Moedule-1 Predicate Asait = 2 eld he Loma Bidets woue mm a dnsic units ce dormules were. analued - oe i twas net poestlale express the fad thak ay 2 datements have seme gs m teen. Fmodey anvestigate quection of this nat we mbeoduce~ due concept of a prdicate wm a pemony- Statement - dhe Legic based on the iS oF predicates wm anu. ctatament is called predicate ee Aor exoomple , coded the bn stukements ceena 16 beatiful ary ie beaukfal | Th we expres Thee Staternent by symbol< we vequire. kusd different gamble ts denote them. the 2 symbols do wok eupess We comenon P - oc of Anece 2 Stckement - th we Uoddie. © os a RLSUSTIEMRETANER Aere “ie ancther way For obtamina- ciate ' Tythis wens we mbeduce the notatun of quantifiars euch as Val Gnd Bonet near Tat Univers al quomtcfiers M\ Mathematical skatemenk aseert thet a pro pel tu, io trae for all Nal ofa. Vawtabke ma pantiowlay Pomarva, Alled the Umivewe of dtecowmsa, euch a stalemem\- 1 expressed Ux umivercal quant - Aitakiwh i) OR ah hax been. wise! Wm the pease brea fn at « Vom able %. 7a4 where the Univiieg oO a) = § al?) = (2) If plod = 4 lt alae ol uwiate of all anes _ the plo) ag oT: (3) SP Qu = ‘got so where The Universe cera eb all veal voc thm the Avuth value of Fu Qa) iG Fe G® CA) FP plo) = Socio) where the universe venstsk of all xve’ wileqes 1.22.4 then 2c pla) = POD A parr PUIAPLL) agd co tne Teh de Value sh stat pin) SVN Ne = GY) kek peas on ic aw imkegar Rm) = 0 1s oth ave ov -ve. Thaw Yad ROO ie a compound prepocihion fi Obutonrly Aba] pd @ Ga] where the univer Arceure covnigt of ae oe at O lek pl y)s ox ie Faller than y 1b a ie taller Hom ithe y is nik salley-tum. PG 4) > 7p (ya)aS ~°<¢sos \E cam be symbolically Yeprecented as Wary PEXY) 5 4 Ply, W . Entistential Guamifiers ; The mtistential quambipeain’ ef pladic thee Preposthiin “here etek at Linsk eve ae For an 0) such Mak pi) ts tue” and ie” dimeted by He niet Fo pod “The symbel FSi called” the enistintial quamlabier . ; f The qrepomikvom Fac pov) is read as” fer come x, : poo* fers : Ags whan. pod denetis thr proposal En ax>3” the drath value ab Foe piog is T where the umivense of ~ desccouse, consists ” of atl teal mo-s Nested (Move than ene) quank\fars . We shall eensidered the, eae “Un which tu quomtifitrs oct on cambinations. : ee UE play) is « d-Place predicate Formuta , then the possibilities ave. bP de E NEY) ploy) rw, 1 6 C3q) Ploy)aa Fane amd bound tamiables when a quonbifier 4S watd ovr a Movs ial, a oe wham we howe te assign 4 Nalus. to di Nariabke to ger 4 prepootim We OCCUR OL We Vvartable vw cad tr be bonerd Mastable Ai» oeeuyance a Variable, that ‘le nok bowed bi qpamtifier er Hhak is gee aque t. & Powttul Value % said Av be Free. The pack of the logical expres toy o'r predfeate cprngula Ab which @ quombyfier 4 applied ne called We Scope of the auomkyfiy ALA) Rs Ho Plot) A QL) Free ot- play mee. Rules of Anfeamer . Ruledien aibeeed (er J og fe Ve Univereal Spdafteation Cus): Univevsal Speci tteatwh i we leide |mievemee which skates that ene can con dude Woks pte) GAvue if ata pt) is tw , where cis an. ovrbote ray member ef the umiverse - of discourse th vole is also called the umiversal mstantiatin 2 Rule €S:- Eaiskential Speer ficatuin is Hae vale which allowe ws to comdude thom ple) is tue, 1b Fn pew) '5 Ayr, where. iSet Sheowy- Pontition sek gf's 13 am nou ety collection. of aiejeeral NOW evry subset of my umien ts ‘s. Is called a paaktian the collecion of wt Attoa ponte S if amd onlay’ dy ay tori Cua Ay a ¢ for | #4 Strout be “ia, (cred a UAT = ~The Subsels ma partite are aloo called blacks i @ pankttann. ONDE Sie Mth $241, 9, 34,5 1b 44 C1 BHgn%4 Es mot a parktion» Sune asthe elem 6 1s missing 2 [413% tans nor a purtitiom, $134 $4.54 ave aol disjobned 31151984, Hoy Leyy Ih i a paskition 1b s-farbch wiike all the pastitiems of 6——————————— oe Pavattal Ovdev Relation A vatakin Row A: tS called a peurtia| Ory Relation oy partial Didermay Wt A IFR ig ul) Rofl nive > eR wer GH) Anti symmetic > (ab) & R amd (b 14) a => acb ahh) Sramsitite > Gb eR (hdERS (4, Dee A partial oderts denoted by ee,