Math 30 Extrema and Optimization grocery store carries two brands of cat food, a_local brand that it obtains at the cost of 30 cents per can and a well-known national brand it obtains at the cost of 40 cents per can. The grocer estimates that if the local brand is sold for x cents per can and the national brand for y cents per can, then approxi- mately 70 — 5 + 4y cans of the local brand and 80+ 6x — Ty cans of the national brand will be sold each day. “How abou the grocer price each brand to maximize total daily profit from the sale of cat food? AQ) PLY) = (X-30 ) (70-5 xt4y) + (Y-40) GOH Ox - 74) Pea OE tee oe oxy~ehvo ~ MOx+2¢04 + B04 - 74> 74 PO_ y) = ~SA*+ Oxy - $300 -20x + 24Oy— 5 Pel& YD =~ VEX) 414-20 PG) =~ 191g -20 pyoayp = 1Ox* 240-0207) y Ryu) = lox ~ Hy +240 b) nox rloy-20=0 © lox- Wy t24070 @ xO wh Oy-20 70 + Px= Ng 4240> 0 —yyt220=0 Pky) = 718% + Oy=20 220= 4 yuu) = lox ~ Hy +240 y=ss O-10x+ WOcssr 20 =O Pax = -10 ~\OX = -SS0 +20 Py “0 x =- 530 ?: x 253 cP (53/58) TO MAKMZE ORM PROFT, ©) CP | Pra \ Pyy | Pr cone ’ (83,88) si =i o * ‘| THE LOCAL BRAND sitouLD SET | A hax PLCs AT 53 AND NATIONAL BRAWD SHOULD SET IT AT » = (Per) Cay) ~ fy ss 0 - = 40Suppose you wish to construct a rectangular box with a volume of 32 ft’. Three different materials will be used in the con- struction. The material for the sides costs $1 per square foot, the material for the bottom costs $3 per square foot, and the material for the top costs $5 per square foot. What are the dimensions of the least expensive such box? ©) V(iuh) = 32 4? = lh . C Chugh) 2th + Zhu) 310 + Sty vJvov v C(uw,h) = ath +2hw+3lw+shw CCW, h)= 2th +2hw + Bio 32. = lwh Clan) = 2 C BL Zhe +3 (32) ‘ ar wr Clan) = G4 y 2nw + 2Se w h Clan) = Gd 4256 4200 w hn b) CW +Zh Cy 2-15uh7% FEW bys + 2h -25¢h7*+ 20 2h=o4w> 20 2s? p= 32” 2h he 3 we hw?=32 \=32 = 32 h (28) 32 (25) =32 le ae ye Cow = +o4 DU? = enh Cun = £25602) (373 = 1 Cuh= 2 D= WeCN- 2% = 12 CCw,h) = (2.8) ©) criricat PT | Con \e D ome (28) el a eo) anlenivin, “He LEAST PAPENSIVE BOK PIMEWsions siOULD BE CLW,H) = (2,2,8)farmer wishes to fence off a rectangular pasture along the bank of a river. The area of the pasture is to be 6,400 yd?, and no fencing is needed along the river bank. Find the dimensions of the pasture that will require the least amount of fencing. RIVER Ly ACL,W) = GH0O a) PULW)= L+2w Putt Putt ACL) = Lw Avew Rott 1nAw 2=AL G4oo = LW b) © rl’ sl- wdisregard tra} root L= 264013) LS sD C) Least amount of fenci are of dimensions L= $053 Cand W = 4055 yorasLagrange Multipliers 1. The highway department is planning to build a picnic area for motorists along a major highway. It is to be rectangular with an area of 5,000 square yards and is to be fenced off on the three sides not adjacent to the highway. What is the least amount of fencing that, will be needed to complete the job?ve consumer has $600 to spend on two commodities, the first of which costs $20 per unit and the second $30 per unit. Suppose that the utility derived by the consumer from units of the first commodity and y units of the second commodity is given by the Cobb-Douglas utility fuhetion U(x, y) = 10r%y4 How many units of each commodity should the consumer buy to maximize utility’ EXAMPLE @DRANDOUT maxuirae U(X, 4) = 10x74 CONSTRAINT 20x +30y = 600 UE) 10x He" gf=204430y Uilxy) = OX” ex Jer Gxt) =20 0.6 Zo. Ula) Ax y Qylxuy)= 30 getty ax MyM oy aytt ay. axee . pe aaa joxe? WOxee eye ae: sy e* wy = 2x ) (ay? *)uISy?*) =(ax°*) Lx") 5 30 a = isy < 20x @ 20.x+30y=000 y=8 4 $26 (Ay) #304400, X= Ay (¥) * THUS , The Lonsumer shoud buy Kunits Aby+304= 600 x =16 OF Ast comm. anh § uriits Of 2nal com. ‘T5y = @00 =7(I8,) MAXINZE |. +0 MOximize ubility- ys3. A manufacturer has $600,000 to spend on the production of a certain product and determines that if z units of capital and y units of labor are allocated to production, then P units will be produced, where P is given by the Cobb-Douglas production function P(a,y) = 12028 y’, Suppose each unit of capital costs $3,000 and each unit of labor costs $5,000. How many units of labor and capital should be allocated in order to maximize production? a) 0x9) = rox"€y"s = (4)ba0yx™ 9" = ay Me 2? -(x)unody “Sx = auxtls ve) veA manufacturer of television sets makes two models, the Deluxe and the Standard. The manager estimates that when x hundred Deluxe sets and y hundred Standard sets are produced each year, the annual profit will be P(x,y) thousand dollars, where P(x, y) = —0.32” — 0.52y — 0.4y? + 852 + 125y — 2, 500. The company can produce exactly 30,000 sets each year. How many Deluxe and how many Standard sets should be produced each year in order to maximize annual profit? (4) RAupouT MAXIMIZE PUCy) =-0-3X°- 0.5 xy~ ONY + BUX +125y — 2500 CONSTRAINT Ke y=300 Px (Xy) = 7 0-0X- O.Sy + 85 x= (0S y= 175 Py (xy) = -OSK~ O.%y +125 => (12$,175) MAX 9 (xy) =KAY Gx(xy= 1 THUS, tre manuEocturer should Sy Cxy)=1 Produced 12500 Deluxe Sets & - 00x 0.5y +85 = AC) © I7s0D Standard sets to max { -05K- 0.GY 4125 =AL1) @ propits Krys 300 ® (-0.0x- 0.5y+85 = -O5x- O%y+128),." ~Ox'~ Sy + @50 = -Sx-Sy+ BSO ~OR*SK -SYtS y= WS0- $SO -x +3y = 400. © yr ls X+ (175) =30D X= 12s.