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Grade 8 Exponents
Grade 8 Exponents
(1) Using the laws of exponents, simplify the expression write the answer in
exponential form.
(a) ✄☛ ✌ ✄
(b) ✁✂ ☎ ✁✆
✝☞ ✞✟✠ ✞✝ ✡
(c) ✡ ✍ ✎
✟ ✞✟ ✞✝
(2) Using the laws of exponents, simplify the expression write the answer in
p
exponential form.
(a) ✏✆ ✌ ✏✑ ✌ ✏✒
(b)✓✔✑ ✌ ✓✔✆ ☎ ✓✔✕
(c)
✕✡✖✎ ✞✗ ✘
✕✖✎ ✞✗ ✙
re
iP
(3) Find the value.
(a) ✄✒
ex
(b) ✚✛✆ ✜✒
(c)✚✢ ✣ ✄ ✣ ✔✜✒
Fl
✔ ✓
✆ ✆ ✆
✄ ✔ ✏✛✢
✔ ✕ ✖ ✔ ✕ ✖ ✔ ✕ ✖
✔ ✄ ✄ ✁✓
✓
(b) ✒ ✑ ✗✘ ✙✚✛✜✢ ✣✤ ✥✥✦
✕
✄ ✏✛ ✄ ✚✏✜
p
✧ ✖ ✖ ✖
✏✛ ✄ ✏✛ ✛
✄✧✁ ✂☎✆✝ ✄✞✁ ✟✠✟✡☛ ✆☞✡✡✟✆✌ ☞✍✌☎☞✎✏
re✩★
✖ ★
(a) The reciprocal of ✒ ✑ is:
✗
✩ ✓★ ✪★ ✪ ✓★
iP
✖ ✔ ✕ ✖ ✖ ✒ ✑
✪★ ✪ ✩★ ✩
(b) ✚✧✛✫✜ ✗✘ ✙✚✛✜✢ ✣✤ ✥✦✦
ex
(a)✚✫ ✧ ✬✜☛
✝ ✓✆
(b) ✒ ✑
✟
(11) Simplify:
✕✎ ✞✆✎
(a) ☞ ✍
✞✕
(b) ✏✩ ✆ ✪ ☛ ✞ ✌ ✁✩ ✓ ✪ ✞ ✓✆
(12) Find the value of m.
(a) ✄☛★ ☎ ✏☛ ✌ ✢✄
(b) ✦✚✫☛ ✜✓ ✒ ★ ✌ ✚✫✆★ ✜ ✌ ✚✫ ✓ ✜
(13) Find the value of m.
(a) ✄ ★ ✌ ✔ ★ ✌ ✔✓✂
p
✕ ✆★ ☛ ✑★ ☛ ✂
(b)✒ ✑ ✌ ✒ ✑ ✌ ✒ ✑
☛ ✕
re ✕
(c) ✏✛✄✤✁✓✢
Fl
(a) ✢ ✌ ✓✤✓✆
(b) ✧✔✁✛✁✏✔✄ ✌ ✓✤✆
(c) ✔✁ ✤✤✤✤✄✛ ✌ ✓✤
p
(b) A company make profit 4.6 crore rupees.
re
(c) The distance of earth from sun is 149.28 million km.
(d) The average hair on normal human body is 2.34 crore.
iP
(e) Mass of virus is 0.0000000000034 g.
ex
Fl
✆ ✄☛ ✌ ✄ ✌ ✡✁ ✁
p
So, ✁✂ ☎ ✁✆ ✌ ✙
✑
re
Given number are in divided from so exponents are subtract.
✑☞✡
✆ ✁✂ ☎ ✁✆ ✌ ✁✂ ✓✆
iP
✆ ✁✂ ☎ ✁✆ ✌ ✂✄
ex
Here numbers are in multiplication form and than divided from so first
we add exponents in nominator and dominator and than subtract
exponents of dominator from nominator.
Fl
✫ ✌ ✬✑ ✌ ✫ ✫ ☛ ✌ ✬✑
✌
✬ ✌ ✬✕ ✌ ✫ ☛ ✬ ☛✕ ✌ ✫ ☛
✫ ✌ ✬✑ ✌ ✫ ✫ ✑ ✌ ✬✑
✆ ✌
✬ ✌ ✬ ✕ ✌ ✫☛ ✬ ☛ ✌ ✫☛
✫ ✌ ✬✑ ✌ ✫
✆ ✌ ✫ ✑✓☛ ✌ ✬ ✑✓☛
✬ ✌ ✬ ✕ ✌ ✫☛
✫ ✌ ✬✑ ✌ ✫
✆ ✌ ✫ ✑✓☛ ✌ ✬ ✑✓☛
✬ ✌ ✬ ✕ ✌ ✫☛
✫ ✌ ✬✑ ✌ ✫
✆ ✌ ✟✁ ✌ ✡
✬ ✌ ✬ ✕ ✌ ✫☛
✆ ✏✆ ✌ ✏✑ ✌ ✏✒ ✌ ✁✡✂
✑ ✆ ✕ ✓✔✑ ✌ ✓✔✆
✓✔ ✌ ✓✔ ☎ ✓✔ ✌
✓✔✕
p
✑ ✆ ✕ ✓✔✑☛✆
✆ ✓✔ ✌ ✓✔ ☎ ✓✔ ✌
re ✓✔✕
✛ ✩☛ ✌ ✪ ✆
✛ ✩☛ ✌ ✪ ☛
✆ ✌ ✛ ✂ ✌ ✩ ✒ ✌ ✪☛
✛ ✩ ☛ ✌ ✪✆
✛ ✩☛ ✌ ✪☛
✆ ✌ ✝✡ ✞✠ ✌ ☛☞
✛ ✩ ☛ ✌ ✪✆
The zero exponent rules basically say that any base with
an exponent of zero is equal to one.
✆ ✡✠ ✌✄
The zero exponent rules basically say that any base with
an exponent of zero is equal to one.
✆ ✚✝✡ ✜✠ ✌✄
p
Here one things one should note that,
re ✚✢ ✣ ✄ ✣ ✔✜ ✒
✆ ✚ ✣ ✡ ✣ ☎✜ ✠ ✌✄
✆ ✂ ✠ ✌ ✁✠ ✌ ✠✌✄
p
☛
✆ ✦✚✧✔✆✜ ✌ ★✧✛ ✩ ✪ ✌ ✚✧✔✜✆✞☛ ✌ ✚✧✛✜ ✞☛
re ☛
✆ ✦✚✧✔✆✜ ✌ ★✧✛ ✩ ✪ ✌ ✚✧✔✜✂ ✌ ✚✧✛✜
iP
Odd number exponents to any minus sign base number/variable will
remove minus sign: ✚✧✩✜✆ ✌ ✩ ✆
☞
✆ ✦✚✧☎✡ ✜ ✌ ★✧✝✂✩ ✪ ✌ ☎✡✂ ✌ ✝✡
ex
✆ ✕
✛ ✌✄
✝✄ ✌ ✡✁
✆ ✁ ✌ ✝☞ ✌ ✡☞
✝ ✌ ✡✂
✂ ☞ ✌ ✝✡ ✄ ☞
✆ ✡ ☞ ✌ ✔ ✕ ✌ ✝☞
✂ ✌✝ ✂
✆ ✏✤ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✛
Now,
✏✤ ✚ ✏ ✌ ✛✜
p
☛ ✌
✏ ✌✛ ✚✏☛ ✌ ✛ ✜
re ✆ ☛
✏✤
✏ ✌✛
✏✤
✌ ✏ ✓☛ ✌ ✛✂✓
iP
✆ ☛ ✌ ✏ ✓✂ ✌ ✛ ✓✕
✏ ✌✛
✁✁✡ ✡
✄ ✁
✄ ✄
ex
✆ ✌ ✔ ✕ ✌✔ ✕ ✌
✁☞ ✌ ✝✡ ✁ ✝ ✁✡ ✌ ✝✁
Fl
✆
✆ ✓✆ ✂
Here ✒ ✑ ✌
☛
✒✙
✎
✡ ✓
✡ ☎ ✡
✆✔ ✕ ✌✔ ✕
☎ ✡
☛ ✆
So,✒✆ ✑ is correct answer.
✓ ✒✓ ✩ ✡
So, ✒ ✑
✕✡
✌
✕
✧✁
✂ ✚✁✜✂
✆✔ ✕
✝ ✝✂
✌
✧✏ ✏✌✏ ✄
✆✔ ✕ ✌ ✌
✛ ✛ ✌✛ ✏✛
✧✁
✂ ✡
✆✔ ✕
✝ ✁✝
✌
✒ ✩✡ ✆
So, both ✡ and are correct answer.
✕ ✕
p
The reciprocal of a number/variable is 1 divided by
re
the number/variable.
✖ ★ ✂
So, reciprocal of given variable ✒ ✑ ✞ ✌ ✚ ☞ ✄✜
✗ ✒✁✂
iP
✞ ✓✟
✆✌ ✔ ✕
☛
ex
✪ ★ ✪★
✆✌ ✒ ✑
✩★
✌
✩
☛✟
Fl
✆✌
✞✟
✗✄ ✖ ✓★
So, both ✄ and ✒ ✑ are correct answer.
✖ ✗
✚✧✛✫✜ ✌ ✚✧✛✜ ✌ ✫
✆ ✚✧ ✝✟✜✂ ✌ ✚✧ ✝✜✂ ✟✂
✆ ✚✧✝✟✜✂ ✌ ✁✝✂ ✟✂
So, both ✚✧✝✜✂ ✟✂ and✁✝✂ ✟✂ are correct answer.
✚✫ ✧ ✬✜☛
✆✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏
✆✌
So, ✚✟ ✧ ✜ ☞ ✌
p
re ✫ ✓✆
✒ ✑
✬
✬ ✆
✌ ✔ ✕
✫
iP
✆
✫ ✓✆ ✔
✆✒ ✑ ✌ ✔ ✕ ✚ ✞✠ ✁✆ ✂✫ ✄✠✆ ☎✆ ✫ ✌ ✛ ✫✝✟ ✬ ✌ ✔✜
✬ ✛
✫ ✓✆ ✔✆
ex
✆✒ ✑ ✌ ✆
✬ ✛
✫ ✓✆ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔
✆✒ ✑ ✌
✬ ✛✌✛✌✛✌✛
✟ ✓✡ ✂✄
Fl
✆✒ ✑ ✌
✁✝
✠ ✓✡ ✄✡
So, ✒ ✑
✡✂ ✁
✌ ✁
✡
✆ ✚ ✟✂ ✧ ✂ ✜✡ ✌ ✧✂✁
p
✂
✒ ✣ ✁
✕ ☛
re ✒
✓
✆ ✚✫ ✓ ✣ ✬ ✓ ✜✓✂ ✌ ✒✂✞☛✩☛✒✂✞ ✕✩
✕✞☛
✁
iP
✏✛ ✌ ✄
✆ ✚✫ ✓ ✣ ✬ ✓ ✜ ✓✂ ✌
✄ ✣ ✏✛
ex
✏✏✛
✆ ✚✫ ✓ ✣ ✬ ✓ ✜ ✓✂ ✌
✔✄
Fl
So, ✚✟ ✓✂ ✣ ✓✂ ✜✓✡ ✌
✂✂ ✁
☞✡
✏✛☛ ✌ ✄☛ ✦✚✛ ✜☛ ✌ ✚✏ ✜☛ ✒
✌
✏ ✌ ✛✕ ✏ ✌ ✛✕
✏✛☛ ✌ ✄☛ ✛ ✌✏
✆ ✌
✏ ✌ ✛✕ ✏ ✌ ✛✕
✏✛☛ ✌ ✄☛
✆ ✌ ✏ ✓ ✌ ✛ ✓✕
✏ ✌ ✛✕
✏✛☛ ✌ ✄☛
✆ ✌ ✏✒ ✌ ✛✂
✏ ✌ ✛✕
✏✛☛ ✌ ✄☛
✆ ✌ ✓✌✛
✏ ✌ ✛✕
✁✝☞ ✌ ✡☞
✆ ✌✝
✁✡ ✌ ✝✁
✏✩ ✆ ✪ ☛✞ ✌ ✁ ✩ ✓ ✪ ✞ ✓✆ ✌ ✏✩ ✆ ✪ ☛✞ ✌ ✏☛ ✩ ✓ ✪ ✞ ✓✆
✆ ✏✩ ✆ ✪ ☛✞ ✌ ✁ ✩ ✓ ✪ ✞ ✓✆ ✌ ✏✂☛☛ ✩✆✓ ✪ ☛☛ ✞ ✓✆
✆ ✏✩✆ ✪ ☛ ✞ ✌ ✁ ✩ ✓ ✪ ✞ ✓✆ ✌ ✏✆ ✌ ✩ ✌ ✪☛ ✌ ✞ ✓
p
✄ ✞✂ ☛✡
✆ ✁✞ ☛ ✟ ✌ ✂ ✞ ☛ ✟ ✌
✡ ✆ ✂ ✓ ✂ ✂ ✓✡
re ✟✂
iP
Given equation,
✄☛★ ☎ ✏☛ ✌ ✢✄
✚ ✏ ✜☛★ ☎ ✏☛ ✌ ✢✄
ex
✏ ★
✆ ✌ ✢✄
✏☛
Fl
✆ ✏ ★✓☛ ✌ ✏
Here both side base number is same, so its exponent is also have a same
value, so we can write that,
✆✢ ✞✧✔✌ ✢
✆ ✢✞ ✌ ✢ ✣ ✔ ✌ ✄
✄☛
✆✞✌
✢
☎
✆ ✌
✁
✦✚✫☛ ✜✓ ✒ ★ ✌ ✚✫✆★ ✜ ✌ ✚✫ ✓ ✜
✆ ✚✫ ✓ ✜ ★ ✌ ✫ ✆★ ✌ ✫ ✓✂
✆ ✫ ✓✂ ★ ✌ ✫ ✆★ ✌ ✫ ✓✂
✆ ✫ ✓ ✂ ★☛ ✆★ ✌ ✫ ✓✂
✆ ✫ ✂ ★ ✌ ✫ ✓✂
Here both side base number is same, so its exponent is also have a same
value, so we can write that,
✆ ✓✏✞ ✌ ✧✓✏
p
✆✞✌✧
✓✏
re ✆
✓✏
✌ ✧✄
iP
✄ ★ ✌✔ ★ ✌ ✔ ✓✂
ex
✆ ✚✔ ✜ ★ ✌ ✔ ★ ✌ ✔ ✓✂
✆ ✔✆★ ✌ ✔ ★ ✌ ✔✓✂
Fl
✆ ✔✆★☛ ★ ✌ ✔ ✓✂
✔ ★ ✌ ✔ ✓✂
Here both side base number is same, so its exponent is also have a same
value, so we can write that,
✞ ✌ ✧✓✏
✆✢
✆✞✌✧
✓✏
✢
✆ ✌ ✧✁
✆★ ✑★ ✂
✛ ✔ ✔
✔ ✕ ✌✔ ✕ ✌ ✔ ✕
✔ ✛ ✛
✔ ✓✆★ ✔
✑★
✔
✂
✆✔ ✕ ✌✔ ✕ ✌ ✔ ✕
✛ ✛ ✛
✔ ✓✆★☛✑★ ✔
✂
✆✔ ✕ ✌ ✔ ✕
✛ ✛
✆★ ✂
✔ ✔
✔ ✕ ✌ ✔ ✕
✛ ✛
Here both side base number is same, so its exponent is also have a same
p
value, so we can write that,
✞ ✌ ✓✢
re ✆✄
✆✞✌
✓✢✆
iP
✄
✆ ✌✡
ex
✕✆
We can write that ✤✁✤✤✛✄ ✌ ✂✒✒✒✒
✛✄
✆ ✤✁✤✤✛✄ ✌
Fl
✓✤✆
Now 54 factor is ✛✄ ✌ ✓ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔
10 factor is ✓✤ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✛
✞☛✞☛✞☛
✆ ✤✁✤✤✛✄ ✌ (Replace 54 by its factor, and 10 by its factor )
✒ ✞✕✩✙
✏ ✌ ✔☛
✆ ✤✁✤✤✛✄ ✌ ✆
✏ ✌ ✛✆
✆ ✤✁✤✤✛✄ ✌ ✏✒✂✓✆✩ ✌ ✔☛ ✌ ✛ ✓✆
✓
✤✁✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✓ ✌
✓✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤
✓
✆ ✤✁✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✓ ✌
✓✤✂✒
✁✁ ✁✁✁✁✁✁✁✁✁✁✄ ✌ ✄✁✓✡✠
✏✛✄✤✓✢
✏✛✄✤✁✓✢ ✌
✓✤✤
p
Now factor of
re
✏✛✄✤✓✢ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✥ ✌ ✥
✆ ✏✛✄✤✁✓✢ ✌ ✏ ✓ ✌ ✔✆ ✌ ✥ ✌ ✛✓ ✂
✆ ✁✝✡✁✁ ✄ ✌ ✁✡ ✌ ☎✡ ✌ ✂✂ ✌ ✝✓✡
Fl
✔✔✁✢✁✁
✔✔✁✁✢✁✁ ✌
✓✤✤✤
Now factor of
✔✔✁✢✁✁ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✥ ✌ ✥
And factor of
✓✤✤ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✛
✞ ✞ ✞ ✞ ✞ ✞ ✞ ✞☛✞☛✞☛✞☛✞☛
So, ✔✔✁✁✢✁✁ ✌
✞ ✞ ✞✕
✚✏✑ ✌ ✔☛ ✌ ✥ ✜
✆ ✔✔✁✁✢✁✁ ✌
✏☛ ✌ ✛
✆ ✔✔✁✁✢✁✁ ✌ ✚✏✑✓☛ ✌ ✔☛ ✌ ✥ ✌ ✛✓ ✂✜
✁✁✄✤✛✢
✧✁✁✄✤✁✛✢ ✌ ✧
✓✤✤
Now factor of
p
✧✁✁✄✤✛✢ ✌ ✧✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✥ ✌ ✥ ✌ ✥
re
And factor of ✓✤✤ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✛✁
So,
iP
✧✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✥ ✌ ✥ ✌ ✥
✧✁✁✄✤✁✛✢ ✌
✏✌✏✌✛
✏✕ ✌ ✔✆ ✌ ✥☛
ex
✆ ✧✁✁✄✤✁✛✢ ✌ ✧
✏ ✌✛
✆ ✧✁✁✄✤✁✛✢ ✌ ✧✚✏✕✓ ✌ ✔✆ ✌ ✥☛ ✌ ✛✓✂✜
✆✑ ☛
Given number, ✤✁✤✢✄✁✏✥ ✌ ✂✒✒✒✒✒✒
Now factor of
✢✄✁✏✥ ✌ ✥ ✌ ✥ ✌ ✥ ✌ ✥ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔ ✌ ✔
✆ ✢✄✁✏✥ ✌ ✥✆ ✌ ✔☛
Now, ✓✤✤✤✤✤✤ ✌ ✓✤ ✌ ✚✏ ✌ ✛✜ ✌ ✏ ✌ ✛
☛✙ ✞☛✎
So, ✤✁✤✢✄✁✏✥ ✌ ☞ ☞
✒ ✞✕ ✩
✥✆ ✌ ✔☛
✆ ✤✁ ✤✢✄✁✏✥ ✌
✚✏ ✌ ✛ ✜
✆ ✁✁ ✁ ✡✂ ✁✂ ✌ ✂✡ ✌ ☎☞ ✌ ✁✓✡ ✌ ✝✓✡
✔✄✛✁✔
✧✔✁✄✛✁✔ ✌ ✓✤✆ ✌ ✧ ✌ ✓✤✆
✓✤✤✤✤
✔✄✛✁✔
✆ ✧✔✁✄✛✁✔ ✌ ✓✤✆ ✌ ✧ ✌ ✓✤✆
✓✤✆
✆ ✧☎✁ ✡✝✂☎ ✌ ✄✁✡ ✌ ✧☎✡✝✂☎
p
re ✛ ✌ ✓✤ ✌
✆ ✝ ✌ ✄✁✡ ✌
✛ ✌ ✓✤✤✤✤✤✤
✝✁✁✁✁✁✁
iP
✛✥
✛✁✥ ✌ ✓✤✕ ✌ ✌ ✓✤✕
✓✤
ex
✆ ✝✁ ✂ ✌ ✄✁✁ ✌ ✝✂✁✁✁✁
Fl
p
re
Given standard form of a number,
✔✤✤✤✤✄✛
iP
✔✁✤✤✤✤✄✛ ✌ ✓✤ ✌ ✌ ✓✤
✓✤✤✤✤✤✤
ex
✔✤✤✤✤✄✛
✆ ✔✁ ✤✤✤✤✄✛ ✌ ✓✤ ✌ ✌ ✓✤
✓✤
✆ ✔✁ ✤✤✤✤✄✛ ✌ ✓✤ ✌ ✔✤✤✤✤✄✛ ✌ ✓✤ ✓ ✌ ✔✤✤✤✤✄✛ ✌ ✓✤✒
Fl
✆ ✔✁ ✤✤✤✤✄✛ ✌ ✓✤ ✌ ✔✤✤✤✤✄✛ ✌ ✓
✆ ☎✁ ✁✁✁✁✡✝ ✌ ✄✁✡ ✌ ☎✁✁✁✁✡✝
✌ ✓✔✥✢ ✌ ✓✤✤✤✤✤✤
✌ ✄☎✂✂ ✌ ✄✁✡
✌ ✡✁ ✌ ✄✁✆
✌ ✓✄ ✏✁ ✌ ✓✤✤✤✤✤✤
✄✁
✌ ✄✡✡ ✁✂ ✌ ✄✁✡ ✁
p
The average hair on normal human body✌ ✏✁✔✄ ✝✞☎✞✆
✏ ✔✄ ✌ ✓✤✤✤✤✤✤✤
re ✌
✌
✁
✁ ☎✡ ✌ ✄✁✆
✁
iP
Mass of virus✌ ✤✁✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✔✄
✔✄
ex
✓✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤
✌
✔✄
✓✤✂☛
✌
Fl
✌ ☎✡ ✌ ✄✁✓✡☞ ✟