Rate Equations for Fluid-Solid

Catalytic Reactions
MEMBERS:
Santiago Yoset Hernandez Morgan
Jose Enrique Juarez Martinez
Jose Armando Pulido Pedraza
Jaime Yahel Nataren Lopez
Victor Jesus Nepamuceno Tuyin
Brian Jahir Soto Cruz
The simplest, entirely empirical approach would be to use the law form exponential of
the rate equation used for homogeneous reactions.

Often, but not always, this type of equation can be correlated with the experimental
velocities quite accurately, using Fewer adjustable parameters than other more
complicated methods.

When the goal is reactor design, for which calculations will be carried out with
precision of engineering for rate equation, simplicity of power law form It is very
convenient. Therefore, it is widely used in the design of industrial reactors.

These equations have been used, among other cases, to represent the kinetic data of
the water gas shift reaction using iron catalysts.
On the other hand, we can separate the adsorption and surface reaction stages. Later
use rate equations for the adsorption rate and postulate forms of the adsorbed
species and the reaction mechanism to formulate the speed of the surface reaction.

Because of these assumptions, the agreement of the resulting velocity equation is not
means that the reaction mechanism that results from these has been verified
assumptions.

Unlike the postulation of a velocity equation, the Establishing a mechanism requires

information about the adsorbed species and the way he reacts. Generally,
measurements of the speeds of reaction do not provide sufficient information in this
regard.
ADSORPTION, DESORPTION AND SURFACE REACTION RATES

This section presents the

equations for the
adsorption rates, resurface
and desorption action.

Adsorption. The net adsorption rate of a

component is given by the differential in
the following form.
where Cm C represents the concentration of unemployed centers, C.. If only
If A were adsorbed, then C - Č would be equal to C - CHowever, they can be
adsorbed also other components of the reaction, so it is necessary to write C-
C= C, where C is expressed as the concentration of unoccupied centers per
unit mass of catalyst. Then ro is given by

Surface reaction. The assumed mechanism for

surface processes will depend on
the nature of the reaction. Suppose that the
total reaction is of the following type:
Desorption. The attrition mechanism of product C can
be represented by
The expression
 VELOCITY EQUATIONS IN TERMS OF
CONCENTRATIONS OF THE FLUID PHASE
ON THE CATALYTIC SURFACE.
 final expression of velocity
in terms of fluid
concentrations.

In a stable state, the

adsorption rates are equal.
To express speed
exclusively in terms of the
concentrations in the fluid,
concentrations must be
eliminated adsorbed.
 It is important to
review at this point the
main premises involved.

1. The surface reaction is assumed to

control the rate of the three stages.

2.This equation is applied to a

simple reaction of the type
A + B -> C.
3. The concepts of adsorption and
kinetics used are based on the
theories of Langmuir Hinshelwood.
 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
OF VELOCITY EQUATIONS

There are illustrations for a single reaction

of the procedure for developing velocity
a driving force: an adsorption term:
expressions in terms of fluid properties,
based on Langmuir concepts. Yang and
HougerP have considered different classes
of reactions and mechanisms, and analyzed
the results in cases where the controlling
factors are adsorption, desertion or surface
reaction. Dividing the final equation by a
kinetic coefficient
 Before proceeding to
evaluate the constants of the
rate equations, it is useful to
consider some of the
implications of the rate
expressions from a
qualitative point of view.

The adsorption terms in the

denominator are all different. When
controlling for surface velocity, the
adsorption equilibrium groups (KiCi)
for each component are included, and
the entire term is squared, because the
reaction is between adsorbed A and
adsorbed B.
 QUANTITATIVE INTERPRETATION OF KINETIC DATA

To evaluate the adsorption rate

and equilibrium constants in
equations such as
Velocity data are needed as a
function of concentrations in
the fluid phase
 QUANTITATIVE INTERPRETATION OF KINETIC DATA

Data are required at a series To obtain the best agreement

of temperatures, in order to between the equation and the
establish the dependence of kinetic data,
these constants with statistical methods
respect to temperature.
 QUANTITATIVE INTERPRETATION OF KINETIC DATA

Minimizing deviations between

speed observed and predicted
with the equation is relatively
simple, as long as the constants
are linearly related
 Referencias bibliográficas

Smith, J. M. (1993). Ingeniería de la Cinética Química, 3a Edición, México, CompañíaEditorial Continental, S.A de C.V.

Levespiel, O. (2004). Ingeniería de las reacciones Químicas, 3a Edición, México, Editorial Limusa.

Flogler, H. S. (2001). Elementos de ingeniería de las reacciones Químicas, 3a Edición, México, Prentice. Hall.