1899: MALOLOS

CONSTITUTION
HOW THE MALOLOS CONSTITUTION
WAS FORMED?
THE TRUCE SIGNED BY THE REVOLUTIONARY
LEADERS AND SPANIARDS

THE BATTLE OF SPANISH AND AMERICANS AT

MANILA BAY 0N MAY 1, 1898

THE PHILIPPINE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

WAS ISSUED ON JUNE 12, 1988

WEALTHY EDUCATED MEN WHO DRAFTED THE

CONSTITUTION

THE CONSTITUTION WAS PROMULGATED BY

EMILIO AGUINALDO ON JANUARY 21, 1899
1899: MALOLOS CONSTITUTION
IT WAS TITLED “ THE POLITICAL CONSTITUTION OF
1899”

IT IS WRITTEN IN SPANISH AND KNOWN AS

“CONSTITUTION POLITICA DE MALOLOS”

IT WAS ESTABLISH IN MALOLOS AT THE

SANCTUARY OF THE BARASOAIN CHURCH

THE CONSTITUTION HAS 101 ARTICLES DIVIDED INTO

14 TITLES WITH 8 ARTICLES OF TRANSITORY
PROVISIONS AND 1 ADDITIONAL ARTICLE

THE MAIN AUTHOR OF THIS CONSTITUTION IS

FELIPE CALDERON
FELIPE G. CALDERON Y ROCA
He was a Filipino Lawyer,
politician, and intellectual,
known as the "Father of the
Malolos Constitution”
Born: April 4, 1868
Died: June 6, 1908 (aged 40)
He was also a member of the
Malolos Congress
PREAMBLE OF THE POLITICAL
CONSTITUTION OF 1899
We, the Representatives of the Filipino people,
lawfully covened, in order to establish justice,
provide for common defense, promote the general
welfare, and insure the benefits of liberty, imploring
the aid of the Sovereign Legislator of the Universe
for the attainment of these ends, have voted,
decreed, and sanctioned the following political
constitution.
Political Constitution
TITLE I: THE TITLE V: THE
REPUBLIC LEGISLATIVE
POWER

TITLE II: THE

GOVERNMENT TITLE VI: THE
PERMANENT
COMMISSION
TITLE III:
RELIGION
TITLE VII: THE
EXECUTIVE
TITLE IV: THE POWER
FILIPINOS AND
THEIR NATIONAL TITLE VIII: THE
AND INDIVIDUAL PRESIDENT OF
RIGHTS THE REPUBLIC
Political Constitution
TITLE IX: THE TITLE XIII:
SECRETARIES OF AMENDMENT OF
GOVERNMENT THE
CONSTITUTION
TITLE X: THE
TITLE XIV:
JUDICIAL POWER
CONSTITUTIONAL
OBSERVANCE,
TITLE XI: THE
OATH AND
PROVINCIAL AND
LANGUAGE
POPULAR
ASSEMBLIES TRANSITORY
PROVISIONS
TITLE XII:
ADMINISTRATION ADDITIONAL
OF THE STATE ARTICLE
ARTICLE 27. ALL FILIPINOS ARE OBLIGED TO DEFEND
HIS COUNTRY WITH ARMS WHEN CALLED UPON BY
LAW, AND TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE EXPENSES OF
THE STATE IN PROPORTION TO HIS MEANS.

ARTICLE 5. THE STATE RECOGNIZES THE FREEDOM

AND EQUALITY OF ALL RELIGIONS, AS WELL AS THE
SEPARATION OF THE CHURCH AND THE STATE.

ARTICLE 4. THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC IS

POPULAR, REPRESENTATIVE, ALTERNATIVE, AND
RESPONSIBLE, AND SHALL EXERCISE THREE DISTINCT
POWERS: NAMELY, THE LEGISLATIVE, THE EXECUTIVE,
AND THE JUDICIAL. ANY TWO OR MORE OF THESE THREE
POWERS SHALL NEVER BE UNITED IN ONE PERSON OR
COOPERATION, NOR THE LEGISLATIVE POWER VESTED IN
ONE SINGLE INDIVIDUAL.
 THREE DISTINCT POWER OF THE
POLITICAL CONSTITUTION OF 1899

LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE JUDICIARY

LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE JUDICIARY

The power was The power The power was

vested in a was vested vested in the
unicameral in the Supreme Court
body called President of and its
assembly of the the Republic Justices
representatives
THINGS THAT INFLUENCED THE MAKING OF
MALOLOS CONSTITUTION OF 1899

The charters of The Prior

Belguim, Mexico, Constitutional
Brazil, Nicaragua, Projects in the
Costa Rica, Philippines
Guatemala, and the
French Constitution
of 1793
THANK
YOU