 9 13
50.1 – – – – – 4.4208 0.0743 0.2370 0.0030 0.1276 0.0013 0.7626 1371 16 1716 14 2062 17 34
Table 12
206
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

1.1 – – – – – 1.7113 0.0079 0.1690 0.0009 0.0744 0.0005 0.99 1007 5 1013 3 1053 12 4
2.1 – – – – – 1.5688 0.0045 0.1615 0.0006 0.0711 0.0004 0.99 965 3 958 2 958 10 −1
3.1 – – – – – 1.9813 0.0174 0.1842 0.0012 0.0803 0.0005 0.74 1090 7 1109 6 1209 12 10
4.1 – – – – – 2.0600 0.0113 0.1900 0.0010 0.0796 0.0004 0.95 1121 5 1136 4 1190 11 6
5.1 – – – – – 2.0756 0.0067 0.1935 0.0008 0.0789 0.0004 0.99 1140 4 1141 2 1172 10 3
6.1 – – – – – 1.5184 0.0051 0.1571 0.0006 0.0709 0.0004 0.99 940 4 938 2 953 11 1
6.2 – – – – – 1.4875 0.0052 0.1548 0.0007 0.0703 0.0004 0.99 928 4 925 2 936 11 1
7.1 – – – – – 2.1749 0.0197 0.1940 0.0016 0.0806 0.0004 0.91 1143 9 1173 6 1216 11 6
8.1 – – – – – 2.6056 0.0121 0.2252 0.0013 0.0847 0.0004 0.99 1309 7 1302 3 1313 10 0
9.1 – – – – – 2.3446 0.0072 0.2102 0.0008 0.0814 0.0004 0.99 1230 4 1226 2 1236 10 0
10.1 – – – – – 4.5774 0.0183 0.3275 0.0017 0.1020 0.0006 0.99 1826 8 1745 3 1665 10 −10
12.2 – – – – – 3.5734 0.0521 0.2735 0.0031 0.0958 0.0003 0.79 1559 16 1544 11 1550 6 −1
11.2 – – – – – 1.8291 0.0271 0.1728 0.0021 0.0775 0.0003 0.81 1027 11 1056 10 1135 7 10
10.1 – – – – – 4.1724 0.0622 0.2906 0.0034 0.1043 0.0004 0.78 1645 17 1669 12 1707 7 4
14.1 – – – – – 2.8896 0.0431 0.2494 0.0029 0.0841 0.0003 0.79 1435 15 1379 11 1300 7 −10
15.1 – – – – – 1.9173 0.0758 0.1735 0.0077 0.0807 0.0008 0.99 1031 42 1087 26 1217 20 15
17.1 – – – – – 2.2258 0.0852 0.2035 0.0088 0.0799 0.0008 0.99 1194 47 1189 26 1199 19 0
18.1 – – – – – 2.6316 0.1003 0.2267 0.0098 0.0852 0.0008 0.99 1317 51 1310 28 1325 19 1
19.1 – – – – – 2.3056 0.0910 0.2106 0.0091 0.0802 0.0010 0.99 1232 49 1214 28 1206 24 −2
20.1 – – – – – 2.3664 0.0894 0.2119 0.0091 0.0819 0.0008 0.99 1239 48 1233 27 1247 19 1
21.1 – – – – – 2.3554 0.0889 0.2113 0.0090 0.0814 0.0008 0.99 1236 48 1229 27 1236 20 0
22.1 – – – – – 2.3166 0.0872 0.2077 0.0088 0.0809 0.0008 0.99 1217 47 1217 26 1223 20 1
23.1 – – – – – 1.5259 0.0575 0.1594 0.0067 0.0693 0.0008 0.99 953 37 941 23 905 23 −5
31
24.1 – – – – – 1.7734 0.0661 0.1766 0.0074 0.0735 0.0007 0.99 1048 40 1036 24 1029 20 −2
25.1 – – – – – 4.2064 0.1566 0.2928 0.0123 0.1056 0.0010 0.99 1656 61 1675 30 1729 17 4
26.1 – – – – – 2.6093 0.0963 0.2227 0.0093 0.0855 0.0008 0.99 1296 49 1303 27 1333 19 3
27.1 – – – – – 1.5366 0.0565 0.1588 0.0066 0.0702 0.0007 0.99 950 36 945 22 931 20 −2
28.1 – – – – – 1.9299 0.0173 0.1838 0.0017 0.0775 0.0005 0.99 1088 9 1092 6 1136 14 4
29.1 – – – – – 2.2718 0.0153 0.2049 0.0017 0.0816 0.0005 0.99 1202 9 1204 5 1240 13 3
30.1 – – – – – 2.6781 0.0286 0.2242 0.0025 0.0865 0.0006 0.99 1304 13 1322 8 1354 14 4
31.1 – – – – – 1.7188 0.0117 0.1696 0.0014 0.0744 0.0005 0.99 1010 8 1016 4 1053 14 4
32.1 – – – – – 2.9215 0.0252 0.2490 0.0023 0.0858 0.0006 0.99 1433 12 1387 7 1340 14 −7
33.1 – – – – – 5.3662 0.0379 0.3436 0.0030 0.1147 0.0008 0.99 1904 14 1879 6 1877 12 −1
34.1 – – – – – 3.5125 0.0243 0.2670 0.0022 0.0966 0.0006 0.99 1525 11 1530 5 1565 12 2
35.1 – – – – – 1.5946 0.0175 0.1586 0.0017 0.0750 0.0006 0.97 949 9 968 7 1070 17 11
36.1 – – – – – 2.0562 0.0197 0.1879 0.0018 0.0800 0.0006 0.98 1110 10 1134 7 1202 15 8
37.1 – – – – – 2.2991 0.0153 0.2066 0.0017 0.0822 0.0005 0.99 1210 9 1212 5 1255 13 4
38.1 – – – – – 2.6794 0.0188 0.2250 0.0018 0.0875 0.0006 0.99 1308 10 1323 5 1376 13 5
39.1 – – – – – 2.2930 0.0166 0.2093 0.0019 0.0810 0.0006 0.99 1225 10 1210 5 1226 14 0
40.1 – – – – – 2.7779 0.0185 0.2305 0.0019 0.0883 0.0006 0.99 1337 10 1350 5 1396 13 4
41.1 – – – – – 2.1585 0.0599 0.2032 0.0065 0.0786 0.0007 0.99 1193 35 1168 19 1166 17 −2
42.1 – – – – – 2.3211 0.0652 0.2054 0.0065 0.0828 0.0007 0.99 1204 35 1219 20 1268 17 5
43.1 – – – – – 2.3435 0.0650 0.2112 0.0067 0.0817 0.0007 0.99 1235 36 1226 20 1242 16 1
44.1 – – – – – 2.1895 0.0593 0.2008 0.0063 0.0803 0.0006 0.99 1180 34 1178 19 1207 15 2
45.1 – – – – – 2.4390 0.0661 0.2199 0.0069 0.0818 0.0006 0.99 1281 37 1254 19 1246 15 −3
46.1 – – – – – 2.3418 0.0635 0.2131 0.0067 0.0808 0.0006 0.99 1245 36 1225 19 1220 16 −2
47.1 – – – – – 4.4522 0.1211 0.3143 0.0099 0.1044 0.0008 0.99 1762 48 1722 22 1707 14 −3
48.1 – – – – – 1.7383 0.0467 0.1746 0.0055 0.0734 0.0006 0.99 1038 30 1023 17 1026 16 −1
48.2 – – – – – 1.7341 0.0466 0.1726 0.0054 0.0741 0.0006 0.99 1026 30 1021 17 1045 16 2
49.1 – – – – – 2.1620 0.0583 0.2003 0.0062 0.0797 0.0007 0.99 1177 33 1169 19 1194 17 1
50.1 – – – – – 2.5486 0.0685 0.2190 0.0068 0.0861 0.0007 0.99 1277 36 1286 19 1345 15 5
51.1 – – – – – 2.1181 0.0579 0.1933 0.0061 0.0799 0.0006 0.99 1139 33 1155 19 1197 16 5
206
206 238 207 235 207 206 206 238 207 235 207 206
M. Babinski et al.
53.1 – – – – – 2.2154 0.0229 0.2033 0.0020 0.0790 0.0004 0.94 1193 11 1186 7 1174 10 −2
54.1 – – – – – 2.2133 0.0124 0.2048 0.0011 0.0792 0.0004 0.94 1201 6 1185 4 1180 9 −2
55.1 – – – – – 1.7940 0.0114 0.1812 0.0011 0.0733 0.0003 0.97 1073 6 1043 4 1023 8 −5
56.1 – – – – – 3.5013 0.0265 0.2671 0.0017 0.0967 0.0004 0.85 1526 9 1528 6 1567 8 3
57.1 – – – – – 2.9406 0.0154 0.2440 0.0014 0.0887 0.0004 0.99 1408 7 1392 4 1404 9 0
58.1 – – – – – 2.0627 0.0270 0.1944 0.0024 0.0780 0.0009 0.94 1145 13 1137 9 1149 22 0
59.1 – – – – – 2.1029 0.0132 0.1959 0.0012 0.0794 0.0003 0.95 1153 6 1150 4 1185 8 3
60.1 – – – – – 2.2619 0.0132 0.2014 0.0011 0.0828 0.0003 0.97 1183 6 1201 4 1269 8 7
61.1 – – – – – 2.3247 0.0109 0.2079 0.0011 0.0819 0.0003 0.99 1218 6 1220 3 1249 7 2
62.1 – – – – – 2.2789 0.0117 0.2023 0.0011 0.0825 0.0003 0.99 1188 6 1206 4 1263 7 6
63.1 – – – – – 1.9679 0.0164 0.1910 0.0015 0.0761 0.0008 0.92 1127 8 1105 6 1101 20 −2
64.1 – – – – – 1.7923 0.0129 0.1734 0.0011 0.0763 0.0003 0.91 1031 6 1043 5 1105 9 7
65.1 – – – – – 1.6557 0.0138 0.1655 0.0014 0.0733 0.0003 0.99 987 8 992 5 1023 9 3
66.1 – – – – – 2.1346 0.0235 0.1928 0.0021 0.0810 0.0005 0.97 1137 11 1160 8 1226 12 7
68.1 – – – – – 2.4190 0.0252 0.2174 0.0021 0.0798 0.0005 0.91 1268 11 1248 7 1196 12 −6
69.1 – – – – – 3.5231 0.0313 0.2678 0.0025 0.0952 0.0005 0.99 1530 12 1532 7 1538 9 1
70.1 – – – – – 1.8636 0.0165 0.1784 0.0017 0.0756 0.0004 0.99 1058 9 1068 6 1086 11 3
71.1 – – – – – 2.0781 0.0215 0.1903 0.0021 0.0792 0.0005 0.99 1123 11 1142 7 1181 12 5
72.1 – – – – – 1.5483 0.0146 0.1625 0.0015 0.0697 0.0004 0.99 971 9 950 6 918 13 −6
73.1 – – – – – 2.3621 0.0211 0.2078 0.0020 0.0824 0.0004 0.99 1217 11 1231 6 1260 10 3
74.1 – – – – – 2.5643 0.0329 0.2182 0.0025 0.0840 0.0005 0.89 1272 13 1291 9 1297 13 2
75.1 – – – – – 2.3297 0.0226 0.2073 0.0021 0.0812 0.0004 0.99 1214 11 1221 7 1231 10 1
76.1 – – – – – 2.0923 0.0280 0.1897 0.0022 0.0813 0.0007 0.87 1120 12 1146 9 1232 17 9
77.1 – – – – – 1.5172 0.0159 0.1573 0.0015 0.0697 0.0006 0.93 942 8 937 6 919 18 −2
32
78.1 – – – – – 2.0550 0.0260 0.1764 0.0020 0.0846 0.0005 0.91 1047 11 1134 9 1311 11 20
11.1 – – – – – 1.9589 0.0106 0.2041 0.0012 0.0706 0.0005 0.99 1197 7 1102 4 945 14 −27
12.1 – – – – – 3.3389 0.0138 0.2903 0.0015 0.0841 0.0006 0.99 1643 8 1490 3 1300 14 −26
13.1 – – – – – 1.3323 0.0198 0.1358 0.0016 0.0719 0.0003 0.79 821 9 860 9 983 8 17
16.1 – – – – – 1.9661 0.0766 0.1733 0.0076 0.0819 0.0008 0.99 1030 42 1104 26 1247 20 17
52.1 – – – – – 1.7421 0.0493 0.1593 0.0051 0.0785 0.0007 0.99 953 28 1024 18 1162 18 18
67.1 – – – – – 2.4523 0.0332 0.1996 0.0022 0.0912 0.0008 0.80 1173 12 1258 10 1457 17 19
Table 13
206
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

1.1 – – – – – 4.5361 0.0198 0.3088 0.0014 0.1072 0.0004 0.99 1735 7 1738 4 1756 7 1
2.1 – – – – – 3.3737 0.0160 0.2585 0.0012 0.0948 0.0004 0.95 1482 6 1498 4 1531 8 3
2.2 – – – – – 1.4508 0.0195 0.1535 0.0012 0.0711 0.0004 0.58 921 7 910 8 960 12 4
3.1 – – – – – 2.2767 0.0110 0.2052 0.0010 0.0810 0.0004 0.98 1203 5 1205 3 1225 9 2
4.1 – – – – – 2.4498 0.0183 0.2131 0.0016 0.0839 0.0004 0.98 1245 8 1257 5 1294 10 4
5.1 – – – – – 2.0810 0.0124 0.1891 0.0012 0.0800 0.0005 0.99 1116 7 1143 4 1201 13 7
6.1 – – – – – 2.6063 0.0149 0.2182 0.0014 0.0873 0.0005 0.99 1272 7 1302 4 1373 10 7
7.1 – – – – – 3.5296 0.0168 0.2714 0.0013 0.0951 0.0004 0.99 1548 7 1534 4 1535 8 −1
8.1 – – – – – 2.1350 0.0137 0.1923 0.0011 0.0811 0.0004 0.85 1134 6 1160 4 1229 9 8
9.1 – – – – – 3.3091 0.0151 0.2576 0.0012 0.0934 0.0004 1.00 1478 6 1483 4 1501 8 2
10.1 – – – – – 3.3183 0.0206 0.2570 0.0014 0.0941 0.0004 0.89 1475 7 1485 5 1516 8 3
11.1 – – – – – 3.2998 0.0183 0.2584 0.0013 0.0933 0.0004 0.94 1482 7 1481 4 1499 8 1
12.1 – – – – – 2.9854 0.0147 0.2430 0.0015 0.0904 0.0005 0.99 1402 8 1404 4 1441 10 3
13.1 – – – – – 1.5852 0.0237 0.1599 0.0030 0.0721 0.0006 0.99 956 17 964 9 988 18 3
14.1 – – – – – 2.8779 0.0458 0.2331 0.0044 0.0906 0.0008 0.99 1351 23 1376 12 1444 16 6
15.1 – – – – – 2.1435 0.0302 0.1969 0.0036 0.0789 0.0006 0.99 1159 20 1163 10 1174 15 1
16.1 – – – – – 1.5000 0.0211 0.1545 0.0029 0.0704 0.0005 0.99 926 16 930 9 940 15 1
16.2 – – – – – 1.0993 0.0271 0.1142 0.0026 0.0700 0.0006 0.94 697 15 753 13 928 18 25
17.1 – – – – – 2.7687 0.0670 0.2280 0.0051 0.0882 0.0008 0.93 1324 27 1347 18 1393 17 5
18.1 – – – – – 1.8223 0.0442 0.1758 0.0039 0.0755 0.0007 0.93 1044 22 1054 16 1084 18 4
19.1 – – – – – 5.2519 0.1257 0.3325 0.0074 0.1148 0.0010 0.93 1850 36 1861 20 1878 15 1
20.1 – – – – – 3.5170 0.0855 0.2670 0.0061 0.0962 0.0008 0.94 1525 31 1531 19 1558 16 2
21.1 – – – – – 2.3409 0.0567 0.2076 0.0047 0.0815 0.0007 0.93 1216 25 1225 17 1238 17 2
33
22.1 – – – – – 4.4762 0.1071 0.3027 0.0067 0.1075 0.0009 0.93 1705 33 1727 20 1761 16 3
23.1 – – – – – 2.6703 0.0639 0.2265 0.0050 0.0856 0.0008 0.93 1316 26 1320 18 1335 18 1
24.1 – – – – – 3.5008 0.0832 0.2668 0.0059 0.0958 0.0008 0.93 1524 30 1527 19 1550 16 2
25.1 – – – – – 3.5256 0.0835 0.2759 0.0061 0.0934 0.0008 0.94 1571 31 1533 19 1503 16 −5
26.1 – – – – – 3.6209 0.0864 0.2624 0.0058 0.1018 0.0008 0.93 1502 30 1554 19 1662 15 10
27.1 – – – – – 2.0177 0.0502 0.1686 0.0039 0.0866 0.0007 0.92 1004 21 1121 17 1358 16 26
28.1 – – – – – 1.1501 0.0276 0.1281 0.0028 0.0653 0.0006 0.92 777 16 777 13 779 21 0
29.1 – – – – – 2.0421 0.0199 0.1893 0.0010 0.0783 0.0006 0.53 1118 5 1130 7 1158 14 3
30.1 – – – – – 4.0737 0.0759 0.2587 0.0039 0.1153 0.0007 0.81 1483 20 1649 15 1886 11 21
31.1 – – – – – 3.1447 0.0271 0.2541 0.0013 0.0905 0.0005 0.59 1460 7 1444 7 1442 9 −1
32.1 – – – – – 1.8616 0.0291 0.1555 0.0019 0.0880 0.0005 0.76 932 10 1068 10 1389 12 33
33.1 – – – – – 2.2050 0.0198 0.2024 0.0011 0.0798 0.0004 0.60 1188 6 1183 6 1195 10 1
34.1 – – – – – 2.5348 0.0223 0.2193 0.0011 0.0841 0.0005 0.56 1278 6 1282 6 1301 11 2
35.1 – – – – – 2.6899 0.0352 0.2232 0.0021 0.0877 0.0007 0.71 1299 11 1326 10 1382 15 6
36.1 – – – – – 4.5726 0.0394 0.3124 0.0015 0.1074 0.0006 0.54 1753 7 1744 7 1759 9 0
37.1 – – – – – 2.3782 0.0257 0.1985 0.0017 0.0895 0.0005 0.81 1167 9 1236 8 1420 11 18
38.1 – – – – – 2.3313 0.0199 0.2093 0.0010 0.0814 0.0004 0.54 1225 5 1222 6 1235 10 1
39.1 – – – – – 1.6621 0.0175 0.1527 0.0011 0.0801 0.0004 0.68 916 6 994 7 1202 10 24
40.1 – – – – – 2.9765 0.0261 0.2458 0.0012 0.0887 0.0005 0.56 1417 6 1402 7 1404 10 −1
41.1 – – – – – 4.2629 0.0393 0.2969 0.0015 0.1054 0.0006 0.56 1676 8 1686 8 1725 10 3
42.1 – – – – – 3.3423 0.0820 0.2379 0.0064 0.1028 0.0008 0.99 1376 33 1491 19 1681 15 18
43.1 – – – – – 3.0692 0.0708 0.2392 0.0063 0.0941 0.0007 0.99 1382 33 1425 18 1516 15 9
44.1 – – – – – 1.9419 0.0444 0.1778 0.0046 0.0801 0.0006 0.99 1055 25 1096 15 1202 15 12
45.1 – – – – – 3.2601 0.0863 0.2340 0.0066 0.1017 0.0010 0.99 1355 34 1472 20 1661 17 18
46.1 – – – – – 2.2664 0.0518 0.2043 0.0053 0.0812 0.0006 0.99 1198 28 1202 16 1230 15 3
47.1 – – – – – 1.7603 0.0410 0.1643 0.0043 0.0783 0.0006 0.99 981 24 1031 15 1157 15 15
48.1 – – – – – 3.3264 0.0808 0.2403 0.0065 0.1020 0.0008 0.99 1388 34 1487 19 1666 14 17
49.1 – – – – – 2.2000 0.0506 0.1979 0.0052 0.0813 0.0006 0.99 1164 28 1181 16 1232 15 6
50.1 – – – – – 1.6005 0.0390 0.1513 0.0041 0.0782 0.0006 0.99 908 23 970 15 1155 17 21
%Disc. 5.7.4. Sample MT-21–phyllite

This phyllite sample was collected in the Tiago mine (Fig. 4) and
12
24
27
12
23
23
35
33
25
4
4
6
9
7
contains well-formed pyrite crystals of 5–10 mm, as well as fine pyrite
disseminated in the matrix. 61 zircon crystals were dated and all are
±
13
15
14
13
12
11
11
13
11
11
11
11
12
11
11
11
13
concordant. The ages varied between 711 ± 11 Ma and 2168 ± 12
Ma, with one crystal of Archean age found in this sample (Fig. 7). The
Pb
206
peak of the most expressive age is 1250 Ma, followed by others with
Pb/
1724
1007
1251
1724
1266
1507
1442
1198
1689
1409
1430
1314
1298
1272
1051
1169
1534
ages of 1056 Ma, 1382 Ma and 1795 Ma (Fig. 8).
207
5.7.5. Sample MT-24–metarhythmite

±
19
14
16
19
13
10
10
8
8
9
8
9
8
9
7
9
9
The sample was collected in the Brazil Mineral Mining, about 15 km
south of Cuiabá. This sample was collected in a sandy layer of a section
U
235
of sandy to pelitic metarhythmites. 87 zircon crystals were dated and all

Pb/
1592
1208
1467
1186
1247
1330
1172
1419
1309
1208
1214
1456
are concordant. The ages ranged from 798 ± 16 Ma and 2185 ± 11
972
979
990
977
962
207
Ma (Fig. 7). The most significant age peak is at 1236 Ma, followed by
the peaks 1115 Ma, 1544 Ma and 1837 Ma (Fig. 8).
±
36
24
29
33
13
10
6
6
6
6
9
6
8
9
4
8
6
U
238
Age (Ma)
This sample was also collected in Brazil Mineral Mining, from the
Pb/
1518
1199
1316
1151
1103
1273
1169
1295
1278
1105
1196
1431
more pelitic layer of a section of sandy-pelitic metarhythmites (Fig. 4).

969
849
872
960
880
206
The objective was to verify the source of change between sandy and
pelitic facies. In this sample 94 zircon grains were dated and only 4
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.46
0.73
0.50
0.43
0.65
0.43
0.69
0.60
0.61
0.64
0.43
0.66
0.39
showed greater than 15% discordance. The ages ranged from 828 ± 14
ρ
Ma and 1977 ± 7 Ma; two crystals with Archean ages were found in
0.0008
0.0005
0.0006
0.0008
0.0005
0.0005
0.0005
0.0005
0.0006
0.0005
0.0005
0.0005
0.0005
0.0005
0.0004
0.0004
0.0006
this sample, one of which is quite discordant (Fig. 7). The most sig-
±
nificant peak age, as in the previous sample is 1236 Ma, followed by

peaks at 1326 Ma, 1498 Ma and 1868 Ma (Fig. 8). Unlike the previous
Pb
sample, the peak at 1110 Ma was not observed.

206
0.1053
0.0727
0.0821
0.1053
0.0827
0.0936
0.0905
0.0799
0.1033
0.0889
0.0899
0.0847
0.0840
0.0829
0.0743
0.0787
0.0950
Pb/

207
This sample is from sandy portion at the top of the Acorizal

Formation metarhythmites, collected along the road MT-10 between
0.0070
0.0043
0.0054
0.0064
0.0010
0.0024
0.0012
0.0011
0.0019
0.0011
0.0016
0.0010
0.0014
0.0017
0.0008
0.0014
0.0011
Acorizal and Rosário (Fig. 4). 77 zircons were dated and only 4 of them
±
showed discordance greater than 15%. The ages ranged from 890 ± 22
Ma and 1872 ± 6 Ma (Fig. 7). The most significant peak age is 1232
U
235
Ma, followed by a smaller peak at 1016 Ma (Fig. 8).

0.2656
0.1621
0.2045
0.2264
0.1956
0.1865
0.2184
0.1988
0.2225
0.2193
0.1870
0.1408
0.1448
0.2039
0.1606
0.1463
0.2485
Pb/
207

This sample is from a more pelitic portion of the metarhythmite MT-
0.0883
0.0372
0.0533
0.0819
0.0256
0.0426
0.0303
0.0277
0.0407
0.0304
0.0289
0.0196
0.0263
0.0308
0.0178
0.0222
0.0373
30 from the top of the Acorizal Formation, collected along the road MT-
Radiogenic Ratios
10 between Acorizal and Rosário (Fig. 4). 65 zircons were dated and all
are less than 15% discordant. The ages ranged between 859 ± 8 Ma
U
238
and 2058 ± 4 Ma (Fig. 7). The most significant age peak is at 1038 Ma,
3.7951
1.6042
2.2857
3.2396
2.2159
2.4149
2.7056
2.1713
3.0453
2.6302
2.2863
1.6230
1.6520
2.3044
1.6166
1.5794
3.1972
Pb/
followed by 1235 Ma (Fig. 8).

206
5.7.9. MT-29 Coxipó Formation – diamictite

f206%
A single sample of this formation was collected from the upper

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
clastic unit of the Cuiabá Group. This diamictite outcrops in the MT-10
Pb* (ppm)
(Fig. 4). 77 zircon grains were dated and only one shows greater than
15% discordance. This sample contains the youngest detrital zircon in
this study. MT-29 contains the two youngest ages of 652 ± 5 Ma and
206
655 ± 8 Ma and the other grains range up to 2197 ± 9 Ma. A single

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
crystal of Archean age was found in this sample (Fig. 7). The main
Th/U
source of sediment has a peak age in 1233 Ma (Fig. 8).

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
6. Discussion
Th (ppm)
6.1. Sm-Nd analyses

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
U (ppm)
Sm-Nd analysis is another useful tool in the age determination and

provenance of these rocks, since the Nd isotope ratios can be used to

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
provide information about the sources of the sedimentary rocks studied

here. The εNd values for the analysed samples range between −15.0
Grain.spot
and −11.7 (Table 1). Fig. 6 shows the εNd evolution for each of the
51.1
52.1
53.1
54.1
55.1
56.1
57.1
58.1
59.1
60.1
61.1
62.1
63.1
64.1
65.1
66.1
67.1
units in the study area. The TDM ages showed a very narrow range,
between 1.6 and 1.8 Ga (Table 1). The low variation of these values
34
Table 14
206
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

1.1 – – – – – 2.7078 0.0379 0.2308 0.0021 0.0860 0.0006 0.65 1339 11 1331 10 1344 13 0
2.1 – – – – – 4.0168 0.0579 0.2884 0.0027 0.1025 0.0007 0.66 1633 14 1638 12 1675 13 2
3.1 – – – – – 6.7785 0.0957 0.3798 0.0036 0.1306 0.0009 0.66 2075 17 2083 12 2103 11 1
4.1 – – – – – 2.4116 0.0446 0.2046 0.0029 0.0869 0.0006 0.77 1200 16 1246 13 1364 14 12
5.1 – – – – – 2.9110 0.0412 0.2426 0.0022 0.0879 0.0006 0.65 1400 12 1385 11 1386 13 −1
6.1 – – – – – 2.8740 0.0400 0.2378 0.0022 0.0884 0.0006 0.65 1375 11 1375 10 1398 13 2
7.1 – – – – – 2.0564 0.0287 0.1941 0.0018 0.0776 0.0005 0.66 1143 10 1134 9 1140 13 0
8.1 – – – – – 2.3686 0.0354 0.2138 0.0022 0.0816 0.0006 0.68 1249 11 1233 11 1239 13 −1
9.1 – – – – – 2.2269 0.0315 0.2017 0.0019 0.0808 0.0005 0.68 1184 10 1190 10 1222 13 3
10.1 – – – – – 2.2140 0.0314 0.2043 0.0019 0.0799 0.0005 0.66 1198 10 1185 10 1198 14 0
11.1 – – – – – 2.7591 0.0388 0.2329 0.0022 0.0865 0.0006 0.66 1350 11 1345 10 1354 13 0
12.1 – – – – – 2.0510 0.0288 0.1914 0.0018 0.0784 0.0005 0.66 1129 10 1133 10 1160 13 3
13.1 – – – – – 3.4631 0.0484 0.2645 0.0024 0.0959 0.0006 0.66 1513 12 1519 11 1551 12 2
14.1 – – – – – 3.2874 0.0392 0.2535 0.0034 0.0943 0.0006 0.99 1456 18 1478 9 1520 11 4
15.1 – – – – – 3.4835 0.0418 0.2676 0.0036 0.0953 0.0005 0.99 1529 18 1523 9 1539 11 1
16.1 – – – – – 4.6399 0.0670 0.3138 0.0049 0.1084 0.0006 0.99 1759 24 1756 12 1775 10 1
17.1 – – – – – 1.6455 0.0197 0.1646 0.0023 0.0730 0.0004 0.99 982 12 988 8 1013 12 3
18.1 – – – – – 3.2035 0.0413 0.2362 0.0033 0.0994 0.0006 0.99 1367 17 1458 10 1618 11 15
19.1 – – – – – 4.9237 0.0579 0.3173 0.0043 0.1137 0.0006 0.99 1776 21 1806 10 1861 10 5
20.1 – – – – – 4.8179 0.0584 0.3153 0.0043 0.1119 0.0007 0.99 1767 21 1788 10 1833 10 4
21.1 – – – – – 2.1899 0.0455 0.1980 0.0039 0.0809 0.0006 0.95 1165 21 1178 14 1224 14 5
22.1 – – – – – 2.3822 0.0351 0.2133 0.0031 0.0831 0.0006 0.98 1247 16 1237 10 1275 15 2
23.1 – – – – – 2.0766 0.0344 0.1856 0.0031 0.0804 0.0006 0.99 1098 17 1141 11 1210 14 9
35
24.1 – – – – – 4.3102 0.0512 0.2933 0.0040 0.1073 0.0006 0.99 1658 20 1695 10 1758 10 6
25.1 – – – – – 3.3711 0.0396 0.2606 0.0035 0.0949 0.0005 0.99 1493 18 1498 9 1532 10 3
26.1 – – – – – 1.0424 0.0179 0.1145 0.0019 0.0662 0.0008 0.99 699 11 725 9 810 25 14
27.1 – – – – – 3.3587 0.0437 0.2548 0.0029 0.0961 0.0005 0.86 1463 15 1495 10 1555 9 6
28.1 – – – – – 1.6541 0.0252 0.1664 0.0021 0.0729 0.0004 0.81 992 11 991 10 1013 13 2
29.1 – – – – – 2.1992 0.0293 0.1947 0.0022 0.0820 0.0004 0.84 1147 12 1181 9 1249 9 8
30.1 – – – – – 2.1756 0.0328 0.1947 0.0025 0.0812 0.0005 0.87 1147 14 1173 10 1230 13 7
31.1 – – – – – 3.4505 0.0428 0.2640 0.0029 0.0957 0.0004 0.87 1510 15 1516 10 1549 8 2
32.1 – – – – – 5.2981 0.0683 0.3357 0.0037 0.1155 0.0005 0.86 1866 18 1869 11 1888 8 1
33.1 – – – – – 2.0637 0.0266 0.1862 0.0021 0.0805 0.0004 0.87 1101 11 1137 9 1213 10 9
34.1 – – – – – 4.7833 0.0904 0.2589 0.0043 0.1400 0.0013 0.89 1484 22 1782 16 2223 16 33
35.1 – – – – – 2.5500 0.0320 0.2209 0.0024 0.0849 0.0004 0.87 1287 13 1286 9 1319 8 2
36.1 – – – – – 3.4600 0.0461 0.2605 0.0030 0.0969 0.0004 0.86 1493 15 1518 10 1570 8 5
37.1 – – – – – 4.3361 0.0561 0.2999 0.0033 0.1063 0.0005 0.84 1691 16 1700 11 1741 9 3
38.1 – – – – – 2.6136 0.0410 0.2321 0.0032 0.0830 0.0004 0.87 1346 17 1304 11 1273 10 −6
39.1 – – – – – 5.2224 0.0972 0.3341 0.0058 0.1145 0.0005 0.93 1858 28 1856 16 1873 8 1
40.1 – – – – – 3.1426 0.0666 0.2467 0.0029 0.0936 0.0007 0.56 1422 15 1443 16 1506 15 6
41.1 – – – – – 3.4712 0.0739 0.2763 0.0035 0.0923 0.0007 0.60 1573 18 1521 17 1479 15 −6
42.1 – – – – – 13.8226 0.2723 0.5023 0.0051 0.2010 0.0016 0.52 2624 22 2738 18 2840 13 8
43.1 – – – – – 2.3417 0.0453 0.2059 0.0019 0.0836 0.0007 0.47 1207 10 1225 14 1289 16 6
44.1 – – – – – 5.8236 0.1090 0.3591 0.0031 0.1196 0.0009 0.45 1978 14 1950 16 1950 13 −1
45.1 – – – – – 2.8847 0.0543 0.2403 0.0021 0.0883 0.0007 0.46 1388 11 1378 14 1395 15 1
46.1 – – – – – 2.0251 0.0491 0.1957 0.0028 0.0795 0.0007 0.59 1152 15 1124 16 1188 17 3
47.1 – – – – – 2.8122 0.0532 0.2312 0.0020 0.0891 0.0007 0.47 1341 11 1359 14 1413 15 5
48.1 – – – – – 1.7934 0.0344 0.1795 0.0018 0.0741 0.0008 0.52 1064 10 1043 12 1045 22 −2
49.1 – – – – – 2.6713 0.0500 0.2257 0.0020 0.0865 0.0007 0.46 1312 10 1321 14 1356 15 3
50.1 – – – – – 1.6965 0.0399 0.1682 0.0026 0.0743 0.0007 0.66 1002 14 1007 15 1051 18 5
51.1 – – – – – 2.4903 0.0508 0.2116 0.0023 0.0863 0.0008 0.52 1237 12 1269 15 1351 17 8
52.1 – – – – – 1.5350 0.0324 0.1545 0.0016 0.0721 0.0008 0.50 926 9 945 13 989 22 6
206
206 238 207 235 207 206 206 238 207 235 207 206
M. Babinski et al.
53.1 – – – – – 2.5968 0.0176 0.2199 0.0006 0.0858 0.0003 0.43 1281 3 1300 5 1340 7 4
54.1 – – – – – 6.3030 0.0396 0.3690 0.0010 0.1250 0.0003 0.44 2025 5 2019 5 2028 5 0
55.1 – – – – – 1.2357 0.0099 0.1305 0.0007 0.0692 0.0002 0.65 790 4 817 4 903 7 12
56.1 – – – – – 3.3959 0.0228 0.2595 0.0009 0.0956 0.0003 0.50 1488 4 1503 5 1545 5 4
57.1 – – – – – 4.8683 0.0362 0.3228 0.0014 0.1102 0.0003 0.57 1803 7 1797 6 1805 5 0
58.1 – – – – – 2.6332 0.0287 0.2124 0.0019 0.0905 0.0003 0.83 1241 10 1310 8 1443 7 14
59.1 – – – – – 4.2667 0.0319 0.2982 0.0010 0.1044 0.0004 0.43 1683 5 1687 6 1708 8 2
60.1 – – – – – 4.4540 0.0298 0.3039 0.0009 0.1073 0.0003 0.46 1710 5 1722 6 1758 5 3
61.1 – – – – – 2.5575 0.0194 0.2222 0.0009 0.0838 0.0003 0.51 1294 5 1289 6 1293 8 0
62.1 – – – – – 4.7937 0.0414 0.3033 0.0019 0.1156 0.0004 0.72 1707 9 1784 7 1890 7 10
63.1 – – – – – 3.9696 0.0503 0.2922 0.0025 0.0994 0.0005 0.68 1653 13 1628 10 1618 9 −2
64.1 – – – – – 3.4478 0.0315 0.2573 0.0018 0.0975 0.0003 0.76 1476 9 1515 7 1582 6 7
65.1 – – – – – 2.3758 0.0153 0.2099 0.0007 0.0827 0.0003 0.50 1228 4 1235 5 1266 8 3
66.1 – – – – – 5.8820 0.0877 0.3538 0.0065 0.1221 0.0005 0.99 1953 31 1959 13 1987 7 2
67.1 – – – – – 3.1453 0.0629 0.2519 0.0052 0.0922 0.0006 0.99 1448 27 1444 15 1479 13 2
68.1 – – – – – 5.0961 0.1276 0.3314 0.0087 0.1149 0.0006 0.99 1845 42 1835 21 1880 9 2
69.1 – – – – – 5.0430 0.0729 0.3237 0.0058 0.1136 0.0005 0.99 1808 28 1827 12 1860 7 3
70.1 – – – – – 2.3278 0.0414 0.1473 0.0028 0.1158 0.0005 0.99 886 16 1221 13 1893 8 53
71.1 – – – – – 1.4903 0.0230 0.1502 0.0028 0.0729 0.0003 0.99 902 16 926 9 1012 7 11
72.1 – – – – – 2.3439 0.0381 0.2095 0.0040 0.0820 0.0004 0.99 1226 22 1226 11 1251 9 2
73.1 – – – – – 1.8577 0.0311 0.1580 0.0031 0.0826 0.0007 0.99 945 17 1066 11 1264 16 25
74.1 – – – – – 4.1813 0.0663 0.2909 0.0054 0.1057 0.0005 0.99 1646 27 1670 13 1731 9 5
75.1 – – – – – 1.7629 0.0260 0.1656 0.0030 0.0781 0.0004 0.99 988 16 1032 10 1152 9 14
76.1 – – – – – 2.2935 0.0369 0.1988 0.0036 0.0839 0.0004 0.99 1169 19 1210 11 1294 10 10
36
77.1 – – – – – 2.2001 0.0309 0.2003 0.0035 0.0812 0.0003 0.99 1177 19 1181 10 1231 7 4
78.1 – – – – – 2.0605 0.0350 0.1828 0.0038 0.0830 0.0003 0.99 1082 21 1136 12 1275 8 15
Table 15
206
M. Babinski et al.
206 207 207 206 207 207

1.1 – – – – – 3.5377 0.0258 0.2662 0.0016 0.0962 0.0007 0.80 1521 8 1536 6 1557 13 2
2.1 – – – – – 3.3848 0.0240 0.2624 0.0015 0.0938 0.0006 0.82 1502 8 1501 6 1510 13 1
3.1 – – – – – 3.4936 0.0235 0.2641 0.0015 0.0964 0.0006 0.86 1511 8 1526 5 1561 12 3
4.1 – – – – – 4.7130 0.0348 0.3131 0.0019 0.1101 0.0008 0.82 1756 9 1770 6 1804 13 3
5.1 – – – – – 2.3460 0.0181 0.2040 0.0013 0.0838 0.0006 0.80 1197 7 1226 5 1293 14 7
6.1 – – – – – 2.3171 0.0161 0.2056 0.0012 0.0818 0.0005 0.85 1205 6 1218 5 1244 13 3
7.1 – – – – – 2.8376 0.0449 0.2313 0.0026 0.0881 0.0014 0.72 1341 14 1366 12 1390 30 3
8.1 – – – – – 5.9532 0.0394 0.3486 0.0020 0.1237 0.0008 0.86 1928 10 1969 6 2010 11 4
9.1 – – – – – 2.7184 0.0196 0.2266 0.0013 0.0872 0.0006 0.81 1317 7 1333 5 1370 14 4
10.1 – – – – – 3.6014 0.0354 0.2764 0.0022 0.0957 0.0008 0.82 1573 11 1550 8 1548 15 −2
11.1 – – – – – 3.4024 0.0355 0.2646 0.0023 0.0945 0.0008 0.82 1513 12 1505 8 1524 16 1
12.1 – – – – – 3.4868 0.0340 0.2691 0.0021 0.0951 0.0007 0.80 1536 11 1524 8 1536 14 0
13.1 – – – – – 4.9113 0.0521 0.3241 0.0027 0.1106 0.0010 0.78 1809 13 1804 9 1812 16 0
14.1 – – – – – 3.5420 0.0347 0.2752 0.0021 0.0945 0.0007 0.79 1567 11 1537 8 1524 14 −3
15.1 – – – – – 6.7580 0.0698 0.3605 0.0029 0.1391 0.0012 0.78 1984 14 2080 9 2212 14 10
16.1 – – – – – 4.7897 0.0469 0.3228 0.0025 0.1084 0.0008 0.80 1803 12 1783 8 1775 14 −2
17.1 – – – – – 4.5047 0.0459 0.3083 0.0025 0.1076 0.0009 0.78 1732 12 1732 8 1763 15 2
18.1 – – – – – 2.2197 0.0225 0.2018 0.0016 0.0805 0.0007 0.80 1185 9 1187 7 1213 17 2
19.1 – – – – – 1.7030 0.0176 0.1714 0.0014 0.0729 0.0006 0.77 1020 7 1010 7 1010 17 −1
20.1 – – – – – 3.1068 0.0385 0.2522 0.0023 0.0902 0.0008 0.74 1450 12 1434 9 1435 17 −1
21.1 – – – – – 1.8426 0.0251 0.1757 0.0015 0.0760 0.0010 0.64 1043 8 1061 9 1096 26 5
22.1 – – – – – 1.6866 0.0195 0.1703 0.0016 0.0730 0.0007 0.80 1014 9 1003 7 1014 21 0
23.1 – – – – – 3.4636 0.0331 0.2641 0.0014 0.0954 0.0005 0.55 1511 7 1519 7 1542 10 2
37
24.1 – – – – – 1.8686 0.0184 0.1795 0.0009 0.0753 0.0004 0.52 1065 5 1070 7 1078 11 1
25.1 – – – – – 2.3100 0.0217 0.2096 0.0009 0.0806 0.0004 0.47 1227 5 1215 7 1217 10 −1
26.1 – – – – – 2.3292 0.0227 0.2125 0.0009 0.0804 0.0005 0.45 1242 5 1221 7 1210 11 −3
27.1 – – – – – 2.1313 0.0253 0.2030 0.0012 0.0766 0.0006 0.51 1191 7 1159 8 1113 16 −7
28.1 – – – – – 2.3476 0.0240 0.2105 0.0010 0.0825 0.0005 0.49 1232 6 1227 7 1261 12 2
29.1 – – – – – 2.0590 0.0194 0.1943 0.0009 0.0782 0.0004 0.48 1145 5 1135 6 1154 10 1
30.1 – – – – – 1.7430 0.0170 0.1764 0.0009 0.0737 0.0004 0.53 1047 5 1025 6 1034 12 −1
31.1 – – – – – 3.1594 0.0302 0.2526 0.0012 0.0917 0.0004 0.49 1452 6 1447 7 1467 9 1
32.1 – – – – – 1.8968 0.0179 0.1870 0.0009 0.0751 0.0004 0.52 1105 5 1080 6 1073 10 −3
33.1 – – – – – 1.4678 0.0162 0.1562 0.0011 0.0698 0.0004 0.64 935 6 917 7 922 11 −1
34.1 – – – – – 4.7565 0.0455 0.3189 0.0015 0.1097 0.0005 0.48 1785 7 1777 8 1798 9 1
35.1 – – – – – 4.8642 0.0465 0.3331 0.0015 0.1075 0.0005 0.49 1854 7 1796 8 1760 8 −5
36.1 – – – – – 3.2624 0.0431 0.2553 0.0027 0.0939 0.0006 0.81 1466 14 1472 10 1512 12 3
37.1 – – – – – 2.4572 0.0329 0.2106 0.0023 0.0853 0.0006 0.81 1232 12 1260 10 1327 13 7
38.1 – – – – – 4.3715 0.0607 0.3012 0.0033 0.1072 0.0007 0.79 1697 16 1707 11 1756 12 3
39.1 – – – – – 4.1817 0.0549 0.2981 0.0032 0.1029 0.0007 0.83 1682 16 1670 11 1682 12 0
40.1 – – – – – 3.7854 0.0567 0.2737 0.0036 0.1009 0.0009 0.87 1560 18 1590 12 1645 16 5
41.1 – – – – – 3.2785 0.0630 0.2712 0.0048 0.0900 0.0007 0.92 1547 24 1476 15 1432 15 −8
42.1 – – – – – 6.2987 0.0880 0.3745 0.0043 0.1236 0.0008 0.83 2051 20 2018 12 2008 11 −2
43.1 – – – – – 2.2390 0.0302 0.2025 0.0023 0.0810 0.0005 0.83 1189 12 1193 9 1224 13 3
44.1 – – – – – 2.3286 0.0328 0.2103 0.0025 0.0818 0.0005 0.85 1230 13 1221 10 1245 13 1
45.1 – – – – – 2.5738 0.0340 0.2205 0.0024 0.0852 0.0005 0.83 1284 13 1293 10 1326 12 3
46.1 – – – – – 4.0688 0.0568 0.2911 0.0034 0.1026 0.0007 0.83 1647 17 1648 11 1677 12 2
47.1 – – – – – 2.7841 0.0381 0.2292 0.0025 0.0891 0.0006 0.80 1330 13 1351 10 1412 13 6
48.1 – – – – – 1.7907 0.0382 0.1786 0.0033 0.0735 0.0005 0.86 1059 18 1042 14 1029 15 −3
49.1 – – – – – 14.4247 0.2337 0.5328 0.0098 0.2010 0.0014 0.99 2753 41 2778 15 2840 12 3
50.1 – – – – – 2.6570 0.0452 0.2250 0.0042 0.0858 0.0007 0.99 1308 22 1317 12 1340 15 2
51.1 – – – – – 1.7922 0.0296 0.1766 0.0033 0.0736 0.0006 0.99 1048 18 1043 11 1031 18 −2
52.1 – – – – – 3.7613 0.0627 0.2793 0.0052 0.0983 0.0006 0.99 1588 26 1585 13 1598 12 1
%Disc. suggests homogeneous and/or similar sources for the sediments during
the sedimentation of the Cuiabá Group rocks.
−2
−1
−1
−4
−3
18
20
16
10
0
3
0
2
0
8
5
2
1
2
5
6.2. U-Pb isotopic age constraints
±
13
26
14
14
17
19
12
12
12
17
40
16
14
15
22
15
18
16
16
24
15
16
Several recent studies have begun to explore the provenance, sedi-
Pb
206
mentology and geotectonic evolution of the Paraguay Belt (Bandeira

Pb/
1439
1070
1200
2757
1235
1652
1563
1515
1284
1085
1567
1745
1768
1518
1234
1553
1008
1245
1172
1244
1570
1615
et al., 2012; Cordani et al., 2013; Dantas et al., 2009; McGee et al.,
207
2013, 2015; Tohver et al., 2010). However, despite the importance in

understanding the amalgamation of Gondwana and their potential re-
±
10
15
12
11
13
15
11
22
12
13
12
17
10
6
7
7
9
7
7
9
8
7
cord of glacial events the relationship between the northern and
southern arms of the Paraguay Belt is still poorly understood. The U-Pb
U
235
data reported here represent the first significant provenance study

Pb/
1440
1069
1175
2750
1063
1596
1364
1514
1203
1044
1560
1740
1737
1499
1188
1503
1238
1180
1216
1471
1573
carried out on the Cuiabá Group.
885
207
Considering all of the data broadly, the most salient feature is a

prominent shared age peak at ∼1230 Ma (Fig. 8). There is a subtle,
±
23
21
22
43
18
37
21
26
21
24
17
12
11
10
10
13
11
14
10
25
7
7 gradual increasing in younger zircons going up the stratigraphy. The

two youngest zircon grains analysed in this study were found in the
U
238
Age (Ma)
Coxipó Formation at the top of the sequence, in sample MT-29. We can

Pb/
1453
1073
1174
2766
1008
1549
1246
1529
1175
1030
1623
1792
1727
1496
1212
1483
1250
1191
1226
1419
1573
assume that the maximum depositional age is given by these grains
842
206
(652 ± 5 Ma and 655 ± 8 Ma) and their average age of 653 ± 4 Ma,
which is consistent with the age determined for the overlying cap
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.98
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.88
0.76
0.93
0.89
0.88
0.70
0.90
0.84
0.90
0.91
0.86
0.89
0.94
carbonates from the Mirassol d’Oeste Formation. This formation has Pb-
ρ
Pb isochron ages of 633 ± 25 Ma (Babinski, 2011) and 622 ± 33 Ma

0.0007
0.0006
0.0010
0.0008
0.0009
0.0006
0.0010
0.0006
0.0016
0.0007
0.0011
0.0006
0.0006
0.0005
0.0006
0.0021
0.0010
0.0008
0.0008
0.0009
0.0008
0.0006
(Romero et al., 2012), supporting a Marinoan age for glaciation as

±
previously suggested (Trompette et al., 1998; Trindade et al., 2003;

Alvarenga et al., 2004, 2009; 2011).
Pb
On the contrary, the maximum depositional age obtained for the

206
glacial Puga Formation in the southern Paraguay Belt is older, showing

0.0992
0.0904
0.0750
0.0800
0.1912
0.0814
0.1012
0.0965
0.0941
0.0834
0.0756
0.0967
0.1066
0.1079
0.0942
0.0813
0.0960
0.0728
0.0818
0.0789
0.0818
0.0969
Pb/
U-Pb ages of 706 ± 9 Ma (Babinski et al., 2013) and 686 ± 10 Ma

207
(McGee et al., 2018). In addition no cap carbonates have been directly

dated in the southern Paraguay Belt, allowing for open interpretation of
0.0045
0.0039
0.0041
0.0103
0.0032
0.0074
0.0040
0.0050
0.0039
0.0014
0.0047
0.0035
0.0025
0.0021
0.0019
0.0020
0.0013
0.0024
0.0020
0.0026
0.0020
0.0050
their age, which could be related to either Cryogenian or Ediacaran

±
glacial events.
U
235
6.3. Cumulative proportion plots

0.2527
0.1811
0.1997
0.5359
0.1692
0.2717
0.2132
0.2677
0.1999
0.1733
0.2864
0.3206
0.3071
0.2612
0.2068
0.2587
0.1396
0.2140
0.2029
0.2094
0.2463
0.2763
Pb/
207
The age spectra of detrital zircon analyses from sedimentary

packages can reflect the tectonic setting of the basin in which they were
0.0501
0.0321
0.0418
0.2284
0.0324
0.1055
0.0468
0.0587
0.0399
0.0159
0.0792
0.0541
0.0406
0.0302
0.0290
0.0290
0.0155
0.0298
0.0238
0.0335
0.0302
0.0714
deposited (Cawood et al., 2012). This is achieved by plotting the cu-

Radiogenic Ratios
mulative proportion for individual samples, where the curves represent

the time from crystallization to deposition by subtracting the inferred
U
238
14.0078
depositional age of the sequence from the measured ages of zircon

3.1297
1.8660
2.1809
1.8497
3.8168
2.8321
3.4418
2.2687
1.7949
3.6487
4.5502
4.5339
3.3784
2.2209
3.3919
1.3918
2.3836
2.1978
2.3123
3.2584
3.7068
Pb/
crystallization. Fig. 9 shows the combined cumulative proportion

206
curves from our samples from the northern Paraguay Belt with the
general tectonic fields as proposed by Cawood et al. (2012). The curves
f206%
represent clear similarities in the depositional tectonic setting of the

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
samples where zircon ages are not close to the depositional age of the
Pb* (ppm)
sediment. These more mature signatures represent samples that were

transported or recycled for a much longer time prior to deposition. The
samples plot within the overlap of the fields for collisional and exten-
206
sional tectonic settings (Fig. 9). Given the currently available in-
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
formation in the literature this allows for a more open interpretation of

Th/U
the depositional regime.

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Comparing these data with a recent study from the southern

Paraguay Belt (McGee et al., 2018), correlative units in the two arms of
Th (ppm)
the belt show subtle differences in their depositional setting based on

the analysis of their cumulative proportion plots. In the southern
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Paraguay Belt, rocks of the Jacadigo Group which overlie the basement
U (ppm)
there plot in the field of an extensional tectonic setting. This is slightly

different to the samples overlying the basement in the northern Para-

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
guay Belt, which plot in the overlapping areas for extensional and
collisional tectonic settings. This could indicate two possibilities, firstly
Grain.spot
that caution should be used with the interpretation of these figures to

53.1
54.1
55.1
49.2
56.1
57.1
58.1
58.2
59.1
60.1
61.1
62.1
63.1
64.1
65.1
66.1
67.1
68.1
69.1
70.1
71.1
72.1
characterize the geotectonic setting. Alternatively, these observations

could suggest a slightly diachronous evolution between the northern
38
Fig. 7. Concordia plots for U-Pb detrital zircon LA-ICP-MS data from samples from the Cuiabá Group in the northern Paraguay Belt.
and southern arms of the Paraguay Belt. (Bandeira et al., 2012). As this basin becomes ever more restricted,
Following the models of Trindade et al. (2006) and McGee et al. paleocurrents reverse in direction, marking the change from marine
(2015), which are based on sedimentary, stratigraphic, geochronolo- shale to molasse deposits. U–Pb dating of detrital zircons constrain
gical and paleomagnetic analysis, the Paraguay Belt is inferred to have sedimentation in the upper strata of the Paraguay Belt (Alto Paraguai
developed from a marine passive margin environment on the south- Group) to 527 Ma and show abundant Ediacaran–Cambrian aged ma-
eastern edge of the Amazonian Craton to a compressional setting where terial sourced from the Paraguay orogen itself (McGee et al., 2014).
the Paraguay Orogen formed as a peripheral bulge in the lithosphere of The provenance of sedimentary rocks of the Cuiabá Group in this
the Amazonian Craton. In the northern Paraguay Belt the glacial sedi- study was carried out from Sm-Nd analyses in whole rock samples and
ments deposited on the Amazonian Craton analysed here were covered U-Pb geochronology in detrital zircons. This integrated Sm-Nd and U-Pb
by the carbonates of the Araras Group followed by the sliciclastic rocks data of detrital zircons from the sedimentary rocks of the northern
of the Alto Paraguay Group. This succession was deformed following Paraguay Belt provides insight into the tectonomagmatic evolution of
the collision of the incoming cratonic blocks. their source areas. As previously mentioned the Sm-Nd data (Fig. 6)
Data presented by Tohver et al. (2010) also support this hypothesis, indicate a relatively homogeneous source during sedimentation, how-
showing heterogeneous strain occurred during Ediacaran time. Biotite ever, an investigation of sources based on the U-Pb ages provides fur-
flakes from metavolcanic rocks in the northern Paraguay Belt with ther information.
40
Ar/39Ar ages between 541 and 531 Ma constrain regional meta- The U-Pb age spectra represented by the samples are characterised
morphism there (Geraldes et al., 2008). In comparison, in the southern by polymodal zircon age spectra (Fig. 8). Suitable source regions would
Paraguay Belt carbonates of the Tamengo Formation were being de- need to contain the same zircon populations to be considered viable.
posited in a passive margin environment concomitantly, evidenced by The series of ages can be considered as a diagnostic pattern for the
543 Ma intercalated tuffs in the carbonate rocks (Babinski et al., 2008). source of the Cuiabá Group in the northern Paraguay Belt. The U-Pb
These data also support a diachronous evolution of the northern and detrital zircons from the fourteen samples analysed here showed very
southern arms of the Paraguay Belt at this time. similar sources for units 2 to 5, Campina de Pedras (pre-rift) and
Acorizal formations. In these samples the predominant age range is
1200–1250 Ma, followed by sources ranging from 900 to 960 Ma,
6.4. Provenance of the Cuiabá Group sediments 1050–1100 Ma, 1350–1380 Ma, 1530 to 1550 Ma, 1760 to 1790 Ma
and 1860 Ma. A small number of ages are expressed at 2.0 Ga and
The Paraguay Belt in central Brazil has been hypothesized as one of Archean (2.5–2.8 Ga).
the final sutures in the formation of Gondwana (Tohver et al., 2010; The majority of ages identified here represent important crustal
Trindade et al., 2003). Contractional deformation within the belt was forming events in the Amazonian Craton (Tassinari and Macambira,
constrained by dating the 518 Ma São Vicente post-tectonic granite 1999), including the Carajás (> 2.3 Ga), Ventuari - Tapajós (1.95–1.8
from the core of the Paraguay Belt (McGee et al., 2012), indicating the Ga), Rio Negro-Juruena (1.8–1.55 Ga), Rondoniano - San Ignácio
formation of a large part of western Gondwana occurred in the Early (1.5–1.3 Ga) and Sunsás (1.25–1.0 Ga) provinces. The Sunsás Province
Cambrian. The sedimentary record of this collision is documented by a rocks are the main source of the sediments along with the anorogenic
change in detrital input with the closing of the Clymene Ocean
39
from the region is provided. Detrital zircons with ages ranging from 450
to 650 Ma are present in the north-central Andes (Chew et al., 2007),
but given a lack of obvious potential source regions it is hypothesized
that the late Neoproterozoic magmatic belt is buried beneath the pre-
sent-day Andean Belt or Amazon Basin (Chew et al., 2008).
To the east of the study area we find evidence in Nova Xavantina of
a ca. 822 Ma volcanism (Dantas et al., 2007). Given its close proximity
to the rocks studied here we consider this a likely source for the
800–900 Ma ages encountered in the Cuiabá Group. Further east is the
ca. 790-600 Ma Brasília Belt (Pimentel et al., 2011; Valeriano, 1995).
Within the Brasília Belt exist several potential sources including: det-
rital zircon grains of a volcanic-sedimentary juvenile magmatic arc that
occur near Brasília (1.0–1.2 Ga) (Viana, 1995); 0.7–1.2 Ga passive
margin sediments (Coelho et al., 2008); and 670 Ma granulites of the
Anápolis-Itauçu Complex (DellaGiustina, 2010). The early Neoproter-
ozoic rocks of the Goiás arc could also be considered as a source region.
There exist ca. 612 Ma mafic-ultramafic complexes (Nilson et al., 1997)
and ca. 643 Ma granites (Nilson et al., 1997; Pimentel and Fuck, 1994)
and arc-type metaplutonic and metavolcanic rocks with ages ranging
between 900 Ma and 700 Ma (Pimentel et al., 1991). Zircons with ages
ranging from 700 Ma to 770 Ma are also present in the southern
Paraguay Belt where sources are most available in that area. Laurentian
sources have also been proposed in the past to account for ages of
zircons not found on the Amazonian Craton (Babinski et al., 2013).
Such sources could be considered a likely possibility since this craton
was potentially contiguous to the Amazonian Craton in the Cryogenian
and that volcanic and plutonic units within this age range are ample in
the eastern margin of Laurentia (Aleinikoff et al., 1995; Lukert and
Banks, 1984; Su et al., 1994; Tollo et al., 2004).
To the south of the study area in the Pampean Belt exists calc-al-
kaline volcanism at 555-525 Ma (Escayola et al., 2007) and cordierite-
bearing, peraluminous magmas at 525-515 Ma (Rapela et al., 1998),
however such young ages were not found in the samples analysed in our
study.
7. Conclusions
This provenance study shows detrital zircon ages ranging from 2253
Ma and 652 Ma with one of the main sources interpreted to be the
1000–1250 Ma Sunsás Province. The youngest zircon grain analysed
from our samples of the Cuiabá Group in the northern Paraguay Belt is
652 ± 5 Ma, from the Coxipó Formation at the top of the sequence.
This is consistent with the subtle documented younging in sediment
Fig. 8. Age probability density curves of detrital zircon ages for samples from input throughout the deposition of the Cuiabá Group. This depositional
the northern Paraguay Belt. Coloured bars represent tectonic provinces from age agrees with interpretations that part of the Cuiabá Group was de-
the Amazonian Craton after Tassinari and Macambira (1999).
posited in a glacial environment during the purportedly global 636 Ma
Marinoan glaciation. This contrasts with the southern Paraguay Belt
granites from the Rondoniano and Rio Negro-Juruena Provinces, as where the age of glacial sediments there is still not well constrained.
shown by the 1.0–1.25 Ga U-Pb ages on detrital zircons and the 1.6 to Provenance based on Sm-Nd whole rock ages indicate that the source of
1.8 Ga Sm-Nd TDM ages obtained on whole rock samples. The inter- the detritus was mostly homogeneous throughout deposition, being
pretation that the Cuiabá Group was deposited in a passive margin on sourced primarily from the Amazonian Craton, a proposal which con-
the edge of the Amazonian Craton corroborates with our Sm-Nd data curs with this interpretation of deposition in a passive margin en-
indicating similar source material there. However this does not account vironment. The cumulative proportion analysis of our data from the
for the younger ages found in the samples analysed here that are not northern Paraguay Belt is within both the collisional and extensional
present on the Amazonian Craton. fields leaving the tectonic evolution open for interpretation. We
U-Pb ages for prismatic zircons of 645 Ma and 710 Ma have been therefore suggest caution using a straightforward interpretation based
reported from the Cabaçal Tonalite (Pinho, 2001) that crops out in the on these figures. In the final stages of evolution of the belt a different
Amazonian Craton. This may have accounted for the zircon grains en- process occur simultaneously in the northern and southern arms. The
countered in this study at 650 Ma and 711 Ma. However, these data are 541–531 Ma 40Ar/39Ar biotite ages constrain regional metamorphism in
not well understood and more research has to be done in order to the northern Paraguay Belt compared to coeval deposition of carbo-
characterize the source of these zircons and have more robust evidence nates of the Tamengo Formation in a passive margin setting in the
40
Fig. 9. Cumulative proportion curves showing the dif-

ference between the measured crystallization age for a
detrital zircon grain and the depositional age of the suc-
cession in which it occurs. Depositional age for all sam-
ples is assumed to be 635 Ma. Shaded areas represent
tectonic settings after Cawood et al. (2012) A = con-
vergent settings, B = collisional settings and C = exten-
sional settings.
southern Paraguay Belt. Amsterdam, pp. 15–28.

Alvarenga, C.J.S., Boggiani, P.C., Babinski, M., Dardenne, M.A., Figueiredo, M.F., Dantas,
E.L., Uhlein, A., Santos, R.V., Sial, A.N., Trompette, R., 2011. Glacially influenced
Acknowledgements sedimentation of the Puga Formation, Cuiabá group and Jacadigo group, and asso-
ciated carbonates of the Araras and Corumbá groups, Paraguay belt, Brazil. In: In:
M. Babinski was supported by CNPq grant 476645/2010-7 and Ben Arnaud, E., Shields, G., Halverson, G.P. (Eds.), Geological Society of London,
Memoirs, vol. 36. pp. 487–497.
McGee was supported by grant 2014/20401-02 of the São Paulo Babinski, M., 2011. Geocronologia das glaciações criogenianas do Brasil Central. Livre
Research Foundation (FAPESP) for the duration of this work. This is Docência. Universidade de São Paulo.
also a contribution to the FAPESP Thematic Project 2016/06114-6. We Babinski, M., Boggiani, P.C., Fanning, C.M., Fairchild, T.R., 2008. U–Pb SHRIMP geo-
chronology and isotope chemostratigraphy (C, O, Sr) of the Tamengo Formation,
thank the two anonymous reviewers that helped to improve the southern Paraguay belt, Brazil. In: South American Symposium on Isotope Geology,
manuscript and Professor R. Fuck for editorial handling of this article. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.2011.01023.x/full.
Babinski, M., Boggiani, P.C., Trindade, R.I.F., Fanning, C.M., 2013. Detrital zircon ages
and geochronological constraints on the Neoproterozoic Puga diamictites and asso-
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Journal of South American Earth Sciences 85 (2018) 6–42

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

Comparing two arms of an orogenic belt during Gondwana amalgamation: T

Fig. 3. Stratigraphic chart of the Paraguay Belt for the

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Acorizal Formation unconformably overlies the Campina de Pedras

The Coxipó Formation is composed predominantly of conglomer-

Formation of Almeida (1965), to subunits 6 and 7 of Luz et al. (1980)

stretching from Serra de São Vicente to Barão de Melgaço (Mata-Mata

Samples of whole rock were collected from the Cuiabá Group's

of subunits 3 and 5 of Luz et al. (1980) outcrop. Further west, rocks of

subunit 2 are also sampled as well as north of Cuiabá towards Nobres

rocks. In this area, approximately 6 samples of metarhythmites and

diamictites of subunits 3, 4, 5 and 7 of Luz et al. (1980) were collected

4.1. Whole rock Sm-Nd analysis

22 samples were analysed for Sm-Nd isotopic compositions and

concentrations. All sample preparation and isotope analyses were car-

University of São Paulo, Brazil. For the Sm and Nd isotopic analyses,

dard ion exchange methods using RE and LN Eichron resins. Isotope

data was collected using Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS)

on a Triton mass spectrometer (Thermo Fischer, Germany). The mea-

The mean value of the 143Nd/144Nd of the JNdi-1 standard measured in

fSm/Nd and εNd(0) parameters were calculated according to (Hamilton

4.2. Zircon U-Pb LA-ICP-MS analysis

All samples for geochronological analysis were cleaned of weath-

used to concentrate the zircon fraction using gravity separation on a

bromoform and methyl iodide solutions to separate the dense-mineral

tion of each zircon grain at the surface of the disc.

Morphology and texture of the polished zircons were imaged using

transmitted and reﬂected light and cathodoluminescence (CL) techni-

coupled to a MC-ICP-MS (Neptune) at the Geochronological Research

Center of the Institute of Geosciences (University of São Paulo, Brazil).

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206 207 207 206 207 207

206 207 207 206 207 207

206 207 207 206 207 207

206 207 207 206 207 207

%Disc. 30 μm. Data acquisition occurred in 50 cycles of 1.048 s of integration

crimination were corrected using the reference zircon GJ-1 (Jackson

et al., 2004). During analysis three GJ-1 measurements were made

blank values were subtracted from all individual cycle measurements.

following the measurement of two GJ-1 analyses to every 13th zircon

error of the GJ-1 mean and the individual zircon sample.

5.1. Sm-Nd isotopic whole rock analyses

Twenty-two whole rock samples were selected for Sm-Nd analysis.

units have the same or slightly younger TDM ages.

5.2. U-Pb detrital zircon isotopic analyses

Fourteen samples of the Cuiabá Group were selected to carry out a

cropping in the area, Unit 2. As the distinction between units 3 and 5,

classiﬁcation of Tokashiki and Saes (2008) units 3, 4 and 5 constitute

(Tokashiki and Saes, 2008).

5.3. Campina de Pedras Formation

5.4. Acorizal Formation

The rocks of this formation are equivalent to Units 3, 4 and 5 of the

classiﬁcation of Luz et al. (1980), and are represented mainly by areno-

pelitic metarhythmites, phyllites and (meta) diamictites. Twelve sam-

presentative of the base of the Acorizal Formation of pre-glacial char-

intermediate part of the Acorizal Formation, where the rocks already

deposited in glacial environment. The rocks of Unit 5, clearly glacial,

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%Disc. represented by samples PO-11, PO-22, PO-39, MT-21, MT-24, MT-25,

5.5.1. Sample PO-27–phyllite