You are on page 1of 104
Sf ope find ab oh ANNA UNIVERSITY ‘Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) era 2 (al Suck Deopmen) (CSE) ‘Ye? (Ful Sac Devdepment or (TIAIBDS) SOFTWARE TESTING _AND AUTOMATION eT Grace Shin *S TECHNICAL |. UBLIGATIONS SOFTWARE TESTING AND AUTOMATION Vetel 2 Gl Sut Depa) (CE) ered 2 Gl Sick Deepme (TADS) Pies rehab Wil PREFACE ‘he imparnce of Sfenare Teng and Atomaion we ben arb ngoring bas Onenng rps tour bots on mara ker peo ‘rien bok. The oak arco cme hy ac ste Satan Te ho at at gyn ee of cr | took onde opel metodo eager cme seep and epee rood expla enone pcs Each caper el supe A ay Moore acc! amples and aloe potlens Al caper Ins Wo a ean no poe agence at poms each ee bal pon cer sues A ‘areas bon be oma des conten vdsandg We a oes sts cing pot tom at cape eso nc on cons te ete pe beste bt rss epg nese Tha makes beundesanding hs ec mere es ane mn ee tren The bck we ey went ol te sade a ao othe set (ether Tease hae oom nehrgand pobre acon noting ere fees ores or of hbo al a eo stn mang ook rey. Mach needed moa fort ane enoupee eed on unr ‘casos pou wc ay. wish unk be Publisher othe ee a Techni ablcaons sho tae hen it pn gt hs Do I eh ‘op agen fr he Ipronemsn of he bok el be acne sd el Aan ea atte Be da Slt oat Rae wr SYLLABUS Software Testing and Automation - [CCS366} UNIT FOUNDATIONS OF SOFTWARE TESTING Vy ow et Se Be oe Teng ad Whi Box Tsing, Stare Tein Tie yl, Vl ef Sota Tsing, Prpin Canton Venison Relist ‘ru Sty, Tare Eres ae ne), Sou Teng Pcie, Popa Ingen, Spe 8 Tatag = Unt Tein, pion Teg. Sytem Teng (hater) UNIFI TEST PLANNING The Gt of Te Fi, High Lee get, interop Reni, Tet Pc, Te Say, Remus Reon Teer Anpmn Tt Stl, Tet (cee Roig Meranda (Chape-2) LUNIFIN _TESFDESIGN AND EXECUTION Tt bj len, Fest Dep Fc, Reenter, Tee eqerm Moan Tt Desi Ps, Moding Tet Res Bruny We ‘Tea, Epler Clas Tong, Fak Teg, Dat Few Teg, Tet Dos Pres Tot Cav Crm ma king, Bop Rap, Dg. Lie Cv (Commer) UUNITIV ADVANCED TESTING CONCEPTS Pern: Ting tot Tig Ste Teg, Vola Taig Fl - Over Tesi, the Dt, Sty tng. Tesi ne Ae Eien, Tring We) ‘Mic pens Chae UNITY TEST AUTOMATION AND TooLS Ditews Wess, dong Wen Dvr Even, Teng Unie omg nang own Fanon Miss To To opr (Cate) TABLE OF CONTENTS ‘Chapier-T Foundations of Softare Testing @Dwia-39) 22 tad a1 118 Wha rth Brett Soa Teg? ane ne 1.2 ck Bor esting and Wt Gor Tee, oa 1 seer Testing UC 1 {AL Wrst ee ete)? st 16 roam Carecs andVtiBeenn T 2.7 lity Yer 6 oma aa 18 rare roe and ate ent) tow 110 Progen eects, va 2173 yee epee aa ogee in 2.18 Resse equremens aa 11s Sen Tete. 1-26 221 tug Roprie aos sew eons van 222 Metres and Stes ——— as 1.22 work Quetons wt noes a7 se vs oe in 2123 TwoMarks econ th er ed ‘apie Test Panning SSCS UNIT 24 tvoudion = ae ‘Chapier-3 Test Design and Execution 22. Detnea Test Pn = 22 2 Testoiate eit, 3 25 Types ot tet 23 2M Terabe Reamer. ae 28 Soon Teng Ue Ge an 27° Bout Vibe esting ss 29 svuconmacetts aa 28 aus Cas Teng. s9 210 sugesotstic aa 2 athtest, s 3 2123 Wha en See Dsent? a6 212 Text Ce Donets, 20 215 The Obece of Test State 29 215 Testis Ogpiatin an Hackng . 338 even Quests ae cin 247 Two Maks Quon wt Anse cnn Giaper-5 Test Atomation and Tool SWB ‘Ghaper- 4 Advanced Testing Cones 52 Aono Teste ot We Aol es. 4 tama at | 5: Senn: intadcng Web Drier apd Web eens 39 42 Perormare Tes ce ae Sees as 128 ey eg ———— 7 ” S41 Unesg Tega. 428 cute sig = 2 542 Are Ges, 127 conte Ten. - » 543 ene a3 Tete eee 6 avon Quin 5 Twos Guestons wih Aves 4S, Price ae Teste. ~ 453 dgeenatece = 2 {51 oer ile Teg SDP Te 38 447 Twotrk Question with Anuar nr UNIT I Foundations of Software Testing 1 ‘Syllabus hy a are hx a dW ain Se Tig es Te PS aay eo + Teg tir conctns wen rt sd st nd ein ce Bid ievcocton sect my ype in The mem nga es! + is chp wi te da ese, sh ty eng pd ini sis nd pees le de pil apy ep code a peal cn tt oc mt eae nd. il ee oi Siem cag ser ag pe Sota: igs ping ea pe of sme ioe adit eof. ima naning ste fen compe male ‘omy rn cane pn Fig lp sete ating Topi spy ota stg ees ig tie ‘are bcng esl (AUT) Ii oe, eg xe EB nats ota Testing 1 Sort th ce fd i pf say ie St accu HH oss (by, iy, prs, ety nt i a wayne ew 8 no camp pea er tt ya ee Ses ewer ot er he cr. ASSO Be le en Sear cimtecease e eal eat e HB vets Testing + Taig ic + calen f mals 0lte a plais y ewe orice wi 3 pekmes! Sy tower tag ne eet ety ‘apo Teac ul fei od pn on at ey my Be sia eB K ey ow ts pa et wo an of neo mir ems compte pth eq pup Mc, ett in tere, boro te cree th lcs A tig yb pnt te ely en he ese sete ep omar 6 ht ston aie mtn yee gee stn gen en + Tenant onl Se poem a eenly phi eri, ‘rt tei Ie, all it a sce Foret, ee ‘eet bring esp ey ie Aue an ean an ‘eonin fase pope bea eat aber ee EEE iy ortrare Testing is portant? + getter ropa ne fa ys dl a ae pn ee aly cy a rem al ea wl od ate Wk les ie sa ct BEE vit the ne of Testing? Sota iy nD ating rl ie ep wil te Lod ont emia clap Apel 05 We he one ly + ll ety mln wees Gom he ma eee ig ming + Stu 705 nem malin gts ny 60 of sa ‘eis tm Ca The pace pie ele sac ey cu Dye il et, same of Ams inp tic pa rn OREN RIT po TRC ARLE wir + As in vndws 18 Din it ew em es ea ys 10901 eter etd FS eh tne of ey dei ue +A 2698 at Depry Chi ti esd Twp i so wee lyfe in 95 we ne gi ud Cen Tr. an me! yn lan ee aia overpass ty 1996 ater te rig 90 aloe US te seca cesar US ek +t Ag 1, sae oll ie of $12 bn ir noch king then ge asi te. (ERE vint re the Goetits f Stare Testing? ‘fining ae age emp saeie esa ey ee st i ha its cs ce, Ty ing oy os ens go il igs Hae eri ect 1 Secry Th pn de aang ff ting es ein aot oa haa end ime Prt uty Any fre pot ms 8s he. Tein ons ere hiph gat pc + Cer tin; Pring 8 sent te ry al ef ni Thin er pei ape of rh UK ig BE ype of ornare Testing The an of se enya on apton pre eset i igs eo ttn tne mama te. Wie ein ‘emg nay elon we ated ny pe a fn i ‘a ie pope nes ftps wean ey ee + Mn ein cn eel es peat, hea ls ‘Wehbe emmaen ming ocean oa ete ce ee nd a rie yan fr Neel wat a ee Hie resting and vite Box Testing Bk ec tig lel as ing iti at ge teal ca Sm ons rw iy oe ort ert es ed ines an euch bx esi (clea ing mat bx ‘seme tage ene aca ne shen mpc HERB ats vite Box Testing es whi eens a ed nis tps! ye se ‘eT ns te iin of pe oon ne, nti is NORTE me amgwstacme 18 ais te + Bac tie ss a vp, pe wi bi ope Te "eto err bo rte ey fe eae in ekg hah ee ‘Sc bo ting Tage nae epi y>d tmtoreig A oe gs egg, #3 eee et tee Gis tat ply ove oe cle ra, Ss at ere ead eps Oe Popes eng sy we ih icf whores ‘ing a ok anevada EID srs ster rseg notre ‘Whe attest ining tae ti ein ri a igo popu rin The lining aon cma psa i ox: 1. Uae Te invite cnpne steno ey ft 2 Tnpton eg: Te nei een ent nit omen foes ey We te ae 2. ental tng = Tse comity of te aan ee Hm 4 evra eg Te prec of omer ai oe nd Ssediars one nee rms rene. Ser tinge te tae ene an wens ne its 6 Code seeae eg: Mes te sens fee at el ing 1 Regen ing Teste tae cng ae De sae nee change Slam noite age, FED rereignecrnnesorticn "Tea ecg ih he cig tedso me utxsone ter in aston Arsen codec nt 1 Beawchoer igh ee tne em teh rh aed et cesT nt i pot ots fe he ov ty Fomor te pi ery se a “Lap eng Wi help of i ini ep es nh ingen a ip code we rie. Es hen aps et ci of ope + Cm Sige Nets ‘sping ig ieee, col ow agreed ae ts pment dno ade frelon coms, Fr he pap o ‘Zhcnng eve pt et ce oat went pfs go sons EBB seen to eng 1 Congo covens. 2. cringe ote, 3. apnea qi. Bipot ine por teseg Mane inate cb dere ane fh oa gat ed oe RA RSET mento EBA rats acs box Testing + Tei ss ot ings wit nin eight to cote within A eer pt ia itis lpr by ee ei ‘Sto ve or te ota fe aa i eyes ‘try cnet wel ashow een ao amid an pe + Be fn ei hk a ng ix oe ei tl ory a eran lc eye i pri eh on ch en i og ee xe pes ete Seer hres. A Mo ats ey potash lng ‘te lange UIUX dot, nds 9 nguyen a wel Be ss my BEB srg ‘ ek ag ce ed ee ef: Ra nd 1 Specs opts eprom tinge bts aba eussng Frnt hth ane ey Dee me tetgetammin ke te ag, + Fecal sing ight cana oe mt goa ft fe pee ork tte hl ye at ta lee ano te pata nea ees Bont fs ad Honey, ck Noe Stilo fr i npn of ee sar campos nicl et aed ge 2) Unbles ige fri wacopeed 1 Pestana ate ei op ts Compe wih leat di en ©) aon ny ery ey 1+ Tumi aw st ser dpi pein os eee capes, no este stm beep Reps eg ay pate get cna wenn wen fe ‘ipstog seen bear mc lowe. bBo or testcg tects 3 Tesig psn may ie tal in pti an tonsa lat tom eh ge oir cn ne eto ih an ‘eam ene ne ee a i 18 ile ees 2 Boundary aaa: + Tes a erie em eget Any atin dy alee rs my ene he any esl, 0) te ‘semper pig neg a TaN RTE apna a eres Steet oi 1 ie St i} ison Tai Testing Neus me vi tenting oe a pam: sc te coin tran os ee exh as cz cn ene id [iB oiterences beeen Slick ox Testing Vs ie ‘tage ila Ste Tei ie Oye STU) ny sel be you ‘insite gat gear Set ened hy STL nceain ‘qe Aho STC nd Soe DewonetLie Cyce (SUC) a sees ‘iano STLC mee cand i sin sn DUC i ni ih he le Serdopen eci, Cn aie oles TEC has. Leesan? Sey si Ue he pn of hs fot ne em nat Ay Pins r geste s maple se ro Een hig ea ‘ncn enh ete ee + Sutue 9 exabie eple Wonca wih entree wane poe it hn? 1+ hte tht he Gein pS it aia de et ‘som ed ts we bee do. ‘hyo itech ig ma rh ene ate etal te een a aa + ie eae wp efit ep y ey em nee. + Toone Tet an Ove ttre ae — sory ey + oer ‘ite spl op np ge minh ‘eatery tl cy in ae ides noes ant Resporsiies FA Regus alte mage {+ Bin hm tp fe ra ae aie ss Rep ee once ee gn os ft Mate ha biotic qty prs an pees flo Chon bene srl paren ine eet envi i abe ug et cand en i 1+ Ate hectares ied TREAT stam RRR oe > a ecpneaes oat “+ Liteon il ie ead ano ep maa (ete pts ig + Snap rey ems mn + net asec ee + hepsi tpn «Nets 1 em pre mrt oy i i et ee + Sees hte ten 1 Asien ee mete th ing im nd me hy a ae i wa + cree eget rime: Wea tam mig + Asad hel che el nd cea ee i 1 Se che es et yey) Replay wh eft pie + Ich be chet ph tem (set 1 Sen a ely oo na fr sig plete Bes ‘tienen el men > ud ee perfomance 1+ Ast omen ses ery em ering ay re ie fice 1 Almeida proces ig a tpl ns wih he esl eosin Den pak ee + esd espns te pce de nga + ery tron etn veer we aden tle EBD soteare Testing ite oye fs.) | He phe ae ora ta i i iin king ae ge sae iy tempo ie Repeat tatae + Recep + Uplate demand pepe apn igo yg + Scape ter von 1 Dept ain say cain 1 Cony ny anti gt ec + ple dame it + Rept coe ase + Resa len fens poet nig apse + Dicuss ect et ecm 1 Holdem tsps. 4 he Sota Tesi Lit Che (TLC) moa poses fe ing ar toes ome ce ey ate a pein ef, He pode ‘ny sg phe ih ou jt dl Ta TLC dn {rire cnoe ht apical af ee pn ay nie ed ee The mje STLCS pps ae eed yon wh fae roan nya eve rc. Th emt poe bend ‘ol act he papal asthe eal elie ey nea eed Tie TLC asic esti fe ee md cg an iin eugene pin Kee ties oh tp ch ‘ovaries cpr Sr, rely eg gi nt RRS a RR ORCA RRO mae Bl stec cnrsctoses + The Sota Deel i (DUCT (SLC cca TLC ty 1 StLe det ead pits ute phy fae 1 AiG ef STL, white tse pe orphan bend, om or ie Hm re ce ae et ce ay Be (ele Th he doc fhe Bilson ot tue Repel ite Gt af Sr ei Lie (SFL) Pgh ip caring at ee hove ay sae a toning ing ec, he gy se en ns Weal ais cd ‘Teflningatiocer gene eas + Esai e SRD (Stee Repent Do nd aber pein ape Sprint eigen pcs 1 Neng sii we ier eo cng 1+ Respong ype near ples fe ey oe ‘Me tt pda he of he une ea Heo tt pei eA lest. The testing senate ewe el © Soph emg nk The et phe oye npn ie "+ Demin te ep es 4+ Deen te sig patente eid me, 1 Calling eine and ney reg ROT eae tee tain ze sa + Ding te ir ind be Lakin aghast a Tae nest ne ht pie com A ee ‘ud resi When tet sa nay he guy cole ain em. Te ili ss pet dain ec le + bear tee scar i eet hing a at sip epee + atc escrito incon te es ott conning ee ‘Updingth Reine coy Mai R70 peur et se om in oe saute cn sve er pee Ts we) ea at fetes np stay poi erie a ese ee TERR aoe See bu ath ‘TheSTLC ap aan pais cl pe a ee ee ina tense mis i sus el el le nt ‘esate thems oy. Taps ig ali yg an ite leeches een Tet een This tome te eigenen ing a et ‘teins tem nena est re tw ce i hs ee ae it Ine Suu Tne Life Ce (STC), flog a or Aig te + es econ Toe ay ities he fe gen pat eh ete iced ig iy + Det ing Aa re ata and ub et eg a dn 0 se ing el ape oh et he re ean, fe sod + etd pie adap: Bei ne rel ot a i opi Seng 7 9 ot eve biting he mc ie ae sgn + Anais oe ings: Panne Pf ae wing et ni ey + Reg cet ru Any or Stl ght tn ech + Texan: Tet steed oot sid pe ssl ar eos ante ode oi re, ne Sota Tesi Lite STL), ee he ee of eng a coogi cries ec wih og. The in jin of et he ag i [Peo tal en as tie bv fn ope ed he rien tg sot a aa ye of eet cee ie le i rg var ity andy ny ls Ses hae id Pa ag ‘ning Le Cre (STC ng fot we: Te Gling ae ity ts ot angi i eet on on + Te mary p= Ts ie vis hse sei of he ing sc ig hela! oa ef ded 1 roi Alena Sone ging ec ou nd abd Tether: Te i doa hat ms el to pi eter wh ees op tesa Malay tc The eign te im ey he pi mo my gerbe req mo spt x pp ate ef Pop ‘neat teeing ener su ha al ent sermon comeed wel egy est aed Sco! rs Tee ete a a rr a tt eae cen a ie proce ting ar cede acento mer BaD est Prases 1 Site ing + Devoe yr a a th tet They So aman asd enon een rg er st request rig te kine oy porte ‘condenses ney Ble ese ogame oe oo eee ESC LTO pana Sm ne a eo ‘eg ep en ly eg ses te pa loa ta eye» peo cote sie, wn mye Pe storied pening erin si oe ety pts wi oe mn fe: ss ‘at, Te ep a eel ecient ‘toed ng Ta tae Pe ‘esting doh oe nt wing peer sane m9 ae se ie ‘he steps 4 Sytem ting The pas ep oh ft wt «ys ‘pli i een ing fe io ae ow se # es ia evap sn pp soe penn rs ne oe ‘tS gee mae nat etre mpi Spc eng hea ge iia eis ep eg epi erin pine ey rage nel we Tos ‘nh pew neon he men nae rhe one mayo {ote ogame mt dean we ie eee ml te pa ‘neta ty ype sigh my pce ee pao. The ores osm tpece gp bre Brest steay snp ote St Tei LiCl (STLE ead et th res ‘ok nam inh cn fet eg a ie, ake ei i te 0 ede et oye, Wh le gy i lc, ee ve ie ae tng enn. BEER vet Tost rateay Docu? ete sme oc wel wien ef fe tg aimee ht i ewig adn par ser pan, Tete ane, tu uc dre Qk ee devel om ei: es ene RA RET ap OR ‘Se ang sey onde edhe wie ana at oye cane [EBB ion 1 Prepare 2 Good Tes tates Document iin dein tre ere epi sys uk ue cme ‘Silt ow ogame depo. a == = FORA REITER op meg zoo, oa se ute nye nse aw nineny > ret srgyn see + Semin te i ee sees hase ame e BEB ext in Ve Test Statony Wo weve te downer Reine plan et to pr, ena oii To de * Seren sie is sep ate + Mom ong 1 Tetageets + ot drone fen enter + Tyson Ln sig, Sst eg Prem sig) + Teme apract nda fsa + Aig ew dt sig, ef tegen tain sd sll ie.) Testers Dee emi ene sd np eh vices + Dee pon at retort + Ano dts mga ei rt estan fig ot eer oops ol eel sin a erie Downey ponte coy spp aeons + Reese mene wtp os ory male eet ion ‘Sepa onaje + Uaxashdatocanete + Gace pins ip erin eign step Rv an apron +A tease ve al pe yb aap kata BiB) re onectve of Test Sate ‘We shal ee ee hn et al gt dee ne ogy stole The et sree st ae ik ‘ining ai gay we pron ih ealig ecu, i to, etiolennitin sol, sai, ly ae sobs i a Pops oetsene nent ae, am ss iD estore of Test Svatany Document The SOLE (te owl Li Cs) pends ote st sey me. terme stig ut vite ice, it wii, beer These ane evenly te loning pe + Dose ner ty mange BE Comores of Tet SrtgyDscumant ~~ 8 2 Fis + Rikaabie Lec tem ce ye robe td 1. Sep and verde Any pot ri wl pi shu es pe 2 Teng metal: Teng neti eset mo ne tet sey buen emt es rete ig ce ean ie ett bend ol men Ao lope elaine ee pt cet ih vk ene 2 Tee emiranmet speciation + Teng enone ian © noe The sot dt regen inten open 6 We ety on The ino eng ei oy ea ct pid sisson l nr ce met nate eer ee “he da gn eran hy, ol ma thd cei eof he pd ac pre rode te nem mo ten em ome {Rem cone: Th la ft ya ey pi. rman (6 ann: Tens potion eel nomen ini rn ER RTO wpa TRAE om sarang se a ne aoe sins epee 2 BEAD 00s or est satis 4. Suna compan or roses compan stony ab es + ted epic ee ie lp he nla Me 2 ey ‘et coe td at at same by flee he pes fees ‘+ Ae ees 1+ Slr wot ere cin ay + ste egg ep ee ty + cComitene ey thrid om oy i et Me inte iain te Scat + Wis emt ts tae 6+ dee ay dd (OTS) a « 1+ Toran emt logy tiny, sn ae kates “+ Tema die Ae oe ne ec we ately tant ne es pro ide 1 tea etd acy ng et ep de at +a es fe ing ih cad by te nese ot ane tny ‘+A aon! ot ft ey te eal ech ic ly at ‘ene in Tm In ti, nm a ae ‘Sh Cn arenes he ning eng bn ok + Boa he ets ht tr al weet det epee he siren ied sp inary gr ernie e + Lets ay pe se Sem Al mab htt, a gi ‘il ea omen a ey son ai te ring ‘ect fre tay eign pn i + Masa pens Ht tie US FDA Fd nt Og Ai) pun ae Maa ty 1A = de ye flag Ki of tsa lie ‘oie unt A te od ed bd on at ttn te (heen ahr ste fe tat ep ply copases ring repens fr Ho exo tay + ser -dice tig te ape of et onsen vn ec en bey sce tment own ‘eres ih yw et ego th er merce EE ecouresRecuiremts ts rl ferent of he rt, ces ee at st chasm, ft dete sft er eit ate Thee cheno galinian on ar of pe. (1 ypc ae er al cn, Howe ane es eet oes Can delet ee ems es =e EE TERT ae sot sng ncn ast esr, “+ Rew cmpen Tefen ceo mpl ened tore sme ogo set i i dye prc The bling ‘Sef te et ny eps il eg te tre deme! Fro ee Wm compan Clyne aed de ‘nd heme compen, On fe et rel opie ef ‘reo me mn bd Rane asus nef so feos a pny lve ey hee Sl at of eel ae nae a: oe we ely pee 8 ed conga fe Foci sed ca mp compe wrk de se ul pet ten cn ft a a ow ek re mateo ty ‘ry Bib restscneaue os pin eta he prone rng i 8 > selena cee EES meant tec nto aT Dat ees aT Does SH asic ar Tere Dey vo | pit oche a Conan ae mm ‘estes Depron, Alf eT Dan he Se ae ba & ine] na ae Me Tf rete TERRE aT et Ee eee) iD est cases Awe sda tof mtn in tite ‘ate oan penta anne eet bt Fein enn, poset an apa ane a ine oo ce ep ancy te ot oe tee om oi, & SO Ge E> + Wacom dat tet ps pane ate a Sepia ep sd fr ete se Wig et ‘Stone tt ny bed erin ni ee +h tet ee poe cage tone ing ph, tig es, pci, al md eT aed ol gion ‘gp ne tir est popmeticcmi a eng at he ca ‘evn Soe. + Byam een wd es I, hee i rit fa dep oe ting ita ere diag te tn help ee, he det! ote mente a ele ‘ms tinge + Msn te a eh i ay oe ing chi ‘twee te ena om ie etc ep Thm eer at cin whl le pe ret cn al te eins yw +, Wasnt ep tip meting th wey et re ee cerre i te ae eos aa ecrmg eee ge tn 22 Eat 4 Wied rites? + Ream pe tity chen Geen ene. 1+ Tt ele sts tat ae 35 mat mp po ae 8 | ee eee oie comme este Rletine 4+ Te tig am ig dei eet cs the ne egamens © Aterconpe ite et el ean. ey rr Theo thet ent ete deeper ne hed sig on pay of eo apie ett emer ese eH Pranain (ig epee, = rwetette tte? oh prartnaguechanirteiero dye as Soe. donne oe ie fe et wl he ne stra seen Toone net cng, had cove al ti si a olga rem eo i pn; A opin a ly ng fore sed nt id efor el he Sr Te epee ‘iy ee pn yng tans sb ogee peg rae inal hep ne id se Sete ee oeireee eae tats eee Se a eet ad oviog nw at narec Wide tin The a eee {tp yi wh nor canon Se a ew ge + Tate te "Misys i cae oy 20k, we iy re a ig, pie ART RRTTT AR TRL RT a

You might also like