1.

Young children often find it easier to memorize lists

of names by hearing, learning, and repeat simple, 6. Rwandan conservationist Edwin Sabuhoro is taking a
catchy musical settings. new approach to wildlife poaching prevention: luring
poachers away from crime by trained them to become
A NO CHANGE farmers.

B repeating A NO CHANGE

C they repeat B training

D can repeat C train

2. Anahid seeks to gain practical experience, to learn D trains

effective strategies, and acquiring knowledge about
education practices. 7. Backpacking across Europe requires fortitude,
stamina, and being strong.
A NO CHANGE
A NO CHANGE
B will acquire
B strong.
C acquire
C strength.
D to acquire
D stronger.
3. After meeting six simultaneous deadlines, Helen
wanted nothing more than to eat macaroni and cheese, 8. Jill was kind, thoughtful, and being considerate to her
curl up in a fetal position on the floor, and to go to friends.
sleep.
A NO CHANGE
A NO CHANGE
B considerate
B she curls
C considered
C curling
D consider
D to curl
9. The fennec fox hunts at night, digs out dens in sand,
4. The process of writing, revising, and to submit a and mate for life.
manuscript for publication can take months.
A NO CHANGE
A NO CHANGE
B mated
B submitting
C mates
C submit
D has mated
D submission
10. Relaxing by the poolside and sip a glass of
5. Beau could not decide whether he should become an lemonade are two of my favorite things to do.
astronaut, study medicine, or riding the garbage truck.
A NO CHANGE
A NO CHANGE
B sipping
B ride
C sipped
C he should ride
D to sip
D to ride

1
11. Sally aims to reach and retain one million users by 16. Artist Bill Domonkos manipulates old photographs,
the end of the year. alters video footage, and will superimpose GIFs to
create multimedia works of art.
A NO CHANGE
A NO CHANGE
B retaining
B has superimposed
C retained
C superimposes
D would retain
D had superimposed
12. The warrior hoisted his ruby-hilted sword, will twirl it
in the air, and slew the ugly dragon. 17. The scouts arranged the logs into a teepee shape,
placed the newspaper kindling inside, and by lighting
A NO CHANGE the match.

B twirl A NO CHANGE

C twirled B lighting

D to twirl C light

13. Little Red Riding Hood sauntered down the stairs, D lit
will whip her cape, and encountered the Big Bad Wolf.
18. The witch created an evil scheme by disguising
A NO CHANGE herself and enticing Snow White to eat the apple.

B whip A NO CHANGE

C whipped B entice

D whips C enticed

14. To demonstrate his interest in the University of D having enticed

California, Los Angeles, Sam visited the campus,
interviewed with the admissions officers, and has 19. Five hundred new fairy tales were recently
attended several classes. discovered in Germany; they have since been studied,
preserved, and archived.
A NO CHANGE
A NO CHANGE
B attended
B have been archived.
C attend
C being placed in an archive.
D attending
D are being archived.
15. On his rafting trip through the Grand Canyon,
Chase learned how to fish, building a fire, and repair a 20. The recent rise in popularity of fundraising sites like
split in the raft. GoFundMe and Indiegogo, Inc. has led one New York
Times writer to question whether our society is losing
A NO CHANGE sight of the distinction between what we want and what
we need.
B fire building
A NO CHANGE
C the steps to build a fire
B wanting and what we need.
D build a fire
C needs and what we want.

2
 D what we want and our needs. B emotionally.

21. Grunge music, such as that of Pearl Jam and C under emotion.
Nirvana, developed a reputation for being angsty,
distorted guitar sounds, and high-energy performances. D by emoting.

A NO CHANGE 26. The most common phobias include: fear of spiders,

sharks, and to speak in public.
B expressing angst,
A NO CHANGE
C angsty lyrics,
B public speaking.
D having angsty lyrics,
C to address the public.
22. The black-necked Aracari is a small toucan with a
red stripe across its yellow belly, an appetite for fruit, D how to give a public speech.
and has a large beak.
27. Hamlet is often characterized as rash,
A NO CHANGE unpredictable, and he is often in a state of melancholy.

B having a large beak. A NO CHANGE

C with a large beak B melancholy.

D a large beak. C has a melancholic streak.

23. In their self-written play, Bennie and his friends will D being melancholic.
play seventeen instruments, have a pie-eating contest,
and are performing tricks with a tiger. 28. Footgolf players must follow several rules, including
wearing proper golf attire, kicking the ball in a single
A NO CHANGE movement, and waiting to play until the ball has come
to a complete rest.
B performing
A NO CHANGE
C perform
B kicked
D have performed
C to kick
24. Despite his charming monologues and easy
manner, the late night host was naturally bashful, D having kicked
reclusive, and fearing public speaking.
29. Neither fabricating experience nor invented
A NO CHANGE references is an ethical way to get a job.

B fearful of public speaking. A NO CHANGE

C was scared of speaking in public. B to invent

D feared public speaking. C inventing

25. The brain's hippocampus, which is responsible for D has invented

location mapping and spatial navigation, may also help
people to orient themselves socially, hierarchically, and 30. By the year 2030, New York City aims to recycle
with emotions. and/or composts all of its garbage.

A NO CHANGE A NO CHANGE

3
 B composting A NO CHANGE

C compost B were unhappy with its popularity.

D composted C overly popular.

31. Mild-mannered and indecisive Bob could not D were worrying it was too popular.
choose between transitioning to a career in education
and stay in the field of law. 36. The man lifted his compost bin and discovers a
thousand writhing earwigs.
A NO CHANGE
A NO CHANGE
B staying
B lifted his compost bin and will discover
C stayed
C lifts his compost bin and discovers
D into staying
D lifts his compost bin and discovered
32. Forensic anthropologists recover remains, have
examined physical characteristics to determine 37. To land a job as a marketing agent, Joanne used a
geographical origins, and look for evidence of trauma. number of networking techniques, such as joining
professional trade groups, playing at golf courses, and
A NO CHANGE hosted potlucks.

B examine A NO CHANGE

C examined B hosting

D are examining C host

33. Regardless of a student's major, college is intended D was hosting

to teach communication, time management, and to be
accountable. 38. The professor had a reputation for being both
dreary and didn't like to wait.
A NO CHANGE
A NO CHANGE
B accountability.
B not waiting.
C being accountable.
C being impatient.
D to account for themselves.
D impatient.
34. Winston Churchill was an inspirational speaker, a
brilliant war strategist, and he loved extravagant food. 39. Visitors to Arkansas’s Crater of Diamonds State
Park are allowed to search for and keeping any
A NO CHANGE diamonds found on park grounds.

B a connoisseur of A NO CHANGE

C always appreciated B kept

D had a taste for C to keeping

35. When the knock-knock joke was first invented in the D keep
1930s, critics complained that it was absurd, falsely
intellectual, and worrying about its overwhelming 40. To protect the mountain gorillas of Virunga National
popularity. Park requires a deep knowledge of the forest, to

4
appreciate these rare animals, and immense courage in
the face of an ongoing conflict in the Congo.
A NO CHANGE
B an appreciation of
C appreciating
D they must appreciate
41. While still a caterpillar, the Large Blue butterfly
gains entry to the nests of Myrmica ants by falling to the
ground, to pretend to be one of the ants' own larvae,
and hitching a ride back to the colony.
A NO CHANGE
45. People praised Pushkin's ability to recognize the
spirit of the Russian people, develop characters which
embodied this spirit, and choosing the perfect words to
capture it on a simple piece of paper.
A NO CHANGE
B to choose
C choose
D chose
46. Hair archaeologist Janet Stephens recreates
ancient hairstyles, weaving with a needle, designing
hairpieces, and uses period-appropriate styling tools.

B pretending A NO CHANGE

C pretends B is using

D can pretend C used

42. Ginger is neither witty nor can deliver jokes, but D using
somehow she got her own late-night comedy show.
47. The moon contains crystalline igneous rocks, has
A NO CHANGE breccias, and soil.

B she's a good joke teller A NO CHANGE

C delivers good jokes B had breccias

D good at delivering jokes C breccias

43. For her senior trip, Evie can either travel to the D having breccias
Bahamas with her best friend or is allowed to tour
France with her French club. 48. After analyzing the rhythms in Ludwig van
Beethoven’s music, a team of cardiologists and music
A NO CHANGE experts concluded that the composer may have been
observing and, working from this process, to transpose
B is going to tour the patterns of an irregular heartbeat.

C tour A NO CHANGE

D is touring B transposing

44. Canadian scientists are working to develop a new C transpose

pill which could help people with celiac disease enjoy
foods like pasta, eating pizza, and soy sauce. D to write a transposition

A NO CHANGE 49. Henry had the luxury of choosing between serving

as in-house counsel for a growing fast food company
B pasta, pizza, and soy sauce. and being a speechwriter for Hillary Clinton.

C pasta, pizza, and consuming soy sauce. A NO CHANGE

D eating pasta, pizza, and soy sauce. B be

5
 C become
D in being
50. Congress explicitly stated that the intent of the
statute is to discourage bad-faith filing and curbing
debtors' abuse of the bankruptcy system.
A NO CHANGE
B to curb
C curbed
D would curb
51. Due to new federal regulations, international
travelers must consent not only to a fingerprint scan,
but also are also agreeing to a retina exam.
A NO CHANGE
B have also agreed
C also agree
D DELETE the underlined portion.
52. On a visit to the United States, Albert Einstein
established that he liked American bathrooms, was
despising Prohibition, and thought movies were an
interesting but underdeveloped medium.
A NO CHANGE
B had liked American bathrooms, despised
Prohibition, and thought
C liked American bathrooms, despised
Prohibition, and thinks
D liked American bathrooms, despised
Prohibition, and thought
53. According to Dr. Thomas Fingar, a speaker at the
Council for Foreign Relations in 2008, the intelligence
community should not only develop a list of high priority
questions, but also are guiding the collector on the best
way to obtain the answers.
A NO CHANGE
B provide guidance to
C to guide
D will guide
54. Cannery Row, a novel by John Steinbeck, depicts
the unpredictable and often troubling decisions of
several characters as they attempt, fail, and—finally—
succeeding in throwing a party.
A NO CHANGE
B succeed
C they succeed
D have succeeded
55. Three of the most important personal qualities for
anyone who desires a career in customer service are
humility, good manners, and having a well-developed
sense of humor.
A NO CHANGE
B to have
C has
D DELETE the underlined portion.
56. The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), one of the
largest regional trade agreements ever negotiated, has
generated both praise and controversy for its approach
to addressing environmental problems, redefining trade
relationships, and synthesizing the diverse interests of
the twelve involved countries.
A NO CHANGE
B to synthesize
C would synthesize
D has synthesized
57. The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA)
program, introduced in 2012, has given over half a
million undocumented individuals the opportunity to
obtain legal work authorization and becoming leaders
within their communities.
A NO CHANGE
B will become
C become
D have become
58. If you like to make robots, use 3D printers, or
experimenting with computerized numerical control
6
(CNC) tools, you might want to find the "makers" in
your area and collaborate!

A NO CHANGE

B to experiment

C can experiment

D experiment

59. Hungarian-American billionaire George Soros grew

an empire through his international investment fund and
went on to create the Open Society Foundation, which
has given almost half a billion dollars to issues
promoting human rights and government transparency.

A NO CHANGE

B having created

C creating

D to create

60. Despite the touristic appeal of its multicultural

heritage, historical significance, and has numerous
coastal towns, the Andalucia region of Spain struggles
with nearly 40 percent unemployment.

A NO CHANGE

B multicultural heritage, historical significance,

and coastal towns,

C historical significance, possesses a

multicultural heritage, and has numerous
coastal towns,

D numerous coastal towns, historical

significance, and the existence of a
multicultural heritage,