1 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

PRE-INTERMEDIATE UNIT 1 1.2

1.1 3A 1.4 SENTENCE STRESS and RHYTHM:
relationships Listen to the story. Did Joe and Ann know
1A 1.1 SENTENCE STRESS: questions each other for a long time before they got engaged?
Complete the questions. They all begin with a wh- Joe didn’t have a girlfriend,
question word. Then listen and check your ideas. He met Ann on a plane,
1 A: They talked a lot and got on well.
studying English? From Mexico to Spain.
B: Because I want to travel.
They fell in love in Malaga
2 A: ’s favourite
of music? And Joe proposed to Ann.
B: Rock music. She said ‘yes’, they got engaged.
3 A: What a happy man!
do homework? Why did she accept so soon?
B: In the library. She doesn’t really know.
4 A: time But they got married there and then
spend on Twenty years ago.
internet?
B: About two hours a day. B Underline the main stressed words in each line. What
5 A: do you notice about the last word in each line?
last film saw?
C Listen again and say the story with the speaker. Copy
B: The new James Bond film.
the stress and rhythm.
B Read the Pronunciation tip. Then listen again
and say the questions in Exercise 1A with the 1.3
speakers. Copy the sentence stress.
4A 1.5 LINKING: do you, did you, would you
PRONUNCIATION TIP Read the Pronunciation tip. Then listen and repeat the
questions.
Key words are stressed. They are longer, louder
and higher. The other words are usually weaker
PRONUNCIATION TIP
and are said faster.
What do you do? How did you get here today? In fast speech, we oen link Do you /dʒʊ/, Did you
/dɪdʒʊ/ and Would you /wʊdʒʊ/ together.

2A 1.2 SOUNDS and SPELLING: /ɪ/ /iː/ /ʊ/ 1 What did you do last night?
/uː/ /æ/ /ɑː/ Look at some different spellings 2 Did you watch the match?
of the sounds. Then listen and repeat the 3 Would you like a coffee?
sounds and words. Which sounds are short and 4 What would you like to drink?
which sounds are long?
5 Do you have the time?
/ɪ/ did, live, business 6 Where do you live?
/iː/ see, leave, police
/ʊ/ good, sugar, woman B 1.6 Listen to the questions and circle the phrases
/uː/ food, who, shoe you hear.
/æ/ happy, transport, pasta 1 Do you Did you Would you
/ɑː/ answer, car, laugh 2 do you did you would you
3 do you did you would you
B 1.3 Read the phonemes and try to say the
4 Do you Did you Would you
words. Listen and check. Then write the spelling.
5 Do you Did you Would you
1 /kiː/ 6 do you did you would you
2 /mɪnɪt/
3 /bʊk/
4 /skuːl/
5 /blæk/
6 /hɑːf/

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2 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

PRE-INTERMEDIATE UNIT 2 B 2.4 Listen and repeat the jobs in the box in
Exercise 3A.
2.1
4A 2.5 LINKING: adverbs of frequency Listen to
1A 2.1 WEAK AND STRONG FORMS: be Match the the poem. Is the speaker similar or different from
questions and answers to the stress patterns. you?
A: 1What are you doing? a) OoO On Monday I always go running.
B: We’re having a party.
2
b) oOooOo On Tuesday I go for a walk.
A: 3Are you having a good time? c) ooOooOO On Wednesday I oen go swimming
B: 4Yes, we are! d) OooOo Occasionally I sit down and talk.
A: 5Where are you working? e) oOoooOoo Once in a while I play tennis.
B: 6I’m working in a restaurant. f) OoOOoO Thursdays are sometimes baseball.
A: 7Are you working as a waiter? g) OooOo I never do sport on a Friday.
B: 8No, I’m not. I’m the chef! h) ooOoooOo Weekends I do nothing at all.

B Listen again and say A’s part with the speaker. On Saturday I usually sleep late
Then listen and say B’s part. I hardly ever get up until ten.
I need to relax at the weekend.
2 A SOUNDS and SPELLING: /ə/ /ɜː/ /ɒ/ /ɔː/ Look at On Monday I go running again.
the sounds in the circles and complete the words.
B Look at the linking between words. Which words are
/ə/ /ɜː/ linked in fast speech?
company employer weren’t early
sal ry cust m s vices w ker
C Read the Pronunciation tip. Then look at the poem
and mark the /j/ links between words.
int resting bon s g lfriend
conv sat n s name
PRONUNCIATION TIP
Only pronounce /j/ at the end of words when the
/ɒ/ /ɔː/ next word starts with a vowel sound.
office what four bought It’s Friday today and it’s my birthday.
w nted g ssip imp tant qu ter /j/
pr ducts w ked Add /j/ aer I or we when the next word starts with
w tched t t a vowel: Yes, I am. I always … we often …
/j/ /j/ /j/
B 2.2 Listen and repeat the sounds and the words.
D Listen again and say the poem with the speaker.
2.2
2.3
3A 2.3 WORD STRESS: jobs Complete the
sentences with a word from the box that matches 5A 2.6 WORD AND SENTENCE STRESS: types of
the stress pattern given. Do not use three of the work Listen and write eight sentences.
jobs. Then listen and check your answers.
B Underline the stressed syllables in the types of
TV presenter architect receptionist scientist work. Then listen again and repeat the sentences.
businessman electrician accountant plumber
1 We need a(n) Oo. There’s water
6A 2.7 STRESS and INTONATION: likes and
dislikes In the phrases below, which one or two
coming out of the bathroom!
words do you think are stressed? Listen and check.
2 She’s a famous Ooo who wins prizes
for her buildings. I can’t stand it. I absolutely love it. I don’t like it.
I hate it. I’m keen on it. I don’t mind it. I like it.
3 I’m a(n) oOo for small businesses.
I’m not very keen on it.
I check how they spend their money.
4 She works at the university as a(n) B Listen again. Do the speakers start the expressions
Ooo and studies the weather. high or low? Write H or L next to each one. Then
5 I became a(n) ooOo a year ago. listen and repeat. Pay attention to the stress and
Today, I’m putting in lighting in a hospital. intonation.

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3 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

PRE-INTERMEDIATE UNIT 3 4A 3.5 PRONUNCIATION: numbers and dates

How do you pronounce the numbers and dates in
3.1 the box? Listen and check.

1A 3.1 WEAK FORMS: future questions Look at 87,000,000 200,000,000 2.41 10.33 ⅓ ¾
the answers. What do you think the questions are? 1st July 20th September 50% 70%
Listen and write the questions.
1 No, we aren’t. We’re going to stay in the countryside. B 3.6 Complete the information with a number
2 I’m meeting a friend and we’re having dinner. or date from the box above. Then listen and check.
3 We’re going to take about three hundred dollars. 1 A cat spends of its time sleeping.
4 Yes, we’re having a barbecue at my parent’s house. 2 The biggest disco ball in the world is
5 We’re going to go for lots of long walks. metres across.
3 Over cars are made every year.
B Listen again and circle the weak forms of be and 4 is Love Your Teeth Day in China.
going to in the questions. Then say the questions at 5 Nearly of people in the world are
the same time as the speakers. overweight.

2A 3.2 SOUNDS and SPELLING: /ʌ/ /æ/ /e/

3.3
Write the words in the correct group in the table.
Then listen and repeat. 5 A WORD STRESS: two syllable words Look at the
exhibition band snack bus many again table. Start at ‘caller’ and go to ‘dinner’. Choose only
money atmosphere won pub gallery said words with the stress on the first syllable. Go up,
down, le or right.
/ʌ/ club /æ/ plan /e/ spend caller arrange repeat dinner
cancel business before moment
proposed message between happened
goodbye rescue towards Wednesday

B 3.3 Listen and number the sentences in each under listened over married
pair in the order you hear them. Then listen again
and repeat. B 3.7 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.
1 a) It’s a cat. b) It’s a cut. 6A 3.8 SENTENCE STRESS: telephone phrases
2 a) That’s my ankle. b) That’s my uncle. Read the Pronunciation tip. Then listen and
3 a) It’s a bed. b) It’s bad. underline the main stresses in the conversation.
4 a) Yes he said. b) Yes he’s sad.
5 a) It’s butter. b) It’s better. PRONUNCIATION TIP
6 a) We had money. b) We had many. Oen there is more than one stressed word in a
sentence. The main stress is oen on the last word
3.2 because it gives the most important information.
Can I book a table? Can I book a table for two?
3 A SOUNDS: present simple endings Read the class
survey. Tick ‘I do!’ if your answer is yes. A: This is Gina. Can I speak to Suzanna?
Class Survey B: I’m afraid she’s not here. She’s still at work.
1 Who relaxes by listening to music? I do!  A: Can I leave a message?
2 Who plays a musical instrument? I do!  B: Of course. Just a moment. I’ll get a pen. OK.
3 Who likes going to art galleries? I do!  A: Can you ask her to phone me?
4 Who gets on well with their B: Sure. And your name is Gina?
brothers or sisters? I do!  A: That’s right. Thank you very much.
5 Who washes their hair every day? I do!  B: No problem. Goodbye.
6 Who smiles a lot? I do!  A: Goodbye.

B 3.4 Underline the verbs in Exercise 3A. Then B Listen again and say the conversation with the
write the pronunciation of the ending: /s/, /z/ or speakers.
/ɪz/. Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.

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4 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
PRE-INTERMEDIATE UNIT 4
4.1
1 A STRESS and RHYTHM: present perfect Read
the conversation and choose the best title.
a) I’ve Done Everything
b) An International Business
c) An Interview for a Promotion
A: Have you ever made a speech in front
Of colleagues from Japan?
Or made a call in Japanese?
B: I haven’t, but I can.
A: Have you ever done a project with
Our people in Brazil?
Or else done business out in Greece?
B: I haven’t, but I will.
A: Have you ever made a meal for our
Director in Peru?
Or done well in business there?
B: I have, and oen do.
B 4.1 Circle the weak forms of have or
haven’t and underline the strong forms in
the conversation. Listen and check. Then
listen again and say the conversation with
the speakers.
2 A SOUNDS: diphthongs: /eɪ/ /aɪ/ /əʊ/
Read the Pronunciation tip. Then underline
five /eɪ/ sounds, tick three /aɪ/ sounds and
circle three /əʊ/ sounds in the sentences.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
Some common sounds in English are made
from two vowels. We call these sounds
diphthongs. Say the vowels separately faster
and faster to make the new sound.
/e/ + /ɪ/ = /eɪ/ make /æ/ + /ɪ/ = /aɪ/ like
/ə/ + /ʊ/ = /əʊ/ know
1 He never breaks his promises.
2 We sometimes wait over an hour for a train.
3 Do you ever fly business class?
4 Do you ever phone Australia?
5 He knows a lot of famous people.
6 Do you ever decide things in the middle of
the night?
B 4.2 Change all the sentences to the
present perfect. Are there any new examples
of the three sounds? Listen and check.
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4.2
3 4.3 WORD STRESS: school subjects Write the words
in the correct group in the table. Which word is not in any
of the patterns? Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.
science physics history literature languages IT
chemistry biology geography technology design
PE drama RE
Oo oO Ooo oOoo
4A 4.4 WEAK FORMS: must and can Read the text and
underline the correct alternatives. Then listen and check.
The IT school
At most schools students 1can/can’t use their smartphones in
class. They 2must/can leave them at home. However, at The
IT School we believe that students use modern technology
to learn. So they 3can/can’t use tablet computers in class and
they 4can/must also use their smartphones to find information
if they want to. In our special ‘quiet lessons’ students 5must/
mustn’t speak to their classmates. Our teachers 6must/mustn’t
all be keen on using the internet in their lessons.
B Listen again and say the text with the speaker. Copy the
weak forms of must and can in the positive sentences.
4.3
5A 4.5 WEAK AND STRONG FORMS: should Listen and
write eight sentences.
B Listen again. Is should weak or strong? Write w or s. Then
listen again and repeat. Copy the strong and weak forms
of should.
6 A SILENT LETTERS Read the conversations. Who is a) angry
b) tired?
Conversation 1
A: On Tuesday we went sightseeing and then on Wednesday
we went to an exhibition in the Design Museum.
B: Did you use the metro?
A: No, we walked. A lot!
Conversation 2
A: I phoned for a plumber at eight a.m. and he came at half
past eleven at night!
B: That’s terrible!
A: Yes, I’ve written an email to the company.
B 4.6 In each conversation find five words with silent
consonant letters. Cross out the silent letters. Then listen
and check.
5 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
PRE-INTERMEDIATE UNIT 5
5.1
1A 5.1 WEAK AND STRONG FORMS: was/were
Read the story and complete the final sentence.
Then listen and check.
The Smuggler
One day a guard was standing at the border
when he saw a young man on a bike. The man
was cycling slowly because he was carrying two
heavy bags. ‘What are you carrying young man?’
‘Straw.’ The guard looked in the bags. They were
full of straw and nothing else. The guard thought
‘Something is wrong’, but he said, ‘Go on.’
The same thing happened every day for
a year and then suddenly the young man
stopped coming. A month later, the guard saw
him in a supermarket. ‘For a year I watched
you every day. Tell me. Were you really only
carrying straw?’ ‘Yes, I was,’ said the young
man. ‘So you weren’t smuggling anything?’
‘I didn’t say that.’ ‘I don’t understand. What
were you smuggling?’ ‘ !’ said the
young man with a smile.
B Circle seven examples of was/were used as part
of the past continuous. Which examples are not
pronounced as weak forms? Why not?
C 5.2 Listen and repeat the sentences from
the story.
2A 5.3 SOUNDS and SPELLING: diphthongs
/ɑʊ/ /ɔɪ/ Read the Pronunciation tip. Then circle
the word in each group with a different sound from
the others. Listen and check.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
Say the vowels separately faster and faster to make
the diphthongs.
/æ/ + /ʊ/ = /ɑʊ/ now /ɔ/ + /ɪ/ = /ɔɪ/ coin
1 town flown down brown
2 going voicemail join point
3 underground accountant famous south
4 employee enjoyed lawyer saw
5 outdoors loud south enough
6 noise boy oil doing
B Look at the words in Exercise 2A. What are two
common spellings of /ɑʊ/ and two common
spellings of /ɔɪ/?
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5.2
3 A CONNECTED SPEECH: omitting sounds Read a
travel review of a hotel. How many stars do you
think this person gave the hotel?
***** = excellent * = very poor
PatnTom82:
We decided to have a weekend break and we wanted
to stay in a good hotel. We arrived late but the
receptionists were friendly and one of them helped to
carry our bags upstairs. We had a problem with the TV
but the manager promised to send someone to fix it
and five minutes later someone came. There was a big
problem though – we expected to have a good night’s
sleep, but in the middle of the night the fire alarm went
off and we had to get up and go outside.
B Read the Pronunciation tip. Then in Exercise 3A
cross out six /d/ or /t/ sounds that are not
pronounced at the end of verbs.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
When one word ends with /t/ or /d/ and the next
word is to, we don’t usually pronounce the final /t/ or
/d/, e.g. We stopped to speak. I need to leave early.
C 5.4 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat.
5.3
4A 5.5 SENTENCE STRESS and INTONATION:
correcting Listen to the conversation and
underline the main stressed word in sentences 1–3.
A: Go right at Greek Street.
B: OK, so I go le at Greek Street.
A: 1No, go right at Greek Street.
B: OK, right at Creek Street.
A: 2No, go right at Greek Street.
B: OK, so I go right at Greek Road.
A: 3No, you go right at Greek Street!
B 5.6 Which word is stressed in B’s part? Listen
and check. Then listen and repeat B’s part.
1 A: So it’s called the Grand Hotel?
B: No, the Grand Motel.
2 A: So you’d like a boat trip?
B: No, a coach trip.
3 A: So that’s five euros eighty.
B: No, six euros eighty.
4 A: So I go to the centre.
B: No, go through the centre.
5 A: So that’s seven euros ninety.
B: No, seven dollars ninety.
6 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

PRE-INTERMEDIATE UNIT 6 B 6.5 In the conversations, which

words can be contracted? Listen and
6.1 check. Then listen again and say the
conversations with the speakers.
1 6.1 SOUNDS REVIEW: sports Listen to the sounds and the
1 A: Do you think she will come?
sports. Circle the word with a different sound from the others.
B: Yes, I am sure she will.
Then listen again and repeat.
2 A: I am certain they will change
1 /ɪ/ badminton swimming skiing cricket their minds.
2 /aɪ/ cycling windsurfing horse riding scuba-diving B: No, they will not.
3 /ɒ/ football boxing squash jogging 3 A: What do you think you will do?
4 /ɔː/ horse racing snorkelling basketball surfing B: I do not know yet. I will not make
5 /əʊ/ snowboarding volleyball yoga judo a decision until tomorrow.
6 /eɪ/ rollerblading sailing skateboarding karate

2A 6.2 WEAK FORMS: have, for Listen to the conversations. 6.3

How do the speakers pronounce have, has and for?
5A 6.6 SENTENCE STRESS: at the
1 A: How long have you studied English here? doctor’s Read the conversation and
B: I’ve been a student for over a year. underline the main stresses in each
2 A: How long has she been in that hot air balloon? line. Then listen and check.
B: For eight hours now. She’s coming down soon. A: What’s the problem?
3 A: How long have you lived in the USA? B: I’m worried about my arm.
B: We’ve been here for a year today. A: Can I have a look at it?
4 A: How long has he known my brother Ben? B: Yes of course.
B: For a long time now. Nine months, no ten. A: Where does it hurt?
B: It’s painful here.
B Say the questions and answers with the speakers. Copy the
A: How long have you had this problem?
sentence stress and weak forms.
B: For about two weeks.
A: It’s nothing to worry about.
6.2
B: Should I have some time off?
3 6.3 WORD STRESS: food Complete the sentences with a A: I’m sure it’ll get better soon.
word that matches the stress pattern. Then listen and check.
B Cover the conversation in Exercise 5A.
1 I don’t like Ooo. Listen again and use the prompts to
(fizzy drinks/vegetables/onions) respond to speaker A. Pay attention to
2 Could I have the Oo, please? the sentence stress.
(mussels/dessert/courgettes)
arm > yes > here > two weeks > time off
3 I can’t find the oOo.
(kiwi fruit/pineapple/bananas) 6A 6.7 CONSONANT CLUSTERS with
4 Do you like OoO? ‘l’ and ‘r’ Read the Pronunciation tip.
(leg of lamb/cucumber/soya beans) Then listen and compare the words.
5 I’m not keen on oO.
(spinach/lettuce/ice cream) PRONUNCIATION TIP

4A 6.4 CONTRACTIONS Listen and number the sentences in Many words in English have consonant
clusters with ‘l’, e.g. clock, flu, sleep,
each pair in the order you hear them.
glasses; or ‘r’, e.g. dress, free, bread,
1 a) They won’t come here. pressure.
b) They want to come here.
2 a) I don’t think I’ll like it. 1 pay, play 6 tea, tree
b) I don’t think I like it. 2 love, glove 7 rice, price
3 a) We’ve already paid. 3 late, plate 8 ride, cried
b) We already paid. 4 loud, cloud 9 wrote, throat
4 a) We weren’t trying hard. 5 peas, please 10 tie, try
b) We were trying hard.
5 a) I’d like different vegetables. B Listen again and repeat the pairs of
b) I like different vegetables. words.

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7 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

PRE-INTERMEDIATE UNIT 7 7.2

7.1 3A 7.3 WORD STRESS: common verbs Underline the
stressed syllable in the verbs in the box. Which two verbs
1A 7.1 WEAK AND STRONG FORMS: verbs have a different stress pattern from the others? Listen and
+ prepositions Complete the conversations check.
with prepositions. Then listen and check.
arrest remove travel improve compare
1 A: What are you looking ? pretend design arrive enjoy appear decide
B: I’m looking my keys. exchange repeat happen relax return
2 A: What are you thinking ?
B: I’m thinking the weekend. B 7.4 Complete the sentences with the past simple form
3 A: What are you waiting ? of a verb from the box in Exercise 3A. Then listen and check.
B: I’m waiting your answer. 1 She first in a 1985 movie.
4 A: Who are you talking ? 2 I I couldn’t hear her.
B: I’m talking Mum. 3 I my details from the website.
5 A: What are you taking a photo ? 4 He by the swimming pool.
B: I’m taking a photo the river. 5 We to leave the hotel.
B Listen again. Are the prepositions weak (w) 6 What when you saw her?
or strong (s)? When are they weak and when
are they strong?
C Match the verbs in Exercise 3B with the stress patterns:
oO, Oo, oOo. Then listen again and check.
C Listen again and say the conversations with
the speakers. Copy the weak and strong 4A 7.5 LINKING: so, to Read the Pronunciation tip. Then
forms of the prepositions. listen to six questions and write down the answers.

2A 7.2 STRESS and RHYTHM: used to PRONUNCIATION TIP

Complete the poem with words from the box.
You do not need two of the words.
Listen and check.
brown wrong down be free town
sea Hong Kong me long
I used to be a businessman
With an office in 1 .
The pay was good, my flat was big
But there was something 2
I used to wear a business suit
Of black or sometimes 3
I used to take the tram each day
At six o’clock to 4 .
I used to say my job was great
When people questioned 5
Inside I used to die each time.
I wanted to be 6 ! /ɪ/ + /ə/ = /ɪə/ near, here /e/ + /ə/ = /eə/ Where? there
Aer so and to when the next word begins with a vowel sound
(to eat, so I), join them with a /w/ sound. To eat /tʊwiːt/
sounds like: to wheat. So I /səʊwaɪ/ sounds like: so why.
B Listen again and say the answers with the speakers. Copy
the linking /w/ sounds.
7.3
.
5 A SOUNDS: diphthongs /ɪə/ /eə/ Read the Pronunciation
tip. Then complete the sentences with a word with one of
. the sounds. Write the sound next to the sentence.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
Say the vowels separately faster and faster to make the
.
diphthongs.

One day I le Hong Kong behind. 1 You can get a snack in the cafeteria /ɪə/
I live now by the 7 . 2 The wel office can help you with any problems.
I le my job and flat, and le 3 Go ups and the registration desk is on your right.
The man I used to 8 . 4 The conference started earl than I expected.
B Listen again and say the poem with the 5 Do you have any recent exp as a receptionist?
speaker. Copy the sentence stress and the 6 The stationery shop is in University Squ .
weak form of used to /juːstə/. 7 I think English is eas than Chinese.
8 Do we have enough ch in the lecture theatre?

B 7.6 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.

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8 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

PRE-INTERMEDIATE UNIT 8 B Read the Pronunciation tip. Then mark the links in
the multi-word verbs in Exercise 3A.
8.1
PRONUNCIATION TIP
1 A SOUNDS and SPELLING: /s/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ Read the
Pronunciation tip. Then in the conversations find Many multi-word verbs have a link between the two
four examples of each sound: /s/, /z/, /ʃ/ and /ʒ/. parts, e.g. look up, get on well. They also oen have
a link with a pronoun e.g. look it up.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
Most consonant sounds look the same as letters in 4 A SOUNDS and SPELLING: ‘gh’ Look at the groups. In
the alphabet, e.g. /b/ /d/ /s/ /z/ etc. Two sounds which group(s) is the ‘gh’ silent?
that look different are: /ʃ/ shopping, machine and
/ʒ/ treasure, decision. /aɪ/ /ɔː/
night might caught daughter
Conversation 1 eight frightening through bought
A: Anything good on television tonight?
B: How about a film from Brazil?
A: With subtitles or dubbed? /eɪ/ /f/
B: I’m not sure. There’s no information here. straight weight enough laugh
neighbour height thought cough
A: They’re usually dubbed.
Conversation 2
A: The aubergine is delicious! B 8.4 Cross out one word in each group with
B: Thank you. I’ll tell the chef. a different pronunciation. Listen and check.
A: Do you have the recipe? Then listen again and repeat.
B: No, but it’s from Malaysia.

B 8.1 Listen and check. Then listen again and 8.3

say the conversations with the speakers.
5A 8.5 INTONATION: complimenting Look at the
conversations. Cross out the incorrect alternative.
2 8.2 RHYTHM IN COMPLEX SENTENCES: relative
Then listen to the conversations and circle the
clauses Listen to the definitions. Is the relative
word/phrase the speaker uses.
pronoun (who, which, that, etc.) stressed? Then
listen again and say the sentences with the speaker. 1 A: I like/I love/I’d love your ring. Is it new?
1 It’s a place where people look aer your money. B: Thanks. It’s from Peru. I got it at the airport last
month.
2 It’s a thing that you use to carry money and credit
cards. 2 A: That’s a great/amazing/nice watch. Can I have a
look?
3 It’s a person who gives money to a product or
business. B: Sure. It was a present from my dad.
4 It’s a place where you go to borrow books. 3 A: That dress looks/is/appears really good on you.
5 It’s a thing that you use to watch films. B: Thank you. It’s one of my favourites. I’ve had it
for years.
4 A: Nice ear-phones/camera/laptop. Where did you
8.2 get it?
3A 8.3 LINKING: multi-word verbs Complete the B: Thanks. I got it on the internet.
poems with a verb. Then listen and check.
B Listen again. Does speaker A start the compliments
1 What’s the name of that famous dancer? high or low? Why? Listen again and say A’s part with
No, I up. I don’t know the answer. the speakers.
2 I’m terribly hungry. I’m getting a snack.
Can you over until I come back?
3 ‘Can you lend me your phone? My battery’s dead.
I’ll it back later, I promise,’ he said.
4 I don’t have time to go out and play.
Working at home up most of my day.
5 The magician said the magic word,
And then his assistant into a bird.

© Pearson Education Limited 2016

9 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

PRE-INTERMEDIATE UNIT 9 B 9.5 Reorder the letters to make words

with the sounds. The first letter of each is
9.1 underlined. Then listen and check.
1 It’s an area of (artluna)
1A 9.1 CONSONANT CLUSTERS with ‘s’ Read the
beauty but can be quite
Pronunciation tip. Then listen and compare the words. (ragusoned).
2 Are you going to (thawc)
PRONUNCIATION TIP the Argentina−Chile football
Many words in English have consonant clusters with ‘s’. (tacmh)?
These can be at the beginning, e.g. study, sky; in the middle, 3 I’ve just (donjie) a
e.g. classroom, biscuit; or at the end, e.g. biggest, disc. (shecs) club at the local
youth club.
1 key, ski 4 low, slow 7 mall, small 4 Look in the kitchen. There’s some
2 cool, school 5 no, snow 8 take, steak (chinspa) in the
3 top, stop 6 pain, Spain (redfig).

B 9.2 Add ‘s’ in the words in two places in each C In Exercise 3B circle all the /tʃ/ sounds and
sentence. Listen and check. Then listen again and repeat. underline all the /dʒ/ sounds. How many
1 It’s the bet hopital in town. best different spellings can you find for each
2 I’m trying to lose weight, so no nacks or weets for me. sound?
3 A: Can I peak to Anna?
B: Jut a minute. I’ll get her. 9.3
4 I’ve had a tomachache for three days and I can’t leep.
5 Sorry, you can’t moke in the ports Centre.
4 A SOUNDS: animals Look at the conversations
and underline the correct words/phrases to
make rhymes.
9.2 Conversation 1
2A 9.3 SENTENCE STRESS: articles Complete the facts A: Listen! There! Is that a bear?
with a, an, the or – (no article). Listen and check. Which B: You’re right! Or it could be 1a pair/quite near!
fact is not true? A: What’s that sound? 2That really short noise?/
It’s nearly caught us!
FUN FACTS ABOUT NATURE B: Don’t be scared. It’s just a tortoise!
Conversation 2
DID YOU KNOW THAT:
A: Did you see that crocodile?
1 lemons contain more sugar than strawberries?
B: It’s looking for 3the River Nile/a nice big meal.
2 Pacific Ocean is largest ocean in world?
A: Is that a leopard or a cheetah?
3 Europe is only continent without desert?
B: Its tail is longer than 4my guitar/a metre.
4 mice can go through hole the size of
ballpoint pen?
5 underground river runs under Amazon? B 9.6 Listen and check. Then listen and
repeat.
6 In St Petersburg in late June sky is never dark
at night?
5A 9.7 INTONATION: certainty/
uncertainty Listen to the conversations and
B Look at the examples of ‘the’ in the facts. Is it pronounced complete the sentences.
/ðə/ or /ðiː/ in each case? Why? 1 It be pink.
C Listen again and say the facts with the speakers. 2 It be Bill.
3 She be from Brazil.
3A 9.4 SOUNDS and SPELLING: /ʃ/ /tʃ/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/ 4 he didn’t get much sleep.
Listen and repeat the sounds, words and phrases. What is 5 It be hers.
the difference between the sounds? 6 he missed his train.
1 /ʃ/ /ʃ/ > wash, wash > Shall I wash the car?
2 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ > watch, watch > Shall I watch the car? B Listen again. In which sentences do the
3 /ʒ/ /ʒ/ > Asia, Asia > We met at the ‘Asia Five’. speakers sound really uncertain? Write U
next to the sentences. How do you know they
4 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ > age, age > We met at the age of five.
are uncertain?

© Pearson Education Limited 2016

10 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

PRE-INTERMEDIATE UNIT 10 10.2

10.1 3 10.5 WORD STRESS: crime and punishment
Complete the sentences with words from the box
1A 10.1 SOUNDS and SPELLING: /p/ /b/ /f/ /v/ with the same stress pattern. Do not use all the
/k/ /g/ Listen and number the sentences in each words. Then listen and check.
pair in the order you hear them. Then listen again
and repeat. speeding shopliing fraud the graffiti
murder drink driving victim judge criminal
1 a) Is that a pear? b) Is that a bear? shoplier thief investigate shot arrested
2 a) My pack hurts. b) My back hurts. broke in sentences
3 a) I need a fan. b) I need a van.
4 a) We li in a gym. b) We lived in a gym. 1 He saw the Oo at six o’clock, just
before the Oo took place.
5 a) This is cold. b) This is gold.
2 The store detective oOo her for
6 a) It’s a small class. b) It’s a small glass.
Ooo.
B 10.2 Look at the sentences. Which two sounds 3 The city has a real problem with oOo.
does each one practise? Listen and repeat. Copy Longer Ooo might stop this
the sounds. happening.
1 Parking is a big problem in Barcelona. People use 4 The bank has lost millions through computer
public transport. O. They now have special officers
to oOoo this.
2 The old buildings by the river are best. They’re
very beautiful and have a lot of visitors. 5 Aer the city council introduced road cameras last
year, Oo and OOo
3 The people are friendly and polite. It’s a fantastic
have halved.
place for families.
4 The ferry leaves at five past every hour. It’s very
frequent and fast. 10.3
5 I like the city. It’s clean and green with not much
crime. I go there regularly.
4A 10.6 STRESS and RHYTHM: problems Listen to
the poem. Can you think of a better title?
2A 10.3 LINKING: questions with like? Read The Best Things in Life
the Pronunciation tip. Then mark the linking in There are people who drop litter
questions 1–6. Listen and check. Then listen again And others who use Twitter.
and repeat. Computers crashing all the time
And everywhere there’s crime.
PRONUNCIATION TIP Bad service on the trains
In fast speech, when a word ends in /s/ or /z/ and And delays on many planes.
the next word is he/his or she/her, notice how we lose Talking loudly on the phone
sounds: In the train’s quiet zone.
When does he leave? What’s his job? A telephone that’s faulty,
/dəzɪ/ /wɒtsɪz/ And food that’s much too salty.
What does she do? What’s her name? Getting stuck in a traffic jam
/dəʃɪ/ /wɒtsə/ And a computer full of spam.

B Say the poem with the speakers. Copy the stress

1 What’s he like? and rhythm.
2 What’s she like?
3 What’s his flat like? 5A 10.7 INTONATION: sounding firm but polite
4 What was he like? Listen to the complaints. Which one sounds more
5 What was she like? polite, 1 or 2?
6 What was her dress like? 1 I’m afraid I have a complaint. 1 2
2 There’s a problem with the air-conditioning. 1 2
B 10.4 Listen to the sentences and reply with one 3 Could you help me? My TV doesn’t work. 1 2
of the questions in Exercise 2A. 4 Excuse me, could I speak to the manager? 1 2
5 I’ve been here for over an hour. 1 2

B 10.8 Listen and repeat the complaints. Try to

sound polite.
© Pearson Education Limited 2016
11 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

PRE-INTERMEDIATE UNIT 11 11.2

11.1 3 A WORD STRESS: feelings Write a stress pattern
from the box next to the adjectives. You can use the
1A 11.1 LINKING: present perfect answers patterns more than once but don’t use one of the
Match 1–5 with a)–e) to make conversations. patterns.
Then listen and check.
O Oo oO oOo oOoo oOooo
1 Would you like a coffee?
2 Have you seen the film? 1 bored 5 nervous
3 I’ll go and pay the bill. 2 amazed 6 uncomfortable
4 Can you send me the report? 3 worried 7 lonely
5 Are you ready to leave? 4 excited 8 confused
a) Sorry. I haven’t done it yet.
B 11.4 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.
b) It’s OK. I’ve already done it.
c) Yes, I’ve just finished. 4A 11.5 STRESS and RHYTHM: real conditionals
d) No thanks, I’ve already had one. Listen and write six sentences.
e) I haven’t yet but I’m going to.
B Listen again and repeat. Pay attention to the
B In responses a)–e), mark any consonant to vowel rhythm of each sentence and the weak form of will.
links and two places where a /t/ can be le out.

C Listen again and check. Then listen and say the 11.3
answers with the speaker.
5 A SOUNDS and SPELLING: /ð/ /θ/ Read the
2A 11.2 SOUNDS: /w/ /v/ Listen and repeat the Pronunciation tip. Then answer the questions.
words and phrases.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
/w/ webpage, network, world wide web
/v/ video, save a file, a visitor’s visa The spelling ‘th’ is common in English. The voiced
sound /ð/ is oen used at the beginning of
B 11.3 Underline the correct alternatives to grammatical words, e.g. the, they, these. ‘Th’ can also
complete the poems. Think about the rhymes. be unvoiced, e.g. /θ/ thing, bathroom, north.
Then listen and check.
There was a young vet from Peru, 1 Say these words: sing, thing, sing; day, they, day.
What is the difference between /s/, /d/, /ð/ and
Who wanted to work in a school/zoo.
/θ/?
He loved vampire bats/steaks
2 In these sentences, which ‘th’ spellings have the
And very big cats/cakes
voiced sound /ð/? Which ones have the unvoiced
And everything with wings that flew/ran. sound /θ/?
The wonderful Wizard of Oz a) That’s right.
Is leaving his workplace because/and then b) That’s true.
Other wizards have said/agree c) I think so too.
And have voted instead/that he d) The men both think that the internet is a waste
Isn’t quite the fine wizard he was/we thought. of time.
A visitor from Vietnam B Look at the table. Start at ‘thanks’ and go to
Was stuck in a big traffic jam/queue ‘Thursday’. Choose only words with a /θ/ sound.
‘In future in York/London Go up, down, le or right.
Are you going to walk/run?’
thanks this together Thursday
He quickly replied ‘Yes, I am/will.’
through other mother south
C Listen again and say the poems with the speakers.
the theatre clothes thousand
Copy the /w/ and /v/ sounds.
their both weather thirsty
Thailand nothing birthday month

C 11.6 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.

© Pearson Education Limited 2016

12
PRE-INTERMEDIATE UNIT 12
12.1
1A 12.1 WORD STRESS: films Write ten types of
film from lesson 12.1. Then listen and check.
B Listen again and find four types of film with the
stress pattern Ooo. Underline the main stressed
syllables in the other types of film. Then listen and
repeat.
2 A CONTRASTIVE STRESS and INTONATION Look at
the quotes. Which group is from a) a job application
to be a tourist guide, b) a phone call to work and
c) a personal profile on a website?
1 a) ‘I’m thirty-one.’
b) ‘I’m a lawyer.’
c) ‘I have a big flat in town.’
2 a) ‘I can speak French.’
b) ‘I know Paris well.’
c) ‘I can drive.’
3 a) ‘I don’t feel well.’
b) ‘I’m staying in bed today.’
c) ‘I’ll phone you this aernoon.’
B 12.2 Listen to the conversations and correct
the information about each person. Make notes
next to the quotes in Exercise 2A.
1 a) ‘I’m thirty-one.’ forty.
C 12.3 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat. Copy the stress and intonation.
He said he was thirty-one, but in fact he’s forty.
12.2
3 A WORD STRESS: unstressed suffixes Read the
Pronunciation tip. Then circle twelve suffixes in
sentences 1–4.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
We never stress suffixes: celebration.
/ə/
The suffix very oen has the sound /ə/.
1 I’m a photographer and also a travel writer.
2 He’s a famous climber. He’s very adventurous and
goes to dangerous places.
3 She’s a wonderful doctor, really helpful and very
successful.
4 I’ve never met a politician who’s also a musician
before.
B 12.4 Which suffixes are pronounced /ə/
(teacher), and which are pronounced /ʊ/ (look)?
Listen and check. Then listen again and repeat.
© Pearson Education Limited 2016
PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
4A 12.5 CONTRACTIONS: hypothetical
conditionals Look at the sentences. Which words
can be contracted in fast speech? Listen and check.
1 If I had more money, I would buy a new phone.
2 She would tell me if she knew anything.
3 If I were you, I would not ask.
4 He would do well if he worked harder.
B Write the sounds in the box in the correct place
under the contractions in Exercise 4A. Then listen
again and say the sentences with the speakers.
/hɪd/ /ʃɪd/ /wʊdənt/ /aɪd/
C 12.6 Listen and write five sentences. Then
listen again and say the sentences with the
speakers. Copy the stress and contracted forms.
12.3
5A 12.7 INTONATION: offers Listen and underline
the word/phrase you hear.
1 Shall I bring you the dessert/drinks menu?
2 Do you want me to come back later when you’ve
chosen/decided?
3 I’ll organise a taxi to take you home/to your hotel,
if you like.
4 Shall I get/bring you some water?
5 Would you like me to phone/call you back?
B Listen again. Do the offers start high or low? Say
the offers with the speakers.
6A 12.8 SENTENCE STRESS: asking for more time
Listen to the conversation. Where does B work?
How does she feel?
A: Hello, I can’t get into my room.
Could you give me another key?
And would you be able to iron my shirt?
B: Can you give me a moment? I’ll see.
A: Hello, hello. Is anyone there?
I think I’ve forgotten my book.
And we’d like to go out to a good restaurant.
B: Hold on a moment, I’ll look.
A: Hello, hello. It’s me again.
Yes, me in room seventy-nine.
Would it be OK to book a boat tour?
B: Just a moment, I’ll check it online.
B Listen again and say B’s part with the speaker.
Then listen and say A’s part. Pay attention to the
stress and rhythm.

PRE-INTERMEDIATE
ANSWER KEY
UNIT 1
1.1
1A
You could elicit a range of wh- question
words, e.g. What, Who, Where, Why, When,
What time, How, How much, How many. etc.
Alternative answers here could be kind or
sort. The audio has type.
1
2
Why are you studying English?
What’s your favourite type of music?
3 Where do you do your homework?
4 How much time do you spend on the
internet?
5 What was the last film you saw?
1B
As an alternative to ‘listen and repeat’,
it’s sometimes very useful for Ss to say
words or sentences at the same time as
a speaker. This is oen called ‘shadow
reading’. In Ex 1B this will help Ss mimic
the sentence stress and pronounce other
words quickly and in an unstressed way.
Aer they finish, Ss in pairs or groups
could ask each other the questions.
2A
If your own pronunciation has features
which are different, for example
pronouncing the ‘r’ in part or shortening
/ɑː/ to /æ/ in answer, be careful when
drilling. Ss may well be interested that
you have a slightly different way of
saying these words from the RP accent.
Of course, both ways are acceptable but
it is recommended that Ss practise one
version at this point.
Short sounds: /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /æ/
Long sounds: /iː/ /uː/ /ɑː/
Phonemics show long sounds with /ː/.
2B
It’s important that Ss realise the value of
learning phonemic symbols. You could
write on the board knee and friend and
ask Ss how the spelling is different from
the pronunciation and what the problem
is in each case.
In knee (/niː/) the spelling and sounds
are different. We don’t pronounce the ‘k’.
In friend there are two letters but only
one sound /e/.
You could also write on the board /bred/,
/sed/ and /iːt/, ask Ss what the words are
(bread, said and eat) and show them how
a good dictionary (electronic or
PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
paper) uses phonemic symbols. Knowing
the symbols will help Ss to work out the
pronunciation on their own.
Encourage Ss to note any unusual
pronunciation when they write a new
word in their notebooks. Note that many
of the consonant symbols are the same
as letters and these are the ones that are
used in Ex 2B.
1 key 2 minute 3 book 4 school
5 black 6 half
1.2
3A
No, they didn’t. They met on a plane, fell in
love in Malaga and they got engaged ‘soon’.
3B
Joe didn’t have a girlfriend,
He met Ann on a plane,
They talked a lot and got on well.
From Mexico to Spain.
They fell in love in Malaga
And Joe proposed to Ann.
She said ‘yes’, they got engaged.
What a happy man!
Why did she accept so soon?
She doesn’t really know.
But they got married there and then
Twenty years ago.
The last word in each line is stressed.
1.3
4B
1 Did you 2 do you 3 would you
4 Would you 5 Do you 6 did you
Audio script
1 Did you go shopping?
2 Where do you go on holiday?
3 What would you like to do?
4 Would you like to have some time off?
5 Do you play a musical instrument?
6 Where did you have your barbecue?
UNIT 2
2.1
1A
To focus on strong and weak forms of be,
you could write on the board:
Are you ready? Yes, we are.
They aren’t here yet.
Ask Ss to underline the stressed words
and then check how be is pronounced. Is
it strong or weak? Show them the weak
pronunciation /ə/ of the unstressed
Are in questions. In short answers and
negatives, are/aren’t is stressed. Model
and drill the sentences.
© Pearson Education Limited 2016
Are you ready? Yes, we are.
/ə/ /ɑː/
They aren’t here yet.
/ɑːnt/
1 d) 2 b) 3 c) 4 a) 5 g) 6 e) 7 h)
8 f)
2A
Remind Ss that the schwa sound /ə/ is
the most common sound in English. It
is never used in stressed syllables. /ɜː/
is the longer form of /ə/. /ɒ/ and /ɔː/
are similar sounds but /ɔː/ is longer. For
information on making these sounds, see
the Starter and Elementary Pronunciation
Extra Worksheets.
/ə/ salary, customer, interesting, bonus,
conversation
/ɜː/ services, worker, girlfriend, surname
/ɒ/ wanted, gossip, products, watched
/ɔː/ important, quarter, walked, taught
2.2
3A
1 plumber 2 architect 3 accountant
4 scientist 5 electrician
4B
Words which end in a consonant followed
by words starting with a vowel.
4C
You could write on the board: It’s Friday
today. It’s my birthday. and ask Ss if the ‘y’
is pronounced in any of the words. Then
add and aer today. Say the sentence
emphasising the pronunciation of the ‘y’
at the end of today. Show this sound is
represented by the phoneme /j/.
Then show how we add a /j/ sound aer
‘i’. Ss may well do this automatically but
some may try and add an extra sound
such as /h/.
On Monday I always go running.
On Tuesday I go for a walk.
On Wednesday I oen go swimming
Occasionally I sit down and talk.
Once in a while I play tennis.
Thursdays are sometimes baseball.
I never do sport on a Friday.
Weekends I do nothing at all.
On Saturday I usually sleep late
I hardly ever get up until ten.
I need to relax at the weekend.
On Monday I go running again.

2.3
5A
Make sure you check that Ss have the
correct answers before going on to Ex 5B.
1 I work in education.
2
3
She works in the fashion industry.
He’s in sales and marketing.
4 They work in accounts.
5 She’s in the tourist industry.
6 He works in retail.
7
8
I’m in the entertainment industry.
We work in the food industry.
5B
1 education 2 the fashion industry
3 sales and marketing 4 accounts
5 the tourist industry 6 retail
7 the entertainment industry
8 the food industry
6A
I can’t stand it. I absolutely love it.
I don’t like it. I hate it. I’m keen on it.
I don’t mind it. I like it.
I’m not very keen on it.
6B
I can’t stand it. L I absolutely love it. H
I don’t like it. L I hate it. L
I’m keen on it. H I don’t mind it H
I like it. H I’m not very keen on it. L
UNIT 3
3.1
1A/B
Encourage Ss to write down a possible
question for each answer. This should
help them note the verb form they
should be using: the present continuous
or going to.
Make sure you check that Ss have the
correct answers before going on to Ex 1B.
1 Are you going to visit the capital city?
2 What are you doing tonight?
3 How much are you going to take with
you?
4 Are you doing anything nice at the
weekend?
5 How are you going to spend your time?
2A
/ʌ/ bus, money, won, pub
/æ/ band, snack, atmosphere, gallery
/e/ exhibition, many, again, said
PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
2B
Before Ss listen, check they understand
all the words and also that they are clear
on the pronunciation of money /ʌ/ and
many /e/.
Sentences 1 and 2 practise /æ/ and /ʌ/,
sentences 3 and 4 practise /e/ and /æ/,
and sentences 5 and 6 /ʌ/ and /æ/.
Aer the activity you could get Ss in
pairs to choose one of the items to say
and their partner has to say which one
they hear.
1 a) 2 b) 1 2 a) 1 b) 2 3 a) 1 b) 2
4 a) 2 b) 1 5 a) 1 b) 2 6 a) 1 b) 2
3.2
3B
Ask Ss: Why is the sound different for
different verbs? You could then refer them
back to Students’ Book Unit 1 /t/ /d/
/ɪd/ endings.
Aer the focus on sounds, Ss could
add two questions of their own to the
questionnaire and then, as a class
activity, find one person who answers
yes to each item.
1 /ɪz/ 2 /z/ 3 /s/ 4 /s/ 5 /ɪz/
6 /z/
4A
Ss may need particular help with the
use of point for decimals (as opposed
to dot for email addresses and full stop
for punctuation). Note that we normally
pronounce numbers individually aer
the point, i.e. point four one, not point
forty-one.
Ss may also need help with fractions,
where we use half and quarter but for
other fractions use ordinal numbers:
a third, a fih, three eighths, etc. For ⅓
it is also possible to say one third. We
tend to use a third, a quarter, a fih, a
hundred, a thousand, etc. when there is
only one and then use numbers for larger
than one, three-quarters, two-fihs, four
thousand, etc.
4B
A disco ball (also known as a mirror
ball) reflects the light in many different
directions. As its name suggests, it is
oen found in discos and clubs. The
record for the largest disco ball so far is
10.33m in diameter and was achieved
by Bestival, a music festival at the Isle of
Wight, UK, on 7 September 2014.
1 70% 2 10.33 3 87,000,000
4 20th September 5 ⅓
© Pearson Education Limited 2016
3.3
5A
Ss should be used to this exercise type by
now but you could remind them that they
should not go diagonally.
5B
caller, cancel, business, message, rescue,
listened, over, married, Wednesday,
happened, moment, dinner
6A
There is usually one main stress (called
the prominent stress, nuclear stress
or main stress) in each phrase even if
there are several stressed syllables in a
phrase. The main stress is oen at the
end because in English new information
usually comes at the end of a phrase or
sentence.
The phrases in this exercise are indicated
by commas where they are not full
sentences.
Note that in one line the stress is on
phone, the second to last word in this
phrase. Elicit from Ss that phone in this
case is more important than me.
A: This is Gina. Can I speak to Suzanna?
B: I’m afraid she’s not here. She’s still at
work.
A: Can I leave a message?
B: Of course. Just a moment, I’ll get a pen.
OK.
A: Can you ask her to phone me?
B: Sure. And your name is Gina?
A: That’s right. Thank you very much.
B: No problem. Goodbye.
A: Goodbye.
UNIT 4
4.1
1A
This activity practises some vocabulary
from Students’ Book Lesson 4.1 as well as
the present perfect and ever.
Before Ss read, check promotion (when a
person is given a higher job).
c) An Interview for a Promotion
1B
You could show Ss that to link Have you
ever we add a /w/ sound between you
and ever. This should happen naturally
but some Ss may try to insert a /h/
or other sound. You could drill wever,
youwever, haveyouwever but remember to
keep the have weak /həv/.

A: Have you ever …
B: I haven’t …
A: Have you ever …
B: I haven’t …
A: Have you ever …
B: I have …
2A
If Ss have problems with any of the
diphthongs, have your right hand
represent one sound and the le hand
the second. Bring them slowly together
as Ss say the sounds faster and faster.
1 He never breaks his promises.
2 We sometimes wait over an hour for a
train.
3 Do you ever fly ✓ business class?
4 Do you ever phone Australia?
5 He knows a lot of famous people.
6 Do you ever decide ✓ things in the
middle of the night ✓?
2B
1 He’s never broken his promises.
2 We’ve sometimes waited over an hour
for a train.
3 Have you ever flown business class?
4 Have you ever phoned Australia?
5 He’s known a lot of famous people.
6 Have you ever decided things in the
middle of the night?
There are two new examples of /əʊ/:
broken and known.
4.2
3 6
You could reinforce the learner training
done in Worksheet 1 where Ss were
encouraged to note any unusual
pronunciation in their notebooks. Write
the following subjects on the board or
dictate them and ask Ss to underline
any letters that they find difficult to
pronounce. Do the example of languages
with them and write the phonemes
underneath. See if they can do any of the
others in pairs or help them as a class.
languages
/wɪ/
physics, chemistry, design, science, biology
(Suggested answers, based on what Ss
oen find difficult:
physics, chemistry, design, science, biology)
/f/ /k/ /n/ /s/ /aɪ/
Oo: science, physics, drama
oO: IT, design, PE, RE
Ooo: history, languages, chemistry
oOoo: biology, geography, technology
Literature /ˈlɪtərətʃə/ is usually said with
four syllables although some people say it
with three (/ˈlɪtrətʃə/).
PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
4A UNIT 5
1 can’t 2 must 3 can 4 can 5.1
5 mustn’t 6 must
4B 1A
Before Ss read, check the meaning
You could write the following sentences
on the board or dictate them and ask Ss
of smuggler/smuggle. You could ask
the kinds of things that people try to
to say if can/must/can’t/mustn’t are weak smuggle into countries. Also check straw
or strong. with a drawing or by telling Ss it’s what
You can sit here. animals sleep on.
You must speak English.
You can’t sit here. Bikes
You mustn’t speak Italian.
Can we use dictionaries? Yes, you can. 1B
Must you go? Yes, we must. 1 … a guard was standing …
In natural speech, in positive sentences 2 The man was cycling …
and questions can and must are weak: 3 … because he was carrying …
/kən/ /məs(t)/. The negatives can’t and 4 ‘Were you really only carrying …
mustn’t are strong: /kɑːnt/ /mʌsənt/. 5 ‘Yes, I was.’
In short answers can and must are strong: 6 ‘So you weren’t smuggling anything?’
/kæn/ /mʌst/. 7 ‘What were you smuggling?’
Ss can then go back to the text and tell Two are not pronounced as weak forms:
you which examples are weak (2, 3, 4, 6). Yes, I was. (in short answers ‘was’ is strong)
and So you weren’t smuggling … (the
negative weren’t is strong).
4.3
2A
5A 1 flown 2 going 3 famous 4 saw
5 enough 6 doing
Make sure you check that Ss have the
correct answers before going on to Ex 5B.
2B
1 What should I do? /ɑʊ/ is oen spelt ‘ow’ or ‘ou’.
2 You should have some time off. /ɔɪ/ is oen spelt ‘oi’ or ‘oy’.
3 Should I go to work?
4 No, you shouldn’t.
5 You should go home.
5.2
7
Should I stay in bed?
Yes, you should.
3A
8 And you shouldn’t do any work today. Probably *** The writer liked some things:
helpful receptionists, quick service to fix
5B the TV but there was a big problem with
the fire alarm at night.
Should in its weak form can be
pronounced /ʃəd/. Its strong form, used 3B
in short answers and negatives, is always
/ʃʊd/ or /ʃʊdənt/ but pronounced with This is an introduction to the idea of
more force and a little longer. To drill the elision (omitting/missing out sounds)
weak form, if you get Ss to put the stress but only in the very restricted context
on the main verb, should will naturally of verbs followed by infinitives. You
weaken. could model and drill the examples in
the Pronunciation tip, the first with a
verb ending with the sound /t/ and the
1w 2w 3w 4s 5w 6w 7s
8s second with a verb ending /d/.
6A 3C
a) Speaker A in conversation 2 We decided to have a weekend break …
b) Speaker A in conversation 1 … we wanted to stay in a good hotel.
… one of them helped to carry our bags
6B upstairs.
1 sightseeing, Wednesday, exhibition, … the manager promised to send
Design, walked someone to fix it …
2 plumber, eight, half, night, written We expected to have a good night’s
sleep, …
… we had to get up and go outside.
© Pearson Education Limited 2016

5.3
4A
Before Ss listen to the conversation they
could read it and notice that A simply
repeats the same direction. Elicit ideas
from Ss: How is A correcting B?
Aer the exercise Ss could practise the
conversation in pairs.
1 No, go right at Greek Street.
2 No, go right at Greek Street.
3 No, you go right at Greek Street!
4B
Ss can practise the conversations in pairs.
1
2
No, the Grand Motel.
No, a coach trip.
3 No, six euros eighty.
4 No, go through the centre.
5 No, seven dollars ninety.
UNIT 6
6.1
1 A:
If you want to extend practice of the
sports, you could ask Ss to find one sport
with the stress pattern O, one with oOo
and two with Oooo. Which patterns are all
the others?
(Answers: O squash; oOo karate; Oooo
scuba-diving, rollerblading.
All the others are Oo or Ooo.)
1 skiing 2 windsurfing 3 football
4 surfing 5 volleyball 6 karate
2A
As Ss listen and read they could follow the
questions and answers with their fingers to
help them see what happens in fast speech.
They are weak: have /həv/, has /həz/ and
for /fə/.
6.2
3 UNIT 7
If you want to extend practice of food
vocabulary, you could write the following
on the board, say the words and ask Ss
to match the sounds with the underlined
letters:
onion, spinach, lettuce, yoghurt, cabbage,
grapefruit, broccoli, orange juice
/ə/ (x2) /ɪ/ (x4) /ʌ/ /uː/ (x2)
(Answers: onion (/ʌ/), spinach (/ɪ/),
lettuce (/ɪ/), yoghurt (/ə/), cabbage (/ɪ/),
grapefruit (/uː/), broccoli (/ə/),
orange juice (/ɪ/ and /uː/))
PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
1 vegetables 2 mussels 3 bananas Model the sentences and ask Ss to tell
4 leg of lamb 5 ice cream you which ‘to’ is strong (/tuː/) and which
4A is weak (/tə/).
You could drill the two sentences and then
1 a) 2 b) 1 2 a) 1 b) 2 3 a) 1 b) 2 ask Ss to do Ex 1B. Note that the main
4 a) 2 b) 1 5 a) 1 b) 2 stress is on the verb in both sentences.
4B Aer you have checked the answers,
you could highlight the change in
1 A: Do you think she’ll come? pronunciation in the strong and weak
B: Yes, I’m sure she will. versions of three of the prepositions: for /
2 A: I’m certain they’ll change their minds. fɔː/ > /fə/; to /tuː/ > /tə/; of /ɒv/ > /əv/.
B: No, they won’t. The weak versions have the schwa sound.
3 A: What do you think you’ll do?
B: I don’t know yet. I won’t make a The prepositions at the ends of the
decision until tomorrow. questions are all strong. The prepositions
in the answers are all weak.
6.3 Prepositions are usually unstressed and
weak in the middle of sentences. When
5A they are at the end of questions, they are
usually stressed.
A: What’s the problem?
B:
A:
I’m worried about my arm.
Can I have a look at it?
2A
1 Hong Kong 2 wrong 3 brown
B: Yes of course.
A: Where does it hurt? 4 town 5 me 6 free 7 sea 8 be
B: It’s painful here.
A: How long have you had this problem? 7.2
B: For about two weeks.
B:
It’s nothing to worry about.
Should I have some time off?
3A
A: I’m sure it’ll get better soon. As Ss have seen before, most two-
syllable words have their stress on the
5B first syllable but this activity focuses on
a number of common verbs where the
Play the conversation and pause the stress is on the second syllable.
recording aer each of A’s lines. Ss use
the prompts to answer and then you can arrest, remove, travel, improve, compare,
play the correct answer for Ss to compare pretend, design, arrive, enjoy, appear, decide,
against. exchange, repeat, happen, relax, return
Different stress pattern: travel, happen Oo;
6A all the others are oO.
You could use some of the items in the
box to show the problems. If Ss put a
3B
vowel sound before clock, it sounds like 1 appeared 2 pretended 3 removed
4 relaxed 5 decided 6 happened
o’clock, or dress can sound like address.
If they put a sound between free, it can
sound like ferry. If this is a problematic 3C
area for your Ss, you could drill the words oO: appeared, removed, relaxed
‘backwards’: e.g. lock, clock, ress dress, ree Oo: happened
free to help them. Ex 6A helps in this way. oOo: pretended, decided
4A
You could remind Ss of how a /w/ was
added in Have you /w/ ever in
7.1 Worksheet 4. This activity builds on this.
You could model to eat/to wheat and so
1A I/so why so that Ss hear that there’s no
1 for 2 about 3 for 4 to 5 of difference. The pronunciation should
happen naturally but some Ss may try to
1B insert a sound such as /h/ in between
the words. You could drill weat, toweat to
To clarify the idea of strong and weak help. Note that in really fast English the
prepositions, write the question and examples can sound like tweet or swy, but
answer on the board and ask Ss where at this stage a less reduced sound is more
the stresses are. manageable for Ss.
A: What are you listening to? Make sure you check that Ss have the
B: I’m listening to some jazz. correct answers before going on to Ex 4B.
© Pearson Education Limited 2016
 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
1
2
To ask a question.
To open an email.
3B 9.2
1 I give up 2 take over 3 give it back
3
4
To improve my listening.
So I can play better. 4 takes up 5 turned into 2A
1 –, – 2 the, the, the 3 –, the, a
5
6
So I could remember it.
So everyone can come.
4A 4 –, a, a 5 an, the 6 –, the, –
Fact 5 is not true. An underground river
Audio script For historical reasons the silent ‘gh’ oen
does not run under the Amazon.
1 A: Why did you stay behind aer class? occurs in English spelling in spellings
B: To ask a question. such as -igh, -ight, -eigh, -eight, -aught,
-ough, -ought.
2B
2 A: Why are you clicking on that
address? Sometimes ‘gh’ is pronounced at the end Note that we also add a /j/ sound in the
B: To open an email. of a word as /f/, e.g. laugh, enough. This only /ðiːjəʊnlɪ/, the Amazon /ðiːjæməzɒn/.
3 A: Why do you go to the study centre? exercise draws together words that Ss This is similar to the added /j/ focus in
B: To improve my listening. have encountered before and helps them Worksheet 2, Ex 4C where Ss looked at
to notice patterns. the linking between I am, I always,
4 A: Why are you practising the piano so
we oen.
much?
‘gh’ is silent in three groups: /aɪ/, /ɔː/ and
B: So I can play better. The is pronounced /ðə/ in all cases
/eɪ/.
5 A: Why did you write it down? except the only and the Amazon. Here it is
B: So I could remember it.
6 A: Why are you going to change the
4B pronounced /ðiː/ because the next word
/aɪ/ group: eight starts with a diphthong, /əʊ/ in only, or a
date of the party? vowel, /æ/ in Amazon.
/ɔː/ group: through
B: So everyone can come.
/eɪ/ group: height
/f/ group: thought 3A
7.3 You could write the following on the
5B 8.3 board and ask Ss what the differences
are between:
1 cafeteria /ɪə/ 2 welfare /eə/ 5A 1 /ʃ/ and /ʒ/ national television
3 upstairs /eə/ 4 earlier /ɪə/ 2 /ʃ/ and /tʃ/ fresh features
Incorrect: 1 I’d love, 2 amazing, 3 appears,
5 experience /ɪə/ 6 Square /eə/ 3 /ʒ/ and /dʒ/ usual, July
4 ear-phones
7 easier /ɪə/ 8 chairs /eə/ 4 /tʃ/ and /dʒ/ H, age
The speaker says: 1 I love, 2 great, 3 looks,
4 camera (Answers:
UNIT 8 1 /ʃ/ is unvoiced; /ʒ/ is voiced. Both
5B sounds are made in the same way.
8.1 High. Because Speaker A is giving 2 /ʃ/ is a single sound; /tʃ/ is two
a compliment and wants to sound sounds. Put /t/ in front of /ʃ/.
1A interested and friendly. 3 /ʒ/ is a single sound; /dʒ/ is two
sounds. Put /d/ in front of /ʒ/.
You could play the recording and ask 4 /tʃ/ is unvoiced; /dʒ/ is voiced. Both
Ss where the conversations take place UNIT 9 sounds are made in the same way.)
(at home and in a restaurant).
9.1 3B
/s/ subtitles, delicious, recipe, it’s
/z/ Brazil, subtitles, There’s, is 1A 1 natural, dangerous 2 watch, match
/ʃ/ sure, information, delicious, chef 3 joined, chess 4 spinach, fridge
/ʒ/ television, usually, aubergine, Malaysia Some Ss may try to put a sound before
the ‘s’. If this area is a problematic 3C
2A area for your Ss, you could drill words
‘backwards’: e.g. tudy, study, ky, sky. You Make sure Ss look for all the words with
These sentences come from Students’ could also refer to any word in their own the sounds, not just the jumbled words.
Book Lesson 8.1. You might want to do language which starts with ‘s’ and has no
this aer Ex 4B in the Students’ Book sound before it. /tʃ/ sounds: natural, watch, Chile,
and before Ss move on to the pairwork match, chess, kitchen
Another problem is if Ss put a sound
in Ex 4C. /dʒ/ sounds: dangerous, Argentina,
between the consonants, so sport could
You could ask Ss as they listen to follow sound like support. Again backward
joined, spinach, fridge
the words on the page with their finger. drilling can help. /tʃ/ spellings: t, tch, ch
They did this in the Students’ Book /dʒ/ spellings: g, j, ch, dge
You may decide to get Ss to practise the
Lesson 7.2 with complex sentences pairs of words in Ex 1A.
involving purpose, cause and result.
9.3
The relative pronouns are not stressed. 1B 4A
1 best, hospital
2 snacks, sweets Check Ss understand the idea of rhymes.
8.2 3 speak, Just You could ask which word rhymes with
4
3A 5
stomachache, sleep
smoke, Sports
cat: but or hat. You could ask for some
rhymes for door (e.g. more, four, saw) to
1 give 2 take 3 give 4 takes check. In order to choose the correct
5 turned rhyme, Ss must think carefully about the

© Pearson Education Limited 2016


pronunciation of the last word in the
previous line. Before Ss start, check they
know the pronunciation of the River Nile
/naɪl/.
4B
1 a pair 2 It’s nearly caught us!
3 the River Nile 4 a metre
5A
1 could 2 can’t 3 might 4 Maybe
5 might 6 Perhaps
Audio script
1 A: What colour is this paint?
B: It’s difficult to say. It could be pink.
Or purple?
2 A: Who’s that at the door?
B: It can’t be Bill. It’s too early.
3 A: Where do you think she’s from?
B: She might be from Brazil. I think she
speaks Portuguese.
4 A: What’s the matter with Ken?
B: Maybe he didn’t get much sleep.
5 A: Is that Antonia’s coat?
B: It might be hers. But I thought her
coat was longer.
6 A: Where’s Martin? He’s usually here at
8.30.
B: Perhaps he missed his train.
5B
Uncertain: sentences: 1, 3, 4, 5
They are uncertain because of the
intonation. The speaker says the word
longer than usual.
UNIT 10
10.1
1A
Aer Ss have listened, you could ask
them: What is the same and what is
different about each pair of sounds?
Ss may find it difficult to express their
ideas clearly in English, but the key thing
is to check they understand the differences
even if they are not able to verbalise them.
/p/ /b/: same: we make both by putting
lips together and ‘exploding’ air out;
different: /p/ is unvoiced, /b/ is voiced.
/f/ /v/: same: we make both by touching
the bottom lip with the top teeth and
releasing air slowly; different: /f/ is
unvoiced, /v/ is voiced.
/k/ /g/: same: we make this at the
back of the throat and ‘explode’ air out;
different: /k/ is unvoiced, /g/ is voiced.
Ss could practise in pairs choosing one of
the items from Ex 1A and seeing if their
partner can say which one it is.
1 a) 1 b) 2 2 a) 2 b) 1 3 a) 1 b) 2
4 a) 1 b) 2 5 a) 2 b) 1 6 a) 1 b) 2
PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
1B UNIT 11
Spend the most time on any pairs of 11.1
consonants which your Ss have particular
difficulty with. 1A
1 /p/ /b/ 2 /b/ /v/ 3 /f/ /p/
1 d) 2 e) 3 b) 4 a) 5 c)
4 /f/ /v/ 5 /k/ /g/ 1B
2A In Worksheet 5, Lesson 5.2 there was
an introduction to the idea of elision
You could model and drill the items in the (omitting/missing out sounds) with verbs
Pronunciation tip. ending in /t/ or /d/ and followed by to
(wanted to, promised to, etc.). The focus
1 What’s he like? here is on dropping the ‘t’ in just, which
2 What’s she like? oen happens with the present perfect
3 What’s his flat like? (I’ve just done, just finished, just been,
4 What was he like? just seen, etc.) and also dropping the ‘t’
5 What was she like? in haven’t (I haven’t been, haven’t done,
6 What was her dress like? haven’t finished, etc.)
2B 1C
a) Sorry. I haven’t done it yet.
Aer each prompt, pause the recording so
that Ss can answer before the next item. b) It’s OK. I’ve already done it.
c) Yes, I’ve just finished.
d) No thanks, I’ve already had one.
1 What’s she like?
e) I haven’t yet but I’m going to.
2 What was her dress like?
3 What was she like?
4 What’s his flat like? 2B
5 What was he like?
Check Ss remember the meaning of
6 What’s he like?
‘rhymes’ from Worksheet 9 (the animals
Audio script poem). You could ask them for rhymes for
1 That’s our new manager, Mrs Taylor. hair (chair, there, bear, pear, etc.) or three
2 Anna got married last weekend. We (tea, be, see, tree, etc.).
went to her wedding. These poems are limericks and have the
3 I once had dinner with Princess Diana. rhyming structure AABBA.
4 Today we had lunch at my brother’s
new place. zoo, bats, cats, flew
5 My grandfather came from Sweden. He because, agree, that he, he was
died a few years ago. jam, York, walk, I am.
6 I’ve got a new boyfriend.
11.2
10.2
3B
3 1 O 2 oO 3 Oo 4 oOo 5 Oo
6 oOoo 7 Oo 8 oO
Drill all the words in the box once Ss have
finished the exercise. 4A
1 victim, murder 2 arrested, shopliing For item 6, clarify with Ss that we oen
3 graffiti, sentences 4 fraud, investigate pronounce What will as What’ll but only
5 speeding, drink driving write this in very informal emails or text.
1 If you go straight on, you’ll see the post
10.3 office on your le.
2 It’ll help your English if you watch films
4A with subtitles.
Better title: The Worst Things in Life 3 I’ll phone her when the lesson ends.
4 When we next meet, I’ll be married.
5A 5 How much will it cost if we go by train?
Some of these sentences are the same 6 What will (What’ll) happen when it gets
as in the Students’ Book Lesson 10.3 dark?
Ex 5A and could be used for a focus on
intonation before Ex 7 or the Speaking
in Ex 8.
12 21 32 41 51
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11.3
5A
Ss may find it difficult to express their
ideas clearly in English, but the key thing
is to check they understand the differences
even if they are not able to verbalise them.
1 The tongue is in a different place for
the four sounds. For /d/ it is on the
ridge behind the teeth, for /s/ it is
back further and for /ð/ and /θ/ it
is on the teeth themselves or can go
between the teeth.
/d/ is a short sound where the air
builds up and is released (plosive).
In /s/, /ð/ and /θ/ we continue to
push the air out (fricative).
2 a) That’s /ð/ b) That’s /ð/
c) think /θ/
d) The /ð/, both/θ/, think /θ/,
that /ð/, the /ð/
5C
thanks, through, the, theatre, both,
nothing, birthday, month, thirsty,
thousand, south, Thursday
UNIT 12
12.1
1A
action film, biopic, blockbuster, cartoon,
comedy, documentary, historical drama,
horror film, science fiction film, thriller
1B
Ooo: action film, biopic, comedy, horror film
Others: block buster, cartoon,
documentary, historical drama,
science fiction film, thriller
2A
1 c) 2 a) 3 b)
2B
1 a) forty b) dentist c) small (flat)
2 a) can’t (speak French)
b) doesn’t (know Paris well)
c) can’t (drive)
3 a) feels fine
b) at a football match
c) didn’t (phone)
Audio script
1 1 I’m a photographer and also a travel
A: It’s my birthday next week.
B: Oh, how old will you be?
A: Forty!
B: I can’t believe it. Are you doing
anything special?
A: Not really.
B: How’s the job?
A: It’s OK. I’ve just joined a new clinic as
one of two dentists.
PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
B:
A:
And the flat?
It’s nice but very small.
3B
/ə/ photographer, writer, famous, climber,
2
adventurous, dangerous, doctor,
A: Bonjour Madame. Comment allez-vous?
politician, musician
B: Sorry I don’t speak French.
/ʊ/ wonderful, helpful, successful
A: Oh pardon! So have you been to Paris
B:
before?
No, it’s my first time.
4A
1 If I had more money, I’d buy a new phone.
A: What do you think of it?
2 She’d tell me if she knew anything.
B: It’s beautiful. Erm … can you organise a
3 If I were you, I wouldn’t ask.
taxi for me?
4 He’d do well if he worked harder.
A: Oh, you don’t have your own car here?
B:
3
No, I don’t drive.
4B
1 If I had more money, I’d buy a new phone.
A: Hi Mark, how are you?
/aɪd/
B: Great. Especially as I’m not working
today! A football match is much better 2 She’d tell me if she knew anything.
/ʃɪd/
than work.
A: Yes. I think our team … 3 If I were you, I wouldn’t ask.
/wʊdənt/
B: … That reminds me. What time is it?
4 He’d come if you asked him.
A: 6 o’clock.
/hɪd/
B: Oh no. I haven’t rung work. Where’s my
mobile?
4C
2C Make sure you check that Ss have the
Pause the recording as necessary so that correct answers before going on to practise.
Ss have the opportunity to listen and
repeat. Note that in number 3, you is used 1 If I were you, I’d tell him.
rather than he. Pre-check the meaning 2 If you le now, you’d catch the bus.
of in fact. Use the example to check the 3 We’d love it if you came and stayed
main stresses. with us.
4 I’d help you if I had the time.
Audio script
1 He said he was thirty-one, but in fact
5 If I won the lottery, I wouldn’t spend all
my money at once.
he’s forty!
He said he was a lawyer, but in fact he’s
a dentist! 12.3
He said he had a big flat in town, but in
fact his flat is small! 5A
2 She said she could speak French, but You could start by asking Ss to look at
really she can’t! the sentences and imagine the contexts.
She said she knew Paris well, but really (1 and 2 could be in a restaurant, 3 and
it’s her first time here. 4 could be someone offering to help
She said she could drive, but really she someone who is ill, 5 is on the telephone.)
can’t!
3 You told me you didn’t feel well, but 1 dessert 2 decided 3 home 4 get
actually you’re fine. 5 call
You told me you were staying in bed
today, but actually you’re at a football 5B
match. They start high.
You told me you’d phone me this
aernoon, but actually you didn’t. 6A
B is a receptionist in a hotel. She feels a bit
12.2 irritated/angry because the guest keeps
phoning and asking her to do things.
3A
writer.
2 He’s a famous climber. He’s very
adventurous and goes to dangerous
places.
3 She’s a wonderful doctor, really helpful
and very successful.
4 I’ve never met a politician who’s also a
musician before.
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