Introduction Syllabus Introduction - The Need for EIA, Indian Policies Requiring EIA, The EIA Cycle and Procedures, Screening, Scoping, Baseline Data, Impact Prediction, Assessment of Alternatives, Delineation of Mitigation Measure and EIA Report, Public Hearing, Decision Making, Monitoring the Clearance Conditions; Components of EIA, Roles in the EIA Process, Government of India Ministry of Environment and Forest Notification (2000), List of, Projects Requiring Environmental Clearance, Application Form, Composition of Expert Committee, Ecological Sensitive Places, international Agreements. LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this unit, you will learn the following concepts, Understand the ‘concept and importance of EIA Familiarize with Indian policies needing EIA Know the major key points in EIA process Ider Analyze the roles in EIA process Identify the projects that need clearance from the central government 'y the components in EIA Design of the application form for applying for environmental clearance Learn about the composition of expert committee for EIA Characterize the ecologically sensitive places VN NKR RR RK Information of the multilateral environment agreements for EIA. INTRODUCTION This unit provides a broad overview of the assessment of impact of any developmental activity on the environment, which is popularly known as Environmental Impact Assessment. It focuses on the environmental factors along with the econoniic or-social factors while considering the planning applications of a proposed project. The readers are guided through the steps te conducting an EIA: Screening, Scoping, Baseline Data, Impact Prediction, Assessment of Alternatives, Mitigation, EIA Report, Public Hearing, Decision Making, and ‘Monitoring. : ‘ projects , It also includes the components and role in the EIA, the notification issued by the Government of Indic needing environment clearance, the application format for applying for EIA along with the international agreements related to EIA in India. & scanned with OKEN Scanner00 — SME S ENVIRONMENTAL IMPAGT ASSES oLUTIONS yt LUNTUHYOERAR PART-A SHORT QUESTIONS WITH 5 Mode! Papo. Qt. What is E1a7 Explain the features of EIA. oie Anger + « JAvironmental impact Assessment sen sess te adverse im He ng Environmental Impact Assessment, generally refered as EIA sa sty ural emphasis on envi Fo, ~Soatonment by any peaosed pote, program or development pjct. The procdare ays sen em ‘ Ane hase Environmental tmpact Assessment has heen horrowed from Section 10202) Oi ement of late Policy Act (NEPA), 1969, USA. In India, the environment was given serious thought 8 ‘ational Committee on Envir Patt Gandhi inthe UN Conference on Hunan Environment in Stockh i 1972. ANA “The Tiwari Committee (comm Planning and Coordination (NCEPC) was set the Department of Science and Technol0ey. Ae ee oF Environ oy cview of legislative measures and administrative measures) has proposed the format’ evelopment projects and (okay ied at environmental protection, to carry out environmental impact asessment of rroptpetued the subjects OF Wilde ‘authority for pollution monitoring and control. The Ministry of Science and Technology inclt forestry with the Prime Minister holding its charge Features of ETA ‘The salient features of EIA are as follows, 1. To identify both the positive and negative impacts of any project on the environment, The asessment is done fr bog short and long period Toplan the project in such a way that then extent. The reduction of negative impact may be done either by con impacts ofthe project on the environment are reduced to. a considety ring an alternative project or by Proposed project. ‘ 2__To.check the implementation of a planned project and its effectiveness using a monitoring programme. a2. scuss objectives, merits and demerits of EIA. ? ee Model Paper a ‘The main goal of EIA is to identify, prediet and to quantify or qualify the changes in the environmental parameters like ‘+ pollution, water pollution, noise pollution or the biodiversity, owing to construction activity related to the project. Merits of EIA : . ‘The merits of EIA for the proposed developmental activity are, ‘ z 1 Jt eoniains the details ofthe developmental project, including the details ofthe physical features, the land use requirements, {he ature, type and quantity of materials used for construction and operation, the type, nature and quantity of discharges (air, water, soil, noise pollution etc) during the developmental phases. Thus, the ‘predicted adverse environmental and social impacts of the proposed project is specified. . 2. The specific reasons for choosing such a project along with consideration of the environiiental effects. 3. __It gives an idea about the mitigation measures ofthe predicted environmental impacts. Demerits of EIA. (a). Seale Sever smal projects accomplished in a short time or geographically conceited are never considered in the studyof environmental impact assessment. ) Time When the E1A is applied on short projects, the changes inthe environment are brought about ater ‘many years and decades ‘which threaten our civilization, Moreover, EIA is only an aid to the decis ion-making process, However, the incompatible objectives of several groups can politicize the decision-making process, (© “Scope © The scope of activities subject to PIA tte limited. The EIAs look into the effect of manufacturing industries on the surroundings and propose altemative locaton o mitigation measures for any problem. Bute environmental soundness never taken into consideration, (d@) Methodology ‘Most of the countries across the public, Therefore, country-specit needs, conditions and constraints, WARNING: Xerox/Photocopying of this bok is a CRIMINAL act*Anyne found ity is LABLE‘o face LEGAL proceedings. Hobe lice major problems with public participation and access of i fi oF mn an '88 of information to the ‘or region-specific methodologies and guidlines mut be developed pare co wel & scanned with OKEN ScannerUNIT-1" Infroduction a) @3. Enumerate the limit imitat Answer # lons of EIA. ._. Envitonmental Impact Asses ‘ ssessment (E " a civil (Policy. plan or projet) Sean CELA) involves an vestigation ofthe effets onthe environmen ase froma major Inthis process, the effects of proj; study proposal means to mitigate or reduce the si ficant impacts on the environment. on the report and then making a fs ee ‘re analyzed fist, the effects are recorded in a teport, followed by consulting se activites contribs tal decision base onthe experts omens and informing the publi about the decision. Thestuy oft sisiable development ofthe eaveanent ronmental i : dots The primary date nludes hg easement should include. significant amount of primary asd secondary e ste) The secondary data includes nce lected in the field regarding the status ofthe environment ike air quality, water quality scenario. lata collected over the years, which ean be used to understand the existing environmental -avironmental El ei Zn revealed a number of limitations as described below, . fees swer refer Unit-l, Q2, Topic: Demerits of EIA. ; : Q4. Whatare the factor i : Penis rs affecting EIA evaluation and analysis? The other additional fact ors a i i bon peat ffecting EJA evaluation and analysis are, 2 (b) Extent of the developmental activity . (0) Relocalion/displacement of inhabitants of the area. {@) Resource availability. ° me (¢) Environmental resilience. (Sustainability of the environment. : (g) _ Absorptive capacity of the environment. i @ proposed developmental aetivity must have nial negative impact on the environmen environmental and economic outcomes and thus contribute to a healthy and resilient ecological system. @5. Describe possible changes in the environment by various project activities. ‘Mode! Papers, (b) ant, and deliver positive, social, * answer : ‘The po {@) Changes in the land use, (©) Bncouragement into nature reserves. {@) Loss of vegetation, as trees are chopped down to make way’for the constr Negative effect on the historiéal/cultural monuments: t Complications duc to resettlement and rehabilitation of people, i Water polation arising from iniproper disposal af constuction waste, {) Soil contamination from accidental leakage and spillage of ol o fuel (i) Noi (i) Threats to loeal biodiversity. (Pollution of the environment. fi Q6. What is inventory in EIA? : Answer = Model Paper, a4) Snemical, biological cultura, Environmental inventory isa com {a proposed.area o le changes in the environment by various project ativities are pollution from various equipment. lation of environmental parameters that include physical, c social and economical of faction. It contains checklist of: (a) Airenvironment (&) Water environment : (6) Soil environient (@) Biological environment Cultural environment snomical environment, a SPECTRUM @LLAN-ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS © (0 Social and eco! & scanned with OKEN Scanner0 —— Kalsoinchudesh ; al inver alt impacts and also psychological impact, Environmental _"Desson he enone ide loos oer eae nee m0 Ie el igen Environmental inventory ‘abit and posiberehailiaton arcs ” Q7. "Write short notes on ) Direct impacts Gi) Indirect impacts ceca Answer : et action th avimagg i ye proposer 7: se treet impact of developmen activity refers othe det effect caused by th Peep into the nearby Water bo Fo, Camle discharge of events by te Eth a ETP) fom igh biological oxvBen demand Gop or high aeane Natt Suay in terms ot high eoncetation of tote shemale in water il thigh dissolved oxygen, caused by the proposed action tg Q8. How is environmental inventory prepared and whats its role in baseline data acquisition? Answer : Enviroment inventory is prepared by sudying envconnentl parameter inthe 10 kx range ofthe noni ae iy Ssview of existing staus of the environmental parameters by collecting the data that is prepared by monitoring primary yy ‘Secondary sources. This helps in biéline data ‘acquisition to prepare Environmental Impact Statement, Q9. . What is the importance of public hearing? Answer : Public hearing is a formal'meeting conducted: by the proponents of a developmental project and involves the genen) Public 1 comment or give feedback on the proposal. Such meetings ae an opportunity forthe public to voice ther op the proposed projects 3 ‘The main objectives of such meetings are, (0) To discuss the various issues ofthe projet. Gi) To provide/get clarifications regarding the projec. i ii), ‘Tp collect information about various issues. iv) Toiinelude new members in the discussin (¥) + To find solutions to the impending problems. (vi) To increase public awareness about the ongoing issues inthe projec. Model Papert, aig, WARNING: Xerox/Photocopying ofthis books CRIMINAL act: Anjone found guity is LAB 10 face LEGAL proceedings. P & scanned with OKEN ScannerUNIT-1" Introduction 3) PART. B ESSAY QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS |.| NEED FoR 10. What is ease INDIAN POLICIES REQUIRING EIA ntal impact assessment and its importance? Answer For answer refer Us Model Papers, 2a) | July-21, (R48), (5) an eva Ql Environmental impact asse e sessment, study un ‘of human intervention through proposed bee dy undertaken to assess the adverse impact on the local environment as a consequence Smphasis onthe environment public and private developmental activites such as proj al factors. mental activities such as projects and programs, ays Strong EIA is very imy important for approvi Figen Approving a project for the following reasons: >, Conservation and prese auig Pur land whee Preservation of the environment and its resources. ler management f an Predievieg tu Inagement for a sustainable environment. ie ig the ecological heritage for our future generatic rromoting eco-friendly technologies, —_ Qi. Discuss about the need 5 of El i poate IA for engineering projects. ‘The EIA for engineering proj Brains 1g projects is important for the following reasons, es ens net etre il ee o.oo land and water management fra sussinabe environment ( fo preserve the ecoldgical heritage for our future generations. (iv) To promote ecofriendly technologies. (0) Totake strategic measures for afforestation of demided waste lands (v)_Tohelp the government at loca, sate and national level t frame laws for ‘G12. Enumerate the purpose of draft environmental impact notification, 2020. environmental conservation. Government of India, on March 23rd 2020, Answer = “The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF & CC). recommended the Draft Environmental Impact Assessment notification, 2020, The new draft was méant to replace the existing EIA notification, 2006. “The central government has emphasized the need forthe new draft because He 2006 EIA Notification has undergone several modifications for nearly 55 times and 230 office memorandums (OMS) ‘have been issued, which has caused a lot of confusion. “The main purpose of the-daft EIA Notification is to include all he roeressv¢ amendments in the 2006 notification. ‘The major proposal of the Draft 2020 are, () Categorization of Projects: [All projects are broadly divided into three categories, namely A, B1 and B2. at the National level by Impact Assessment Agency. (IAA) and thie Expert Appraisal further divided the state level, Category B projects are dd shale exploration, hydroelectric projects all inland waterway projects, expansion ‘building construction and are appraised Category A projects jects belongi Committee (EAC). Proj jo BI (mandatorily requiring BIA) and B2 ‘The projects considered in category B2 include offshore upto 25 MW, irigation projects between 2,000 and 10,000 hectares of command area, th defined parameters, and specified ‘or widening of highways ‘between 25 km and 100 km wit area development projects @ (i) Reduced Time Period to Stakeholders for Public Hearing include indi ‘onal interest groups, expert ‘and non-governmental “The interested stakeholders involved inthe Proje roups, business afiiatons, academic organ” ions, government agencies, private organizations : Tie to aie isos elated to te preiinary report of the organizations. These groups of people are given 30 days assessment, “The nei draft strives to reduce the period to just 20 days. _- speCTRGM ALL-IN-ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STODENTS ing to category B aie appraised a! (not requiring EIA). ‘and onshore oil, gas an duals; communities, recreatic & scanned with OKEN Scanner“iy toy wo wi @ ay ii) Gy) w) Post-Clenranee Com Following Fol the approval oF the proposed prjeet by the tpherimed authorities, the projeet proponents must concer ject proponents hollow the rules iid down in the CIA ree! 1 {Noid causing hatm to the envionment Submission of Annual Report - ‘Ageanding to thenew drat EIA, the eomphance rept of {Re Projet must be sited annually sen af every months, nee Excluston of Public Reporting for Ne The EIA Noti bout violations Post n-Cotnplianee ‘ation 2020 does not inclu the reports ra non-compliance by the pmb. to Clearance "ost ficto clearance” is ted where a “project that hasbeen operating without environmental learanee, be regularized or allowed to apply for clearance Penalty for Firms, Project found viola be penalized suitably ng the terms and conditions would intentions Issues Associated wiih EIA Notification 2020 Ex Post Facto Environmental Clearance According to this rule, a nvironment (protection) act ean apply for clearaiee. The environmentalist are ofthe vieW thatthe ion-compliant industies would continue with their operations and et established by paying the penalty amount. Empowers the Central Government but Weakens the Public The draft offers to strengthen the central goverament {0 declare certain projects as strategic and restrict the involvement ofthe public in protecting the environment Easy Clearance for Strategie Projects The strategic projects are mostly related to national defence and security. However, the ELA Notification 2020 enables the goverment to decide on the strategic tag for other projects. > * Reduced Notice Period for Public Hearing Means Reduced Awaretiess Since the notice period for publie hearing has bee reduced from 30 days 10 20 days, it would be hard to analyze the draft EIA report due to its non-availability in the regional language. Non-Compliance to International Environmental Instruments India is a party to the United Nations (UN) conférence ‘on Human, Environment and Development in Stockholm in 1972, the Rio Summit in 1992, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Climate Accord, Being committed to such international frameworks and conventions and on the contrary undermining the EIA regime tthe domestic lével would weaken India’s position asa world vader in environmental governance and climate politics, WARNING: XeroxPhotocopyingo is boo i CRIMUAL a Anyone fund pity is LABLE to fae LEGAL proceedings. [UNTU-HYDERARa, ro olassification » ‘ais. Write an acco! 1 impact environmental ModlPo gy, Answer # ay be broadly last al ienpacts Fnvironment three differen ay! (Adverse) Impag, sap ot Negative ical benefits ings physical Benefits to rn aie ina issn ys and coastal matagena! cpt aac FS ns ene projects. And when tr red to as having a negaig Fen ses #1 pe cotton cinerea ai aaiteen moment like change | ofl fa" of Hiss aa yaaa problems ag forest, and cultural monuments wye both beneficial and adverseeffe ‘The impacts from construction of stare eis ike fds morte, Jotels. seataurants shops, can have positive. : hotel, restarts SP ronmental valies and seng rae reaium to finance protection of Watral Ares anj aes cronomie importance: Unconttlle ic tt sori tas ml increased polation (air noise, solid waste and literng sewage oil and cliemicals, rchitectural/visual pollution) discharges into the sea, natural habitat loss, extinction of species, depletion of water resources etc, (i) Positive (Benefic rojec When a proposed pre Tourism activitiesha fon the environmett. ‘Temporary (Short-Term) or Permanent (Long Lasting) Impacts a), The construction of a multistorey’ complex in a prime location has short-ferm construction related’ impacts and long- term unavoidable impactson the local environment. The short-tetm or temporary impacts are the construction, traffic, noise, dust, disfuption of vehicle and pedestrian traffic. The long-lasting or permanent impacts are the consumption of energy resources, generation of waste, increase in impervious’ surface Teading to increased stormwater runoff, - (iii). Reversible or Irreversible Impacts Based on the severity of potential impact by any proposed project, the impact may be either reversible ‘or irreversible. The impact of noise due to construction ‘ctivites is reversible. The harm io the environmen! dive {o more infrastructural facilities like transpet, trade, commerce and service sector i iréversible. Other ¢xamples are arge-seale industrial plans, large-scale Hand clearance and leveling, mineral development, pot and harbour development, reclamation of new lend ‘evelopment, thermal snd hydropower development & scanned with OKEN ScanneryNIT-1 Introduction The other wi apts are, YS. Of cate 98 oF categorization of environmen al Accidental impacts or nn ed impacts, mary imp impacg, PN oF deco secondary % Cumulative : 7 ‘ultiveimpoct oe sng mae, ‘onstructional phase impact or or eae rt Se impact or operational phase 4 Reparable via man, % Local, regional national ; Cer oF global impact Git Whatare the positiveand neg : ative environs impacts of the metro rail project actiay? answer t positive Impacts The positive impacts of metro rail (0) Reduced travel time the other. Droject activity are: for commuting from one place to (t),. Safe and coinfortble made of tansporiation, (@), Increased accessibility a workplace. (@)_ Decrease in congestion on Toads, (@) Reduced fuel it (9 Reda nae A typical £1S should provide the following information, General Information about the Project : Thib section contain thet ofthe project name and address of poject proponents, location ofthe project and the conte person: ; Project Description 9° ‘ re : It contains the plan/design of the-project, WARNING: Xerox Photocopying ofthis book j.0 CRIMINAL act, Anyone found quity is ABLE to face LEGAL proceedings, 7 & scanned with OKEN Scanner} yNiT-1 Introduction I various stages of the pr roject develope Pictures of the Project seating ae ‘This section contains the project construction sige PENIS oF the proposed 6 Environment Management Ptan Environmental management refers to management of conreent of te hoy cavtonmea eta re living (biotic) and the non-liv i) factor living (abiotic) fret Eavronmenial Managemen Plan EMP) ahe oe ee Plan, AS a part of EIA Teporting, It Pains the several mitigation and monitoring menses that news specific action toe eartid out by th proponent during project construction an " a sustainable environment, Gr hae 3. Environmental Monitoring Plan Environmental monitoring plans involve chose atertion to monitoring an mney ek conditions to assess the effectiveness of development interventions. The process involves discussions among project managers, government officials and researchers for accurate prediction of impacts ot changes in the impact trends. It can even warn the project proponents ‘of unexpected adverse impacts and the effectiveness of implemented mitigation measures. 8 Abandonment Plan/Residual Impacts This section gives an overview of any residual adverse environmental effects following the implementation of | mitigation measures. 9%. Accountability statement of preparer and proponent. & 10. _Attachients/other supporting documents Q18. Write the difference between screening and scoping in EIA process. uly 24, (R16), atta) OR Write in brief the components of environmental impact assessment (EIA). Answer : ‘Model Papers, Qz(a) The key components in the environmental impact assessment ofa developmental activity include the following, 1. Screening Screening of development programs is usually done by an EIA authority/environmental consultant! ‘government agency constituting a variety of experts as ‘8 multiiseiplinary team like environmental science, engineers, ecologists, botanists, zoologiss, agricultural scientists, economists and sociologists. This component is thus quick, easy to use and considered to be the best ‘method of decision making. Scoping, ‘This step recognizes the important issues of concern at preliminary level of the planning preicess. It helps in site selection, possible technical options and avo all kinds ‘of delays that arise during the projéct. This step of the development process involves the developer, planning of etvironimental agencies, local communities and other stakeholders. In essence. the scooping process should be focused, comprehensive, flexible but icyas well ‘8 provide sufficient information to the public about the proposed project and understand the project and issues. Assessment ‘The assessment is based on data collection, field visits and consultations with stakeholders. The EIA authority or environmental eénsultants must record the construction, operation and maintenance plans of the proposed project and its impact on the ecological and socio-economic cnvironment, suggest alternatives for site selection for development, solutions, techniques and theit impacts. Alternatives Alternatives are included in the ETA to identify and evaluate alternative actions that can be umfertaken to achieve similar goals and promote sustainable development. Some of the features of alternatives in an ELA are, (@)_ Feasibility ‘The proposed alternatives should be economically. feasible with least adverse environmental impacts. (b)_ Diverse ‘A proposed action must have diverse alternatives that include both design and sites/routes for development. (© Scheduling The proposed alternatives should be timely presented to encourage more environmentally sound and publicly acceptable solutions. (@ Involvement of Public Public participation should be encouraged to integrate citizens into the environmental decision making process by arranging public meetings and hearings, open houses, networking, hotlines, responsive publication, surveys, forming advisory councils to generate new alternatives, Mitigation Measures This step includes the modifications in the proposals to prevent, avoid or minimize the potential significant effects ofa project. It may also include substitution of an alternative technology of give up certain aspects of ‘the project. If the project appears to have an adverse impact on the environment, then the proposal should be elected. yi <)> SPECTROM ALLIN-ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS & scanned with OKEN Scanner(9 "as ironmental pact Sawanvar sy ‘Toe Findings of the environmental agsessiemt are ‘ported as Environmental Impact Statement (BIS). I isa Saati ‘e. clear and concise non-technical fimmary of the description of the project, including location, design scale, size, mitigating measures and a more detailed section on the technical aspect ofthe sessment, TIS should contain specific information describing the effect on the environment due to the proposed development along with the impact on humans, flor, fauna, soil, water, air, climate and cultural heritage, 7 Reviewing and Decision-making “This step begins when the working document of the Proposed project reaches the decision-maker who will ‘onsider its implications for project inaplementation, 8. Continuous Monitoring Continuous monitoring ofthe environmental impact by Project implementation is essential especially during the construction and operation phases of a project. This component of EIA ensures effeetive environmental ‘management and protection. id the process of Answer : Model Paper, 2b) Screening is the initial step for conducting an BJA. It helps inthe decision making prosess, whether to conduet the assessment oF notto conduct a ual ‘The process of conducting screening in EIA involves the preliminary determination of EIA requirements fora project prior to beginning the construction and operation. Thus, the expected impact of'a proposed project on the eiivironment is determined in this step. The responsibility of the screening step lies with the competent BIA authority. The process of screening has tobe done at the carliest possible so that the project proponents and participants dre awnie of EIA formalities, ‘The following set of questions may be assessed as apart of the sereening process : ’ (Will the proposed projeci affect the sufrounding ‘environment? Gi) Will the effect stretch to a large area? (Gli) ‘The number of people affected by the project. Giv) The effect of the project on the flora, fauna, businesses “and facilities, + i (¥): ‘The impact of the project on the valuable or scarce resources. (vi) __ Will the impact have a positive or adverse effect?” (vii) Will the impact be temporary of permanent? (viii) Will the project have a reversible or irreversible effect? consequences : cee ' 1A isnot nee i @ Inert BA needed (ii) Aeomprchensiv® OT sed siminary BVA ine the (i) Apri sje determine tye opp i study vironmental Examination), iv : 20. Mode! Paper, Answer £ Sf, which simp sosraph iy ‘Abase map is anarial a the help of an air i, sata? nelicopterrones/microdt, ie eran consist of ight Manan rapes iam scanner, plot, software 96 cameras used are film-based, SO eat Tre phonetic same cables te CONTEON Of say images into digital files and represen Map (EBM) is One ofthe impor nt actvity. It contains the py .d construction in the form of, es the basie information the photograph tak camera fted 10 Such special survey ai! systems with2-3 ech seta film photogramimet Environmental Base stages of a project developmet And final design ofthe propose i lu schematic drawing. It also ine asic 3 the project site such asthe environmental situation, popuatg distribution (demographics), soil conditions, meteorology ang air quality, topography, surface and groundwater hydro, and quality, land use:seismicity and ecological resources, provides information on the existing status of the ecosystem potentially threatened by the developmental activities. ‘ie Roveénmental ise Map is prepaid by wig ‘computer aided AutoCAD Map 3D environment or the ott powerfill technologies such as Geographic Information System (GIS) software. ( Q21. What is impact prediction? Answer: Impact Prediction ‘The quantification of anticipated impacts of a proposed Project on different environmental factors is known ‘as impact prediction 5 ¥ ‘The accitrate itnpact prediction is'not easy because of the dynamic and complex nature of Various ecosystems. The predietion of impacts is usally ascertained by ca studies as examples or analogies studies, elated to quintitative mathematical models, statistical models, pilot models and experiments, WARNING: Xess Photenying ofthis kis 9 CRIMINAL oe Anyone fod uty is LABL ta face LEGAL process, & scanned with OKEN ScannerwiT=1! Introduction struction and operatio oo Peration of the cate @ o @ sgeeath’serust by digging is pining Pos ; treking in mines. The impact ofthe mining set The potential em environmental im ‘al impacts, during the ish alg SS PS can be aly Primary Impact ~ Suchas release ofr pollutants, ee the ambient noise levels, Secondary Impact Such as changes in the air qitai deposition of part a change. ‘Tertiary Impact asc of heat, changes Such as impact on hum nai he ol i clwal productivin alth impact on aesth * effect on flora and fauna 18 minerals and their ores from hown as mining. The t a thrat tothe ewronmentand aio ote nate toilare as mentioned below, Mining leads to deforestation chic to the diversion of forest land for mining i ae and arene Poros This f beeause large 7 50 that miners can dig into the Apart from large scale deforestation, the vegetation’ emanate eof construct residential facilities for the mine workers Large scale deforestation leads to loss of biodiversity duc to loss of habitat of the animal species. Mining operations cause ground compaction due tothe Fieavy machinery operations, trafic and storage activities ete. The mining dust causes change in the texture of the parent Soil, the soil components like soil horizons, soil structure, sil microbe population, nutrient cycles, Wash off toxic metals into nearby land surfaces reduces soil fertility. . Loss of vegetation may enhance weathering (both physical and chemical). The rain-bearing clouds formed in the mined ateds pick up carbondioxide from the ‘atmosphere and.form a weak acid. When the rain falls, the weak acid attacks the exposed rock surface and causes its weathering. ‘The immediate impact of mining activity is Acid Mine Drainage (AMD)/ Acid Rock Drainage (ARD), Itis the ‘outflow of acidic water from coal mines or abandoneld mines of metals. This usually decurs when the sulphide minerals ate uncovered during the process of mining. ‘Acid Mine Drainage is hazardous to the environment as it disrupts the cyole of nature, It also forms a blanket over the water bodies, usually streams and rivers and prevents the entry of sunlight, thus photosynthesis does not occur, This leads to the death of the aquatic plants, thus disturbing the aquatie ecosystem. SPECTRUM ALLIN-ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS : @) 9. Change in natural drainage. The groundwater recharge through the surface reduces, because reduced infiltration results in increased surface runoff, teading i then overflow into the sedimentation ponds which ¢ neathy streams : 10,__Disruption inthe aestheties ofthe landscape. 23. Discitss various guidelines for mitigating soil ‘erosion. Answer . Erosion of soil by various agents ean be reduced by axlopting the following methods (i) By minimizing the amount ofs ‘vogetation, bare through reduced i). By retaining the stubble ofthe erops in the: soil. (tii) By retaining vegetation in sensitive areas. (Gv) By construction of physical structures to stabilize the slipping avay of soi. (By cethining vegetation in sensitive areas. (Wi) By promoting the growth’ of macroscopic and ‘mjeroscopic soil organisms. . By promoting the useof anthropogenic chemicals in (vii) * the soil. (viii) By encouraging extensive plantation of trees. (Q24,. Discuss in brief the anticipated environmental “impact owing to a developmental project. Answer : 7 ‘The potential environmental impacts, during the construetion’and operation of the project, can be broadly categorized into the following types, ta) Primary Impact (Release of air pollutants (ii) Release of heat Gi) Changes in ambient noise levels Secondary Impact Changes in ar quality Gi) Impact on visibility (ii). Particulates deposition on water and land (iv) Climate change, Tertiary Impact (Impact on humais health ) © (ii) « Impact on aesthetics (iii) Impact on agricultural productivity (iv) Impact on flora and fauna (v)Impact'on economic output (vi) Impact on socio-cultural environment. sec & scanned with OKEN ScannerEL Rial |-HY Dt esomenT UNTU-HYDERAg, = ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASS! ould depict the follow tia a8 a inte imps ie trecnstrcton sett are, | cy Reset 1 areas (©) Soil coupon by cath uote ad ether Neary Gi) Commercial eavininent ial areas ea i) Irdstil ion a () Suit erosian a Institutional, parks ds A ty (©) _Overexpoitation of aticutral si Z Iofrasiructare or built oe ' {) Sei stiniction asd sil scdReaion inne arin ses ©) Dist potion by brick, ihe and achestos (iy Dump sites agricultural land, wey (9 ~ Noise pottuion by construction equipment desl (vy Natal areas (ret a ie sang Beneratr operations wp it pans. 8 lor, wate marshy/salt pe ildlife corti ti (©) Damage to environment atonal park; wasn 0) Damage to of constr nee y pea the health of construction workers, Characteristics of the istics of the study area, What is the necessity of delineation of study | s, areas for EIA? Answer : 6 ‘The term delineation refers 10 the identification of the site where a proposed developmental activity is planned 1 Delineation is essential for the following reasons: (Lis helpful to determine land use activities.» 8 Gi) It enables the identification of sensitive areas for protection. % Gil) Ut helps to identify the less sensitive areas for | 10, developmental activities, 1 enables proper management of the environment and ‘natural resources, IL (1 helps in understanding the ecology, geography, geology and cultural features of the st tops to delineate th ludy area for soll quality assessment. ec.20, rte, ay) | 12 OR a What is the procedure for delineation of study area for EIA? Answer : Mode! Papers, az) | 14. Environmental site assessment (or pre-acquisition site | 15. assessment), where a proposed action is planed is essential | 44 to define the characteristics ofthe area, which is likely to be significantly affected by the proposed project, This step ‘should include the land-use map, land-use policies, zoning and details of the development project to be undertaken. WARNING: Xerox/Photocapying ofthis book is CRIMINAL act. An one fund pity is ABLE a fay \ECAL woceeings, 2) ‘The different characteri considered for EIA are, Jogy - Nature of rock, sil and geological resoy, Geology - Nature id features. ‘Topography - Lan Soils - Type of soil in the project area; black, req, yellow. . a Groundwater resources - ua of groundwater fp, deep wells and subsurface aquifers. Surfhee water resources ~ Waterbodies, water cour, drainage basins, subbasins, water quality. Terrestrial botanical and Zoologic; communities - Vegetation, wildlife, genetic resource ‘endangered species, threatened species. Aquatic corimunites - Nature of aquatic habitats, fs and aquatic communities, species abundance. Environmentally sensitive area - Include wetlands, floo plains, slopes, agricultural lands and mines, Air quality - Existing air quality in the project site. Landuse - Landuse pattern of the Project site includ: the area covered for residential, commercial, industrial Tecreation, transportation, agriculture, waterbodies, ek Demographic profile - Total population in the stu: thot average sex ratio, average family size, age 0 the population, literacy levels, Sceuipational profile ‘traditional skills, sources of livelihood, Sound levels - Noise Senerated from constructiot ies, eperation of construction equipment. Socio-economic con status, ameni ndition - Population, occupation demographics; employment pattem, Sota yales health conditions, Infrastructural services - Schools. oles, shopping aes. ‘Transportation - Highways, roadways, railways, airports. Cultural resources ~Atchacological historical; cultural Project economiés - Economic ie ‘sts and benefits fom the proposed project activity, 7 & scanned with OKEN Scannerir-1_ introduction what are the Points delineating the study ne be considered in F mining ‘9 Project? rt ye Same of the points to be sea for the Mining project ore fo i ME Project are, th eS nh eaares SUCH 28 watershed One tienes of why error oundarig, S°erahie vr ‘ abit loss, leading 8 in oe alterations in the ierease in ¢ : fon inthe predtrrey eae competition, Impact of mining on the wildcmese sean pisturbance caused by trang; "mess areas, ‘equipment (machin ¥ the mine sites, Disturbance to the aesthe : tic qualities of sol ee) enviroamént. ee ofeotinde andthe Reduced opportunities for viewi wildlife ‘ewing and photographing * dclineating the ansporation of personnel and S, Suppliers) to and from How to prepare the environmental audit report? Juiy24, oie (R16), 2510) Write a short note on preparation of an environmental report. 13 ) Fhe EIS's framework and methodolOBy (©) Explanation o (D._ Wentifieaton and evaluation of significant environmental tipets a well as mitigation measures related 1 a proposed action. (@) _Mentifeation of unavoidable adverse environmental impacts and cumulative impacts Final Environmental Impact Statement TFEIS contains information necessary, ageney officials a make decisions based nthe envtonmental consequences of proposed actions. Final Environmental Impact Statement is a revs version ofthe Draft EIS as viewed by most people. But Ta ihe contrary. a DEIS and FEIS may contain very different {atormation unless and unl the FEIS sels the DE. Tere are minor modifications ina Draft E1S:FEIS may consist of an errata sheet containing corrections and reviSiOCe cons oe EIS, public comments on DEIS andthe azeNy's reaponses to public comments. Such practice avoids Waste fof resources ~ money, time, energy and paPet Le momsher agencies who prefer to rewrite and republish changes made in Draft IS aa Fial EIS order « aaa acy torefertoustone document after the competion of the EIS process. ‘Q29. Explain the measures tobe taken for ition ion gr adverse environmental impacts during operational phases of an engineering project. Answer t or measures to be taken for mitigation of adverse perational phases of a” swer + Model Papert; Q3(s) 2 eironmental Impact Statement * ipo r e during 0 The findings of the environmental assessment are } (i) ~ sing oF pe bgt at which construction material ed as Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). It isa js loaded or unloaded. ve, clear and concise, non-technical summary'of | (ii) Inffuencing the ground vehicles to reduce emissions. ‘on of the project, including location, design, scale, | (ii) Use of silencers on ‘construction equipment for noise ze, mitigation measures t0 minimize or avoid the potential abatement. s sprese impacts of project and a more detailed section onthe | (iv) Use foige barriers to prevent the noise mana 08 from nical aspects of the assessment, {heoonstruction equipment from the sensN8 receivers. ““roniental Impact Statement should sontinspecise.| (0) Energy management SYR to monitor and reduce Boat _ the environment due tothe ‘overall energy use includes, : i ‘on the environment du ; ation desribing te fi F Use of renewable energy SOUrEES such as solar wed development along with the jmpact on humans, flora, Ue ofp nn —- bans, eaters climate and cuts hes ‘g Buming of municipal solid waste produce Preparation of EIS sgcuisinial'A eee : “The EIS is prepared in Iwo SECT Fg fers to the 4g Encourage the use of low-emission rental cars, Daft Environmental Impact Statemen (BIS) re taxis, shuts. report ithe environmental impact of propose! 2 * | (gj. amplement water conservation measures such 8§ Draft Environmental Impact Statements ie atin ofautoratic shut offand ow-low plumbing aa FDEIS are, se programs. The principle components of . fixtures, waterrCUs® POET : () Analyses ‘of environmental issues related {© a proposed (vy Preventing ‘soil compaction caused bY be sia of daction‘and its alternatives Prevéjes and machinery. BY Festi fa () Comparative accoun ‘movement to defined tmcts ‘and avoid its use ronmental ‘construction 207: ‘i their potential environ economics 50 iy Preventing the enty of eonstrction materi into sue aesthetic, historiey O(c as impact (oi) Premio prevent the adverse IMPACT drinking wate™ al impacts (such e ete- and ecological rnd function lis, isigation S958, Hye ety as or te proposed acto «| x) Prevent the entry of sements into SUI (6) Purpose and need for OT ic and a8enC, (or ae implementing ranofl cont ‘ (Contains inmate of ein kes i patconol measures ase sips Camultants) so thatthe 42 cieraton uring sent enginesting PATHE cpvironmental conceres "> iiaa nfocess: ase 1QURNAL FOR ENGINEERING ‘STUDENTS & scanned with OKEN Scanner‘80. Discuss the importance, procedure, advantages and disadvantages of the public hearing Process in EIA, Answer: Importance of Public Hearing Process in FIA The public hearing process in ELA is a formal meeting conducted by the proponents of a developmental project and involving the general public to comment or give feedback on the proposal, Such meetings are an opportunity forthe public to voice their opinion on the proposed projects. Such meetings are important forthe following reasons: (@Todiseuss the various issues about the projet i) To provide-get clarifications regarding the project. Gi) To collect informatio’ about various issues. Gv) Toinclude new members inthe discussion. (©) To find solutions to the impending problen (vi) To increase public awareness about the ongoing issues inthe project. Procedure 7 Public participation should be enviraged to integrate citizens into the environmental décision making process by arranging public meetings and hearings, open houses, networking, hollines, responsive publication, surveys, forming advisory councils to generate new altematives Advantages The awareness about environmental impacts enables «each one of us to leam to make our world a better place to live Gain a beter understanding of te status of environmental impacts. (ii) Provide an opportunity for educators to network and form links for future collaboration. (iv) Actas tool in the management ofthe environment. (8) ‘Increase the knowledge and attitudes ofthe people. (vi) ‘Strive towards increased skills and practical application of environmental knowledge through positive environmental behaviour. : Disadvantages The project proponents may find it difficult to convince ‘people to participate in such meetings. When. the draft of the proposed action is ready, it is sent for approval from government agencies. This requires notification in newspapers and media to let the general public know about it. ‘The process involves preparing questions for a survey ‘0 be carried out on various aspects of the proposed action. ‘The public decides if the proposed action is beneficial » them both geographically, aesthetically and economically. The entire process is systematic, time bound and ried out in a transparent manner ensuring possible public ‘ticipation at the project site. “The comments, opinions and suggestions from the public analyzed and reviewed by the implementing agency. a ENVIRONMENT! eset ISTE nee awnorders 19 the py ae rote of miPACT xplain’ fproparation- a jing 10 Howlett an Yee i sta seme! S ‘The role of stakeholders in EIA mic (Participate in the 1c assessment PFO" Mts ment agen mites, gOverHMEN ag remnmental organ me now sntation a” preparation are , sereening of development progran, cedures conducted by y, (i) Manage th developers. : Gi Monitor the implementation ofenvitonments] Poy measures. E (iv) + Hire experts in Various fields fo undertake EIA stu, (j),,« Assit the preparation ofthe EIA report (vi) Design mitigation measures. \ ction of environmental resous, (ii) Management and protes ina sustainable manner. (viii). Participation in:identifying and solvi problems. a (ix) Provide compensation for adverse environment impacts, (%) “Arrange for funds needed for carrying out the projec. Q32. Write a short note on the EIA process. ing environment Answer + For answer fefer Unit-1, Q17. about draft and final environmental Q33. Expl: impact statements. ' Answer t For answer refer Unit-l, Q28, Topic: Draft Environment Impact Statements and Final Environmental Impact Stateme 134. Write a brief note on the factors affecting the EIA. 2 ABER Fie : Modo} Paper 40! ‘The study on the factors affecting the ELA, rocess hel to evaluate, analyze and report on. the environmental condi {rom the activities resulting from several developments. AnED| should include details of the follow } projet sie, i the following aspects at the propo! WARWING: Xerox/Photocopying ofthis bok is @ CRIMINAL ‘act Anyone foind guilty is ABLE to faée LEGAL proceedings. | & scanned with OKEN ScannerseteorolORy and Air Quy wrincludes: (a) Theeteet of tempering () Precipitation, relative ne fog conditions o ‘Wind patterns, (8), SEVERE WEAHE (5 5 hy (©) Air quality and odour teyerg (Sound levels and sources op, project devslopment sig tthe proposed ‘These stds are cated out modes satellite data and cine Topography : ttincludes the local ana and formations, goologe | geismic hazards, Water The quality of surface wat tydrological studies, Demographics : ‘This refers to the populatio, ity ive hum MPSS, Seaport! sha Voleanoes), hep of. computer “ories, Wes ‘rand gromdwateralong with “Te proposed developmental activity must have minimal negative impact on te envionment, and deliver positive, ‘environmental and economic citeontes aid thus contribute to healthy and resilient ecological system. ‘All these factors have to-be taken into consideration ‘iting the EIA process fo enable better design of buildings, plan heating and cooling systems, 98 well 4 practicing sustainable tural act 35. Write a short note on decision making in El Answer # Decision making isan important step inthe EIA process, to decide whether to apptove the projector not, under the given set of conditions ‘The competent authorities take decisions whether to approve ot reject a project. They comprise ministries of the cenital government, local self-government bodies in whose territory the project is proposed, traditional decision making bodies, councils, private sector organization (trade assotiation, chambers of commerce and iedustries); and non government ‘organization Environmental considerations have now become an important part of industries everyday reality. The top f distribution, cha population numbers, population characovatnn en Ssexmtio, age stuctieeateataigeee ot servioes (Such as demand for social services, heh | beds, school places, housing es), eet ‘matagement of various industrial organizations should take a ‘proactive role in environmental decision making and implement them, thus contributing to the environmental performance and produijivity ofthe industries. 5, Land Use ‘Whatare the steps invalved ip the ElAclearance This includes the purpose for which process? ‘Sep-20, (R18), Q2(a) = wi ‘the land is ramely agricultural activities, industri aetvitce of ‘ ge ORY mining ies, regional planning for future use, zoning Write an account on the procedure for | environmental clearance (EC) to developmental 6 Soil Conditions project: a Type/classification of soil, properties of soil, soil Model Papers, 3(0) mapping. ‘The Environmental Clearance (EC) to developmental 4, Mineral Resources/Activities projects is mandatory in various parts of the world. The EC has ‘The'inineral resources available at the proposed project | been made compulsory by the EIA notification issued under development site, Examples: Uranium, coal, other | Environment Protection Act, 1986. minerals, oil and gas etc. of Environmental Clearance 4. Ecological studies involving data on type and dominant ‘The main objective of environmental clearance (EC) isto species of flora, fauna, avifauna, aquatic biota, reptiles, | analyze the impact of the proposed project on the environment ‘amphibians, endangered species, threatened species, | and living things, ‘and put forth efforts to decrease the same to man introduced species, timber value densities and | the maximum extent possible. distribution of species, habitat, migratory species and | Steps Involved in Obtaining an EC species of commercial importance, Tiie different steps involved in obtaining an EC to a ‘The other additional factors affecting EIA evaluation | developmental project includes: : ‘nd analysis are: @ Screening @ Population density . ‘This step involves the identification of thé location of (0) Extent ofthe developmental acvity: the proposed developmental project as applied by the (© Relocation/displacement of inhabitants of the area. eee f ii) Scoping @ i q {9 Resource availabil Tn this step, the éntrepéeneur assesses ifthe site is listed (© Environmental resilience wt: under the environmental clearance according to the (9. Sustainability of the environment Government of India notification. If so, then an ELA is (8) Absorptive capacity of the environment. conducted either directly or through’a consultint. (5 SESPECTROM ALLIN-ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS. ‘ Answer ¢ & scanned with OKEN Scanner) o) wi oi (viii @ OE ____— Daseline Data Coleetion ‘A pascline data refers tothe collection of information and lata beforea project begins. is actually the description oF the proposed project. It should include the project Purpose, technical aspects such as engineering and design with proper visuals such as maps, figures, tables and graphs to communicate the technical information. Impact Prediction I contains the likelihood of the occurrence of impact at ‘arious stages of the project development. The potential environmental impacts, during the construction and Gheration of the project, can be broadly eategorized into the following types: (0) Primary Impact Such as release of air pollutants, release of heat, ‘changes in the ambient noise levels (b) Secondary Impact Such as changes in the air quality, impact on isibilty, deposition of particulates on water and land, climate change. (© Tertiary Impact Such as impact on human health, impact on aesthetics, agricultural productivity, flora and fauna, economic output and socio-cultural environment, ; Assessment of alternatives, delineation of miti ‘measures and environmental impact statements, Public Hearing It is a mandatory step for obtaining environmental clearance for the proposed project. The pul hearing committee come face-to-face with the project entreprencuis and express their concems about the impact of the proposed project. ‘The public hearing committee comprises-of the District Collector as the chairperson, officials from the district development body, State Pollution Control Board, Department of Environment and Forest, Taluka aid Gram Panchayat representative, and senior citizens of the district. Environment Management Plan ‘The Environment Management Plan explains the several mitigation and monitoring measures that need specific action to be carried out by the proponent during the project construction and operation. Decision-making This step involves the discussion between the project Proponent and the impact assessment authority. The environmental clearance is granted through a number of steps including EIA evaluation and the EMP. ‘Monitoring the Clearance Conditions: ‘Once the proposed project obtains environmental clearance, the Impact Assessment Agency (IAA) prepares suggestions for the implementation of the project based on the evaluation of the project, The IAA is tion ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ay © © @ © oO @ (hy @ responsible for monitoring the environmental conditions during the implementation dnd operation of the project. ‘Answer! { JNTU-HYDE ment 6 assess the component, ssment (EIA), Answer t aut aie on ple of EIA? ‘038. What is the princl peo IAs bronco, “The main principle 1. Basie Principles 2 “The ba Purposive BIA should have the action. Operating Principles vineiples of EIA are, wurpose and need for the props, Focused a BIA should have focus on environmental issues PEA emt ned serous atleton Adaptive silty of assessment to vary EIA shouldhave the adapiability of iseues (such as socio-economic, biophysical, et) Participative EIA study shoul involve men, women and chien participate in environment related activities ‘Transparent ‘The assessment process should be clear and transpare: easily comprehensible and allow for greater clarifiata Rigorous Arigorous approach to EIA is essential Practicality ‘The assessment process should identify the’ problet ficed by inhabitants around the developmental proje ‘and the best technologies to be practiced, keeping mind the environinental concerns, Credible ; ‘The assessment process should be characterized tfansparency, accountability and collaboration wil Stakeholders, , Efficient The assessment. process should help to prevent harmful environmental impacts ‘owing to the pro activity, 4 ‘ WARNING: XeoxPotcoyng oft ots CRIMINAL ac: Aryon fund pity UAB a face LEGAL mie & scanned with OKEN ScannerTie oPeTatiNg. Principiey st “a ro enable quick decision: to all development activi vito cafeots on the environment > ‘fo enable each on, @cqvitonment ro Proces 4 4 S should he aking ) Ua ite oF sus To promote eco-icndly ty — roprovide forthe involveme pe emento 5 what are the limitations of engjree assessment? power For answer refer Unita, Q3, ‘nologies, Se P20, (RAG), A114) [4 GOVERNMENT OF IND / OF ENVIRONMENT BIA MINISTRY NOTIFICATION (2000) FOREST pio. Write in brief on the a wie raft EIA Notification ower t ‘Modal Ps ‘The Ministry of Environment, F¢ lode! Papers, @3(b) Jo8F and CC) has published a Sa agian Climate Change \eksnent (ELA) 2020 on March 12%, 2020, wih thm to suvethe existing EIA Notification, 20s a Beeson) Act, 1986. » ler the Environment be ‘The main proposals of the 2020 ELA draft are as mentioned seseel inotice period for public hearings from 30 days to Many projects have been exempted from public serutiny. The projects belonging to catégory A and BI require sndetoiy Environmental Clearance (EC). “The eategory A projects are scrutinized by the central seacies whereas the category BI projects are ‘evaluated by the ate agencies. “However, the projects belonging o category B donotneed savstory Environmental Clearance (EC)- “The exempted projects include the following: Offshore and onshore cl, gas and shale exploration Hydroelectric projects upto 25MW Inigation projects between 2,000 and 10,000 hectares of, ‘command area. P Small and medium cement plants. ‘Aeids other than phosphoric oF ammeni2 and sulphuric ik thet MSMES in dye and dye Jntermediates, bulk drugs, 57" sd rubbers, medium-sized paint wuts: idening All inland waterway proiee® AME EDO in defined atvivrays between 254082 1 ugh fret parameters. These include roads: and dredging of major vers spectrom ALL-IN-ONE ‘Aerial rapeways in ecologically sensitive areas area development I-up area upto 1,50,000 sq.m. 10, Projects having implication for ‘national defence and ‘secunity” orhaving ‘strategic consideration’ wll be decided bythe stl goverment, nd are exempt from public hearing. U1. “Linear projects like pipelines aie highways in border areas, “falling within 100 kilometers aerial distance from the Line of Actual Canirol" are exempt from public hearing. 12, Post-clearance compliance involves adherence to rules aid down in the EIA report, to prevent environmental damage: 13, Submission of compliance reports annually, instead of every six months. 14. “The project compliance report must be prepared by the project proponents only, before its submission to the agencies. 15, Reporting of violations and non-compliance by the public is excluded, 16, ‘The government will take note of reports only from the violator-promoter, government authority, Appraisal ‘Committee or Regulatory Authority. 17. Granting post:facto clearance to those projects that bave been operating without environmental clearance, can be regularized or allowed to apply for clearance. 18, Firms found violating the terms oftheir establishment would 1.5 LIST OF PROJECTS REQUIRING ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE * Q41. Provide a list of project that need EIA study. Answer t “The categories of projects that need an ELA are enlisted below, Mining of minerals (Offshore and onshore oil and gas exploration River valley projects ‘Thermal power plants ‘Nuclear power projects ‘Metallurgical industries ‘Cement plants Petroleum refining industry. 9, Leather/skiwhide processing industry 10, | Pesticides industry 11... Chemical fertilizers 12, Textile plants 13... Paint industry 14,» Paper and puilp manufacturing industry 15, Sugar factory 16. °Aigports © JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS & scanned with OKEN ScannerCE SS OO gsEssmeN 1 rT [JNTU-HYDER Ay : 1 As S ENVIRONMENTAL IMPAC a 4 V7, ioral in smanuficure ing yards ieee comple inthe ma 18. Industral estatespatks/eomplexes/areas 15, tease rials fe te mi 19. Export processing zones and pase i 20, Biotechnology parks is esi ane ferent HT 21. Special economic zones 1, Visco eed wth marci of, Ports ‘ ‘and lead antimno# vm ~ 500 fn Harours em i rl 1, All tourism prc th an elevation OF my State highways and national highways + ater Fine ae 2 J0eAUTE T more than RE. 5 ey EMventwetnen plans wat ie whist m4 ‘Municipal solid waste management facility ermal power plans Building and construct 19, Ther ss vj mies) ASS Mare Mining proieet ‘ ; 42. Provide @ list of projects that need clearance | 7 Nous , from the central government. ects except rojo lating 1 mre, Rees 21, Highway ing widening and SEMEINENINE Of oad recon Pees that ned environment cranes fom rg! land acquisition ee ee aogily = the contral government are broadly categorized into the follow ied it does not Pa i ne rie oie | cl a FE ae @ Industries reserve forest. Gi) Mining projects 12. Tae oads inthe Himalayas and or fret ares, i) . Thermal power plants M Gv) River valley projects Be, Dele (8) Infrastructure and Coastal Regulation Zorie 24, Rav skins and hides: (ci) Nuclear Power Projets. 25,.. Pup, paper and newsprint : The list of jrojects that need clearance from the central sg “ ‘goverment include the following, ae Nuclear Power and related projects such as heavy water | 27. Cement. plants, nuclear fue eompex apd rare carts. 78.” Found (dividual. 2. __ Rivervalley projects includes hydel power, major irrigation z m i and their combination including flood control. 29, "Electroplating, 3. Ports, harbours airports (except minor ports and harbours) | 39, Meta amino phe. 4. Petroleum refineries inludingerude and product pipelines. | ~~ 1 onment impact Assessment Notation (i 5. Chemical fertilizers (nitrogenous and phosphatic otherthan | ion 9 states that: . r single superphosphate). i. Pesticides (technical). At ei ie mde my Hoh = Petrochemical complexes (both olefinic and aromatic) and | Pato! India or modemization of any existing industry or pot ieee pens eso lie! in the ove ins ub an application he see, Taped Ra caen eas Grinen, ny of Envonnentand Fores New Deh nthe ae ee plastics proforma with sufficient and adequate data’ | ‘Bulk drugs and pharmaceuticals. * Re { Exploration for oil and gas and their produciion, | 1+6 APPLICATION FORM ! ae fe storage. | Q43. Provide a sample application form to be filled ‘Synthetic al for EIA stuidy ofa developmental project. Asbestos and asbestos products. = role ” Hydrocyanie acid and its derivatives, Hi Anewer te i ~ (a) Primary metallurgical industries (such as production Given below isthe application form to be filled for EA of iron and steel, aluminium, copper, zinc, lead and be! ‘ofa development project as issued by the Government of ferro alloys). India, Pai ()~ Basic Information." fe (b) _ Electric are furnaces (mini steel plants). /ARNING: Xerox/Photocopying ofthis bookis.@ CRIMINAL‘act Anyone found guilty is LIABLE to face LEGAL proceedings. & scanned with OKEN Scanner19 Name of the Project, z tem Details S.No. in the Scheany, olls are of wells to be drilled Very 18m MARE to be handled/eomimand area/lease area/ numb mand area/lease areal number 1-7 | New/Expansion?eg Existing temizat Existing Capacity/Arey Y tion ete Tehsil District State lL nest railway stati nee {orang With distace ta wn, City, District Headquarters along ii ‘along with distance in kms addresses with te lephone nos.to bi 40 be given) 72. | Village Pane hayats, Zila Parishad, Municipal Corporation, Local be ration, Loval Body (complete postal Name of the applicant Ta._| Registered Address : 75._| Adress for correspondence: Name Designation (Ower/Partner/CEO) ‘Address Pin code E-mail Telephone No. Fax No. 76. | Details of alternative sites examined, if any. Location of these sites should be showin on a toposhest Villoge-Distrct-State 1 . 2 3. T7.__| interlinked Projects 78. | Whether separate application of interlinked projects has been ‘subimitted? 19,__] If Yes, date of submission ice under? if yes, deta ils of the same 20-._[IfNo, reason ZI, | Whether the! proposal involves approvall cléaran and their status to be given. (@) The Forest (Conservation Ach 1980? (6) The Wildlife Protection) A, 1972? jer Policy rele vanUrelating to the site? (0) The CRZ. Notification 1991? “Whether there is any Government Ord Forest i Whether there is any lit jon pending 98: project is proposed 10 be: ‘set up? (a) Name of the Court (b) Case Ne Heo ordersiirestions © ——anim ALLANO! the Court iFany we JOURNAL FOR ENGINE! land involved (hectares) atthe Project ander land and its refevance withthe proms jn which the” yosed project. 1 RING STUDENTS & scanned with OKEN Scannerp) Activity “ wh Constructo ing actions: t sc PeFation or decommissioning of the Project involvins : locality (topography f (with approx; a raphy, land use, changes in water bodies tc). taile ther xing LT ital the pareve cae YesiNo | quam with 8 A’ — -HYDi ENT (JNTU- ERA, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPAC’ sin tease prysical change, . Psi) ree of information day) S-No.'|Information/ Cheekiist confirmation Ti (with respect ocala se pa f 1.2 { Clearance of existing land, vegetation nd buldings? 13_[Creation of new land uses? 1.4 | Pre-consrution investignions ag. bors Howes folk oaina? 1.5 [Construction works? 1.6 [Demolition works? 17 Temporaty sites used fer consincion works ov Posing of 0T™ struction workers? 18 | Above ground buildings structures or earhwvoria lading Tear : structures, cut and fll or excavati 18 [ Underground works intuding mining or umneing? 1.10 [Reclamation works? 1.11 [Dredging? 112 | OffShore structures? iS : 1.13 | Production and manufacturing processes? 1.14 | Fecilities for storage of goods or materials? ~ 115. Facilities for treatment or disposal of solid waste or quid effluents? 1.16 _| Facilities for long term housing of operational workers? 4.17 _| New road, rail oF sea traffic during construction or operation? 118 | New road, rail, ar, waterborne or other transport infrastructure including new or altered routes and stations, ports, airports etc? e 1.19 | Closure or diversion of existing transport routes or abe infrastructure leading to changes in traffic movements? 1.20 | New or diverted transmission lines or pipelines? 1.21 [Impoundment, damming, culverting, realignment or olher an changes to the hydrology of wetercourses or aquifers? 1.22 [Stream crossings? si 1.23 | Abstraction or transfers of water form ground or surface waters? 1.24 | Changes in water bodies or the land surface affecting drainage or [xun-off? lea el 1.25. | Transpor of personnel or materials for construction, operation or a decommissioning? 1.26 | Long-term dismaniling or decommissioning or restoration works? ay 1.27 | Ongoing activity during decommissioning which could have an [ere impact on the environment? 1.28 | Influx of people to an area in either temporarily or : ‘permanently? Introduction of alien species? Loss of native species or genetic diversity?. 31_| Any other actions? WARNING: Xerox/Photocopying of this book is a CRIMINAL-act; Anyone fo 9. diy ABLE to face LEGAL proceeigs. & scanned with OKEN Scanners 21 stra tio es rene 0 OF operatio rina fh rch alan wr mato eh spesaly Inform, MMON/ Checktigt me St confirmation Details thereof (with approximate ly undevel Yes!No | quantievrates, wherever posible) Water (expect ed Pected sours TT ‘with source of information data ‘Minerals (M" 2 and competi conn StaPetng user) uns KLD somes Bon ap Forests and tniber ‘Bates, and / soil (excepted nergy inchuding lege users) Unit: fuel (Mr ene y (MW) cures (Use appropriate standard waits) Use, storage, transpo potest Goure, competing dling or Production meerns, of substances or materials, which could be harmful to hum: about actual or pereaned tsa oman beste ep S.No. | Information/ Checklist confi Details thereof (with 'mation ‘Yes/No | #pproximate quantities/rates, eT wherever possible) with : ‘substances or maledals Wa sourees of information data MSIHC rules) fo homes en, hic rears (Fr K+ a and water supplies) © environinent (flora, < Changes in occurrence of di . me eel eaeran on ‘or affect disease vectors (6.8, 33. fect the welfare See a Prone alo chanaing vite 34 | Vulnerable groups of people who could be affected by the : project e.g. hospital patients, children, the elderly ete. [BS TAny other causes z =e Production of solid wastes during construction or operation or, ‘decommissioning (MT/months). Details thereot (vith Information/ Checklist confirmation YesNo|| proximate quantitiesrstes, ‘wherever possible) with ts sourees of information data Spoil, ‘overburden or mine wastes by “Municipal waste (domestic and or ‘commercial wastes). 7 TTavardous wastes (as per Hazardous Waste Managemeat mt ange ry Rules) : ba fee ‘Other industrial process. wastes__ om —|— : = = ‘Surplus product _« — Sewage sludge or other sludge from iiluent-treatment-- ~— =r onstruction or demolition Wastes pai sue pat] | Redundant machinery OF equipment - Contaminated soils or other materials 10 | Agricultural wastes — : — 7 - y GAL [Other solid wastes ~~ = 5 ia - cron spEcTRGM ALLAH-ONE youRtial FOR ENGINEERING STADENTS & scanned with OKEN ScannerENVIRONMENTAL IMPA No, Information’ Checklist confirmation Sil fucks fom stationary’ oF mobile sous sions fom combustion of ions from production processes Emissions from including storage or transport Emissions from construction activities inclnng plant and equipment including Dust or odours from handling of mate ct ASSE! hazardous, toxic and noxious substances 104 iy [JNTU-HYD} sgsMEN ERA, ") air (KEN is thereof (ny spximate quantity, Dryer possible) with gS, ‘of information daty onstruction materials, sewage and waste 3.6 | Emissions from incineration of waste 37 | Emission: 5 7 | Emissions from burning of waste in open alr (ee. slash materials construction debris) Emissions trom any other sourecs 6. Generation of Nois wratic Sof Lig beet Noise and Vibration and Emissions of Light and Heat: Details thereof (with > Approximate quantities S.No. Information/ Checklist confirmation eae | cwnerever peer’? caer of information data 6.1 _[ From operation of equipment eg. eigines, ventilation plant crushers 6.2 _[ From industrial or similar processes 6.3 [ From construction or demolition 6.4 [From blasting or piling 6.5 _| From construction or operational traffic 6.6 | From lighting or cooling systems 6.7_[ From any other souraes Risks of contamination of land or water from releases of pollutants into the ground or into sewers, surface wate t groundwater, coastal waters or the sea: Details thereof (with : . approximate quantited S.No. Information/ Checklist confirmation YesINo | rates, wherever possible) wi sources of information dat ‘From handling, storage; use or spillage of hazardous materials mode and place of discharge) From discharge or-sewage or other effluents to water or the land (expected By deposition of pollutants emitted to air into he land or into water 73 74_| From any other sources 78 Ts there a risk of long term build up of pollutants in the environment from these sources? 8 Risk of accidents during construction or operation of the Project, which could affect human health or the environmes : Details thereof (with S.No. Information/ Checklist confirmation YesNo | proximate quantities/rates, Wherever possible) with sources of information data 3.1 _| From explosions, spillage, fires ete from storage, handling, use or production of hazardous substances $2__| From any other causes al | “ould the project be affected by natural disasters causing environmental | i a ag (ez. foods, earthquakes, landslides, cloudburst etc)? J WARNING: XeroxPhotocopyingo this bok s CRIMINAL ac. Anyone found quit is LABLE to face LEGAL proceedings & scanned with OKEN Scanner