Hazrat Umar Bin Khattab (RA):

Q1 What is the most remarkable thing about Hazrat Umar’s caliphate?

Ans: The most notable thing about his caliphate, was the great expansion of the
Muslim state, including the conquest of Syria and Egypt and a large portion of
Persia.

Q2 What is the title of Hazrat Umar, and who gave it to him, and what is meant by
it?

Ans: The title “Al-Farooq” was given to him by the Prophet Muhammad, and It
signifies “the one who distinguishes between right and wrong”, for his unwavering
commitment to justice.

Q3 Briefly describe the key administrative reforms implemented by Hazrat Umar.

Ans: He established the Baitul Maal a state treasury to manage finances of the
empire, developed infrastructure such as roads and canals, took Educational
Initiatives like establishment of schools and organized salaries for religious
teachers. He also divided the empire into several provinces for easy administration.

Q5 Name the battle where Hazrat Umar’s leadership significantly expanded the
Muslim empire, and when it took place.

Ans: This was the Battle of Yarmouk which took place in 636 AD.

Q6. What was the primary source of law during Hazrat Umar’s rule?

Ans: During the rule of Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab, the primary source of law
was Islamic jurisprudence, commonly known as Fiqh.

Q7. Discuss the social and economic reforms introduced by Hazrat Umar and their
impact on the Islamic society of the time.

Ans: H. Umar always emphasized on the importance of safeguarding the welfare

and safety of every citizen in the state. Tax revenue was collected and used to
provide income for the needy, including the poor, elderly, orphans, widows, and
the disabled. the government also stockpiled food supplies in every region in case a
disaster or famine occurred, to feed these groups.

Q8. How did Hazrat Umar approach the judicial system, and what measures did he
take to ensure justice for all citizens?

Ans: He separated the executive from the Judiciary for fairness, and the Qualified
Judges were appointed and paid handsomely to avoid bribing. He made sure there
was complete impartiality in the justice system and allowed his subjects to voice
their own opinions too.

Q9. Why is Hazrat Umar’s Caliphate termed as the ‘Golden Period of Islamic
rule’? provide reasons other than his expansion of the empire.

Ans: His caliphate was a period of peace, justice, fairness and equality. There was
also immense prosperity and wealth in the Muslim empire at that time, and he also
placed an emphasis on education, learning and knowledge.

Q10. How was Hazrat Umar martyred, and where was he buried?

Ans: On 27th Zilhaj, 644 CE, While Hazrat Umar was leading the Fajr prayers at
Masjid Nabawi in Medina, Abu Lu’lu stabbed him six times in the belly with a
poisoned dagger. He embraced martyrdom on 1st Muharram.

Articles of Faith:
Q1. How does the belief in the Day of Judgment influence the moral and ethical
conduct of Muslims?

Ans: On this day, those who are handed their deeds in their right hand will go to
Heaven, and those who are handed them in their left hand will go to Hell. This
belief encourages Muslims to avoid sinful activities, and live their lives in a pious,
and morally and religiously acceptable way, in order to be rewarded in the afterlife,
and not punished.

Q2. What is the Qayamat-e- Sugra?

Ans: Qayamat-e-Sugra represents the intermediate state after death, leading up to
the last day. It is a period of transition and anticipation before the ultimate
resurrection and accountability.

Q3. What are the names of the angels which will question the dead in the grave and
outline some of the questions they will ask.

Ans: Nakir and Munkir will prop the deceased soul upright in the grave and ask
three questions: Who is your Lord? What is your religion? Who is your prophet?

Q4. In the context of Tawhid, how is the concept of divine predestination (Al-
Qadr) understood?

Ans: Tawhid, refers to the belief in Allah’s oneness and uniqueness. Qadr
acknowledges that Allah has complete knowledge and control over everything.
While humans have free will, Allah’s knowledge encompasses our choices,
striking a balance between predestination and individual responsibility.

Q5. What is the significance of the belief in the unseen, such as angels, in shaping
Muslim life and ethics?

Ans: Believing in the unseen, including angels, reminds Muslims that Allah is
always watching their actions and behavior. This awareness encourages fear of
Allah, leading to righteous conduct, so that they can enter paradise.

Q9. Who is the only woman mentioned by name in the Quran and is revered as a
prophet’s mother?

Ans: The only woman explicitly mentioned by name in the Holy Quran is Maryam
(also known as Mary). She holds a special place in Islamic tradition and is revered
as the mother of Prophet Isa (AS), also known as Jesus.

Q10. Besides the Quran, name other holy books that Muslims believe as a
revelation from God.

Ans: These include Tawrat (Torah), given to Prophet Musa, Zabur (Psalms)
revealed to Prophet Dawud, and Injeel (Gospel) given to Prophet Isa AS
Medinian Life:
Q1. What significant document did the Prophet Muhammad establish upon his
arrival in Medina to ensure the rights of all citizens?

Ans: This was the Charter of Madinah or the treaty of Madina.

Q2. Which battle during the Medinan period was a turning point for the Muslim
community, leading to their recognition as a formidable force?

Ans: This was the battle of Badr, which was a turning point for Muslims, and the
History of Islam. The Quraish realized the Muslims strength, and growing power.

Q4. How did the Treaty of Hudaibiya affect the Muslim community’s relations
with the Quraysh?

Ans: It eased hostilities, established diplomatic channels, and allowed Muslims to

participate in religious practices within Mecca. It was a turning point in the early
history of Islam.

Q5. What was the role of the Prophet Muhammad in the development of the first
mosque in Medina?

Ans: He took equal part in the construction of this mosque with his fellow
mujahedeen and Ansar’s

Q6. What important lesson can Muslims learn from the events of the Battle of
Uhad?

Ans: They learned to never show disobedience to the directions of Prophet

Muhammad. In this battle, Muslims were initially winning, but some archers
disobeyed Muhammad’s instructions and left their positions to collect spoils. This
disobedience led to their defeat.

Q8. What were the reactions of the Muslims to the passing away of the Holy
prophet?

Muslims were deeply drowned in grief and sorrow, and some didn’t even believe
the news, claiming that it was all a lie.
Q9. In the Conquest of Mecca, what was the significance of the Prophets behavior
and words in particular, towards Abu Sufyan?

Ans: It was significant because Abu Sufyan was one of the bitterest enemies of
Islam and of the Holy Prophet, and Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) forgave him and
even declared his house as one of the safe places before he entered Mecca.

Hazrat Abu Bakr:

Q1. How did Hazrat Abu Bakr deal with the severe unrest among the Muslim
community after the Prophets demise?

Ans: Hazrat Abu Bakr’s leadership during this critical time focused on unity,
guidance, and humility, laying the foundation for the early Islamic state.

Q2 What was the Main reason for sending the expedition to Syria.

Ans: Its main purposes were to avenge the Muslim losses in the Battle of Mut’ah,
retaliate against the Byzantine forces, and establish the Muslims’ presence in the
Levant.