9. Functions of Modal Verbs Sally : No, thanks Mum. There 5) be lots to eat at the party. Mum :6) ‘come and collect you in the car? Sally : No, there's no need. |7) ‘come home with Niki Mum : Well, 8) | wait up until you get back? Sally : No Mum. Please don't. Oh no! Look at the time! What 9) wear, Mum? [Doctorl You have to help me. (Oh yes, you willl The baby has @ught to ask them for help. | don’t think I'll be able to help you. We express advice with : should / ought to You should walk more. (general advice; | advise you.) had better You'd better see your dentist. (advice fora specific situation; itis a good idea.) should, ought to or had better. Jill :You 1) . should/ought to... ask someone to paint the house this year. Laura : Yes. I's beginning to look a bit dirty. | can’t really afford it, though. Do you think | 2) try to get a loan? Laura :No, you 3) riot. You might have a problem paying it back. Jill :14) do something about the roof as well. It leaks when it rains hard. Laura : Really? You 5) take care of it now or the ceiling wil fall in! Jill: Yes, you'e right. 16) ring someone today and ask them to look at it We express obligation or necessity with : must (strong obligation or personal ‘We must follow the school rules. (obligation; m obliged to) feelings of necessity) I must see a doctor soon. (I decide itis necessary.) have to (external necessity) | have to do my homework every day. (others decide it is necessary) {'ve got to (informal; it's necessary) I've got to leave early today. Must Is the Present Simple form. It borrows the rest of Its tenses from the verb have to, To form questions and negations of have to we use do/does (Pres. S.) and did (Past S.). He didn't have to do the shopping yesterday. You don't have to go to school today. Does he have to be at work on time? 19. Functions of Modal Verbs Fill in: must or have to. 1.1 must water the plants) (2.1 o goto bed.) water the plants, go° (1 oto bed early} oD We express absence of necessity or prohibition with : mustn't (prohibition) You mustn't park here. (It's forbidden.) can't (prohibition) You can’t enter the club without a card. (You are not allowed.) needn't (it is not necessary) You needn't take an umbrella. It isn't raining. don't need/have to (itis not You don't need/have to do it now. You can do it later. necessary in the presen/future) _(Itisn't necessary) didn't need/have to (it was He didn’t need/have to go to work yesterday because it was not necessary in the past) ‘Sunday. (It was not necessary.) @ Fill in: mustn't, needn't, don't need/have to, didn’t need/have to, have to or can't. Mum : You 1) .. can’t ... watch TV now. You have to do your homework, 729. Functions of Modal Verbs We make requests, offers or suggestions with : ‘can (request) Can you help me tidy my room? could (polite request/suggestion) Could | have a little more cake please? would you like (polite offer) Would you like some more lemonade? Shall liwe (suggestion/ofter) Shall | post this letter for you? (otfer) Shall we buy him a present? (suggestion) will (offer/request) * for the other uses of “will” I'll make you some coffee if you want. (friendly offer) (promises, threats etc.) see p. 26 Will you do me a favour? (friendly request) @ri in : can, could, would, shall or will. John : 1) Would . you like some more coffee, darling? Jane : No, | don't think so. 2) we get the bill? John : OK. Waiter - excuse me, 3) you bring us the bill please? Waiter : Here you are sir. 4) ‘i I take these plates away? John : Thank you. 5) | have a pen to sign this cheque please? Jane, 6) you give me my glasses? Waiter :7) you like me to get a taxi for you sir? John : Yes, please. Waiter : And 8) bring your coats for you in just a minute. an, would, could, shall or ‘Shop Asst :1). Can... |help you? Customer : Yes, I'm looking for a jumper. 2) you show me some? Shop Asst :Yes, of course. What size 3) you like? Customer : Medium, please. ‘Shop Asst :1 4) get some to show you. Is there anything else you 5) like to see? Customer :6) I try on some skirts as well? Shop Asst :Certainly.... .. .. 0 you like them? Customer :Yes, | do. 7) | take them all Shop Asst :8) | wrap them for you? Customer : Yes, please. @ Fill Mum 1). Will..... you be late home tonight, Sally? Sally : Yes, 2) . 'm going to a party. But | 3) be too late. | have to work tomorrow, Mum :4) {keep some dinner hot for you? I, shall or won't. 70