Assessment Cover Sheet - Learner Declaration

Course Title: 5N2706 - Care of the Older Person

Event ID: 23111

Title of Assignment: Project (40%)

Course Completion Date: 27/10/2023

Submission Deadline Date: 27/10/2023

Trainer Name: Nancy Poynton

Learner Name: Elionardo Marques

Your Contact ID: 25768

Learner Email: elionardo2025@gmail.com

I declare that (Please tick each box and sign below)

❏ I have uploaded feedback on the course by completing the reaction form.

❏ I have uploaded the assessment brief with my submission.
❏ I have kept copies of my portfolio of evidence.
❏ All information contained in this portfolio is my own work except for that which is
referenced, and I acknowledge that plagiarism will result in disqualification.
❏ Where practical skills demonstration applies as part of my assessment I understand that
this is documented by me and the video evidence submitted herein.
❏ I have been funded to complete this course or I have Paid in Full. I understand that my
submission will not be processed until my account is clear.
❏ If funded, I have fully completed and signed the documentation relating to the funding
body (TESG POBAL etc.) and this documentation has been returned to Forus Training
❏ I have not included recognisable photos of children or vulnerable adults within my learner
evidence and used pseudonyms or anonymised subjects about whom I have written
❏ I understand that my learner evidence will not be returned to me.

Learner Name: Marques Elionardo Moreira

Learner Signature: Date: 27/10/2023

 QQI Level 5 - 5N2770 - Care Skills - Assessment Brief - Pack A

Title: Care of the Older Person Project 40%

This project offers the learner an opportunity to explore and understand a range of concepts and
issues relating to the Care of the Older Person

Organise your project as follows:

Project - Section 1 - Introduction (LO 3, LO 9, LO 10, 13 Marks)
Section 1 ● Introduce and analyse current approaches growing older. (3 Marks)
● Discuss the range of settings for older people and the members of the
healthcare team available in each setting. (2 Marks)
● Consider the need to ensure quality in the provision of services for older
people. (2 Marks)
● Discuss the safeguards in place to ensure quality (legislation,governing bodies).
(3 Marks)
● Identify and discuss a range of specific services available for older people
(education, lifelong learning, retirement/workplace and leisure). (3 Marks)

TYPE YOUR ANSWER HERE:

How we growing older?

Aging is a natural and multifaceted process. It encompasses biological changes such
as cellular deterioration and genetic factors, leading to physical changes like reduced
muscle mass and cognitive fluctuations. Emotional and psychological shifts occur,
along with social changes, often driven by events like retirement. Lifestyle choices,
genetics, and the presence of diseases play vital roles in shaping our aging
experience. Taking a holistic approach, including healthy living, managing
conditions, and maintaining a positive outlook, is key to aging gracefully and enjoying
a fulfilling life in later years.

Are there places and professionals ready to take care of elderly

people?
There exists a wide array of environments and a multitude of professionals dedicated
to providing assistance and care for elderly individuals. Among the diverse options
available are:

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Residential Care Homes (Care Homes for the Elderly): These are specialized
facilities that offer a wide spectrum of care services, including assistance with daily
activities, medical care, and a range of social and recreational activities tailored to
the elderly residents' needs.

Home Care Services: This option allows healthcare professionals such as nurses
and caregivers to deliver personalized care and support within the familiar and
comforting surroundings of the elderly person's own home. This can encompass a
range of services, from basic assistance with daily tasks to complex medical care.

Day Centres: Day centers are designed to provide elderly individuals with meaningful
activities and care during daytime hours. These centers often offer a diverse set of
programs, social interaction, and support, enabling the elderly to return to their
homes in the evening while having enjoyed a fulfilling day.

Retirement Communities: These are planned living environments tailored to

independent elderly individuals seeking an active and engaging lifestyle within a
secure and supportive setting. Retirement communities often provide amenities such
as recreational facilities, social activities, and various levels of healthcare support.

Hospitals: When elderly individuals require intensive medical care, surgery, or

rehabilitation services, hospitals remain a crucial option. Hospitals are equipped with
the necessary resources and medical specialists to address complex health needs.
In addition to these environments, a team of dedicated professionals works
collaboratively to support the well-being and quality of life of elderly individuals. This
team includes:

Geriatric Doctors: Physicians with specialized training in the unique healthcare

needs of the elderly, offering comprehensive medical care, preventive services, and
treatment of age-related conditions.

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Gerontological Nurses: These nurses have expertise in caring for the elderly and are
essential in delivering nursing care, administering medications, and offering
emotional support to older patients.

Occupational Therapists: Occupational therapists focus on helping elderly individuals

maintain or regain their independence by addressing physical, cognitive, and
emotional challenges, enabling them to engage in daily activities.

Physiotherapists: Physiotherapists specialize in physical rehabilitation, assisting the

elderly in regaining mobility and strength, managing pain, and improving their overall
physical well-being.

Social Workers: Social workers play a vital role in assessing and addressing the
social and emotional needs of elderly individuals, coordinating support services, and
providing guidance on resources and assistance.

Gerontological Psychologists: These professionals have expertise in understanding

the mental and emotional well-being of the elderly, offering counseling, therapy, and
support tailored to the unique challenges faced by older individuals.

These professionals and environments collectively contribute to enhancing the

quality of life, health, and overall well-being of elderly individuals, ensuring that they
can lead fulfilling and dignified lives in their later years.

Why promote good services for the elder people?

Ensuring the provision of services for elderly people is a fundamental issue. This is
based on principles of respect for human dignity and in response to several essential
reasons. The aging of the population is a growing reality, making it imperative to
provide services that cater to the increasing needs of the elderly.

This need is also related to maintaining well-being and quality of life. As we age, we
face chronic health challenges and medical issues that require support. Additionally,
many elderly individuals are at risk of social isolation due to issues like reduced

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 QQI Level 5 - 5N2770 - Care Skills - Assessment Brief - Pack A

mobility, making it essential to offer services that promote social interactions and
activities. Ensuring services for elderly people also plays a critical role in protecting
against abuse, neglect, and exploitation, ensuring that the elderly are treated with
dignity and care. Furthermore, these services alleviate the burden on families caring
for the elderly and provide support when needed. It’s important to recognise that
many elderly individuals continue to contribute to society with wisdom, experience,
and skills. Ensuring appropriate services allows them to maintain active participation,
benefiting society as a whole.

In summary, guaranteeing services for elderly people in Ireland is essential to

address demographic aging, promote well-being, prevent social isolation, protect
against abuse and neglect, support families, and harness the valuable contributions
that elderly individuals offer to the community.

Served and activities available for the elderly.

For the elderly, there are specific services aimed at promoting learning, activities,
and social engagement. These services cover a variety of options, from participating
in third-age universities and courses on various topics to recreational activities like
dance classes, yoga, hiking, and reading groups. Additionally, workshops in art,
crafts, and music provide opportunities to express creativity and acquire new skills.
Lectures and presentations are often organized, covering topics such as history,
science, and culture to satisfy the desire for lifelong learning. Many seniors also
choose to engage in volunteer activities, contributing to the community and staying
active. Health and wellness programmes, including fitness classes and physical
therapy, are available to maintain health, while discussion groups and reading clubs
foster meaningful interactions. Moreover, organised travel programmes and
excursions offer the opportunity to explore new places and experiences. Technology
and computing classes are ideal for seniors who wish to learn how to use computers
and electronic devices. These specific services for the elderly are designed to
promote continuous learning, socialisation, and well-being, enabling seniors to
actively engage in the community and expand their interests, regardless of age.

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 QQI Level 5 - 5N2770 - Care Skills - Assessment Brief - Pack A

Project - Section 2 - Discuss a range of age related issues to include (LO 1, LO 4, 14 Marks);
Section 2 ● Healthy ageing. (2 Marks)
● Global and national demographic trends. (2 Marks)
● Normal physiological and psychological processes of ageing. (2 Marks)
● Social impact of ageing on older people. (2 Marks)
● Differing attitudes to ageing and older people. (2 Marks)
● Preparation for retirement. (2 Marks)
● Ethnic and cultural influences on older people. (2 Marks)

TYPE YOUR ANSWER HERE:

healthy aging process

Healthy aging is a process that allows people to optimize their opportunities for
health, participation, and safety as they grow older. It involves adopting a lifestyle
that promotes physical, mental, and social well-being throughout the aging process.
This includes engaging in regular physical activity to maintain mobility and
cardiovascular health, consuming a balanced diet that provides essential nutrients,
paying attention to mental health, and managing stress. Additionally, it involves
participating in regular health check-ups, promoting quality sleep, reducing risky
behaviors such as smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, accessing
appropriate healthcare, and maintaining social connections and meaningful activities.
Healthy aging aims not only to extend life but also to ensure that this life is lived with
quality, independence, and satisfaction. It is an important goal for both individuals
and society, promoting well-being and vitality throughout the lifespan.

The aging of the population is an evident global trend, driven by lower birth rates and
an increase in life expectancy. This results in a growing elderly population worldwide.
In response to this demographic change, we observe a quest for active aging, with
older people seeking more active lifestyles, including physical, educational, and
volunteering activities.

Furthermore, advances in medicine and health are contributing to better longevity

and improved quality of life in old age. However, the aging population also presents

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significant challenges for healthcare systems, with a growing demand for long-term
care.
Technology is playing an increasing role in healthy aging, with devices and apps
designed to meet the needs of the elderly. In Ireland, as in other places, the
population is aging rapidly, and the country is investing in long-term care services to
meet this increasing demand. Many elderly people in Ireland wish to age in their own
homes, driving the need for home support services. Additionally, reforms in social
security systems and retirement preparation are influencing how the elderly plan for
the future.

Social inclusion also becomes increasingly important, with initiatives such as activity
groups and volunteering programs playing a fundamental role in reducing social
isolation. All these trends highlight the need to adapt societies to meet the demands
of an aging population and find innovative solutions to support healthy aging and the
quality of life of the elderly.

Aging is a complex process that involves an interaction between psychological and

physical factors. In the psychological aspect, as people age, cognitive changes may
occur, such as a decrease in short-term memory and information processing speed.
However, long-term memory usually remains stable or even improves. In terms of
emotions, some older individuals report enhanced emotional regulation, with an
increase in the frequency of positive emotions and a reduction in the intensity of
negative emotions.

Psychological well-being in old age varies widely, depending on factors like social
support networks, a sense of purpose, and the ability to adapt to changes.
Regarding physical processes, aging can lead to the loss of muscle mass and bone
density, affecting mobility and frailty. Additionally, sensory changes, such as vision
and hearing, can impact one’s perception of the world and communication.

The cardiovascular system may undergo changes, increasing the risk of heart
problems. Changes in the nervous system can affect motor coordination and
response speed, while the immune system weakens with age, making the elderly

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more susceptible to infections and diseases. Predisposition to health conditions like

diabetes, hypertension, and chronic diseases increases with aging.

It’s important to remember that aging is an individual process influenced by factors

like lifestyle, genetics, and healthcare. Health promotion strategies, including a
balanced diet, exercise, and cognitively stimulating activities, can help mitigate the
negative impacts of aging.

Attitudes toward aging and the elderly can vary widely across different cultures and
individuals. In many cultures, older individuals are highly respected and admired for
their wisdom and life experience, seen as valuable sources of guidance and
knowledge. Unfortunately, ageism, or discrimination based on age, is prevalent in
many societies, resulting in negative stereotypes and biases against older people
that limit their opportunities and quality of life. Some people and cultures emphasize
the importance of older individuals maintaining independence and self-reliance for as
long as possible, which can influence decisions about living arrangements and
healthcare.

In certain cultures, strong family values are prominent, and older generations are
often expected to live with or near their adult children, providing support and care for
grandchildren. Progressive societies promote inclusion and social engagement for
the elderly, encouraging participation in social activities, volunteer work, and an
active lifestyle. Economic factors also play a role in attitudes towards aging, with
societies offering robust social safety nets providing more support and resources for
older individuals, while those with fewer resources may present greater challenges.

Attitudes towards healthcare for the elderly and end-of-life care can vary, with some
cultures prioritizing advanced medical interventions and others opting for more
holistic or natural approaches. It’s essential to recognize that these attitudes are not
uniform and can evolve over time. Promoting positive attitudes and addressing
ageism is crucial to ensure that older individuals can age with dignity and respect.

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The retirement age is 66 from 2021 but is scheduled to gradually increase to 68 by

2028. However, many people choose to retire before or after this age, depending on
their personal and financial circumstances. Retirement refers to the period when a
person formally stops working and retires, usually after reaching the retirement age,
which varies depending on the social security system and individual choice.

During retirement, individuals may have access to a retirement pension, which is a

regular payment provided by the state, through the social security system.
Additionally, many people also have private retirement plans, such as pension funds,
to supplement their income in retirement. Retirement offers the opportunity to enjoy a
more relaxed lifestyle, dedicate time to leisure activities, and, if desired, continue to
work part-time or engage in volunteer work. The quality of life in retirement largely
depends on personal financial planning and individual choices made during this
phase of life.

Ethnicity and culture have a significant influence on the experiences and

perspectives of elderly individuals. It is essential to recognise diversity and respect
cultural differences among the elderly. Healthcare providers and society at large
should be aware of these cultural influences and adapt services to meet the specific
needs of elderly individuals from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds.

It is essential that we know about these differences in diets and types of foods that
can be managed at certain times or times. they also have ritualistic elements that
can be reconnected in certain circumstances. The understanding of family also
differs depending on the person.

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 QQI Level 5 - 5N2770 - Care Skills - Assessment Brief - Pack A

Project - Section 3 - Health Promotion (LO 2, LO 8, LO 15, 13 Marks)

Section 3 ● Discuss the importance of health promotion and older people. (3 Marks)
● Identify ways to promote health promotion for older people. (2 Marks)
● Describe the therapeutic interventions that can be used to enhance social
interaction and the quality of life of the older person. (3 Marks)
● Analyse the role of the healthcare assistant in promoting positive ageing. (3
Marks)
● Identify the role of the statutory and voluntary agencies in promoting the
wellbeing of older people. (2 Marks)

TYPE YOUR ANSWER HERE:

Health promotion
The promotion of health for the elderly is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, it plays a
pivotal role in improving the quality of life for the elderly, enabling them to maintain
their physical and mental health and continue enjoying the activities they love.
Furthermore, health promotion contributes to independence, allowing the elderly to
carry out daily tasks and maintain their autonomy.

Another significant aspect is disease prevention, through practices such as

vaccination, disease screening, and the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits, thus
reducing the risk of illnesses and health complications. This, in turn, helps to reduce
the costs associated with treating chronic diseases and hospitalizations, benefiting
both the elderly and healthcare systems.

Health promotion also extends to mental health, with a focus on reducing

depression, anxiety, and social isolation, contributing to the emotional well-being of
the elderly. This is essential to ensure they enjoy a longer and healthier life with
vitality and dignity. Additionally, maintaining the health of the elderly allows them to
remain actively engaged in the community, participating in social activities,
volunteering, and sharing their experience.

Ultimately, health promotion is an essential part of ensuring that the additional years
in the lives of the elderly are lived with quality, and that they can contribute to society

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in a productive manner. Moreover, it reduces caregiver burden, alleviating both the

emotional and physical weight on family members and caregivers.

Ensuring the well-being of older people is a priority. There are some steps that can
help us do this and improve their well-being. They are:

First and foremost, it’s essential to encourage regular health check-ups, including
screenings for common age-related issues like high blood pressure, diabetes, and
cancer. It’s also crucial to stay physically active; this is an important part of
promoting health in older people. Suggest activities suitable for their fitness level,
such as walking, swimming, or gentle yoga, to increase strength and flexibility.

A balanced diet is fundamental. Recommend a menu filled with fruits, vegetables,

whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. This ensures they get vital nutrients like
calcium and vitamin D for strong bones. Staying well-hydrated is essential, especially
because the risk of dehydration increases with age.

Keeping the mind active is vital for cognitive function. Reading, puzzles, and social
interaction help in this regard. Also, we must not forget disease prevention. Don’t
forget vaccines, such as those against flu and pneumonia. Regular dental check-ups
are also essential. Managing medications correctly is a crucial part of health
maintenance. Ensure they understand their prescriptions and follow their treatment
plans.

Safety is a significant concern, so check their homes for potential hazards, like
inadequate lighting, lack of handrails, and slippery surfaces. Evaluate housing
conditions for potential dangers and suggest changes if necessary. Encourage open
conversations with healthcare professionals to address health concerns
comprehensively.

Encourage them to maintain an active social life and stay connected with friends and
family to combat feelings of isolation. Techniques like relaxation exercises and

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 QQI Level 5 - 5N2770 - Care Skills - Assessment Brief - Pack A

mindfulness can help manage stress and improve mental well-being. A good night’s
sleep is vital for overall health. Help them establish healthy sleep habits.

Connect them with support groups and services suitable for specific health needs or
age-related challenges. Assist with legal and financial planning to reduce stress and
uncertainty.

Most importantly, respect their choices and provide guidance and support so that
they can actively manage their health. By following these steps, we can ensure that
older people enjoy a better quality of life and well-being.

How does the healthcare assistant promote positive aging?

Healthcare assistants play a significant role in promoting positive aging by providing
various forms of support and care to elderly individuals. They assist with health
monitoring, including regular vital sign checks, medication management, and
reporting any concerning symptoms or changes in health. Additionally, they help with
basic activities like bathing, dressing, grooming, and eating, aiding older individuals
in maintaining personal hygiene and independence. Mobility support is crucial, and
healthcare assistants may assist with walking, transfers, and exercises to improve
strength and flexibility. Medication management is another vital aspect, ensuring that
older adults take their medications as prescribed and on time.

They also offer emotional support and companionship, reducing feelings of isolation
and loneliness, which can negatively impact mental health. Nutrition and meal
assistance are part of their role, helping with meal preparation and ensuring that
older individuals receive proper nutrition. They monitor dietary restrictions and
preferences. Healthcare assistants assess the safety of the home environment,
addressing potential hazards and ensuring that living spaces are adapted to the
changing needs of older adults to prevent accidents.

In summary, the well-being of older people is enhanced by a harmonious

collaboration between statutory and voluntary agencies. While statutory agencies
ensure the provision of essential services, legal protections, and quality standards,

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voluntary agencies offer valuable community support, advocacy, wellness initiatives,

housing solutions, and charitable assistance. This joint effort creates a
comprehensive support system dedicated to enhancing the overall well-being and
quality of life of the aging population in the country.

The companies working for this promotion are: Statutory agencies in Ireland, such as
the Health Service Executive (HSE) and the Department of Social Protection, lead in
delivering essential healthcare services and financial support to older individuals.
They ensure quality healthcare, pensions, and legal protections.

Voluntary agencies, like Age Action Ireland and the Irish Red Cross, provide
additional community support, advocacy for older people’s rights, housing solutions,
wellness programs, and charitable assistance. They aim to combat social isolation,
promote well-being, and offer financial aid when needed.

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Bibliography

 Reles, L and Simnett I (1999): Promiting health A practical Guide,

 Baulliere Tindal Thorogood M and Coombes Y (2004): Evaluating health
Promotion: Practice and Methods. Oxford University Press,
 Baixio J and Wills J (1994): Health Promotion: Foundation for Practice.
Bailliere Tindall,
 Garfield, O. (ed) (2006): The handbook of Communication Skills: Routledge,
 G Dahlgrrn and M Whitehead (1991) Pilicies and strategies to promote social
equality in health, Institute of Futures Studies, Stockholm, 1991,
 Four’s Training, 2021. Care of the Older Person 5N2706. Ireland: Forus
Training.

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