salandaverde@gmail.com), ‘This publication is licensed to 179.*1,61.94 LEG SA DE CV (clo Adrian Torres alba’ Standard Method of Test for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils Using a 4.54-kg (10-Ib) Rammer and a 457-mm (18-in.) Drop i ZASHIO AASHTO Designation: T 180-22 AASHIO Technically Revised: 2022 Editorially Revieed: 2022 Technical Subcommittee: 1b, Geotechnical Exploration, Instrumentation, Stabilization, and Field Testing 1. SCOPE 44, Tis method of testis intended for determining the relationship between the moisture content and density of soils when compacted in a given mold ofa given size with a 4.54-kg (10-Ib) rammer ‘dropped from a height of 457 mm (18 in.) Four alteruate procedures ae provided as follows: Method A—A 101.60-mm (4-in.) mold: Soil material passing a 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve (see Sections 4 and 5); Method B—A 152.40-mm (6-in.) Sections 6 and 7); Medhod —A 10) 60mm (4-i.) mold: Soil material passing a 19.0:mm (0.75 Scetions 8 and 9); of Method D—A 32.40-mim (6-in.) mold: Soil material passing a 19,0-mm (0.75-in) sieve (see Sections 10 and 11). wold: Soil material passing a 4,75-mm (No. 4) sieve (see ) sieve (see 12, The method to be used should be indicated in the specifications forthe material being tested, Ifo ‘method is specified, the provisions of Meili A shall govern, 13, ‘Thistest method applies to soil mixtures that have 40 percent or ess retained on the 4.75-mm (No.4) sieve, when Method A ur B is used and 30 percent of less retained on the 19.(-mm (0.75-in) sieve, when Method C or D is used. Material retained on these sieves shall e defined as oversize particles (coarse particles) 14. {the test specimen contains oversized panicles, dry density and moisture corrections must be ‘made in wecordance with Annex ALL The person oF agency specifying this method mey specify a ‘minimum percentage of oversized particles above which a correction must be applica I no imum percentage is specified, correction forthe oversized particles sll be applied o material txining more than 5 percent by weigh of oversized particles 1. the specified oversized particle maximum percentage is exceeded, other methods of compaction ‘control must be used (see Note |) Note 4—One method for the design and control of the compaction of such soils is to use atest fill to determine the required degree of compaction and a method to obtain that compaction. Then use ‘a method specification to control the compaction by specifying the type and size of compaction ‘equipment, the lif thickness, and the number of passes. Ts1b T 1a AASHTO ©. by the American Associaton o Site tighvay and Tansporition Ocal Allighs eseived. Dapheaton i violton of appa law16, 47. 18. ‘The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: For the purposes of determining. conformance with these specifications, an observed value ora calculated value shall be rounded off “tothe nearest unit” inthe last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value, in accordance with ASTM E29. The values stated in SI units are to he regarded asthe standard The quality ofthe results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personne! performing the procedure and the capability, ealibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of R I8 are generally considered capable of ‘competent und objective esting sampling’ inspectioniete. Users ofthis standard are cautioned that compliance with B18 ater: ces at cumterety assure reltabte resus. Reliable rests depend ‘on many factors; following the suggestions of 18 or some similar acceptable guideline provides ‘a means of evaluating and controling some of those factors 2a 22 23. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS AASHTO Standards: ‘M231, Weighing Devices Used in the Testing of Materials | -M339M/M 339, Thermometers Used in the Testing of Construction Materials R18, Establishing and Implementing a Quality Management System for Construction Materials Testing Laboratories R 76, Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Testing Size T I9M/T 19, Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”) and Voids in Aggregate 1 85, Specific Gravity and Absorption of Coarse Ageregate 1.217, Determination of Moisture in Soils by Means of Calcium Carbide Gas Pressure Moisture Tester 1.255, Total Evaporable Moisture Content of Aggregate by Drying 1265, Laboratory Determination of Moisture Content of Soils, 1310, In-Place Density and Moisture Content of Soil and Soil-Ageregate by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth) ASTM Standards: ‘= 2168, Standard Practices for Calibration of Laboratory Mechanical-Rammer Scil Compactors = EL, Standard Specification for ASTM Liquidsin-Glass Thermometers EIL, Standard Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves = £29, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance. with Specifications ‘= E230/E230M, Standard Specification for Temperature Eletromotive Force (em) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples ‘£2877, Standard Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers Internationa Elecarovechnictal Commisston Standard TEC 60584-1:2013, Thermocouples - Part: EMF Specifications and Tolerances TS T1802 - ‘AASHTO (©2002 by the American Associaton of Site Highway and enspertation Oils All ight reserved Duplication a oton of alice awThis publication is licensed to 179.§.61.94 LEG SA DE CV (clo Adrian Torres albar“ialandaverde@gmail.com), 342, TS ‘APPARATUS Mold Assembly (Mold, Collar, and Baseplate) Molds shall be solid-wall, metal eylinders ‘manufactured with dimensions and capacities shown in Sections 3.1.1 and 3.1.2 and in Figures 1 ‘and 2 below. They shall have a detachable collar approximately 60 mm (2.375 in.) inheight, to permit preparation of compacted specimens of soil-water mixtures ofthe desired height and Volume. The motd and collar shall be so constructed tha it ean be fastened firmly to a detachable base plate made of the same material. The base plate shall be plane to 0.13 mm (0.095 in.) as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Mois having a volume of 0.000943 + 0.000014 m' (0.0333 + 0.0005 f) shall have an inside diameter of 101.60 + 0.40 mm (4,000 + 0.016 in.) and a height of 116.40 + 0.50 mm ‘4,584 = (0.018 in.) (Figure 1). Determine mold volume in accordance with the “Calibration of Measure” section of T I9M/T 19 for Unit Mass of Aggregate Mos having a volume of 0.002124 + 0.000025 m’ (0.0750 ++ 0.0009 f) shall have an inside diameter of 152.40 « 0.70 mm (6.000 0.026 in.) and a height of 116.40 0.50 mm 4.588 + 0.018 in.) (Figure 2), Determine mold volume in accordance with the “Calibration of Measure” section of T I9M/T 19 for Unit Mass of Aggregate, Alternate types of mold assemblies with volumes that meet the requirements of Sections 3.1.1 and 3.1.2 may be used. Alternate types of mold assemblies must be constructed of a rigid, inflexible ‘material; must not deform during compaction; and be cylindrical with a detachable collar and detachable base plate as described in Section 3.1. The volume of alternative types of 10ld assemblies shall be determined and verified in accordance withthe “Calibration of Measure” section of T 19M/T 19 for Unit Mass of Aggregate as is required in Sections 3.1.1 and 3.1.2 ‘When altemate mold types are first used they should be tested on several different sols types and the esults compared to tests results from mold types specified in Sections 3.1.1, 3.1.2 and Figures | and 2. Altemative molds are acceptable when tet results meet the single operator repeatability limis of this standard T 180: ‘AASHTO 122 by the American Assocation of Sia Highs and Teaspoon Of All ih reserved. Duplin isa vioktion of ape awThis publication is licensed to 179.*4,61.94 LEG SA DE C\ (clo Adrian Torres albar “ialandaverde@gmail.com), 1143022540 sa s162064—| ST Eessects |-sos0s00e T L ass: 055—| =| eosss127 be birzeavar sre722285__| eb rsestar B Sud (2) a 5 TS en ‘= @, wy) toa te a 2 Nangeron hen prio ny cant ned doe he adit ie 3pm do a cps eds rc er he plo fhe 2h eon 2 Figure 1—Cylindrical Mold and Base Plate (101 60-mm Mold) Ss T1804 AASHTO ‘©.2M2 by the American Asociton of Slate Highay and Transporation Ocal All ight esrvod:Doplatin sa violin of apc aw‘ialandaverde@gmail.com). sensed to 179.**.61.94 LEG SA DE CV (clo Adrian Torres albar This publication i 165102254 ——————1 eas127—| s1e+084—l 1 ts2ns 070 A T ys FI Li A GE g 8 ; ae vil ua a T t “ % I |Zasseooe iets te | _ Mdre | TERT Ss : ae z i 7! iy ZH Section AA rereasel ke Wing st) {S03 2 (© aoe) {D} Wal fap ens boon och hong) Seam fo)ace Pat, 4 @| ve ais zs Location of Studs in Base Plate Nos: 1 Allinson sai ilies aceite 2 Huageron thot tan ol anc nl eh dept ie Figure 2—Cylindrical Mold and Base Plate (152.40-mm Mold) Ts T1808 1© 2022 bythe American Associaton of State Highasy and Transportation Ofc ‘All ips reserved Dupleation sa lation of pial AASHTO.com). This publication is licensed to 179.**.61.94 LEG SA DE CV (clo Adrian Torres albar -rialandaverde@gme ‘Table 1—Dimensional Equivalents for Figure | Tiere ‘Oias + 0085 W38+ aT Tiwoe00s TWasa ta) 43804 0050 a1 0150 2032 0x00 4304258 4500-40100 oasstar 02500050, 3410228 15000100 6B OTs ——45e+ 000s 162 0300 50802 064 20000028 Is2a42s1 6000+ 0100 osssnet o3nss00s 90332127 2375005) 165104284 6 500.0100 12704254 (0500 +0100 101.4004 Ams0010 724254002 0100 TOORS= OHENP TOURER «1.0005 Table 2—Dimensioml Equivalents for Figure 2 Teo visse0ms Tiws1a7 07am 1404066 00« 036 a8 0150 202 0400 Isk754127 628080050 eassia7 0250-20080 38104254 13000100 165104258 650080100 762 0300 soans064 ——-2oo0e0025 72724258 680080100 9s3200 os7s e005 on32127 —-237s\00% 08254258 ODL 0.100 Inmarst 05000100 HigaB013 _4staeuuns 215904254 50020100, DoT = O00eNRS F_OOFSO= COND 32 324 322. Tsp Rammer: Marwally Operated—Metal rammer with a mass of 4.536 + 0,009 kg (10.00 + 0.02 Ib) (Note 2) and having a flat cireular Face of 30.80 mm (2.000 in) diameter with a manufacturing tolerance of +£0.25 mm (£0.01 in.). The in-service diameter of the flat citculae face shall be not less than 50.42 mm (1.985 in.). The rammer shall be equipped with a suitable guide sleeve wo control the height of drop to a free fall 457 1 2.mm (18,00 = 0.06 in.) above the elevation of the soil. The tide siceve shall have atleast four vent holes, no smaller than 9.5-mm (0,37S-in,) diameter, ‘paced approximately 90 degrees (1.57 rad) apart from each end, and shall provide sufficient clearance so the free fall ofthe rammer shaft and head is unrestricted, Mechanically Operated—A metal rammer that is equipped with a device to control the height of drop toa fre fall of 457 2 mm (18,00 + 0.06 in.) above the elevation ofthe soil, and uniformly distibutes such drops to the soil surface (soe Note 2), The rammer shall have a mass of 4.536 + (0.009 kg (10,00 + 0.02 Ib) (see Note 2) and have a flat circular face of 50.80 mm (2.000 in.) dliaeter with a manufacturing tolerance of -0.25 mm (40.01 in.) The in-service diameter of the flat circular face shall be not less than $0.42 mm (1.985 in.). The mechanical rammer shall be calitrated by ASTM D2168 to give the same moisture-density results as with a manually operated rammer. Note 2—The mechanical rammer apparatus shal be calibrated with several sol types and the ‘mass of the rammer adjusted, ifnecessary, to ive the same moisture-densty results as with the manually operated rammer ‘may be impractical to adjust the mechanical apparatus so the ree fall is 457 mm (13 in.) each time the rammer is dropped, as with the manually operated rammer, To make the adjustment of fice all, the portion of loose sol to receive the initial blow should be slightly compressed withthe Famer to establish the point of impact from which the 457-mm (18-in.) drop is determined ‘subsequent blows on the layer of sol being compacted may all be applied by dropping the rammer froma height of 457 mm (18 in.) above the initialsetting elevation, or when the meckanical apparatus is designed with a height adjustment for each blow, all subsequent blows stould have a ‘amner free fll of 457 man (18 in.) measured from the elevation of the soil as compacted by the prev ous blow. A more detailed calibration procedure for Inboratsry uiechnical rammmer soil ‘compactors can be found in ASTM D2I68, T1606 SSCS {© 202by the American Associaton of Stat High an Transporation cas Alig served: Duplin sa vod of applica awThis publication is licensed to 179.1 61.94 LEG SA. DE CV (clo Adrian Torres albar ‘ralandaverde@gmail.com). 323. 33. 34, 35. 36 a7, 3.8, 39 Rammer Face~The circular face rammer shall be used but a sector face rammer may be used 2s ‘an alternative provided that the report shal indicate type of face used other than the $0.8-mm (2- in, cireular face, and thatthe sector face rammer shall have an area equal to that of the circular face rammer. The in-service area of secior face raumery shall be Standardized and yleld a surface area within 1.5 percent ofthe area of the 50.8-mm (2-in.) circular face rammer. Sample Extruder (for Solid-Walled Molds Only)—A jack, lever, frame, or other device adapted for the purpose of extruding compacted specimen from the mold. ‘Balences and Scales—A balance or scale conforming to the requirements of M 231, Class G 5. ‘Also, a balance conforming to the requirements of M 231, Class G 2 (see Note 3). Note 3—The capacity ofthe metric balance or scale should be approximately 11.8 kg (25 Ib) ‘when used to determine the mass of the 152-mm (6-in.) mold and compacted, moist soil; however, ‘wha the 102-mm (J-in.) mold is used, a balance or scale of lesser capacity than 11.5 ke may be used, ifthe sensitivity and readability ce |. Drying Oven—A thermostatically controlled drying oven capable of maintaining a temperature of 110: 5°C (230 + 9°F) for drying moisture samples. Oven(s) for heating and drying shall be capable of operation atthe temperatures required, between 25 to 120°C (77 to 248°), within 45°C (49°F), as corrected, ifnecessary, by standardization, Mote than one oven may be used, provided «cach is used within its proper operating temperature range. The thermometer for measuring the temperature of materials shall meet the requirements of M 339M/M 339 with a temperature range ‘ofa least 0 to 130°C (32 t0 266°F), and an accuracy of 1 25°C (+2.25°F) (see Note), Note 4—thermometer types suitable for use include ASTM EI mercury thermometers; ASTM E2877 digital metal stem thermometer, ASTM F230/E230M thermocouple thermometer, Type J ‘or K, Special Class. Type T any Class: IFC 0SR4 thormacouple thermometer, Type} or K ‘Class 1, Type T any Class; or dial gauge metal stem (bimetal) thermometer, ‘Siraightedge—A hardened steel straightedge a least 250 mm (10 in.) in length. I hall have one beveled edge, and atleast one longitudinal surface (used for Final trimming) shall be plane within 0.1 yetcent ofthe length within the portion used for trimming the soil (see Note 5). Note 5—The beveled edge may be used for final trimming if the edge is true within 3 tolerance of (0.25 mm per 250 mm (0.1 percent) of length; however, wit continued use, the culling edge may ‘become excessively worn and not suitable for trimming the soil tothe level of the mold. The straightedge should not be so flexible that trimming the soil surface withthe cutting edge will ‘cause @ concave soil surfuce. Sieves—19.0-mm (0,75-in.), and 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieves conforming tothe requirements of ASTM ELI Maxi Tools —Migesllancous tools such as mining pa, spoon, rowel, spatula, et., oF a suitable ‘mechanical device for thoroughly mixing the sample of soil with increments of water (Coniainers—Suitable containers made of material resistant to corresion and not subject to change jn mss or disintegsation on repeated heating and cooling, Comainers shall have close-ftting lids to prevent loss of moisture from samples before initial mass determination aed to prevent absorption of moisture from the atmosphere following drying and before final mass determination. ‘On container is needed for each moisture wontent determination, TSs1b Tia ‘AASHTO £2002 ty the Amaican Associaton of Stat Hava and Transportation OMT Allright reserved Duplation fs votion of apical‘ialandaverde@gmail.com), ication is licensed to 179 *1.61.94 LEG SA DE CV (clo Adrian Torres albar This pul METHOD A 4, 44. 42 43. 5A. 52 53, 534 ‘SAMPLE ‘Obtain a representative sample. This sample must be large enough that when the oversized (retzined on the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve) particles are removed 3 kg (7 Ib) of more of he sample Dry the sample until it becomes friable under a trowel. Drying may be in air or by use ofa drying apparatus that is maintained ata temperature not exceeding 60°C (140°). Thoroughly break up the aggregation in such a manner as to avoid reducing the natural size of individual particles. Sieve the soil over the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve. When the sample has oversized particks, particles retained on the 4.75-mim (No. 4) sieve, refer tothe Annex AI, Reduce the sample, tow mass of | 3 kg (7 Ib) or more in accordance with R 76, PROCEDURE Determine the mass ofthe mold and base plate tothe nearest Ig (0.005 Ib), ‘Thoroughly mix the selected representative sample with sufficient water to dampen itto approximately four to eight percentage points below optimum moisture content (see Note 6). Note 6—When developing a compaction curve for free-draning soils, such as uniform sands and. gravels, where seepage occurs atthe hottom of the mold and base plate, aking a representative ‘moisture content sample from the mixing bow! may be preferred to determine the amount of mioistute available for compaction, Form a specimen by compacting the prepared soil in the 101.60-mm (4-in.) mold assembly in five approximately equal layers fo give a total eompacted depth of about 125 mm (5 in), Prior to ‘compaction, place the loose soil into the mold assembly and spread into a layer of uniform thicbness. Lightly tamp the soil prior to compaction unt itis not in a loose or Muffy state, using either the manual compaction rammer of similar device having a face diameter of approximately ‘50 nim (2 in.) Following compaction of each of the fist four layers, any soil adjacent o the mold ‘walls that has not been compacted ot extends above the compacted surface shall be trimmed using a knife or other suitable device, and be evenly distributed on top of the layer. Compact ceach layer by 25 uniformly distributed blows from the rammer dropping fee trom a tei (of 457 mm (18 in.) above the elevation of the soil when a sleeve-type rammer is used, or from 457 mm (18 in.) above the approximate elevation ofthe soil as compacted by the previous blow ‘when a stationary mounted type of rammer is used. During compaction, the mold assembly shall rest irmly on a dense, uniform, rigid, and stable foundation or base. This base shall remain stationary during the compaction process (see Note 7). Note 7—Each ofthe following has been found tobe a satisfactory base on which ty est the mold assembly during compaction of the soil: block of concrete, with a mass of not less than 90 kg (200 1b), supported by a relatively stable foundation; a sound conerete floor; and for field application, such surfaces as are found in concrete box culverts, bridges, and pavements, Following compaction, remove the collar; carefully trim the compacted soil even with the top of | the mold by means of the straightedge, and determine the mass of the mold, base plate and moist scl in kilograms to the nearest | (0.005 lb). Calculate the wet density, py a8 described in Section 12, TS T1808 ‘AASHTO Dy the American Assocation of Sats Highiy and Transporation Offical: Al ight reserved. Dupltion a volton of aplabe lewcom). ‘ialandaverde@gmi This publication is licensed to 179 **.61.94 LEG SA DE CV (clo Adrian Torres albar 54, Detach the base plate and remove the material from the mold using the extruder when nec Obtain a representative sample ofthe material by slicing vertically through the center of the ‘molded material and removing one of the eut faces (Figure 3) or from the center ofthe pile i the ‘material falls apart, Weigh the sample immediately. Determine the moisture content in accordance with T 265, and record the results, Figure 3—Representative Moisture Content Sample Selection 55. 551. 552. Thoroughly break up the remaining portion of the molded specimen until it will passa 4.7S-mm (No.4) sieve as judged by eye, and add to the remaining portion of the sample being tested. Add ‘water in sufficient amount to increase the molsture content ofthe sil by approximately | 10 2 percentage points (water content inerements should not exceed 2,5 percent, except when heavy clay soils or oganie soils exhibiting lat elongated curves are encountered; then the water content increments may be increased to a maximum of 4 percent), and repeat the above procature for each increment of water added. When the series of determinations indicate a decrease or no change in ‘the wet unit mass per cubie meter (cubic foot), p, ofthe compacted sol (see Note 8) perform one ‘more determination such that there js a minimum! of two determinations over optimum moisture One additional determination over optimum moisture is sufficient for non-cohesive, érainable soils {In instances where the soil material is fragile in character and will be reduced significantly in grain size by repeated compaction, a separate and new sample shall be used in each compastion tes. Note 8—In some cases where the sol is heavy-textured, clayey material into which itis difficult ‘o inzonporate water, a separate and new sample shall be used in cach compaction tet In these ‘eases, separate samples shall be thoroughly mixed with amounts of water sufficient te cause the ‘moisture contents ofthe samples to vary by approximately two percentage points. The moisture contents selected shall bracket the optimum moisture content, thus providing samples which, when ‘compacted, will increase in mass to the maximum density and then decrease in mass. The samples ‘of scil-water mixtures shall be placed in covered containers and allowed to stand for 10 less than 12 hbefore making the moisture-density test Tse T7808 ‘AASHTO 2022 bythe American Association of State lighay and Tramporaton Oils Allright eserved: Dupin 8 voltin of aphid awvialandaverde@gmail.com). ‘This publication is licensed to 179 ** 61.94 LEG SA DE CV (clo Adrian Torres albar METHOD B 6. 61 SAMPLE, ‘Obuin a representative sample in accordance with Section 4 except that the sample shall have a ‘mass of approximately 7 ke (16 Ib) 7A PROCEDURE Follow the same procedure as described for Method A in Section 5, except forthe folowing: Form a specimen by compacting the prepared soil in the 152.40-mm (6-in.) mold assembly in five approximately equal layers to give a total compacted depth of about 125 mm (5 in.), each layer being compacted by 56 uniformly distributed blows from the rammer. Calculate the wet density, a8 described in Section 12 METHOD C at a2 83. 84. ‘SAMPLE Obiin a tepresentative sample. This sample must be large enough that when the oversized (etained on the 19.0-mm (in. sieve) particles are removed $ kg. (1 Ib) or more ofthe sample Diy the sample until it becomes fiable under a trowel. Drying may be in air or by use ofa drying apparatus that is maintained at a temperature not exceeding 60°C (140°F), Thoroughly break up ‘the aggregations in such a manner as to avoid reducing the natural size of individual particles Sieve soil over the 19.0-mm ("i Annex A in.) sieve. When the sample has oversized particles, see Redace the sample toa mass ofS kg (11 Ib) or more in accordance with R 76. out 92. 02, TS PROCEDURE Determine the mass ofthe mold and base plate tothe nearest I g (0.005 Ib), ‘Thoroughly mix the selected representative sample with sufficient water to dampen itto approximately four to eight percentage points below optimum moisture content (see Note 6). Form a specimen by compacting the prepared sol in the 101.60-mm (4-in. mold assembly in five approximately equal layers to give a total compacted depth of about 125 mm (Sin). Prior to ‘compaction, place the loose soil into the mold assembly and spread into a layer of uniform thickness. Lightly tamp the soil prior to compaction until it isnot in a loose or flufly state, using either the manual compaction rammer or similar device having a face diameter of approximately 50 tum (2 jn.) Following compaction of each ofthe fist four layers, any soil adjacent to the mold ‘walls that has not been compacted or extends above the compacted surface shall be trimmed using ‘kn fe or other suitable device, and be evenly distributed on top ofthe layer. Compact each layer bby 25 uniformly distributed blows from a rammer dropping free from a height of 457 mm (18 in.) abose the elovation of the soil when a sleeve-type rami is used, or ftom 437 mm ( 8 in.) above the approximate clevation of each finely compacted layer when a stationary mounted type of T 180-10 AASHTO. 2 bythe American Association of Ste Hghway and Transptaton Oi ‘Allrighs eserved. Dupin is volt of ape law‘ialandaverde@gmail.com) This publication is licensed to 179 **.61.94 LEG SA DE CV (clo Adrian Torres albar 93.4 a4. 95. 95.4 ‘amet is used. During compaction, the mold assembly shall rest firmly on a dense, uniform, rigid, and stable foundation or base. This base shall remain stationary during the compaction process (see Note 7). Following compaction, remove the collar; carefully trim the compacted soil even wit the top of the mold by means ofthe straightedge. Holes developed inthe surface by removal of coarse ‘material shall be patched with smaller-sized material. Determine the mass of the mold, base plate, !and moist soil in kilograms to the nearest |g (0.005 Ib). Calculate the wet density, pas described in Section 12: Detach the base plate and remove the material from the mold using the extruder when necessary Obtain a representative sample of the material by slicing vertically through the center ofthe ‘molded material and removing one of the cut faces (Figure 3) or from the center ofthe ple ifthe ‘molded material falls apart. Weigh the sample immediately. Determine the moisture content in acecrdarice with T 265 and record the results, ‘Thoroughly break up the remainder ofthe material until it will passa 19,0-mm (0.7S-in,) sieve and ‘90 percent of the soll aggregations will pass-24.75-mm (No. 4) sieve as judged by eye, ad a (0 the temaining portion of the sample being tested. Add water in sufficient amounts to increase the 'moisture content of he soil sample by one or two percentage points, and repeat the above ‘procedure for each increment of water added (see Note 8). When the series of determinations indicate a dcerease or no change inthe wet unit mass per cube meter (cubic foot), py, oF the ‘compacted soil perform one more determination such that there is a minimum of two dete:minations over optimum moisture, One additional determination over optimum moisture is sufficient for non-cohesive, drainable soils METHOD D 10. 10.1 ‘SAMPLE Obtein a representative sample in accordance with Section 8, except that it shall have a mass of approximately 11 ke (25 Ib). "1. PROCEDURE Follow the same procedure as described for Method C in Section 9, except forthe following: Form ‘specimen by compacting the prepared soil in the 152.40-mm (6-in.) mold assembly in five approximately equal layers to give a total compacted depth of about 127 mm (S in.), cach layer being compacted by S6 uniformly distributed blows from the rammer. Caleulate the wet density, as deseribed in Seetion 1. CALCULATIONS AND REPORT 12. 124 TSib CALCULATIONS Wet density (p) shall be determined ngrams, the unit of wet density is kilograms per cubic meter of compacted sail. For masses recorded in pounds, the unit of wet density is pounds per cubie foat of eampacted soil, Tee AASHTO the Amesican Assocation o Ste High and Transportation Officials All ighs reserved. Dupleaton sa vlton of apie lw exrialandaverde@gmail.com). ‘This publication is licensed to 179 ‘“.61,94 LEG SA DE CV (clo Adrian Torres albar 122 pi=(4—B YH o Pr = Wet density i kg/m’ (bf) of compacted soil, 4 = mass of the mold, base plate, and wet sol, B= mass of the mold, base plate, F = mold volume as determined in Section 3.1.1 for Methods A and Cor Section 3.1.2 for Methods B and D. ‘The dry density is related to the wet density as follows 2 w+ 100 100) @ whee: pa = dey density, in in kw’ (Ib) of compacted so Pe = wet density in ke’? (Ib) of compacted soil, and w= moisture content (percent) ofthe specimen, 13. 134. 13.2, 13.3. MOISTURE-DENSITY RELATIONSHIP ‘The calculations in Section 12 shall be made to determine wet density unit mass) and oven-dry ‘density (unit mas) in kilograms per cubie meter or pounds per cubic foot far each af the ‘compacted samples. The oven-dry densities of the sol shall be plotted as ordinates ard comesponding moisture contents as abscissa. Optimum Moisture Content—When the densities and corresponding moisture contents forthe soil Ihave been determined and plotted as indicated in Section 13.1, it will be found that by connecting the plotted points with a smooth line, a curve is produced. The moisture content corresponding to the peak of the curve shall be termed the “optimum moisture content” ofthe soil unde the boxe compaction, ‘Masiomum Dry Density-—The oven-dry density in kilograms per cubic meter or pounds per cubic foot af the soil at optimum moisture content shall be termed “maximum density” under the bose compaction, 14. 144 142 143. PRECISION STATEMENT Repeatability (Single Operator)—TWo results obtained by the same operator on the same sample n the same laboratory using the same apparatus and on different days should be considered siuspctif they differ by more than 0.8 percent for optimum moisture content and 29 kg/m? (1.8 RY) for maximum density. Reproducibility (Multilaboratory)—Two results obtained by different operators in different laboratories should be considered suspect if they differ by more than 1.4 percent for optimum ‘moisture and 62 kg/m’ (3.9 Ib/R) for maximum density. ‘Annex A, Oversized Particle Correction—Sinee the correction for coarse particles involves no testing but instead utilizes the results of other tests and mathematically combines the results, determination of the precision and accuracy is not applicable. Note 9Data used to develop the precision statement is from AASHTO re:source proficiency samples including results from over 300 Inboratories, The average Jensily varied from 138 10 142i and the optimum moisture content varied from 5.75 106.95 percent. Tb 118012 BASHTO {©2072 the American Assocation of Sate Highway ad Transporation Oficial ‘All igh reserved. Duplication a ilaton of gpa lawrialandaverde@gmall,com), This publication is licensed to 179 "*.61.94 LEG SA DE C¥¥ (clo Adrian Torres alba’ 15. REPORT 154 The report shall include the following: 15.4.1 ‘Themethod used (Method A, B, C, or D) 15.1.2, Theoptimum moisture content tothe nearest 0.1 percent; 15.13, The maximum density to the nearest 1 kg/m (0.1 lb/f; 15.14 Typ: of face, if other than $0,8mm (2-in,) circular; 15.4.5. Oversized particle correction: 15.41.61 ‘The adjusted maximum dry density to the nearest 1 kg/m? (0.1 Ib); 151.52. ‘The corrected optimum moisture content tothe nearest 0.1 percent: 151.53, ‘Theoversized particles to the nearest 0.1 percent ofthe original dry mass of the sample; and 15.1.5.4, Gus of oversized particles to the nearest 0.001. 16. KEYWORDS - 16.1. ‘Compaction; moisture content; sieve; soil density; sol moisture, ANNEX A - (Mandatory Information) AA. CORRECTION OF MAXIMUM DRY DENSITY AND OPTIMUM MOISTURE FOR OVERSIZED PARTICLES aA ‘Thiscetion corrects the maximum dry density and moisture content ofthe rater retained on the 475-mm (No. 4) sieve, Methods A and B: or the material retained on the 19.0-mm (i. sieve, Methods C and D. The maximum dry density, adjusted for oversized particles end total ‘moisture content, are compared with the feld-dry density and field moisture content AAA ‘This correction can be applied to the sample on which the maximum dry density is performed. ANA ‘This correction can also be applied tothe sample obtained from the field while performing in- place density. Obtain the sample in accordance with T 310, Sestion 9.6. 5 appropriate sieve. Use the alternative drying method [see S A113 Correction may not be of practical significance for materials with only a small percentage of oversized particles, Ifa minimum percentage is not specified, correction shall be applied to samples with more than $ percent by weight of oversized particles, A12, Bulk specific gravity (Gy) ofthe oversized particles is required to determine the corrected ‘maximum dry density. Ifthe bulk specific gravity has been determined in accordance with T 85, this value should he used in the calculations. For most construction activities, the specifi eravity ‘ean be assumed to be 2.600. TS1b 1180-13 AASHTO ty the American Assocation of Ste High and Trasptation Officials All gs reserved, Duplication sa ilton of apie awcom), ‘ialandaverde@gmi ‘This publication is licensed to 179 **.61.94 LEG SA DE CV (clo Adrian Torres albar AB. Determine the dry mass of the oversized and fine fractions [Miw-and Mor] ALA. rnecessary dry the fTactions, fine and oversized, in air or by use ofa drying apparatus that is ned at a temperature not exceeding 60°C (140°F), A132 Altematively determine the moist mass of both fractions, fine (My) and oversized (Mi). Obtain ‘moisture samples from the fine and oversized material. Determine the moisture content of the fine particles (MC) and oversized particles (!C¢) of the material. The moisture contents can be determined by T 265, T 217, oF T 255. If the moisture content of the oversized particles is encrally known, substitute that moisture content inthe calculations. A124, Caloulate the dry mass of the oversized and fine particles as Follows: My = My /(1+ MC) ALD where My = mass of dry material (fine or oversized particles): My = mass of moist material (fine or oversized particles); and Mc = moisture content of respective fine or oversized particles, expressed as a decimal ANA Calaulate the percentage ofthe fine particles and oversized particles by dry weight ofthe total sample as follows: P, 2100 Mae MMap + Myc) any and Pe =100 Me I(Myy + Moe) a) where: Py = percent of dry fine particles: Mov = mass of dry fine particles; Moc = mass of dry oversized particles; and Pe = percent of oversized particles of sieve used. AS. Calculate the corrected optimum moisture content of the total sample (combined fine and oversized particles) as follows: MC, = (MCP, 2 MERA ay where: MCi= corrected optimum moisture content of the total sample expressed as a decimal, MC; = optimum moisture eontent of the fine particles, expressed as a decimal, Py = percent of fine particles of sieve used, MCo= moisture content ofthe oversized particles, expressed as a decimal; and Pe = percent of oversized particles of sieve used. A16. Calealate the corrected dry density ofthe total sample (combined fine and oversized particles) as follows: D, =100 1D, k'(D,P. + P,) (ans) Equivalent formate: D, =" (ane) wher: Ds = corrected maximum dry density of the total sample, kg/m? (Ibif), TS-1b T 180-14 AASHTO {©2022 bythe American Assciation of State Highway and Transportation Oils Align ered. Duplication vilstin of apt aw‘jalandaverde@gmail.com), This publication is licensed to 179 ~* 61.94 LEG SA DE CV (clo Adrian Torres albar ‘maximum dry density of the fine particles, k/m’ (Ib), k= 1000 Bulk Specific Gravity (Gus) (ovemdry basis) of coarse particles, kg/m: or 62.4 ‘Bulk Specifie Gravity (Gs) (oven-dry basis) of coarse particles, lb/ft Pe = percent of oversized particles of sieve used, and Py = percent of fine particles of sieve used. Ts T 180-15 AASHTO 1© 2022by the American Associaton of State Highway and Transporation Oc All phs reserved Duplication sa veltion a pple lw