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State hvo advantages and v?J disadvantages of-

(6 marks)
(

-
(a)
' '-
Basically cadastral survey plans and Registry Index Maps serve the same purpose'. ,
( \

f-.
. State five aspects in which the information shown on them differs. (10 marks)
~c-'-'--"- . \ US."tf] ua.,U2 .,.,
i\Cv-l...Vv...CM I I
State the purpo·se for the preparation of the following Deed plans:

'
resumption; - ---~ ~ L t ~:_j ,
/41) easement; ..- [_> f e{ 1~

~
/.)
/(_lll acquisition; -
~
deed-~fvariation. -
---~
·< "'·G.~ · <",

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·r{\lJk~ J:QJ.ec.~(
1 (10 marks)

With reference to map compilation, outline the following:

(a)

(i) homogenous derived maps;

(6 marks)
(ii) heterogenous derived maps.,
(14 marks)
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(14 marks)
explain the construction procedure of a profile .

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/ \iii) selective. - \\--~ ¾"·I.J1.. ~ o1<..~ +\r,,..t °''~ ~-\ ,-.. . •.s\~• l- ( 10 marks)
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. . .Ci'"-,rQ......._t~ '<:, "r'\ t~ 1,. a..k"' '("',.~ ,
State the revts1on policy you would choose for the follo_wing maps/plans giving reasons
for your choice:

\
(c)
LJ
. ,,,:
·o
L..

(ii)

the size .of. the sheet in degrees, minutes and seconds;

~ ~

(iv) The actual ::,~:o~aphtcal

.::,
location of the sheet in longitudes and latitudes.
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(20 marks)
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G) [,_,y ~ \ fl•-..,,.,,1 [2_,{-,,,~,u
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Tiffi I ~NYA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

DIPLOlvl A IN PIIOTOGRANIMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING

DIPLOMA IN LAND SURVEYING

CARTOGRAPHY

3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

You should have an answer booklet f or this examinat101i.

Answer any FIVE of the EIGHT questw ns in this paper.
All questions carry equal marks.
[\,Jaximum marks for each pare of a questw n are as shown.

This paper consists of 3 printed pages.

Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the
pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.

© 20/ I The Kenya Nacional Examina£ions Council

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~ F tJl,11n win o< f ne1al1zatH)II Linv111t·, :.i nc<.,e~.,aiy v p t:1al10 11 w l1011 rcduc1nb'' l1irao•
1

l
!:, 1 r.. t,1',, ..;.t- m:ips to h1.: used for the producuon of small scall! maps (8 n
) , ~J...,.:tfc..',
(b) \\ 1tte short noks on the foll owlllg l acto1s tJw l mfluence cartographic genern lm1tior1

(i)

(·1·11·) m:ip scale, oe,-11-"-

I.
"'' 5 ·µ
/'· r1~a Aob~ci:J
r -, 1 l)V\ -t½' M"'f
. . 1_ ,.. ,'r r,.J.(W11.ctJ.... C::ij -/¼
(1v) graph 1c 11m1ts. N'O-t """"' ''J ·,
~u;o,,._ 1,.. r.A..l, 'l Ce. .¼,..o C eJ._uJb.o ., &# lf n.,s , ';f-
fruw:t-' tf" -
<1J.
1 I.rt a = a.p
Calo .,..,
2 E:-.plain the four main activities involved in map production. (20 marks)

Explain giving exampl es , how each of the fol lowing van ables of lettering are applied in
mapping: ~

placement; ~ l.....,c--<.C\:h..,,..;

(20 marks)

Explain three fac or which influence the choice of map projection . (10 marks)
-:. ,, r . , ~ .
With the aid of ill strati9ns,pout11ne the aspects of cylindrical projection. (10 marks)
... ..-,r"l--A 1..-<,('-' C.H( A ,
. f\ bl ~ L/"' " b/V'I.-,..,
...-Outline any five uses of Registry Inaex Maps (RJMs). (10 marks)
- .
Write short notes on the following:

basic topographic maps; - ~ s:-R..

C."L.{ fY\c.. h ,.,
I -'
d v6-W n +o.e...o~v--e.-
Sh.~
(i)
. .b-~ C9\ (tv.'-"t I c; f'L:i n...<,+.,-q I 1 ~

(ii) thematic maps;.-::) ~~ c;,__. ~ f ' ~ ..fc i4~('J-{'n+- =c ~(..t.cl(...<.

..--f"H ~ eJ ye-- { t ,.-y-c-, p ..r •

.ii) cadastraf maps. ~ 11.-H...e Civ fY\01)?.S q'y<.l'--1 ; " \t2!L-'SRh1-. (10 marks)
) .~ .J Y1l}i?"'!'.J b ·._-.,.,...,.--9 c;-y'l.,2/ ~ l,:;~ s C"\LR

(a) State four,reasons for sho.w1n_g,ref1ef on maps. , (6 marks)

_.-.) k5J,J\-, l 0 Ce,Y0-\-'f\.-U/"1 w-- "-''""''<:..' - , f\..J._v,\.j·\+10r1
➔ --f.:_-v,,..,"\..n,,-::- J)LA-,fvc.A.. ~ Mi\\.f"':".J ~,•,~"\tlLN'

(b) -r..fsftw~" ~~thods of showing relief under eacn of the fol lowing:
iJ., L S ~ r-c,-c:-1c.. ~ .,._., ; v1 <;
qualitatively; .- 11--.:~c ,r..L ' ........J
- H-1 j/ 5 heel (J
(4 marks)
quantitatively. - sf'').. h~tjl-t-..s
_.., C c,...r...-r<f'A ,-S
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(c) 0 utl me ~tour methoJs of generating conto urs. ~ ·I'\ T-..
~?Y\.,.,-G r"'~;-f\ i'~~
r'\.,--~' (10 rnark:..J
~ - D '.5''"~\ ¾<" ..
. . --- fl"' .-u: -t---G- -~ l,Q_.(51-H.H<'.J~
~- 7 (a) D1st1ngutsh among the following types of map revisions:

.)ff quick revision;-) ~"',_~1 lL(r' ~oh:. ~ \.&.~y- S:. co-l,.. ,-,...A.~ ..r

~ revision; ➔
~°'f ~ \. ./41) partial
C ...LJ.>-~~
t'k.3
~
c:...
-
-t~~ +\,,_c..\-
I_ J;)a,.. of'-/-
o.;-M.s f-o v... rol.Di'\=€
C J...> n ,.,..,,,._~ P I tvl rjtJj
~c:,-(v--(_ eei:~-sf
"'\ Pf'f'H> 9'
~f\•\ ~ l.!.,V\..'°>f'-~d -, ~
~~,d --
--> ..
n "+- -ex·t£~,...,.'-e, ·
. )-f c~c.. ~ sv .
I - --1-

_,,,.Bi1) comple~e!p:,11 r~v1s19n.-),--~{r c ,...,...<2..Q. ~ c.,,k,->"'--5"~ en J (9 marks)

1... D
c~J;. .o-.~J el~ ~(\tu ~-+t...cL r<i\..:;:,,,P . ww"' c.1-'9.~j<, (o--....,t'-....r 7°Lo 1
Jo) Explain the criteria most su itable for each of the revision policies.-i-u. ,. . .___.. _ P
1
• (11 marks)
•
·- ~ l \ L.e'., Cc_.....,_+, Y\..,( Cv\....J
8 (a) A sheet has the following reference: NA - 37 - 10 - sP-eJ-..e.,f-1 v e
. ~-I:~
_w. Explain the parameters in the reference. 'l'i A;- ~ Yh ha "'t"f\Uf~ ~- '- ·k. r

-?,--:J, ~ C'_,,qL,, A ;z__c,~

I tv'\ 1,-J ,
o

State th e scale and the size of th_e map_. - I \J - -Sk.eu ,

Fl§· o a~ra
1 ~
{m) List the four adjoining sheets : G (I I 'f , (10 marks)
/

(b) Explain the principles of photo mechanical process in map reproduction. (10 marks)

r
,J j\ - r-{h~ -r YI h...9-_ 'fV\ t S f h__Q ~ • ki ~7"' )

37- - z._-o--.."-Q__.
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 30-l
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iRTOGRAPHY
Jct./Nov. 2010
finie: 3 hours

THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

. DIPLOMA IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING

DIPLOMA IN LAND SURVEING

CARTOGRAPHY

3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

You should have the following for this examination .-

Answer booklet;
Scientific calculator.

Answer any FIVE of the following EIGHT questions.

4ll questions carry equal marks.
·- Maximum marks for each pG.rt of a question are as shown.

This paper consists of 5 printed pages.

Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the
pages are printed as indicated ::rnd that no questions are miss ing.

<!a.,,. 20 IO The Kenya -\iauonc.l F-...urru:;anons Council Turn o-, er

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lkhne th tam "plonable enor · - 1\~ el '1 r} ,1'"j r c,r-'1- ")
l,--) '-4 r0~ '• (. ,
li ) f"\ I

\""-"'>;- ~ ~Ia f"""- ),/\ •

If the expei_;te<l accurdcy 1or plottmg is 0.2mm, calcu!Dle the magnitude of
thl accuracv on the oround in metres al scale J ·50,000.
• / ~ S <-;; c-v-V - (5 maiks)
w Q.
-J... I ii
-
t•-v IJ
\ 1th the aid of a diagram, descnbe th~ procedure of constructing a scak !me
at 1.80,000 r.o show whole kilometres given thal the space available for the
construction 1s 19 cm. (] 5 marks)

Note: DO NOT carry out the actual construction.

2. (a) Fig.1 shows the graticules of a map projection.

(i) Name the projection. - E -c•~.

(ii) Outline the characteristics of the projection named in 2 (a) (i) above.
(10 marks)

90°N

60°N

30°N

o·

3o•s
I
60°S

I i
I
0
go•s
W180 0
, 50 120 90 ()
30 0 ..,Q
')
60 90 'l20 150 1so E 0

Fig. 1

(b) Explain the following in relation to the UTM Grid:

0- ~ ,:;;1. 4 G,
(i) Scale fac~or;
Central Meridian (CM); = s '--'-:-(;!) c-0
(i1)
(iii) False orioio·
. 0 ' _, f"= , I , I
1,_:..:,1.,,.__,'-g'-j;"~7
,,.,0 1~~
(iv) Eastmgs; Y-..
( v) Northings. _ D [)--0--r~ (10marks)
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' 't- D1st111gui h b l \\ n I pnntrno and ~>' ,prrn111111
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9
~h t h'-P,~, ,._, \?\' )l'
V ") I l \ J I

/4 •I .._,"'\\s~e,
D scnbe thre re\ lSIOD )::.tems gl\ mg rn1pl c; wher nch (. n' dppl1 d
J

(] I ffid.f' J
IV\ c.u <"t- \ cl I)._

4.

(1)
(It)
1

(ii t) half tone 0 Ir) c.., u i)),--os•- P~, c ·I-€ c. lrt 'r\' '1 .,--.:_ -fl---,: --i- ( 5 marks)
s·,-,...'\'-,\°14"--'5 rt>n+1Y--tv"'-"') -tv""-'- 1f"\.C..;'"t":_j {h ~ ... ~-\-'\._,
\\.~ <:\- c\..4--y
(b) E;,._plain when each of the following 1s SLutably used in map reproducuon
operations:

(i)
(ii)

(i) flat-bedoffsetpress, -r'/0~ nc:•~',lft

l le,,,~'"'
iri:-- "t'""'-· ... -

(ii) fO[ary single colour offset presJ~ , ,G: ~'ft--,--

felt( _6(c,'\~f-

(9 marks)
., 8
- 1:,1_""' '-'-i-
. - Pl-.u::_s; ft-- s,,~.. ~-n ~ /\1 •.sf½.~
S. A map has the following sheet reference; SA -_,6-4. , _ z
"d•·~t;. .... -~ .?, .
6 0 6
Lr - l~
Explain the derivation of the sheet indexing:v,. ~~ "-
State the sheet indexing used; I\. X I J
' • l)

.) i 1
Give the sheet dimensions (size) in degrees, minutes and seconds: l 56 O<- -f.. c-t: 'tn '
Draw the sheet lines and show the corner values in latitude and longititude:
Draw a diagram showing the index IO adjoining sheets in the series.,·
(7
0 '°'1 '\ =i 5, , , 3 /
1
't-
rs=-
• ,..,.,_'-'(.
. ,,_..,~-
__2;..~.t ,-';
'··gGo;.J
·, .--
r-.--'!-1,-,.fj>
.!-.-..o I , ,J--:..1/--. l ·' c,-,, f'"
6.
. . s. ,':~
. -:::;::=:=::= "<t<:_;_. .( s \ \ s <· ~
J,\;.J!-' 1- ) / . .s,. \1:,--v ,-;
D1strngu1sh between qual_1lauve and quantJ.[at1ve rnetnbcts of relief
representation giving two examples.in each.case.
(4 marks)
\ ~Uu\\'lc/ A

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if: \
<>!.

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d ,a .. J,,..,)

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tb) lame the method you would choose for relief representation on the ioJiowing
maps below giving one reason m each case for your cboice.

0 N1ap of Atlas page l :3,000,000; 5 ["J 0'~ l101t'J'-.-,-

AA Aeronautical chart of East Africa·, v lh )\; ::/
,,,~ ..

(iii) Tounst map of Aberdares and Lake Nakuru National Parks;

(iv) Map for planning of rice irrigation project,,...... c,,:n/tv;-✓ _
(12 marks)

(c) Interpolate the contours using the spot heights given ·in Fig.2 and sketch the
corresponding perspective view of the terrain portrayed. (4 marks)

60
/ ~--------

5'0 __.... so
./ .... ·-

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DIPLOMA 11 I ('1'1ff'OCIO\PIIY 'Vl ,\()' ('

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ho111 s

J.:--;s1 RU TIONS TO CAN1)JDATES

You should have Lhefollowmg/01 this exam 1nnr1on

Answer booklet
Drcrwmg sei

Answer any FIVE offollowing EJGIIT questwns

All questions carry equal marks.
Maximum marks for each part of a question ore as shown

'J lw, pap1•1 consists of 1 p1i111(d p:lgl's.

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 l

(I 2 marks)

(6 marks)
2. ~ Describe the three methods of representing scales on ID?,P~-
~ .s:,...,._ t-e. ""'-'-""°"" ' - ~ ..._5>- c:,-~ -; G-, \ s c-. ~ \ ) '-<-/
- ~ - .· ~~;,__ .
~ y-7 Wim. ~ aid of illustrations, explain t.h.e followmg terms.
L'fC- !,,", C; ~ i\M~~~ . ~
.:;.--'r,Cu L . ..
,,..-
r.. --
r/
.!1) jr\_- ~ - Right reading negative image ~ ~
~Ls' o~ S:.e-Q ...---1 .ht)' Mirror reversed positive image ~
~ ¾~ i ~ (iii) Hold out mask .
. ~"-:~J
~
, r:J;.?, ,.__~
c.g;, (iv) Open W1ndow mask. (12 marks)

/\;;v-~~ /(c) (2 marks)

..,
J. (a) .,,:-iP (4 marks)
- ..,..r

eiB<'~~) (4 marks)

y;
4. (a)

~ Describe how the scale of a 1;50,000 topographical sheet is derived from the
intemationa~ ~ap oft.he World (IMW).
Scale 1:1 m1l110n
lro tJ e - 3 (· (16 marks)

5. ~J
( ' Explaii;,. the importance of Map Revision. . iti7r. ~OT ..?·,' . I • J
(4 marks)
'-j:: -N V'-1
- · ,-. u,..Lf-
I °''-""~
L,
.__.
u::i_,
'' S'-t-~,v-d ~... -\ ,..
,......_Q-,"""~ Ic--'-"
n.,< .,
I
-\_,\fclCy~ ~ - . ~ · -c'0l'Y'lti<:\_q~ q u · r,-~c-..~..__,~Si'\..>'< c---vv"\~ [ "lbQ -
fa; Omhne the policies of M~p Revision. s --,~'"'rt ' -j "in- · ( 6 marks)
- C _j G-'- \ e, ~ [.'~~•1'\.1/..<--"Vu

-~jc) Des~~--:-a positive right reading image would ,be produced using a
negative photographic film . D W - ::::i~..,.U cr,.:3 - \.,J~s"" ~.,.,,, (10 marks)
~ j) - .5-tc,f b"".1'--\... _ oi Yj .,.. -.__J

. _-t . -f{).ir-.J ~ -
6. ~ Outline fo u r methods of show111g relief on maps. (8 marks)
- L"';~-ht"°';::) -s('-,-7- ~i5'\.,,_.l..... ,.... C c.~V\,.....;r'\ -\.-,~ (),,,,.......-,,-,.,- .
- ~.\, S'--.""""'' ~_j - r-<- 01 C:. d .~ - -f (.,-< SV, ) l ~
.,_.,o
,,.... ..J - '--<.. '-"--> -
(b) Outline fo ur methods of generating contour lines. (8 marks)

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(") Poirns ,.\ , 8, C, D m Fig l ar.:: observ2.tiom taken from the f1eld for 1.he purpose
of mt~rpolating comou; lines Figure 2 a11d Figure 3 are ilie lvvo possible ways oi
the resulting contow Imes. B) calcula1ions, detennin.e the correctly ioterpo;a.ted
comour lines for a value of 25

19.A B,33
,/ I

. Field Observations
1

~31

Interpolated Contour lines

;LJ 33 19
33

~ i
--f- I

I
I

~
1·
l

l 29 29 23

Fig 2 Fig 3

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1
--
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u,c; Lrle 01 ow111g using a house:

I
p1ctonal point symbol: 9-
geometnc point symbol;
leuer/number point symbol. 11 c (3 marksJ
[70

1/t/2 Explain the follov..,ing as used in mapping giving one example in each case.

M
(rt)
~ (iii)
Qb(iv)

Draw the conventional signs for the following features in the official
Topographic map 1:50,000 Y73 l series:
j ).,--eQ ·l) /
(i) riverine trees; ~ -·-
(ii) coffee plantation; 1/l;t:;i· .- .5 'ye--'<'___..\ I

(iii)
(iv)
rail ways, level crossing;·
ferry vehicular;·
~ ~ ~-~! ~
- . ·--
' i C,J. . f--.-
j;.

(iv) power transmission line.

Specify the respective colours used. (8 marks)

.8. Describe the following stating authorities responsible for the preparations:

bo_undary plan~; 2>

ba_ckground plan; ~~
development plan-:-::-":>

~ ~J._ - v-r.r< \:J ~....'-e__l \ C,_ 31 ·

\ . V- ~· ./\. - '\, \2- - ~
'-0,l- \_.. C.1."("",."- ,I"\\.-- \ .__a,. r""_ \ , . ; - '
v\. , C,Q_,, Y:, ,
('(,'-_,.. \ v-. 'Q.,"<f\"'.... ~ \_ Q :::,v-->·

(b) Differentiate between Registry Index Ktlaps (R.J.Ms) aid Preliminary Index
Diagrams (P.I.Ds). (5 marks)

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 V \j;B/ \VJth rhe ;11(1 of ii! ust.rnuons. descn be \-lap ProJectJons with reference to ih~
/ ,.. Ol,"-•v<..
_/ rollowing. }'" . c."' L
~ IL.. (',;n.-1

~
· , / ueve1opa
· b"Je surr~aces c:,L 1
J!1 · "' · ,...,·t "-"L

(ll) Aspects of Azimuthal Projections< (20 maiks)

Define the following

4 /.(ii-~1') Line tone

(iv) Continuous tone
[ (v) Half tone (10 marks)

B (c)
&:I
'0\
I·"'-

5. -f Ca)
(b)

Eas~ment - f: bLLi r.;1../

Acquisition- ~-~·d,
Deed of variatidn. (10 marks)
·- i . .
I \ { ,<✓
, 0 ,:, \.0
(.!' -

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 b State tvro reasons \Vh} scak. G11largcm1;n1s are n~1t r"commer1d1;;d dur;ug m::ip
comptlauon. _ iY\"j"'~i'c,,--1 ,,J'~ - ~~r"1" · (3 rno.1ksJ
- d,s c-...ef~(u-<. f"\U' ~ ~~- i=-0!"(1-V.,-(..r' l,.JV'\; C \,., W'<-1>-{ vf--~·
J' •""--'-.. "\ "\ \ Y' $ I .l.l--t_

\Vi.th the aid of d,..1agram, explain scale change by u~mg pantogrc.iph

7'f ~~ ILQL•rJ ("'"~ (]2 mar!rs)
~~ (-<f\, ., t,
5 ~"\>, c
l\.'leasurernents made between two points A and B, both 1den11 liable on a map
.
and aerial photograph are as follows.

map distance - 6 cm
-- aerial photograph 48 cm
scale of map - 1:25 ,000
·0)" -
\.-' Calculare the scale ot the aenal photograph.

/
7. Distinguish between Basic and Denved Maps. (5 marks)

(b\ Explain the following map g_eneralization processes:

~
Selection
Symboiization
~) Simplification ..../.
· Jr;>}:._ Combination
(15 marks)

8 ~ With the aid of illustration, explain the cartographic communication systems.

~'ls~
~
c,cJ·,o..s~_.r1,-,t.c -
cr<\C!L Ph c,,-,
®- ~e.,:u\r\?y::r'
C. c."'-Ld'+1 <-<-I
(9 marks)

(b) Outline the following measurement levels of 0 eooraphical

~ 0
data oivin 0o
0 ~

examples in each case.

(i). Nominar~ '(1.,roI 1I '-). '1f1v,,C

/
/41) Ordina1
(1i1) Ratio
(1v) Absolute quantities
(v) Relative quantities (11 marks)

J
I j
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 10/304
:.H21304
CARTOGRAPHY
,f/{P Oct./Nov. 2007
El Time: 3 hours

THE KENYA NATIONAL EXA1v1INATlONS COUNCIL

DIPLOMA IN PHOTOGRAMlVIETRY AND RElYIOTE SENSING

DIPLOMA IN LAND SURVEYING

Ci\RTOGR.A.PHY

3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CAl"iDIDATES

You should have rhe fo!!owing for this examination:

Answer booklet
Scientific calculator.

Answer any FIVE of the following EIGHT questions.

All ques£ions carry equal marks.
lvfaximum marks for each part of a queslion are as shown

This p:iper consists of 3 printed pages

Candid:1tes should check the quesrion paper to ascertain that all the
p,lges are printed as indicated and no questions are missing.

© 2007 T~c: Xer:yo. iva,,ona! ExDm!r.al,Ons Courci! Turn over

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 (a)

(j rnai
(b)
Using freehand lerreilno::,,

0-
:.:: (IO rnarks 1
F

\
I
I
I
I

;==:::==============i/ E X r'l-v 0

1
I
i
Map 1

A - Kandecwa
::,
A, B, C, D ... Social Centres 8 - Ramula
r-
\..,- Chwele
E, F. . . ..... Direct,onal Names D - fu!u
E- ,.,.
G, H .......... Port Towns ~oru
F- Kapsoit
J ....... ... .. River
G- 1'.fosoma
K ... Area H- Karungu
r
J - Miriu
K- Nyakach

-p,c__f--u,.-,·c.,L S::V"~.1, ..1J -

- A--1 f /...'-c..-n V\ ~.,..... l -tfrv,~ .fl ..s

- l:0_u~0 C,. Jjn-ti:,'l.J
2310-12/304
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... ,
'
~(\
\
¼
(

2~
~

~
Shape p~:"\--$ L1~ <j.,;~J
Dunension ~ t~ tLJ (6 'T!arhJ

Describe a topographic map wi~h reforence to the followmg:-

:') "'·""'""~-"\' -:::cd

F eatures shov..11 on the map < cu1 +,...,.-, LR""--tv-----"

Uses of the map _ r-.,,~- 1- .

(20 marks)
- ~, \,rn,LR. n <;;-".~'"::""~-
~)Lkf..~~ fq.c.,tu---..-
.__,. i'""
4. (a) \Vith reference to map compilation, explain. the followmg -
:f'.\..<>.>-c-}
~.\-'I CCI'~"'""'
Darn evaluation t:> '\.-¥'- ev"', ,~~~­
Dar.a analysis· ;::, '-r\ •-. C.<'l.°''':J ,r, ·, (10 marks)
D ._, \-c. ~r,'r",-'rl ,.:_ ,
• • • .-- ..S c 0\ <....,;:_ , ...:i q_ ~v S 1~ -
%) Out!me four factors affectmg ~ap generahsac1on. _ flM"'"' SA-
0
-c." v--<n \:- -0.\....LJ:...-
(ii'f/ State any rwo st2.ges of execunng generalisation. -, r.c.,_s t-~
: ~ ~ - c1i.'l<.,\Q ~C---1.!:-
(10 marks)
~ """'-~\... S C~u:._ ..
- i_.-y-,,,.o r,°" L ~ c.:=:_~.,

5 Using examples. compare mtemat1onal sheet indexing and local sheet

i.ridexino at the scale of 1:100,000 and 1:50,000 J. 1
,t A (10 marks)
Ac - ~:J i::, J • 1
--.J
1
i'J A - 3 4 - G of rJ A. -:l; i, ../ ' 1:,, fV "-3 fo - (ao /'L
~ ~ "z. ---· . I~ - l. • -p -:- IV - ,.,.,. E ,, I

Usfug 1llustrat1ons, descnbe~e UTM co-ordmale system. 1_10 rn3rks)

With the aid of iliustranons, describe the quaptitative methods of representing

,fa
relief on topographical maps. 7 f9: L-.....i.
-· C.i<Yrt-D 1-i'>-"('"s -
•5¼-\- , (20 marks)

CY

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~310/30..i
,2_~ 12:30-i
CARTOGlU.PH\
Oct L ·o\. 2006
Time: 3 hours

THE KENYA NATIONAL EXA.lvilNATIONS COUNCfL

DIPLOMA IN PHOTOGRA.lv1METRY ANTI REMOTE SENSiNG

DIPLOl\rlA IN LA~l) SURVEYmG

CARTOGRAPHY

3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

You shculd have rhefollowingfor this e:mmination:

Answer booklet
Drawing instruments

Answer any FIVE of rhefollowing EIGHT questions.

All questions cany equal marks.
iv!aximum mark.s for each po.rr of a question are as shown.

This paper consists of 3 printed pages

Candidates should check the question paper to ensure that aJl
the pages an; printed as indicated and no questions a.re missing.
© 2006 Tn11 Kenya Na,ional EramiP..c,.tions Co,.r.c,1

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r ' I

( )

(i1)

(UI)

(b)

(iii)

2.

Wa(erproofin..~--,\~,R C-,~ r I \c.. t.A-;~(L,I.... C.~ ', l"\S~v:~-u._ •1n

W"'\~ -.jr W\.--<. Y"\. ·-..f i' ~ +- c;l ~ , ,':::) """"°" ~ c..{__ •
ph01.o opaquing
. solution➔bl+..s "" \\j "'-~ ~"'S
"""--\"'o,,._,._ ..,......, ,
,
,,.,,z .s ·,l-\.,-t
I '
v<j o.t ""- f"') ° F"''1-<..
e tCtung
h. m.Ks
· , ....::-✓ -1,""--"x_ ,C-,~ l~\l
, v~"-\,~<:,t.., \;>Wl..-\ G,_f)"'_:j
- -j-., c:l,'l-'=-"'"-")~
-...,,

~ °'K.Y>.<>...e.... \-t: Cc.-.......-YU c.U. -+'-t. IV"\..t>,'t-cv,..~ ,

water colours '3> 1u 1,z c..~ ·1'<'\\<...s tr ~c:.'-- -tu.. d...-{"'--!:':::::) ~ (8 marks)
v-f"\\-€-, q-~ ~ l 'C\\c.... \J' '2.9 ,'--""'--l '

With the aid of sk:tches, gfScribe the dimensional st:ructur~ of geographical data.
r-1~,h'I+ 6~~
Y,-.;t''l - . :lb. ~
I I'{, ~ - { ,
c; ~'-(_.
[
1,·n1-1~""-'0 (.;_
-.5 c-{,
~
(12 marks)

.-fo'r Using a table, show the relationship between meas~e!!}e t ~~el and dimensional
characteristics of geo~aphical data. - ; ~ ' · <U:J- ,,.,. ....._ =1- rg marks'
~ - .__...,..-,.,, 1""'-i.. - :::;r, "'-":l.... ..., c4.~~+"""-1·!..' /
if> - '1._<--"'11.".\-c,➔, -re, ~<'"\ --.,~ f:-f'·'l"',h~
"l •':J l
Distinguish-,6"""9<--<...-
between the two different types of map compilation. i,>........, (8 marks)
- ;)eri.viL c~ _ _ _ _
(D)
A topographic map at an ongmal scale of 1: 12),000 rs to be produced at final scale of
l: f million. Using Flow Charts, explain the options of generalization stages lb.is map
r~
,, V , ,~would
._..; ...,., \- \>f 42<. " ,go
) f '
through before the preparation ofr compilation
. mai1uscript, stating. the
aavane,, es and disadvantages o eacn. - "~~L ,
0
. ,,~ ,-,., (12 marks)
..J{_J
V · ,.:>"-.)':, -t'-' I f\a,('~, ,; o . -_ c , ~ i ~ c-,\ "'\=z
\ "I.~~-"°"''
f h . d
v.)_.-J\0 -..
5_ ® y) Outline the hiswry o_ s eet m ex.mg.
(6 marks)
(b)
Wid1 the aid of a diagram, describe the UTivI grid system.
(14 marks)
~

y;~f ,J'
°r\ ,,~---- ,I
b
23 JO - 12/304

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 (ii)
(4 marks)

(4 marks)

(8 marks)
8. (a) Wirh reference to map projectioils, definer.he following terms:

Graticule - ~t,.,<-~
- , a ~ llx:fl~ c;... ~. ·r e - t , 1e.u Yl.-f) ~
t )~-
~ '/· v re, r"'i 10
""IY"\..,;,\ N---.--: ~ l "t~ ---/{.-l. ~ Jyy,,' "n dY) -S'"'""--"'I 11 S'cc.... i__.Q__ •
Grea[ circle __ [-'r...s +u. +G. e c; t-t ~ - , ; {, ~ ~ s---t-L, :i---.

~) Conformaii[y _ A A:Jw ~ L( ~ 'VfLo{ ~

~ Azimuth
(8 marks)
(b) Distinguish between the foUowing map projections.

(i) The Mercator n..~ ( c~

U ~L-r{c.""'-l.,
· - ~ -¾ UL
Dis 1----."'<-'-- E:'5\_~ -
(ii) ~-A::~ q_~{' L,,._f->,...1' Ifrv... c\.~n>-,.y C--r-c,,l 1 Y'-U'L..R.-'-J..{' c-,_..__'1
Transverse Mercator:- 'Y"-'""-vV l:J "L.~Y--r-"'°-") (12 marks) -f~~
- cl'~ l--c..-,...,_0; '''--Z ---f-~ c1 L<"D kc..e...l..'.h:: Ct',"'<')-\..-"'.\ Kr{Ci 1'i.~

- ~ ~/2-u;{
' ,-.. , I
PUL&--('.. v-'Lc j cr-JQ_y -.!.- f""-t \ I C\ LQ..."', ,

23 l O- 12/304
3 I -

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 Hl.30-t
_;CJO-t
C.-i.RT0GR~H\
Oct.;, 1 o,. 200-t
Time: 3 hours

THE KEN-YA NATIONAL EXA.MINATIONS COUNCJL

'-.l'.
DIPLOMA IN PHOTOGRAl'vllV1ETRY AlTu REMOTE SENSlJ.~G (
,.;
<2Ti
/
DIPLOlvlA IN LAND SURVEYING

CARTOGRAPHY

3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

You should have the following for this exam.inaLion:

Answer booklet

Answer any FIVE of the following EIGHT questions.

All questions carry equal marks.
Maximum mer.ks for each part of a question are as shown.

This paper consis ts of 3 printed pages

© 200-1., The Kenya Na tional Examinan·ons Council
'•~ "--

Generated by CamScanner
 (i)
( ll I Slab Scnpt
(1ii) Descender
(iv) Type face
(IO marks)
(v) llalics

(b) .
Lettering on maps cau be used as a visual · bl e rn
vana · 1·rse lf to shovl the followin°:
;:,

(i) Namre of the feature

(i1) L-npona.i.1.ce of [he feature
(iii) Location of the featu.re
(iv) Extent of the feature

Explain how the above is achieved. (10 marks)

(a) Explain FOUR methods of deducing the scale of a map. (12 marks)

(b) A racing momrist travelling at 100 kmh covers a straight horizontal leng[h of a road
between two points A and Bin 6 minutes. _If the distance on the map between A and B
measures 5 cm, determine the scale of the map. (8 marks)

(a) Cadastral survey plans and Registry Index Maps serve the same purpose of backing land
registration. State FIVE respects in which the information shown on them differs.
(10 marks)
(b) Explain why the following deed plans are prepared:

(i) Resumption
(ii) Easement
(iii) Acquisition
(iv\
' I
Deed of Variation
(10 marks)
4 (a) State the facEOrs that influence the rale at which maps go om of dace.
(4 marks)
(b) A map at a scale of 1:50,000 is out of date and has to be revised. All the new
information has been plotted photogrametrically in pencil on transparent material at the
same scale as Lhe existing map. The original separations exist as ink drawino-s on
transpare~t material right reading. There is no exaggeration involved but reiister of
colour 1s important.
Explain how rhe map would be revised using analogue methods. (16 marks)

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 In preparrng small sc..2.k map~ r·ictn large scale: mv.ps. detail shO\\•] on the Lirgc.: scale maps :s
subject to

Selection
Simplificatior1
(1ii) Exaggeration
(iv) Ccil 11entionalizatioo

Explain each of the above (erms. (20 marks)

6. Describe the UTNI Grid Referencing System. (20 marks)

7. (a) Define the following terms:

(i) Graticule
Grid
False origir.
(iv) Grid Coordinates (8 marks)

Outline what Survey Regutations specify regarding the drawing of cadastral plans on
the following:

(i) Type of coordinmes to be used for plotting

(ii) Erasures
(iii) Type of inks
(iv) Corrections
(12 marks)
8. (a) ~ Outline the main features of the following types of maps:

(i) Topographic maps

. (ii) Cadastral maps
(10 marks)
(b)
With the aid of diagrams, explain the following as used in symbolization for maps:
(i) Poim symbols
(ii) Line symbols
(lii) Area symbols
(10 marks)

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 I
noI JO-l
1

_;I2i304
CARTOGRAPHY
Oct./Nov. 2003
Time: 3 hours

THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

DIPLOlYIA IN LAND SURVEYING

DIPLOiVIA IN PHOTOGRAl\.flYIETRY AND REMOTE SENSING

CARTOGRAPHY

3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CA.t"{DIDATES:

You should have the following for this examinacion:

Answer booklet
Scientific calculator.

J'\.I1swer any FIVE of the following EIGHT questions.

All questions carry equal marks.
Maximum marks for each part of a question are as shown.

This paper consists of 3 printed pages

@ 2003, Tl-:e Kenya Nafrona! £;:.am!nat!ons Council
Generated by CamScanner
 y

(i) l'omt.nlation
(u) bll drawrng
(ui) Pos1l1ve nnagc
(iv) 1r.1t1culc
('-') Ncg,1t1vi.; unagc (10 marks)

(b) Ont\111 fOUR properties desirable in a good drawing material. ( 10 marks)

(a) E. pL.lm what a deed plan is. (2 marks)

(b) E"\.plain why the following deed plans are prepared:

(i) Resumption
(i1) Easement
(iii) Aquisition
(iv) Conversion (8 marks)

(c) Basically Cadastral Survey plans and Registry Index maps serve the same
purpose. Outline FIVE ways in which the information shown on the~
differs. (IO marks)

3. Maps are normally drawn at scales different from those of the source material.

(a) State FOUR methods that can be adopted to effect any scale change. (4 marks)

(b) Describe the method of scale change that requires the LEAST equipment.
(10 marks)

(c) A racing motorist travelling at l 00 kph covers a straight horizontal lengrh

of road between two pomts A and Bin 6 minutes. If the distance A and
B is 5cm on a map, determine the scale of the map. (6 marks)

4. (a) Define the following:

(i) Derived map

(ii) Basic map
(4 marks)

(b) With reference to map generalization, explain the following:

(i) Symbolization
(ii) Selection
(iii) Exaggeration
(iv) Simplification
(16 marks)

5. (a) With reference to cartographic map revision, outlme the following:

(1) Cyclic revision

(ii) Continuous revision
(iii) Selective revision
(10 marks)

2310-12/304 2

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 Ex.plain the rev ts ton poltcv thm would 1,e ''pp lied 1r, t·•,,. • ,.. th
following: - L c..:. • 1.c: r..,v11.i!on or e

Cadas tral plans

Topographical fviap series .
(10 marks)

\Vith the aid of sketches, describe the Local Sheet Nwnbering System
(20 marks)

7_ Describe the following methods of relief represented on maps:

(")
,1 Hill shading
(ii) Layer tintin.g
( iii) Hachuring
(iv) Contouring
(v) Rock drawing (20 marks)

8. (a) Lettering on maps can be used as a visual variable in itself to show the
following:

( i'I
•J
nature of the feature
(ii) importance of the feature
(iii) location of the feature
(iv) the extent of the fearure

Explain how each of them is achieved. (10 marks)

(b) With reference to 11.fap

iv
P•ojections, outline the following:
- ,

(i) Azimuthal
(ii) Conical
(iii) Cylindrical
Equidistant (10 marks)
(iv)

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 "
04
µtfOGRAPH\
ocr ·ov. :?002
r;111 e: 3 hours

THE KEN\' AN A.TlO'\AL £X;\.MINATJON5 COUNCIL

DIPLOI.VlA IN LAND SURVEYl;'\IG

DIPLOMA lN PHOTOGRAM.METRY AND R.ElVIOTE SENSING

CARTOG RA.PHY

3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

You should have the fo\iowing for this examination:

Answer bookiet
Graduated ruler

Answer any FIVE of the following EJGHT questions.

All questions cmry equal marks.
Maximum marks for each part of a question are as shown.

This paper consists of 3 printed pa ges

© 'Oul Tt,e 1. c11, a N<1r;o1wl Ew,11111011011~ Cc>unct'

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 ..
•.11,·1..· 1'ci .•11c11i l 1H!llid:1t1clt1 , ck ,uilH how ~~efl' rnl1nt11u11,, cl le, led
\'v1tl.t t I (ID111:11k)

(h)

(a) Des 11bt> th,· de:,11ahk p1opc1t1 cs 01r ci1.ivm1g 111.i,er1,1

• ls· l"(J!li1
1 ,
.... ed ro, !lit;,. flfOducrwn
( 1:l r11;u k )
ot a 1r11tlt1 co lo111L·d n1ap

(b) Outlin i,()LJ t~ types ol 1nh tliat woulcl IJc used 111 2 (a) abovt.:. (8 rriark :-.i)

3. (a) Wtth rLfe1cnce to int~rnationnl ca1tog1apliic conventions, dlw,lralc. l1ow the

following r~aturcs would be prcsenced on maps.

(i) International Road

(ii) Mass of water body (4 marks)

(b) Outline the advantages and disadvan tages of the following methods of scale change.

- Graphical
- Mechanical
- Optical
- Automated (16 marks)

4. (a) (i) Seate TWO uses of each of the following maps

- Topographical maps
- Atlas maps

(ii) Differentiate between the types of fea tures found on topographical maps.
giving two examples of each. (8 marks)

(b) Describe the importance of visual variables m map design. (12 marks)

5. (a) Define the following terms as used m map production.

Masking
- Drop-ins
- Fair-drawing
- Positive Image. (8 marks)

(b) (1) State the factors that influence the rate of change rn maps.
-Tu yc:,_\cQ ~ cl.9-)J e I Df ~-rq- \YI °',y; o,~,
- 14.) 5 co._ ui. 'f. -t-L~ fV\. o-, p .
D1stingu1sh between partial revision and co~elete revision
(4 marks)
/c) Outl1nc the characrenst 1cs of th~ Marcato1 s p10Jec ti on (8 marl--s)

23 I 0- l by
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 F:om th~ g1 en sp, 1t h~t 0 hl~ til. Fig 1, czary out Jpp1llAi1,1'1[(' 1nteip ,lauon o! contou,
lines at an ,me1 vaJ ot lO rn

Constrnct a profile a1o~g AB (20 mark(,)

ldentify the sheet marked A 1n Fig 2 ind1CaLing 1l:i scale and the type of
rndex.ing system.

LJ__--1f---.----,100
A 1°

.
L--t--Jo,,c---f--1 4 s

L---1.---::;--=---1---~42°E
36 °E

FIG 2

(ii) Show its adjoining sheets ..

(iii) Show how it is broken down to 1:50,000

(iv) State the location of the last sheet in the break down. (20 marks)

8. Using illustrations, ex.plain how geographical data can be represented using the various
types of cartographic symbols. (20 marks)

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)ct.,:'\ O\. 200 l
r;mc: 3 hour

THEh.EN\At \l'lO ' \LF~\i\llNAl'IO NSl'O IJ1 < {L

DlPLOl\lA IN L \ 1 D SlJRVFYI1 C
DIPLOiVIA IN PHOTOGR,\MlVlETRY D REl\10 I~: I•, ~I\(,

CARTOGRAPHY

3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDID.ATES :

You shoLlld have the following for this exammat1on:

Answer booklet
Scientific calculator.

Answer any FIVE of the foliowing EIGHT questions.

Al! questions carry equal marks.
Maximum marks for each part of a question are as shown.

This p:1p er consists of 3 printed pages

© ZOO I If:,_ .~ ,, ,, "'' ,'vurw,wl £ .tC1mflWUrJ,1s Council

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 .....
<tr

I
_
1r.wl1 1L1TT1ll1
r
"
1, 1 ' icin m,n, be c ecuted (I·! nr·•rk~ '9 .<..J--..
..__
, )e (pbe 1h-- I HP EE rrc)cec:~
l)ef,ne the fuliowmg [1;;rms
t1) Drop-m5
tu) tvlino1-re"ers1...d nnage
(rn) lap margin
(iv) Open window mask.
(8 mark,)

-- Mercator proicction.
2 (a) Outline the charactenst1cs of Um versa J 1rnnsverse 1 J marks)
110

(b) Explain the following properties of map proJect1on:

(1) Equivalent ,
(ii) Conformal
(iii) Equidistant.
( l O marks;

3. With refer,ence to relief representation:

(i) Outline the construction of a profile from a map
(ii) State the best position of placmg spot heights.
(20 marks)

4. (a) Omline the breakdown of the Local Numbering System m sheet indexing, from
l :50,000 to 1:2,500 scale. (12 marks)
(b) Explain the TWO types of map compilation. (8 marks)

5. (a) Exp!ain the necessity of using convemional signs in map making. (4 marks)
(b) Show how the following features would be represented on a Thematic map,
both qualitatively and quantitatively, stating the visual vanables used.
(i) Areai - maize
-wheat
-nee
(ii) Linear - all weather road
- dry weather road
- motorable track
(iii) Point - higher learning institutions
- secondary schools
- primary schools
( 16 marks)
6 (a) Outline rhe purpose of the following:
(1) Topographical maps
(ti) Cadastral plans.
(15 marks)
(b) Outline FfVE sources of mappmg data.
(5 marks)
2310-12/30~

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 (6 1narks)
Differentiate between 111ap product1on and map reprodue,non.
(4 marks)
fap\ain the mvol vement ot masking dunng a fa1rdrawing process.
(c) In photographic section, a positive mask is used to prepare a reversed image of
40% dot screen. Using illustrattons, outline the procedure followed in preparing
the image. (!Omarks)

(a) With the aid of diagrams, describe how the follow ing relief representmions are
created:
Slope hachures

(ii) Shadow hachures. ( 12 marks)

(8 marks)
Outl me the importance of text in mapping.
(b)

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 2310:304
2312/304
CARTOGRA.PHY
Oct./NoY.2000
Time: 3 hours

THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMLNATIONS COUNCIL

DIPLOMA IN LAND SURVEYING

DIPLOMA IN PHOTOGRA.MMETRY AND REMOTE SENS! re
CA.'R.TOG RAP HY

3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

You shou id have the follo\ving for this examination:

Answer booklet
drawing inst.:."1..lments.

Answer any FIVE of the following EIGHT questions.

All questi.ons cany equal marks.
Maximum marks for each part of a question are as shown.

Generated by CamScanner
 r ,,
vV

1. Dlfkrenuate between a C'aJaslral Survey Plan and IZcgiscry Index. Map (RIM)
(8 rnar.
(b) Cada~ tral Survey Plans are prepared in accordance with the Survey Regulations. 'o·
Outlme th~ regulat10ns concerning the followmg:
(i) plotting by co-ordinates
(n) sea.ks used and theu intervals in metres
(iii) degree of accuracy for computing areas
(iv) size of grid in centimetres.
(12 marks)
2. (a) The Universal Transverse Mercator Projection is sometimes referred to as the
"Modified Transverse Mercator". Outline the modifications. (8 marks)

(b) Using illustrations, explain the following cases of cylindrical map projection:
(i) regular
(ii) transverse
(iii) oblique
(iv) secant.

(12 marks)
3. The fqllowing is a UTM Grid Reference of a prominent feature on a 1:50,000 topographical
map:

37M AK 166,500mE_9,950,000mN
Interpret the derivation of the system.
(20 marks)
4. Figure I represents a certain region mapped on four sheets at 1:250,000 named R, S, U and
\V based on the IMW system. Sheet limits are indicated on the figure.
With reference to IMW indexing system

identify the zone on which the sheets are based

(ii)
compose a sheet index on the figure for topographic map series l: l 00,000
and 1:50,000.

(20 marks)
5. (a) (i) Explain th~ Map Revision Policies
(ii) Select the most suitable revision policy for the following:
I. Fast growing town ,.-:::> C6Y\~Y\_{'._"~
. \
II. Nat10nal Atlas Mapping -) c~ cJ.. 1 <2..
III. Charting of Survey Plans. -0 &e-lcc..-1-\~

(IO marks)

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 (b) Outline the circumstancL:5 und r wh1d1 a map wr1ulu lie HC1e,ed f<1r f(..VJ ,wn
I

(r ( 10 mark-;J

la) Rel1efcan be portrayed on map· qualitatively a wt:ll ris q 1ant1tat1vely

1

Defend thts statement. (14 marks)

(b) ldennfy the method of showing relief for each of U1c following givmg reason for
each choice.

(i) map for dam construction site

(1i) maps for national parks
(iii) Kenya Aeronautical chart scale 1: 1 million.
(6 marks)

7. Outline the following methods of producmg copies of a map stating the nature of the
original reproduction material required:
(i) process camera
( ii) contact copying
(iii) diozo process
(iv) offset litho printing.
(20 marks)

8. (a) With reference to map compilation, explain the following giving examples of
map sheets available in Kenya:
(i) Basic Map
(ii) Homogeneous Derived Map
(iii) Heterogeneous Derived Map.
(10 marks)
(b) (i) Define generalization as used in cartography
(ii) Outline THREE methods of generalization
(iii) Name any TWO details which should NOT be displaced during
generalization process of a topographical map.
(10 marks)

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 2310/304
2312/304
CARTOGRAPHY
Oct/ Nov_ 1999
Time: 3 hours

THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

DIPLOlYIA IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING

DIPLOMA IN LA-ND SURVEYING
CARTOGRAPHY
3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
You should have the following for this examination:
Answer booklet
Answer any FIVE of the following EIGHT questions_
All auestions carry equal marks_
Maximum marks for each part of a question are as shown_

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 11

vmbols to aid in reading the a map.

0 n a map, name s arc also rcuard ed aS S;
- ~ .:::, t ar"' used
in letterino of maps to achieve Ll-ie a,
Explain hov.' the followmg 1ac or 5 0
" /\..

objective
(i) Size of the letters
(ii) Style of the lettering
(iii) Placement of the name
(iv) Spacing of the name.
(l Omarks)
Outline FOUR methods of producing text for maps.
(10 marks)
(b)

2. (a) Explain the following types of map compilation.

(i) Basic maps
(ii) Derived maps ( 10 mar.ks)

(b) Outline THREE methods applied in generalization stating one advantage in each
case. (10 mar.ks)

...,
.J. (a) State FOUR factors that you would take into consideration when choosing a scale
for a map to be compiled. ( 4 mar.ks)
(b) Outhne FOUR ways~by which the scale of a map may be determined if it is not
indicated. (8 mar.ks)
(i) Measurements are made between two points A and B both identifiable on a
map and an aerial photograptI as follows:
Map distance= 6 cm
Aerial photograph = 48 cm
Scale of the map= 1:25,000.
Find the scale of the photograph. (8 marks)
4. (a) Name THREE main groups in which the majority of plastic mqterials are classified
giving one example in each case. (6 marks)
(b) State TWO reasons why metal based materials are not commonly used as drawing
media although they have excellent desired properties. ( 4 marks)
(c) Explain using diagrams the following as used in symbol_isation for maps_
(i) Point symbols
(ii) Line ~ymbols
(iii) Area·symbols.
(10 marks)

5. Explain the following terms in relation to map projection:

(a) Azimuthal
(b) Conical,
( c) Cylindrical
( d) Equidistant
( e) Conformal
. (20 marks)

6. (a) A revised edicion of 1:50,000 map is to be reproduced. State what information you
would consider. -
(i) Still valid and usable from t~e fair drawings of the current edition
(ii) To seek from new air photographs
(iii) Must be collecred or updaced by field check.
(8 marks)
2310-12/304 2
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 THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAJ\tllNATIONS COUNCIL

DIPLOMA IN PHOTOGRAM1\i1ETRY AND REMOTE SENSING

DIPLOMA IN LAND SURVEYING

CARTOGRAPHY

3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CA.ND IDATES

you should have the following for this examination:

Answer booklet

Answer any FIVE of the following EIGHT questions

All questions carry equal marks.
Maximum marks for each part of a question are as shown.

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 De·-.no~ th.c- fl-{P EE map te ,I _I on pi__,)1,. I~s s1'-•lllS c111e e.. ~mpl·t trnder v1hi,.h each 1
~pplied (20 marks)

1a) .~:ate Fl\'E factors that intlui~ncc the chn1Le of map prnJect1ons (5 marh)

{h) Outline the characteristics and p1 ope1t1es of the, UTM projection ( 15 marks)

.)
Explain THREE methods of generalisation (! 2 marks)

(b) Ou time FOUR phases of compilauon. (8 marks)

4 Gn·e a de!a1ied descnpt1on of the Ilvffi' sheet numberir.g system (20 marks)

5 (a) List EIGHT uses of topographic maps (8 marks)

(b) Explain the following types of maps

(i) Atlas
"•\
( li Cadastral
' ,'
(iii) Thematic
(i·v) Derived maps
(!2 marks)

6 Describe relief representation by the following methods

- Contours
- Layer tints
Spot heights
- Rock drawing.
(20 marks)
7 (a) Ourline the following map reproduction methods
(i) Photographic
,...\ C
iii, opy
(iii) Printing
(12 marks)
(b) Define the following terms .
(i) Fair drawing
(ii) j\1asking
(iii) Colour separation
( 1v) Reversal
(8
'
marks\I
-

8 (a) Ourlme Fl VE properties of a good dravnng material (IO marks)

(b) Exp !run each of the fo!lowmg methods of changing scales

(i) Similar squares
(ii) Pentograph
(10 marks)

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