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 www.neerajbooks.com

( Solved )

Time: 3 hours ] [Maximum Marks: 100

Note: Question no. 1 is compulsory. Attempt any three questions from the remaining four questions.

Q. 1. (a) Show that:

1 c a
2 = c –a b–c
1 a a 1 b c
2
1 b b = (c – a) (b – c) [b + c – c – a]
= (b – a) (c – a ) (c – b)
1 c c2 = (c – a) (b – c) (b – a).

Neeraj
(b) Using determinants, find the area of the
triangle whose vertices are (1, 2), (– 2, 3) and (– 3,
1 a a2
– 4).
1 b b2 Sol. Using determinants, given vertices are
Sol.
1 c c2 (1, 2) ( – 2, 3) and ( – 3, – 4) . We have the determinant
of order 3.

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R1 R1– R3
1 2 1
0 c – a c2 – a2 1 –2 3 1
1 b b2  =
= 2 –3 –4 1

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1 c c2
Applying (R2 – R1) and (R3 – R1)
Taking (c – a) common from R1 then.
1 2 1
0 1 c a 1 –3 1 0
=
= c–a 1 b b2 2 –4 –6 0
1 c c2
Now expanding along c3, we have
R3 R3– R2
1
 = 18 4
0 1 c a 2
= c–a 1 b b2 22
 = = 11 sq. units.
1 b – c b2 – c 2 2
(c) Use the principle of mathematical
Taking (b – c) common R3 then.
induction to prove that :
0 1 c a 1 1 1 n
= c – a b – c 1 b b2 + + ... + =
1 2 2 3 n n +1 n+1
0 1 b c for every natural number n.
Expanding along R2 then Sol. We have to prove:

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1 1 1 Sol. In order for a function f (x) to be continuous

.... n
= at a given x value a.
1.2 2.3 n n 1 n 1 Let x = 3.
For n = k + 1 Lim
x a f ( x) = f (a)
1 1 1 Lim
.... k 2 if x 3 f (3) = x2 = 9, which is true 9 > 0.
1.2 2.3 k 1
Lim
if f (3) = x + 3 = 3 + 3 = 6 which in
On solving we get x 3

false 6 0 .
k 1 k 2 k 1
2 = Thus, f (x) = x + 3 is not continuous at
k 2 k 2 x = 3.
Where n = k + 1, then b
(f) If y = ax + , show that:
n x
=
k 1 1
d2 y dy
x2
+x – y=0
n dx 2 dx
= .
n 1 Ans. Ref.: See Chapter-9, Page No. 105,

Neeraj
(d) If the first term of an A.P. is 22, the common Q. No. 15.
difference is – 4, and the sum to n terms is 64, find (g) Prove that the three medians of a triangle
n. meet at a point called centroid of the triangle which
Sol. Given a = 22 divides each of the medians in the ratio 2 : 1.
d = –4 Sol. The centroid divides each median in the ratio
Sn = 64 2 : 1.

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n AG = GD = BG : GE = CG : GF = 2 : 1
Sn = [2a + (n – 1)d ]
2 Let us connect the two mid-points E and F.
n Then the triangle AEF and ACB are:
64 = [2 × 22 + (n – 1) (– 4)] similar because.
2

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n AC = 2AE
64 = [44 – 4n + 4] AB = 2AF
2
128 = 44n – 4n2 + 4n LA is common for both AEF and ACB .
n2 – 12n + 32 = 0
n (n – 8) – 4 (n – 8) = 0 A
(n – 8) (n – 4) = 0
n = 4, 8.
So n 4 , n = 8 then
n
Put in Sn = [ 2a + (n – 1) d ]
2 F
E
n
Sn = [2 × 22 + (8 – 2) (– 4)]
2 G
Sn = 4 [44 – 28]
Sn = 4 × 16
Sn 64
C B
(e) Find the points of discontinuity of the
following function:
It follow that because triangles AEF and ACB
x 2 , if x 0 are similar the lines EF and CB are parallel and CB =
f(x) =
x 13, if x 0 2 * EF

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Lines EF and CB are parallel.

0 1 0
GEF = GBC and
1 1 1
EFG = GCB. x =
3 0 1
GAE equal angle GBC because they are
opposite to another. = 0 (1–0) –1 (1–3) + 0 (0–3) = 2
BG : BE = CG : GF = 2 : 1
1 0 0
AG : GD 2 : 1
y = 0 1 1
   
(h) Show that a b + b a is perpendicular to 1 3 1
   
a b – b a , for any two non-zero vectors a and
= 1 (1–3) –0 + 0
= –2

b. 1 1 0
   0 1 1
Sol. a b = c z =
    1 0 3
(a b ) a and b
    = 1 (3–0) –1 (0–1) + 0

Neeraj
c a and c b ...(1) = 3+1
   = 4
b×c = a
   
a b and a c ...(2) 1 1 0
From (i) & (ii)  = 0 1 1
  

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a b c 1 0 1

So a , b c are mutually at right angles = 1 (1–0) –1 (0–1) + 0
   = 1+1=2
a× b = c
  |= |  | x 2

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| a× b c Now x = = =1
 2
| a | | b | sin 90 = | c |
 o

 y –2
| a | | b | = | c | ....(3) y = =
2
= –1
  
b × c = a z 4
 z = = = 2.
| b × c | = | a | 2

| b | | c | sin 90o = | a | 1 –2 a 1
 (b) If A = –1 , B = and (A +
| b | | c | = | a | ....(4) 2 b –1
From (3) & (4) we get B)2 = A2 + B2 find a and b.

| b | = 1 and | c | = | a |. Ans. Ref.: See Chapter-2, Page No. 18,
Q. No. 6.
Q. 2. (a) Solve the following system of linear
(c) Reduce the matrix
equations using Cramer’s rule:
x + y = 0, y + z = 1, z + x = 3 5 3 8
Sol. Equations are: 0 1 1
x+y= 0 A=
x+z= 1 1 –1 0
z+x= 3 to normal form and hence find its rank.

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Now
5 3 8
4 1 1
0 1 1 r3 =  = 3
Sol. A = 49 28 7
1 –1 0
1
r
C1 C2 – C1 7
a 28 98
–2 3 8 Now S= = = .
1 r 1 1 3
1 1 1
7
0 –1 0 3
(b) Use De Moivre’s theorem to find 3+i .
C2 C3 – C2
3 3
–2 5 8 Sol. 3 i = 3 – i 3 – 3 3i 9i 2
1 0 1 = 3 3i – i – 3 3i 9
0 1 0 = 9 3 3 – 4 3i .
C1 C3 – C1 (c) If 1, , 2 are cube roots of unity, show
that

Neeraj
10 5 8
(2 – ) (2 – 2) (2 – 10) (2 – 11) = 49.
0 0 1
A = Sol. (2 – ) (2 – 2
) (2 – 10
) (2 – 11
) = 49.
0 1 0
Expanding along C1 then
10 =( 3 3 ). =
2 2
0 1 11 =( 3 3 ) =

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A = 1 0 2
(2 – ) (2 – ) (2 – 10 ) (2 – 11 )
So rank of matrix is 2. 2 2
(2 – ) (2 – ) (2 – ) (2 – )
(d) Show that n (n + 1) (2n + 1) is a multiple 2
of 6 for every natural number n. [4 – 2 – 2 + 3 ]2

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Sol. The Induction Hypothesis = [4 – 2 (– 1) + 1) 2

P(k) : k (k + 1) (2k + 1) is multiple of 6. = [T]2

i.e. k (k + 1) (2k + 1) = 6m for some m. = 49.
(k + 1) {(k + 1) + 1} {2 (k + 1) + 1} (d) Solve the equation
= (k + 1) (k + 2) (2k + 3) 2x3 –15x2 + 37x – 30 = 0,
given that the roots of the equation are in A.P.
= k (k + 1) (2k + 3) + 2 (k + 1) (2k + 3)
Sol. Given that
= 6m + (k + 1) (2k + 4k + 6)
2x2 – 15x2 + 37x – 30 = 0
= 6m + 6 (k + 1)2
Let the roots be – , , then
So, (k + 1) {(k + 1) + 1} {2 (k + 1) + 1} is mul-
tiple of 6. 15
Sum of roots ( ) =
i.e. p (k + 1) is true. 2
Q. 3. (a) Find the sum of an infinite G.P. whose 15
3 =
4 2
first term is 28 and fourth term is . 15
49 =
2
Sol. Given that:
4 Product of roots
a = 28 and ar3 =
49 ( )( ) ( ) ( )( )

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37 dl dh
= 2l = 2h
2 dt dt

2 2
37 dl dh
3 – = l = h
2 dt dt
25 37
3 – 2
= dh
4 2 = 6.5 m/s
dt
75 37 When l = 130
2
= –
4 2 h2 = l2 – 502
75 – 74 h2 = (130).2 – 502
2
= h2 = 14400
4
h = 120
1 dl 120
2 Thus = × 6.5 = 5m/s.
dt 130
Thus required roots are: This shows that the string should be let out at a

Neeraj
5 1 5 5 1 rate of 6 m/s.
– , ,
2 2 2 2 2 (b) Using first derivative test, find the local
maxima and minima of the function.
4 5 6 f(x) = x3 – 12x.
= , , .
2 2 2 Ans. Ref.: See Chapter-10, Page No. 114,

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Q. 4. (a) A young child is flying a kite which Q. No. 11(i).
is at a height of 50 m. The wind is carrying the (c) Evaluate the integral
kite horizontally away from the child hat a speed
of 6.5 m/s. How fast must the kite string be let out x2
I= 3
dx
when the string is 130 m? x +1

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Sol. Let h be the horizontal distance of the kite
from the point directly over the child’s head 5. Let C
be the length of kite string from the child to the kite Sol. Given integral
x2
3
dx
x +1
at time t1 then
l2 = h2 + 502 Use x + 1 = t
Now we have
h Kite
x2 (t –1)2
dx = dt
x +1
3
t3

1 1 1
50 = dt
t3
2
L t t

1 z
= log |t| + +C
t t2
Child
Therefore,
Differentiating both the sides with respect to t, 1 1
I =log |x + 1 | + c
we get: x 1 x 1

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(d) Find the length of the curve [(a + b) (b + c) × (c + a)]

1 = [a. (b + c) × (c + a)] + [b. (b + c) × (c + a)]
y=3+ x from (0, 3) to (2, 4). = [a. ((b + c) × c)] + 0 + 0 + [b. (b × (c + a))
2
+ c × (c + a)]
1 = [a. (b × c + c × c)] + [b. (c × c + c × a)]
Sol. Given that y = 3 + x = [a. (b × c)] + 0 + 0 + [b. (c × a)]
2
= [a (b × c)] + [a. (b × c)]
dy 1 = 0*0
=
dx 2 Thus, the given vectors are coplanar.
(b) Find the Vector and Cartesian equations
of the line passing through the points ( – 2, 0, 3)
B (2, 4) and (3, 5, – 2).
Sol. Given that the line through the points (– 2,
0, 3) and (3, 5, – 2).
Let A and B be the given points respectively.
A
(0,3) So that the direction ratios of AB are (3+2)
(5–0) and (– 2, – 3) or (5, 5, – 5)

Now b = 5 î + 5 ˆj – 5 k̂

Neeraj
Thus, the vector equation is:
  
r = a + tb
= (– 2 î + 3 k̂ ) + t (5 î + 5 ˆj – 5 k̂ )
Now Carterian equation of a line passing through

Publications
Now, required length the points
2
(x1 y1 z1) (x2 y2 z2) is
2 dy
1 dx. x – x1 y – y1 z – z1
dx
x2 – x1 = y2 – y2 =
0

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z2 – z1
2 1 Therefore, Carterian equation is:
= 1 dx.
0 2
x+2 y–0 z–3
= = .
5 2 .5 5 .– 5
= dx
2 0 (c) Best Gift Packs company manufactures
two types of gift packs, type A and type B. Type A
5 2
= x0 . requires 5 minutes each for cutting and 10 minutes
2 each for assembling it. Type B requires 8 minutes
Therefore, 5 units. each for cutting and 8 minutes each for
   assembling. There are at most 200 minutes
Q. 5. (a) If a, b, c are coplanar, then prove available for cutting and at most 4 hours available
   
that a + b, b + c and c + a are also coplanar.. for assembling. The profit is ` 50 each for type A
Sol. If a, b, and c coplanar vectors. and ` 25 each for type B. How many gift packs of
Their scalar triple products will be zero. each type should the company manufacture in
i.e. [a. [b × c] ] = 0 order to maximise the profit?
Now Ans. Ref.: See Chapter-16, Page No. 163,
Scalar triple product of given vectors. Q. No. 1.

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( Solved )

Time: 3 hours ] [Maximum Marks: 100

Note: Question no. 1 is compulsory. Attempt any three questions from the remaining four questions.

Q. 1. Attempt all parts: A2 + B2 + 2 AB = A2 + B2

(a) Show that 2 AB = 0
AB + BA = 0
1 a a2 We have to find the value of a and b such that
1 b b 2 = (a – b) (b – c ) (c – a). AB + BA = 0

Neeraj
1 c c2 Now putting the value of A & B we have
a 1 1 –1
BA =
1 a a2 b –1 2 –1
2
Sol. 1 b b
a 2 –a 1
1 c c2

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=
b–2 –b 1
Applying R2  R1 – R2, R3  R3 – R1
a b 2
1 a a2 =
2a – b 3
= 0 a b a2 b2

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0 c a c2 a2
Now taking (a – b) common from R2 and (C– a)
Now AB + BA =
2a b 2
2a – 2
a 1
b 4
But AB + BA = 0
1 a a2 So 2a–b+2 = 0
from R3 = (a – b ) (c – a) 0 1 a b –a+1 = 0
0 1 c a 2a – 2 = 0
–b+4 = 0
Expanding along R1, we get
Therefore a 1, b 4
1 a b
= (a – b ) (c – a) (c) Use the principle of mathematical
1 c a induction to show that 2 + 22 + ... + 2n = 2n +1 – 2 for
= (a – b) (c – a) [c – a + a – b] each natural number n.
= (a – b) (b – c) (c – a) Sol. 2 + 22 + ... + 2n = 2n +1 – 2
Inductive Base:
1 –2 a 1 Substituting n = 1. We obtain
(b) If A = ,B= and
2 –1 b –1 P (1) : S1 = 22 – 2 = 2
( A + B) = A2 + B2, find a and b. The first term in the sum 2 + 22 + ....... + 2n.
Sol. given that and hence S1 is 2. Therefore P (1) is true.
( A + B) 2 = A2 + B2 Inductive Step.

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Prove that if Sn = 2 n + 1 – 2 then (f) Find the quadratic equation whose roots
Sn+1 = 2n+2 – 2
are 2 – 3 , 2 + 3 .
Assume that P (n) : Sn = 2n + 1 – 2 is true
Sol. Given Pair of roots
We will show that under this assumption
P (n + 1) : Sn +1 = 2n + 2 – 2 is also true. 2 3, 2 3
Sn + 1 = 2 n . 2 2 – 2 Sum of given roots = 4
= 2n + 1 . 2 – 2 Product of roots = 1
= 2 (2n + 1 – 2) + 2 Now the quadratic equation is
= 2 Sn + 2 x2 – 4x + 1 = 0
Now Substituting Sn we obtain
3/4
Sn + 1 = 2 (2n + 1 – 2) + 2 x–2 dy
(g) If y = ln e x , find .
= 2 n+2 – 2 x+2 dx
By the Principle of mathematical Induction it
Sol. Given
follows that for all integer n, Sn = 2 n +1 – 2
(d) Find the 10th term of the harmonic x–2
3/4

y = ln e x
1 1 1 1 x+2
Progression , , , ,
7 15 23 31 Using rule

Neeraj
Sol. Given that H.P. Series ln (ab) = ln a + ln b
1 1 1 1 x–2
3/ 4
, , , , y = ln en + ln
7 15 23 31 x 2
So that in A.P. Series Using rule
7, 15, 23, 31..... ln an = x ln a

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Now
a = 7, d = 8 x–2
y = x ln e3/4 + ln
then x 2
Using Rule
an = a + (n – 1) d

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ln (e) =1 and ln(a/ 6) = ln a – ln b
a10 = 7 + (10 – 1) 8
3
a10 = 7 + 9. 8 y =x + [ ln ( x – 2) – ln (x + 2)]
4
a10 79 Now differentiating
So that 10 term of the harmonic progression is
th dy 3 1 1
=1+
1/79. dx 4 x 2 x 2
(e) If Z is a complex number such that
dy 3   x  2   x  2 
= 1
Z – 2i = Z + 2i , show that Im (Z) = 0.  
Sol. Given that Z – 2i = Z + 2i dx 4   x  2  x  2 
z = x + iy. dy 3
We have = 1
dx x2 4
|x + iy – 2 i | = | x + iy + 2i |
2 dy x2 – 4 3
|x + i (y – 2)|2 = x + i (y + 2) =
dx x2 4
x2 + (y – z) 2 = x2 + (y + 2)2
(y – 2)2 – (y + 2) 2 = 0 dy x2 – 1
–4y = 0 =
dx x2 – 4
y 0

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(h) Evaluate:
9 8 8   4 8 8   5 0 0 
= 8 9 8    8 4 8    0 5 0 
dx
x+x 8 8 9   8 8 4   0 0 5 
Sol. Given Integral
dx  9 8 8  9 8 8 
x+x =  8 9 8   8 9 8 
Use  8 8 9  8 8 9 
x = t.
dx = 2 tdt. = 0
Now, we have
= A2 – 4 A – SI 3  0
dx 2dtt
= Now calculating A3
x+x t t2
9 8 8   1 2 2 
dt
= 2 A . A = 8 9 8   2 1 2 
2
t 1
= 2 In (t + 1) + c 8 8 9   2 2 1 

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= 2 In x 1 c
 41 42 42 
1 2 2 A3 =  42 41 42 
Q. 2. (a) If A = 2 1 2 , show that  42 42 41
2 2 1

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1
A2 – 4A – 5I3 = 0. Hence obtain A–1 and A3. Now Calculating A–1 = adj A
A
1 2 2 |A| = 5
Sol. Given that A = 2 1 2 Now Calculating adj A.

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2 2 1 1 2
A11 =   = 1–4=–3
2 1 
1 2 2 1 2 2
2 2
A.A = 2 1 2 2 1 2 A12 =   = 2–4=–2
2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 

2 1
9 8 8 A13 =   = 4–2=2
2 2
A2 = 8 9 8
8 8 9 2 2
A21 =   = 2– 4 = – 2
2 1 
Now
A2 – 4A – 5 I3 1 2
A 22=   = 1–4=–3
9 8 8 1 2 2 1 0 0 2 1
8 9 8 –4 2 1 2 5 0 1 0 1 2
=
8 8 9 2 2 1 0 0 1 A23=   = 2–4=–2
2 1

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2 2 1
A31=   = 4–2=2 Now C3  C – C, R3  R3 – R2, R1  4R2 – R1
1 2 5 3

1 2  3 4 –1
A32=   = 2–4=–2 1 1 0 
2 2  
 0 0 1 
1 2
A33=   = 1– 4= – 3
2 1  Applying C1 C2 – C1,

1 0 –1
 –3 –2 2  0 1 0 
Matrix of Cofactor =  –2 –3 –2   
 2 –2 –3 0 0 1 
R1  R1 + R3
 –3 2 2 
1 0 0 
Adj A =  –2 –3 2  0 1 0 
 2 2 –3   =I3

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0 0 1 
1 (c) Use Cramer's rule to solve the following
A–1 = AdjA
A system of equations:
x + 2y + 2z = 3
 –3 2 2 3x – 2y + z = 4
1
=  –2 2 

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A–1 –3 x+y+z=2
5 Sol. We have the linear equation
 2 2 –3
x + 2y + 2z = 3
 3 2 2 3x – 2y + z = 4
5 5 5
  x+y+z=2

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2 3 2
A–1 =  So the determinant of order 3.
5 5 5
  1 2 2
2 2 3 
 5 5 5   = 3 –2 1
1 1 1
3 4 – 5
(b) If A = 1 1 0  , show that A is row On applying C3  C3 – C2 and C2  C2– C1

1 1 5  1 1 0
equivalent to I3.  = 3 –5 3
1 0 0
 3 4 – 5
Sol. Given matrix A = 1 1 0  Now expanding along R3  3 – 0 = 3
Have  # 0. so equation has a unique solution
1 1 5 
and Now we have to evalnate  x,  y, & z. We
We have to reduce given matrix Into I3 that is have

1 0 0  3 2 2
0 1 0  x =
  4 –2 1
0 0 1  2 1 1

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Applying R1  R1– 2R3

z 3
z = = =1
1 0 0  3
x = 4 –2 1 Q. 3. (a) Find the sum of an infinite G.P. whose
2 1 1 4
first term is 28 and fourth term is .
Now expanding R1  – 2 – 1 = – 3 49
x = –3 Sol. Given that

1 3 2 4
a = 28 and ar3 =
49
Similarly y = 3 4 1
Now
1 2 1
4 1 1
Appling R3  2 R3 – R2 and C1  C1 + C3 then r3 =  = 3
49 28 7
3 3 2
1
y = 4 4 1 r
7
0 0 1

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Now expanding R3 then a 28 98
Now S= = =
1 r 1 1 3
3 3
y = 7
4 4
(b) If x = a + b, y = a   b2, z = a2 + b
y = 0 (where  is a cube root of unity and   1), Show

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that xyz = a3 + b3.
1 2 3
Sol. Given that
Similarly z = 3 – 2 4 x = a+b
1 1 2 y = a + b2
z = a2 + b

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Applying C2  C2 – C1 and C3  C3 + 2C1 start with L.H.S.
we get xyz = (a + b) (a + b2 ) (a2 + b)
1 1 1 = (a + b) [a33 + b2 3 + ab (2 + 4)]
= (a + b) (a2 + b2 – ab)
z = 3 –5 –2
= a3 + b3
1 0 0
xyz  a 3  b3
Now expanding R3 then
(c) If the roots of x – bx2 + cx + d = 0 are in
1 1 A.P., show that
z =
–5 –2 2b3 – 9abc + 27a2 d = 0.
z = – 2 + 5 Sol. Let the zeros of f (x) be (p – r), P and (P +r)
z = 3  factors of f (x) will be [x – (p – r)], (x – P) and
Now applying crame's Rule [x – (P + r) ]
 f(x) = [x – (p – r) (x – P) [x – (P + r)]
 x 3  ax3+ bx2 + cx + d = (x – p) [x – (p – r)]
X = = =–1
 3 [x – (p + r)]
= (x – P ) (x2 – x (P – r) – x (P – r) + (P – r)
y
y = =0 (P + r)]
 = (x – P) [x2 – 2Px + (P2 – r2)]

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= x3 – 2 px2 + (P2 – r2) x – px2 + 2 p 2 15

x – p (p2 – r2) = x (1– x)
2
= x3 –3px2 + (3p2 – r2) x – p (p2 – r2)
Equating the coefficients of like power, we get Since x > 0 for x > 0 we get
a = 1, b = – 3p f (x) > 0 if 0 < x < 1
c = 3p2 – r2 And f (x) < 0 if x >1
d = – p (p2 – r2) Hence f (x) > 0 if 0 < x < 1
Sub stituting these voles in LHS, We get and f (x) < 0 if x > 1
2b3 – 9abc + 27 a2d Therefore f (x) increases for 0 < x < 1 and f (x)
= 2 ( – 3 p)3 – 9 (1) (– 3P) (3p2 – r2) + 27 (1)2 decreases for x >1
(– p [p2 – r2]) (b) Find the points of local extrema of
= 54p3 + 27 p (3p2 – r2) + 27 (– p3 + pr2)
= 54 p3 + 81 p3 – 27pr2 – 27p3 + 27pr2 3 4 45
f(x) = x – 8x3 + x2 + + 2015.
= 81p3 – 81p3 – 27 pr2 + 27 pr2 4 2
= 0 = RHS. Sol. Given function
5 3 4 45 2
(d) Solve the inequality <7 f(x) = x  8 x3  x  2015
| x –3| 4 2

Neeraj
f"(x) = 3x3 – 24x2 + 45
5 f"(x) = 9x2 – 48 x + 45
Sol. Given inequality <7
| x –3| f(x) = 3x2 – 16 x + 15
or 5 < 7 | x – 3 | , x  3 f(x) = 6x – 16 = 0
Implies.
5 6x = 16
 | x – 3| > , x  3

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7 x = 16/6 = 8/3
x = 8/3 is the only critical value, + + is the x –
5 5 coordinate of the turing point.
 x–3<– or x – 3 , x  3
7 7 (c) Evaluate:
So that

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x2
16 26   x + 2 3
dx
x< or x > ,x 3
7 7
Therefore the solution set is x2
Sol. Given integral  dx
 x + 2 3
 16   26 
 – ,  U  ,   – {3} Use x + 2 = t
 7   7 
Now we have

=   ,   
16
7

26
7
, x2
  x + 2 3
dx = 
(t – 2)2
t3
dt
Q. 4. (a) Determine the values of x for which
f(x) = 5x3/2 – 3x5/2 , x > 0 is 1 4 4
(i) increasing =   t  t 2

t 3 
dt
(ii) decreasing.
Sol. Given function 4 z
= log |t| +  +C
f(x) = 5x3/2 – 3x5/2, x > 0 t t2
15 1/2 15 3/2 Therefore
f (x) = x – x
2 2

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 
4 2 | a +b |
I =log |x + 2 | + 
x2 

 x  2
c   = 1 sin Q 1 < 1
a b
(d) Find the area bounded by the curves    
y = x2 and y2 = x. | ab |  | a |  b
Sol. Given that y = x2 , y2 = x, We need to find the (b) Find the shortest distance between
integration of the given point.  1 + λ  iˆ + ( 2 – λ) ˆj + 1 + λ  kˆ
r=
x = y2 = (x2)2
x = x4 and

x(1 – x ) = 0 r =2(1 + ) iˆ + (1 – ) ĵ + (–1 +
3

so that x = 0, or x = 1
Now required Area 2) k̂ .
Sol. Given that the two lines
 x  x 2  dx
1


0
r1 = 1    iˆ   2t   ˆj  1    kˆ
1 
 32 3 r2 = 2 1    iˆ  1    gˆ   1  2   kˆ
x  x 
=  Now
3 3

  r1 =  iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ     i  ˆj  kˆ 

Neeraj
2 0

r2 =  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ     iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ 
y We have
y 
a =  iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ 

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
y =x2 b =  iˆ  gˆ  kˆ 

c =  2iˆ  gˆ  kˆ 
(1, 1) 
d =  iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ 
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(0, 0) x  
y2 =x2
Now
 
c a = 2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  iˆ  2 gˆ  kˆ
=  iˆ  gˆ 
  
i j k
  1 –1 1
2 1 ba =
=  1 –1 2
3 3
  
1 = 2 i  2 j  2k
=
3  
Thus | b  d | = 22  22  22
Q. 5. (a) For any vectors show that
    = 444
a +b  a + b .
 = 12
     
Sol. a+b ×c  a ×(b×c) = 0 Therefore the distance between the two lines is
  
b =0   b  d   c  a  
=    
 1b  d1 

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=
 2iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ   iˆ  ˆj 
y 00)
12
00, 10,0
c (20
22 4
= 
12 12

x = 2000
00
(c) A man wishes to invest at most ` 12,000 in = 12,0
Bond A and Bond B. He must invest at least ` 2,000 x+y
0)
in Bond A and at least ` 4,000 in Bond B., If Bond
000, 400
A gives return of 8% and Bond B that of 10%, B (8
find how much money be invested in the two bonds
y = 4000
to maximize the return. A (2000,4000)
Sol. let man invested amount of Rs. x and Rs. y
in bond A and bond B respectively. Rate of interest
on bond A is 8% per annum and on bond B is 10% (0,0) x
per annum. Therefore interest on bond A = x *
8 2x The required region in the shaded region above.
=

Neeraj
100 25 Now, we will calculate the value of z at these three
points at point A: x = 2000, y = 4000
10 y
Interest on bond B = y * =
100 10 2 * 2000 4000
z= = 160 + 400 = 560
25 10
2x y
Total interest =
at point B: x = 8000. y = 4000

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25 10
Our L.P.P. is to maximize the total interest
2*8000 4000
2x y z= + = 640 + 400 = 1040
Maximize Z = ....(1) 25 10
25 10
at point C: x = 2000, y = 10,000

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Subject to constrainst
x + y < 12000 ....(2) 2 * 2000 10, 000
x  2000 ....(3) z= + = 160 + 1000 = 1160
25 10
y  4000 ....(4)
Now, we will plot the above inegualities (2), (3) Thus at point C, z has maximum value.
& (4) Thus he must invest Rs 2000 in bond A and Rs.
10,000 in bond B.

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( Solved )

Time: 3 Hours ] [ Maximum Weightage : 100

Note: Question number 1 is compulsory. Attempt any three question from the rest.

Q. 1. (a) Show that

 1 1 1
 = abc  1    
1+a 1 1  a b b
1 1+b 1 = abc + bc + ca + ab.
1 1 1+c 1 1
1
a c

Neeraj
0 1 0
=
1 a 1 1 0 0 1
Ans.  = 1 1 b 1
1 1 1 c Expanding along c1, we have

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Taking a, b and c common from c1, c2 and c3  1 1 1 1 0
repectively, we get,  = abc 1  a  b  c  0 1
 

1 1 1  1 1 1
1 = abc  1    

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a b C  a b c
1 1 1  abc + bc + ca + ab
 = abc 1
a b C Hence, proved.
1 1 1 (b)
1
a b C

Now applying c1 + c2, + c3 , we have  1 3

 – 
 1 2 
1 1 1 1 1 , find A 3
1   If A =  3 1  .
a b c b c  
 2 2 
1 1 1 1 1
 = abc 1    1
Ans.
a b c b c
1 1 1 1 1
1   1 1 – 3
a b c b b
2 2
Applying R2 – R1 and R3– R1 and taking A= 3 1
 1 1  2 2
1    common, we have
 a b/c 

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L.H.S. 2
 1 – 3  1 – 3 R.H.S. 21+1 – 2  4 – 2 = 2
    L.H.S. = R.H.S. + or n = 1
2 2  2 2 
A = 
2
Thus P (1) is true.
 3 1  3 1 
   Let P (m) be true then,
 2 2  2 2 
2 + 22 + ......+ 2m = 2m + 1 – ...(i)
for P (m + 1) we have.
1  – 3 – 3  – 3  2 + 22 +....... + 2m + 1 + 1 = 2m + 1 –2
     2 + 22 + ...... + 2n + 2n + 1 = 2m + 2 – 2
4  4  4  4 
=   Take, L.H.S. we have,
 3 3 –3 1
  ( 2m + 1 – 2) + 2m + 1 [From eq. (i)]
 4 4 4 4   2m + 1 –2 + 2m + 1
 2 m + 1+ 2m + 1 – 2
–2   2.2m + 1 – 2
 4 0   2m + 2 – 2
=    Hence proved by mathematical induction
2 3 – 2
 4 method.
4 

Neeraj
(d) Find the 18th term of a G.P. whose 5th term
is 1 and common ratio is 2/3.
 –1  Ans. Given that
 2 0
a5 = ar5 – 1 = ar4 = 1
 
=  3 –1  2
 2 2  and common ratio is r =

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3
Now, a18 = ar18 – 1 = ar17
–1  1 – 3 a18  ar17  13
 2 0  
2 2  and =  4 r
A3 = A2 A =   a5  ar 

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 3 –1   3 1 
 4 2   2

2  2
13

Therefore, a18 = a5 r = 1   .
13
 3
 –1 3  (e) If (a – ib) (x + iy) = (a2 + b2) i and a + ib  0,
 
 4 4  find x and y.
A =  3
3
3 –3 1 Ans.
 – –  (a – ib) (x + iy) = (a2 + b2) i and a + ib  0
 4 4 4 4
ax + aiy – xib – i2 by = (a2 + b2) i
ax – (–1) by + i (ay – xb) = (a2 + b2) i
–1 3
  ax + by + (ay – xb) i = (a2 + b2) i
A =  4
3 4  Ans.  ax + by = 0 (ii) and ay – xb = a2 + b2 –.... (i)
 0 – 1 
– by
(c) Use the principle of mathematical By eq. (i) we have x = , putting this value
a
induction to show that: in ....(ii)
2 +22 + .... + 2n = 2n + 1 – 2. ∀n ∈N
 – by 
Ans. Let P (n) be the given statement  ay –   b = a2 + b2
 a 
When n =1
 a2 y + b2y = a (a2 + b2)

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 (a2 + b2) y = a (a2 + b2) (h) Find the equation of the straight line
through
 y  a ....(iii) (– 2, 0, 3,) and (3, 5, – 2).
By (ii) and (iii) Ans. Equation of straight line through
ax + b.a = 0 (– 2,0,3) and (3,5,–2)
ax = – ba Cartesian Equation 
– ba x – x1 y – y1 z – z1
x= 
a x2 – x1 = y2 – y1 z2 – z1

x–b . x – (–2) y–0 z–z


(f) Find two numbers whose sum is 54 and 3 – (– 2) = 5 – 0 – 2 – 3
product is 629.
Ans. Let two numbers are x and y x2 y z–3
=  
x + y = 54 ....(i) 5 5 –5
x. y = 629 ....(ii)
By equation. (i) we have ...(iii) This is the cartesian equation of straight line
y = 54 – x passing through.

Neeraj
By equation. (ii) & (iii) (– 2, 0, 3) and (3, 5, – 2).
x. (54 – x) = 629
54x – x2 = 629  5 3 0
 3 2 0 , find A –1
x2 – 54x = 629 = 0 Q. 2. (a) If A =  
x2 – 37x – 17x + 629 = 0 0 0 1

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x (x – 37) – 17 (x – 37) = 0
(x – 17) (x – 37) = 0
5 3 0
x = 17 or 37  
Put these value in eq. (iii) Ans. A =  3 2 0
y = 54 – 17  37 0 0 1 
and if
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y = 54 – 37 = 17.
A–1 =
1
| A|
adj A
d2y
(g) If y = aemx + be–mx, show that = m2 y
dx 2 | A| = 5 (2 – 0) – 3 (3 – 0) + 0 (0 – 0)
Ans.  10 – 9
y = ae + be
mx –mx  1  0.
dy d d So, A is a non-singular matrix and therefore it is
dx = dx ( ae )  dx ( be )
mx – mx
invertible. Let Cij be cofactor of aij in A. Then the
cofactors of elements of A are given by:
ame mx  a m e ms – b me – mx 2 0 3 0 3 0
C11 = C12 = C21 =
2
d y 0 1 0 1 0 1
= am2 emx + bm2 e–mx
dx 2 = 2 =3 = 3
= m2 [aemx + be–mx]
5 0
d2y C22 =
0 1
= m 2 y [  y = aemx + be–mx]
dx 2
= 5
Hence, proved.

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1 5 1
3 2 5 3 3 0 0 2 1
C13 = C23 = C31 = 2 =
0 0 0 0 2 0 1 3 1
= 0 =0 = 0  1 (2 – 3) – 5 (0 – 1) + 1 (0 – 2)
5 0 5 3 – 1 + 5 – 2
C32 = C33 = 2
3 0 3 2
1 1 5
= 0 =1
0 1 2
3 =
2 3 0 T
 2 3 0 1 0 3
    3 5 0
adj A =  3 5 0     1 (3 – 0) – 1 (0 – 2) + 5 (0 – 1)
 0 0 1   0 0 1  3+2–5
0
Now, applying cremer’s rule, we have:
 2 3 0
1 1 1  
Hence, A =–1 adj A = 3 5 0  x= ,y 2,z 3
|A| 1    
 0 0 1 

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3 2 0
x= ,y ,z
1 1 1
2 3 0
x = 3, y = 2, z = 0.
A–1 = 3 5 0 .
0 0 1 (c) Find the area of  ABC whose vertices aree

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A (1,3) , B (2, 2) and C (0, 1).
(b) Solve the system of equations x + y + z = 5, Ans. Area of  ABC whose vetices are:
y + z = 2, x + z = 3 by using Cramer’s rule. A (1, 3), B (2, 2) and C (0, 1)
Ans. x + y + z = 5 Area of =

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y + z =2 Ax (B y – C y )  Bx (C y – A y )  C x (A y – B y )
x + z =3
2
Determinant of order 3
1 (2 – 1)  2 (1 – 3)  0 (3 – 2)
1 1 1 
2
 = 0 1 1
1 0 1 1– 40

2
 1 (1 – 0) – 1 (0 – 1) + 1 (0 – 1)
1+1–1 –3

1 2
3
5 1 1  .
2
2 1 1
1 =
3 0 1 5 3 8 
0 1 1  to normal
 5 (1 – 0) – 1(2 – 3) + 1 (0 – 3) (d) Reduce A =  
1 – 1 0 
5 + 1 – 3
3 form by elementary operations.

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Ans.
7
=  [ n – (.1  .01  .001  .....to n terms)]
5 3 8 9
0 1 1
A= 7  ·1  1 – (·1) n  
0 –1 0 =  n – 
9  (1 – ·1) 
 
Applying R1  R3 we, have:
7  1 
1 –1 1 =     9n – 1  n  .
   81   10 
A ~  0 1 1
 5 3 8 (b) Find three terms in G.P. such that their sum
Applying R3  R3 – 5R, we have: is 31 and the sum of their squares is 651.
a
1 –1 0 Ans. Let the required numbers be , a and ar..
  r
A ~ 0 1 1 Then,
0 8 8
a
Applying elementary row operation R1  R1 +  a  ar = 31 ....(i)

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r
R2 and R3  R3 – 8R2 we have:
a2
1 0 1   a 2  a 2 r 2 = 651 ....(ii)
  r2
A ~ 0 1 1  On squaring (1), we get
0 0 0

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 a2 2 2  a2 
Now we apply elementary column operation C3  2  a 2
 a r   2  a a
2 2
r   961
 r   r 
 C3  C2
1 0 0  a2 2 2 a 
or,  2  a  a r   2a   a  ar   961
2

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0 1 1 r  r 
A~
0 0 0 or,
651 + 62 a = 961 [Using (ii) and (i)]
Again applying C3  C3 – C1 This gives:
1 0 0 a =5
0 1 1  Putting, a = 5 in (1), we get
A~   5r2 – 26r + 5 = 0
0 0 0 5r2 – 25r – r + 5 = 0
This is reduce A matrix to normal form. 5r (r – 5) – 1 (r – 5) = 0
Q. 3. (a) Find the sum to n terms of the series (5r – 1) (r – 5) = 0
0.7 + 0.77 + 0.777 + ....... r =5
Ans. 0.7 + 0.77 + 0.777 + ..... to n terms] 1
= 7 × [· 1 + ·11 + ·111 + ........ to n terms] r=.
5
7  The numbers are 1, 5, 25 or 25, 5, 1.
=  [·9  ·99  ·999  .......to n terms ]
9 (c) IF  and  are roots x2 – 4x + 2 = 0, find the
7 equation whose roots are 2 + 1 and  2 + 1.
=  [(1  0.1 )  (1 – 0.01)  (1 – ·001) Ans. x2 – 4x + 2 = 0
9
 +  = 4 and  = 2
+ .... to n terms]
Let S = Sum of the roots

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 (2 + 1) + ( 2 + 1) or 5 + 5 = 10 Ans.
 2 +  2 + 2
1 – ex dy
 ( + )2 – 2 + 2 (b) If y = 2x
, find
= (4)2 – 2 × 2 + 2 e dx
= 14 1 – ex
and P = Product of the roots Ans. y=
e2 x
 (2 + 1) ( 2 + 1)  2  2 + 2 + 2 +  2 + 1
 4 + 12 + 1 d d 2x
dy (1 – e x ) e 2 x – (2 – e x ) (e )
 (    ) 2   2   2  2 x  or, = dx dx
dx 2x 2
(e )
 
  16   2   2  4   17
  dy e 2 x (– e x ) 1 – (1 – ex ) (2e 2 x )
   2   2  12  or =
dx e4 x
Thus the required equation is x2 – 5x + P = 0 So that,
x2 – 14 x + 17 = 0 Ans.
dy ex – 2
(d) Solve the inequality. = .
x2 – 4x – 21  0. dx e2 x
Ans. x2 – 4x – 21  0 (x2 – 7x + 3x – 21)  0 (c) If a mothball evaporates at a rate

Neeraj
(x (x – 7) + 3 (x – 7)  0 proportional to its surface area 4r2, show that its
(x + 3) (x – 7)  0 radius decreases at a constant rate.
So that, critical numbers are – 3 and 7 Ans.
(+) (–) dy
= 4 r 2
dr

Publications
–3 0 7
Q. 4. (a) Find the value of constant k so that dy
= 8 r
dr
 x 2 – 25 So the radius decreases 8 constant rate.
 if x  5
f (x) =  x – 5 (d) Evaluate:

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 k if x = 5
 2
x2

is continuous at x = 5. 0
( x + 2) 3
dx

Ans. Use x + 2 = t
 x 2 – 25
 if x  5 we have,
Ans. f (x) =  x – 5 2
 K x2
if x = 5 = 0 ( x  2)3 dx
And for f to be continuous at x = 5, there should
be: 2
(t – 2) 2
or, = dt
t3
f (5) = lim
x5
f ( x) 0

2
1 4 4 
=   – 2  3  dt
2
x – 25 or,
or = lim 0 
t t t 
x 5 x–5
2
 4 2 
( x – 5) ( x  5) =  log | t |  t – t 2  
or = lim
x 5 x–5
 0
2
 4 2 
or = lim ( x  5)
x5
or,  log | x  2 |  x  2 – ( x  2) 2  C 
 0

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Z 2 – Z1
n=
 4 2  AB
or, = log | 4 |  – 2  C 
 4 4  AB = ( x2 – x1 ) 2  ( y 2 – y1 ) 2  (Z 2 – Z1 ) 2
 1 2  Here, A is (1,2,3) and B is (– 1, 1, 0)
– log | 2 |  2 – – 2  C 
 2 2  So, AB
Where AB =

 1   1  (– 1 – 1) 2  (1 – 2) 2  (0 – 3) 2
or, log | 4 |  1 –  C  –  log | 2 |  2 – 2  C 
 8  = 4 1 9
or, =
= 14 .
4 7 3 –5 (c) Two electricians, A and B, Charge ` 400
log |  –  log | 2 | Ans.
2 8 2 8 and ` 500 per day respectively. A can service 6
Q. 5. (a) Show that the three points with ACs and 4 coolers per day while B can service 10
position vectors ACs and 4 coolers per day. For how many days
        must each be employed so as to service at least 60
– 2a + 3 ba + 5 c, a + 2b + 3c, 7a – c aree ACs and the least 32 coolers at minimum labour

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collinear. cost? Also calculate the least cost.
Ans. There points with position vectors. Ans. Let, electrician A works for x days and
        electrician B works for y days.
are – 2a  3b  5c , a  26  3c , 7a – C
Now, the LPP is maximize at
or, A ( – 2, 3,5); B (1, 2, 3); C (7, 0, –1)
C = 400x + 500y
We have,

Publications
 Also,
AB = = Ac constraints, 6x + 10 y  60
   Cooler constraints, 4x + 4y  32
(1  2) a  (2 – 3) b  (3 – 5) C
And, non-negativity, x  0, y  0
    Now,
= AB  3a – b – 2c ....(i)

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    C (p) = 2400 + 5000 = 7400
and AC = (7 + 2) a – 3b – 6c C (Q) = 2000 + 1500 = 3500
   C (R) = 1600 + 2000 = 3600
=  9a – 3b – 6c ....(ii)
from both the equation, it is clears
that, y
 
AB = 3 AC
 
Therefore, AB and AC are collinear vectors 8
and also A,B,C are collinear points. R
(b) Find the direction cosines of the line 6
passing through (1, 2, 3,) and (– 1, 1, 0).
R1
Ans. We know that the direction cosines of the 6
line passing through the two points A (x1, y1, Z1) and Q(
B (x2, y2m Z2) are given by: 5,3
)
x2 – x1 p
l= x
AB 8 10
4 6 .
y2 – y1
m=
AB

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( Solved )

Time: 3 hours ] [Maximum Marks: 100

Note: Question no. 1 is compulsory. Attempt any three questions from the remaining four questions.

Q. 1. (a) Show that the points (a, b + c), (b, c  10  9 

+ a) and (c, a + b) are collinear. = 4 
 27 10 
Sol. AB = (b  a ) 2  ( c  a  b  c )2
 40  36
=  
= (b  a )  (a  b)
2 2
 108  40

Neeraj
(c) Use the principle of mathematical
BC = ( c  b) 2  ( a  b  c  a )2
induction to show that:
= ( c  b) 2  (b  c )2 1
12 + 22 + … + n2 = n ( n + 1) (2n + 1)
6
AC = ( c  a ) 2  ( a  b  b  c )2  n  N.

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Sol. Clearly result is true for n = 1. Assume that
= (c  a )2  (a  c )2 for n = k
AB + BC = AC 1
1 2 + 2 2 + … + k2 = k (k  1) (2k  1)
(b  a )  ( a  b)  (c  b)  (b  c)
2 2 2 2
6

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= (c  a )2  (a  c )2
For n = k + 1
L.H.S.  12 + 22 + … + k2 + (k + 1)2
Taking root both sides, 1
 k (k  1) (2k  1)  (k  1) 2
(b  a)2 + (a  b)2 + (c  b)2 + (b  c)2 6
= (c  a)2 + (a  c)2
1
0 = 0  ( k  1)  k (2k  1)  6 ( k  1) 
Thus it is clear that the three points are collinear. 6
1
 2 1  ( k  1) ( k  2) (2k  3)
(b) If A =   , find 4A  A2. 6
3 2 
1
 ( k  1) ( k  1  1) (2k  1  1)
 2 1  2 1 6
Sol. A2 =    For n = k + 1
 3 2  3 2 
1
 1  4  n (n  1) (2n  1)
=  6
12 1 (d) Find the smallest positive integer n for
n
 2 1  1  4 1+ i 
4A  A2 = 4   which   = 1.
 3 2 12 1 1 i 

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(1  i ) = 0iˆ  a2 ˆj  a3 k
Sol. On solving , we get i
(1  i )
iˆ ˆj kˆ
So that 
a  ˆj = a1 a2 a3
n
1  i  0 1 0
 = i
n

 1  i 
= a3iˆ  0 ˆj  a1 kˆ
Therefore the smallest value of n is 4.
(e) A positive number exceeds its square root Similarly

by 30. Find the number. k  ( a  k ) = a1iˆ  a2 ˆj  0kˆ
Sol. Its (x + x2 = 30)  
Put into quadratic form Hence  iˆ  ( a  iˆ) = {iˆ  (a  iˆ)}
its x2 + x  30 = 0  
This can be factored into (x + 6) (x  5)  { ˆj  (a  ˆj )}  {kˆ  (a  kˆ)}
So, x is 5 and x is 6. = 2a1iˆ  2a2 ˆj  2a3kˆ
ln x dy
(f) If y = 2 , find . = 2 {a1iˆ  a2 ˆj  a3 kˆ}
x dx 
= 2a

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ln x
Sol. y =
x2 (h) Find an equation of the line through
d  ln x  x 2 d1dx (ln x)  ln  x  d1 dx x 2 x +1 y+2
  = (1, 0, – 4) and parallel to the line =
dx  x 3  (x2 ) 3 4

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1 z2
x2  (ln x ) d1dx (2 x 3 ) = .
d  ln x  = x 2
 2  x2
dx  x  Sol. Given that the line passing through (1, 0,
d  ln x  x (1  2 ln x )  4) and is parallel to the line

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 2  =
dx  x  x2 x 1 y2 z2
= =
d  ln x   1  3 ln x 
3 4 2
So that  2  = 
dx  x   x  So that vector should be 3iˆ  4 ˆj  2kˆ
(g) Show that for any vector a ,

Also the vector equation of required line
    
iˆ × ( a × iˆ ) + jˆ × ( a × jˆ ) + kˆ × ( a × kˆ ) = 2 a r = (iˆ  4kˆ )  t (3iˆ  4 ˆj  2kˆ )
 Therefore the Cartesian equation of the line is
Sol. Let a = a1iˆ  a2 ˆj  a3kˆ
x 1 y 0 z4
= (a1, a2, a3) = =
3 1 2
i ˆj k Q. 2. (a) Find inverse of the matrix
 a1 a2 a3
ai =
 1 2 5
1 0 0  2 3 1
A =  .
= 0iˆ  a3 ˆj  a2 k  1 1 1

i ˆj k
  1 2 5

i  a  ˆj  = j 0 0 Sol. A =  2 3 1
 
0 a3 – a2  1 1 1

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1
A1 = adj A 5 3 8
|A| 0 1 1 to
(b) Reduce the matrix A =  
3 1  1 1 0 
a11 = (  1) 2 =2
1 1
normal form by elementary operations.
2 1
a12 = (  1)3 = 3  5 3 8
1 1
Sol. A = 0 1 1
 
2 3  1 1 0
a13 = (  1)4 =5
1 1 C3  (C1 + C2)  C3
2 5
a21 = (  1)3 =3  5 3 0
1 1  
A = 0 1 0
1 5  1 1 0
a22 = (  1)4 =6
1 1
 5 3
1 2
A = 0 1

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a23 = (  1) 5
= 3 
1 1
 1 1
2 5
a31 = (  1)4 = 13 R3  R2 + R3
3 1
 5 3

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A = 0 1
1 5
a32 = (  1) 5
=+9
2 1
 1 0
1 2 (c) Solve the system of linear equations
a33 = (  1)6 = 1
2 3 2x  y + z = 5

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|A| = (1) (2) + (2) (3) + (5) (5)
|A| = 2  6 + 25
|A| = 21
3x + 2y  z = 7
4x + 5y  5z = 9
by matrix method.
3 13 Sol. As we have single matrix equation
 2
 3 6 AX = B
Adj. A = 9
 
 5 3 1  2 1 1  x  5 
 3 2 1  y  7 
   =  
 2 3 13  4 5 5  z  9 
1 
A 1
= 3 6 9
21   And solving for cofactor of |A|
 5 3 1
2 1
A11 = ( 1) 2 = 5
2 3 13  5 5
 21  
21 21
 
 3 6 9  3 1
A12 = ( 1)
3
A1 = = 19
 21 21 21  4 5
 
5 3 1 
 21 3 2
21 21  A13 = ( 1)4 =7
4 5

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Therefore = 3 3  i  3 3i  9
a11A11 + a12A12 + a13A13
= 2 (5) + (1) (19) + (1) (7) = 9  3 3  4 3i
= 10 + 19 + 7 = 16 (b) Find the sum to n terms of the series
Since |A|  0, A is non-singular. 0.7 + 0.77 + 0.777 + … + upto n terms.
So that the remaining cofactors are Sol. Given that .7 + .77 + .777 + …
1 1 Sn = .7 + .77 + .777 + … + upto n terms
A21 = ( 1)
3
=0
5 5 7
= .9  .99  .999    upto n terms 
9
2 1
A22 = ( 1)
4
= 14 7
4 5 = (1  .1)  (1  .01)  (1  .001)    (1  (.1) n 
9
2 1 7  .1 (1  (.1)n 
A23 = ( 1)5 = 14 n 
4 5 =
9  1  .1 

1 1 
7 1 n
A31 = ( 1) 4 = 1
2 1 =  n  9 (1  (.1) 
9

Neeraj
(c) If one root of the quadratic equation ax2
2 1
A32 = ( 1)5 =5 + bx + c = 0 is square of the other root, show that
3 1 b3 + a2c + ac2 = 3abc.
Sol. Let , 2 be two roots of the equation ax2
2 1
A33 = ( 1)6 =7 + bx + c = 0

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3 2
b
X = A1B  + 2 = …(i)
a
 5 0 1 5  c
1  and , 2 =
= 19 14 5 7  a

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16   
 7 14 7   9  c
3 = …(ii)
a
 25 0 9  From (i) we have
1 
= 95 98 45
16   b
 35 98 63  ( + 1) =
a
3
 34   b  b3
1  { ( + 1)}3 =   =  3
= 148  a  a
16  
 0  b3
3 (3 + 32 + 3 + 1) =
34 148 a3
x =  , y =  , z = 0 is the required
16 16 c 2 3bc c b3
solution.   = 
a2 a2 a a3
Q. 3. (a) Use DeMoivre’s theorem to put
ac  3abc + a c = b3
2 2

 
3
3+i in the form a + bi. b3 + ac2 + a2c = 3abc
(d) The cost of manufacturing x mobile sets
by Josh Mobiles is given by C = 3000 + 200x and
 
3
Sol. 3i = ( 3) 3  i 3  3 3i  9i 2 the revenue from selling x mobiles is given by 300x.

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How many mobiles must be produced to get a 9 ( x  y)

profit of ` 7,03,000 or more? =
1.8 x
Sol. As we know that
4y = x
Profit = Revenue  Cost
= 300x  (3000 + 200x) x
y =
= 100x  3000 4
For profit there must be profit > 0 Now differentiating with respect to t,
so that
dy 1 dx
100x  3000 > 0 =
100x > 3000 dt 4 dt
x > 30 dy 1
As x is natural no. Therefore, x  31. = (2) = .5
dt 4
d2 y Therefore, we can say that the shadow is
Q. 4. (a) If y = aemx + bemx and = ky, find lengtheing ast the rate of .5 m/s.
dx 2
(c) Evaluate the integral
the value of k in terms of m.
Sol. y = aemx + bemx x
D.w.r. to x  ( x + 1) (2 x  1) dx

Neeraj
dy Sol. Given function
= aemx + bemx
dx x
where a, b and m is constant value again d.w.r. to x I =  (2 x  1) ( x  1) dx
d2y We can write
= aemx + bemx

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dx 2 A B
where, value of k = emx in terms of m. I = 
(2 x  1) ( x  1)
(b) A man 180 cm tall walks at a rate of 2 m/s
away from a source of light that is 9 m above the Now, x = A (x + 1) + B (2x  1)
ground. How fast is the length of his shadow 1

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increasing when he is 3 m away from the base of x =  ,1
2
light?
Sol. Let y be the length of shadow and x be the 5
A =  , B 1
distance of the man from light post. 3
And given that 5 1
I =   log | 2 x  1 |  1 | log | x  1 |  C
dx 3 2
= 2
dt 5
I =  log (2 x  1)  log ( x  1)  C
6
(d) Find length of the curve y = 2x3/2 from
(1, 2) to (4, 16).
Sol. Given y = 2x3/2
dy
= 3x1/2
dx
Now required length
4
Now triangle ABC is similar to triangle DEC  1  9 x ) 3/ 2 
4
 1  9 x dx =  
 9   
AB BC 1
3
=
DE CE   2  1

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Therefore
2 
37 37  10 10  units. (2iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ) (iˆ  ˆj )
27  =
12
 
Q. 5. (a) For any two vectors a and b , prove
    22 4
that | a + b |  |a| + | b | . = =
12 12
      
Sol. ( a  b )  c  a  (b  c ) = 0 (c) A tailor needs at least 40 large buttons and
 60 small buttons. In the market, buttons are
b = 0 available in boxes and cards. A box contains 6 large
  and 2 small buttons and a card contains 2 large
|a  b |
  = | sin  |  1 and 4 small buttons. If the cost of a box is ` 3 and
| a |  |b | that of card is ` 2, find how many boxes and cards
   
|a  b |  |a |  |b | should he buy so as to minimize the expenditure?
 Sol. Let x boxes and y cards be purchased.
(b) Find the shortest distance between r1 and And cost incurred by the tailor = 30x + 20y
 Number of large buttons obtained from x boxes
r2 given below:
 and y cards is 2x + 4y
r1 = (1 + λ) iˆ + (2 – λ) ˆj + (1+ λ) kˆ So that 6x + 2y  40
 Similarly no. of small buttons obtained from x
r2 = 2 (1 + μ) iˆ + (1 – μ) ˆj + (–1 + 2μ) kˆ boxes and y cards is 2x + 4y so that

Neeraj
Sol. Given that the two lines 2x + 4y  60
 Also x  0, y  0
r1 = (1   ) iˆ  (2   ) ˆj  (1   ) kˆ
 Hence the LPP is minimize at
and r2 = 2 (1  ) iˆ  (1   ) ˆj  ( 1  2 ) kˆ C = 30x + 20y
 for object function
r1 = (iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ )   (iˆ  ˆj  kˆ ) Large button constraint, 5x + 2y  40
 Small button constraint, 2x + 4y  60

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r2 = (2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ)   (iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ )
Now the cost at the corner point of the feasible
We have region

a = (iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ ) C(A) = (0, 20)
 = 30 (0) + 20 (20) = 400
b = (iˆ  ˆj  kˆ )

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 5 55 
C(B) = C  ,  = 30  
 5
c = (2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ ) 2 2  2

d = (iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ )  55 
  = 20   = 75 + 550 = 525
Now c  a = (2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ)  2 
C(D) = C(30, 0) = 900
= (iˆ  ˆj ) Therefore, the least cost occur when the tailor
iˆ ˆj kˆ purchase just 20 cards and the least cost is 400.
  1 1 1
b a =
1 1 2

= 2iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ
 
Thus, | b  d | = 22  22  22
= 4  4  4 = 12 
Therefore the distance between the two lines is

   
(b  d ) ( c  a )
=  
|b  d |

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( Solved )

Time: 3 hours ] [ Maximum Marks: 100

Note : Question no. 1 is compulsory. Attempt any three questions from the rest.

x y z (b) Show that the points (a, b+c), (b, c+a) and
(c, a+b) are collinear.
Q. 1. (a) Evaluate: x 2 y2 z2
x3 y3 z3 Sol. AB = (b – a) 2  (c  a – b – c) 2

x y z = (b – a) 2  (a – b) 2

Neeraj
2
Sol. = x y2 z2
BC = ( c – b) 2 ( a b – c – a) 2
3 3 3
x y z
Taking x, y, z common from C 1, C 2 and C 3 = (c – b ) 2 (b – c ) 2
respectively. We get
AC = (c – a ) 2 (a b – b – c) 2

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1 1 1
= xyz x y z C2 C2–C1 and C3 C3– = (c – a ) 2 (a – c) 2
x2 y2 z2 AB + BC = AC (b – a) 2  (a – b) 2

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C1
We get + (c – b ) 2 (b – c ) 2
1 0 0 = (c – a ) 2 (a – c) 2
= xyz x y–x z–x
Taking roots both sides,
x2 y2 x2 z 2 – x2 (b–a)2 + (a–b)2 + (c–b)2 + (b–c)2
= (c–a)2 + (a–c)2
Taking (y – x) common from C2 and (Z–x) from
0= 0
C3 we get
Thus, it is clear that the three points are collinear.
1 0 0 (c) For every positive integer n, prove
x 1 1 that 7n – 3n is divisible by 4.
 = xyz (y–x) (z–x) Sol. P (n) = 7n – 3n is divisible by 4.
2
x y  nx z  x We note that P (n) is true for n = 1
Expanding along R1, we get Since
71 – 3 1 = 4
1 1 4 =4
 = xyz (y–x) (z–x) ( y x) ( z x) which is divisible by 4
Assume that P (K) is true.
= xyz (y–x) (z–x) (z+x–y–x)
7k – 3 k = 4
= (xyz) (y–x) (z–x) (z–y)
Now we want to prove that P (K+1) is true

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Whenever P (K) is true, we have

P (K + 1) = 7 K+1 – 3 K+1 dy e x + e –x
(e) Find if y = x
Thus P (K + 1) is true, whenever P (K) is true. dx e – e –x
Hence by the principle of mathematical induction P(n)
is true for all XN. ex e– x
Sol. y =
(d) The sum of first three terms of a G.P. is ex – e– x
13 (ex –e–x)d dx(ex e–x )–(ex e–x)d dx(ex –e–x)
and their product is –1. Find the =
12 (ex –e–x)2
common ratio and the terms.
Sol. Let 3 numbers be air, a, ar. (ex – e– x )(ex – e– x ) –(ex e– x )(ex e– x )
=
a 13 (ex – e– x )2
+ a + ar = .... (i)
r 12
(e x – e – x ) 2 – ( e x e – x )2
a =
and . a . ar = –1 .... (iii) (e x – e – x ) 2
r
a3 = –1 –4
a = –1 =
(e – e – x ) 2
x

Neeraj
Putting a = –1 in eq. (i)
–1 13 dx
+ (–1) + (–1) r = (f) Evaluate 2
r 12 3x 13 x – 10
–1 13 1
–1–1 r = Sol. I = dx
r 12 2

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3x 13 x – 10
12 (–r –r –r2) = 13r
12 r + 12r + 12 + 13r = 0
2 1 1
= 3 x2 dx
13 x – 10 3
12 r2 + 25r + 12 = 0 3
Find out factor of r using algebraic equations
2

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ax2 + bx + C = 0 1 1 17 13
 I = – Put x + =t
a = 12, b = 25, C = 12 3 ( x 13 6 ) 2 6 6
–b b 2 – 4ac 1 1
r = dt dx = dt
2a  I = 3
(t 2 – 17 6 ) 2
–4
r = –3 4 , 3 13
1 x 6– 17 6
When a = –1  I = log x 13 17 +C
17 6– 6
and r = –3 4 , a r = 4 3 , a = –1,
1 6x – 4
 I = log +C
ar = –1 –3 4 ar = 3 4 17 6 x – 30

When a = –1 1 3x – 2
 I = log +C
17 x–5
and r = – –4 3 , a r = 3 4 , a =–1, ar = 4 3
(g) Write the direction ratio’s of the vector
4
Hence the numbers are either 3 , – 1, 3 4 
a = i + j – 2k and hence calculate its
4 direction cosines.
or 3 4 , –1, 3 . 
Sol. a = i + j –2K

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So the direction ratio are a = 1, b = 1, c = –2

 1 0 0
Compare with r ai b j ck 0 1 1
y =

Also r = 1 3 1
12 12 (–2) 2
= 1 (1–3) –0 + 0
= 6 = –2
1 1 –2 1 1 0
 l= ,m= ,n=
6 6 6 0 1 1
z =
(h) Find a vector of magnitude 9, which is 1 0 3
perpendicular to both the vectors 4i – j
+ 3k and – 2i + j –2k. = 1 (3–0) –1 (0–1) + 0
  = 3+1
Sol. Here a b = (4i – j + 3k) + (–2i + j – 2k) = 4
= 2i + k
 1 1 0
= C
 = 0 1 1
1
   1 0 1

Neeraj
C = C C
= 1 (1–0) –1 (0–1) + 0
= 1+1=2
1
= (2i + k) x 2
5 Now x = = =1
2

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2 1
=k i y –2
5 5 y = = = –1
2
Therefore, the vector having magnitude equal to
 z 4
9 and in the direction of C is z = = =2

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2
2 1 (b) Find x, y and z so that A = B, where
= 9 i k
5 5 x–2 3 2z y z 6
A= ,B =
18 9 18 z y 2 6z 6y x 2y
= i k
5 5 x  2 3 2z  y z 6
Q. 2. (a) Solve the following system of linear Sol. A =  18 z y  2 6 z  , B =
  6 y x zy
equations using Cramer’s Rule x + y = 0,
Given A = B, then
y + z = 1, z + x = 3.
x–2 = y .... (i)
Sol. Equations are:
z–3 .... (ii)
x+y=0
x+z=1 18z = 6y .... (iii)
z+x=3 Putting the value of z in eq. (iii) from eq. (ii) , we get
18 3 = 6y
0 1 0 y = 9
1 1 1 Putting the value of y in eq. (i), we get
x =
3 0 1 x–2 = 9
x = 11
= 0 (1–0) –1 (1–3) + 0 (0–3) = 2 So, x = 11, y = 9 and z = 3

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1 0 2 1 1 2x 2 xn (2n – 1) x n
=
2 1 3 2 1 – x 1 – x2 (1 – x) 2 (1 – x)
(c) Reduce the matrix A = to
1 3 1 3 = 0
its normal form and hence determine its (b) Use De Moivre’s theorem to find
rank. 3
3 i
1 0 2 1 3 3
2 1 3 2 Sol. 3 i = 3 –i3 – 3 3i 9i 2
Sol. A = by R1  R2
1 3 1 3 = 3 3–i–3 3i+9
= 9+3 3–4 3i
2 1 3 2
1 0 2 1 (c) If ,  are the roots of x2 – 4x + 5 = 0 form
= by C1  C2 an equation whose roots are 2 + 2,  2 + 2.
1 3 1 3
Sol. Since ,  are roots of x2 – 4x + 5 = 0
+  = 4 and  = 5
1 2 3 2 The roots of the required equations are 2 + 2

Neeraj
=
0 1 2 1 and  2 + 2
3 1 1 3 Let S = Sum of the roots
= (+( + 2)
1 0 –1 0 =  +
= (– 2x + 4
0 1 2 1 = (4)2 –2  5  4

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= R3  R3 +5Rz
0 0 2 2 R1  R1 –2Rz = 10
and P = Product of the roots
1 0 –1 0 = (+( + 2)
0 1 2 1
1 =  ( + 4

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= R3 – R =  [(– 2 ] + 4
2 3
0 0 1 1 = 25 + 2 [16–10] + 4
= 41
1 0 0 0 Thus the required equation is
= 0 1 0 0 C4  C4 – C1 x2 – 5x + P = 0
0 0 1 1 x – 10x + 41 = 0
2

1
1 0 0 0 (d) Solve the inequality –2 < (4 – 3x) < 8
5
= 0 1 0 0 C4  C4 – C3 and graph the solution set.
0 0 1 0 C4  C4 – C3 1
Sol. –2 < (4 – 3 x) 8
5
So normal form of A is [I3 0]
Hence rank of A = 3. –10 < 1 (4 – 3x) 40
Q. 3. (a) Find the sum to n terms of the A.G.P. –10 < (4 – 3x) 40
1 + 3x + 5x2 + 7x3 + ... ; x 1. –10 < 4 < –3x 40 + 4
Sol. Here a = 1, d = 2, r = x. Thus
–14 < –3x 44
n –1
1 2 x(1 – x ) n –1
(1 – 2 ) n –14 44
Sn = – x <x
1– x (1 – x) 2 1– x 3 3

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Therefore set of the inequality is

1 dt
{x – 14 3 x 44
3}
–14
3,
44
3 = 9 2 2 2
3 t
e x – e –x
Q. 4. (a) Evaluate lim . 1 1 x t 
x 0 x = 9  2 tan 2  C 
 3 3 
Ans. 1 3 3 

= tan x t  C 
Taking Limit x  0, then 9  2 2 

e0 – e –0 1 3
= = tan x tan x C
0 6 2
= 0 (d)Find the area enclosed by the ellipse
(b) If a mothball evaporates at a rate
x2 y2
proportional to its surface area 4r2, show = 1.
2
that its radius decreases at a constant rate. a b2

Neeraj
dy x2 y2
Sol. = 4r2 Sol. Graph =1
dr a2 b2
dy
= 8r y2 x2
dr Now = 1–
So, the radius decreases 8constant rate. b2 a2

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dx b2
(c) Evaluate :  y= (a 2 – x 2 )
4 + 5 sin 2 x a2

dx a b2

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Sol. I = 2 Required Area = 4 02 – x 2 dx
4 + 5 sin x 0 a2
Dividing numerator and denominator by (a)2 x = 4
2
sec x a
= .b2  x 2 2 a2 x
2
4 sec x + 5 tan x 2 = 4. 2 2
a – x  sin  
a  2 90
sec 2 x
=
4 + 4 tan 2 x + 5 tan 2 x 4b 2 x a2
= .0 sin 1 – 0
a2 2 2
sec 2 x
= dx
4 + 9 tan 2 x 4b2 a 2
=
Let tan x = t sec2 x dx = dt. a2 2
dt = 2b2 sq. unit
= Q. 5. (a) Find a unit vector perpendicular to each
4 9t 2
of the vectors a b and a – b wheree a
1 dt
= = i + j + k, b = i + 2j + 3k.
9 419 t 2
 
Sol. a b = (i + j + k) + (i + 2j + 3k)

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= 2i + 3j + 4k 2y = 40 –x
  y = 40 –x
a – b = (i + j + k) – (i + 2j + 3k)
= –j – 2k 40 – x
    y =
2
a b a – b = (2i + 3j + 4k) (–j –2k)
x 0 10 20 30 40
= 2i – 3j – 8k
= 2–3–8 y 20 15 10 5 0
= –9
    (ii) 3x + y 30
So a – b and a b are not perpendicular y = 30 –3x
vectors. x 0 5 10 15 20
(b) Find the projection of the vector 7i + j y 30 15 0 –15 –30
– 4k on 2i + 6j + 3k.
  (iii) 4x + 3y > 60
Sol. a b = (7i + j – 4k) (2i + 6j + 3k) 3y = 60 –4x
= 14 + 6 – 12
60 – 4 x
= 8 y =
 3

Neeraj
16 = 4 36 9
x 0 5 10 15 20
= 49 y 20 40/3 20/3 0 –20/3
 
Vector Projection of a on 6



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a.b 
= 2 b
b

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8
= (2i 6 j 3k )
49
(c) Solve the following LPP by graphical
method:
Minimize : z = 20x + 10y
Subject to: x + 2y < 40
3x + y > 30
4x + 3y > 60 Z= 20 x + 10 y
and x, y > 0. Z= 20  7 + 10  15
Sol. z = 20 x + 10 y Z= 140 + 150
Z= 290
(i) x + 2y 40

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( Solved )

Time: 3 hours ] [ Maximum Marks: 100

Note: Question no. 1 is compulsory. Attempt any three questions from the rest.

1
1 a a2 = (K+1) [K(2K+3) + 2 (2K+3)]
6
Q. 1. (a) Evaluate 1 b b 2 .
1
1 c c2 = (K+1) (K+2) (2K+3)
6

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1
1 a a2 =(K+1) (K+1+1) (2K+1+1)
6
2
Sol. 1 b b The result holds for n = k + 1
2
1 c c 1
= n (n + 1) (2n + 1)
6

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b b2 1 b2 1 b (c) If the points (2, –3), (, –1) and (0, 4) are
= 1 –a a2 collinear, find the value of .
c c2 1 c2 1 c
Sol. Given that three points (2,–3) (,–1) and
= bc2 – b2c – a (c2–b2) + a2 (c–b) (0, 4) are collinear.

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= bc2 – b2c – ac2 + ab2 + a2c – a2b
= bc2 – b2c + ab2 –a2b – ac2 + a2c AB = ( 2)2 (–1 3) 2
= bc (c – b) + ab (b – a) – ac (c – a)
= 2
4–4 4
(b) For all n 1, prove that
= 2
–4 8
n ( n + 1)(2 n + 1)
12 + 22 + 32 + .... + n2 = BC = (0 )2 (4 1)2
6
Sol. Clearly result is true for n = 1. Assume that = 2
25
for n = k
1 AC = 22 72
12 + 22 + .... + K2 = K (K+1) (2K+1)
6 = 4 49
For n = K + 1
= 53
L.H.S.= 12 + 22 + .... + K2 + (K+1)2
AB + BC = AC
1
= K (K+1) (2K+1) + (K+1)2 ( 2
4 8 2
25 53
6
Taking roots both sides,
1
= (K+1) [K(2K+1) + 6 (K+1)] 2 – 4+ 8 + 2 + 25 = 53
6

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22 – 4– 20 = 0 (g) Find the unit vector in the direction of the
2 – 2– 10 = 0  
sum of the vectors a = 2i + 2j – 5k and b
 = 2, 5 = 2i + j + 3k.

(d) The sum of n terms of two different Sol. Given that the vector PQ , joining the points
arithmetic progressions are in the ratio P (2, 2, – 5) and Q (2, 1, 3)
(3n + 8) : (7n + 15). Find the ratio of their By using the given values we can get
12th term. 
PQ = (2 – 2) i + (1 – 2) j + (3 + 5) k
3n  8
Sol. Given Ratio =
7 n  18 = (1–1)2 (8)2
3n 8 =
= S12 1 64
7n 18
= 65
3n 8 12n d
= (h) Find the angle between the vectors with
7n 18 1
direction ratios proportional to (4, – 3, 5)
1 x– 1 x and (3, 4, 5).
dy
(e) Find if y = log Sol. a1 = 4, b1 = –3, c1 = 5 and a2 = 3, b2 = 4, c2= 5

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dx 1 x 1 x
12 ( 12) 25
1 x 1– x cos Q =
16 9 25 9 16 25
Sol. y = log
1 x 1– x
25
cos Q =
dy 1 x 1– x 50 50

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= log – log
dx 1 x 1– x
25
cos Q = 5
dy 1 x d 1 x 25 2
=
dx 1 x dx 1 x
1

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cos Q =
1– x d 1– x 2
–
1 – x dx 1– x 1
Q = cos + .
2
dy 1 x
= l 1 x
dx 1 x Q. 2. (a) Solve the following system of linear
equations using Cramer’s rule:
1– x
– l 1– x x + 2y – z = –1, 3x + 8y + 2z = 28,
1– x 4x + 9y + z = 14.
Sol. We have the linear equations
dx
(f) Evaluate : x + 2y – z = –1
2
x – 6 x 13 3x + 8y + 2z = 28
dx 4x + 9y + 2 = 14
Sol. I =  x 2  6 x +13 Determinant of order is 3

dx 1 2 –1
= 2 2  = 3 8 2
x –3 2
4 9 1
1  x – 3
= tan x C C2 C2 – 2C1 and C3 C3 + C1
2 2

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Sol. Evaluating the co-factors of the elements in

1 0 0 the first row of A, we get
 = 3 2 5
3 1 2 1
4 1 5 A11 = –1 1 1 = 2, A12 = (–1) –1 1 = –3,
  0
So equation has a unique solution and now we 2 3
have to evaluate x,y, and z. We have A13 = –1 –1 1 = 5

–1 2 –1
 A = a11 A11 + a12 A12 + a13 + A13
x = 28 8 2
= (1) (2) + (2) (– 3) + (5) (5)
14 9 1 = 21
On applying R2 – 2R1 and R3 + R1, we get Since A 0, A is invertible. Also
–1 2 –1 2 5 1 5
x = 26 12 0 A21 = (–1)3 = 3, A22 = (–1)4 =6
1 1 –1 1
13 11 0
1 2 2 5

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26 12 A23 = (–1)5 = –3, A31 = (–1)4 = –13
–1 1 3 1
=
13 11
1 5 1 2
= –130 A32 = (–1)5 = 9, A33 = (–1)6 = –1
Similarly y = 65 and z = 5 2 1 2 3
Now applying Cramer’s Rule

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x –130 A11 A 21 A31 2 3 –13
x = == – 26 A A A
5 Adj A= 12 22 32 = –3 6 9
y = 13, z = 1 A13 A23 A33 5 –3 –1
(b) Construct a (2  3) matrix whose elements

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aij is given by aij =
(i + j)2
2
.
A–1
1
= A Adj A =
2 3 –13
1 –3 6 9
21 5 –3 –1
Sol. Construct 2  3 matrix
a00 a01 a02 2 3 –13
[Mat] 2  3 = 21 21 21
a10 a11 a12 –3 6 9
= 21 21 21
2 5 –3 –1
(i j) 21 21 21
Given aij =
2
2 3 –13 1 2 5
21 21 21
0 1
2 2 –3 6 9 2 3 1
[Mat] 2  3 = = 21 21 21
1 2 9
2 2 5 –3 –1 –1 1 1
21 21 21

1 2 5
 2 21 6 2113 21 4 21 9 21 –13 21 10 21 3 21 –13
21

2 3 1  –3 12  9 –6 18  9 –15  6  19 
(c) Find the inverse of A = and
=
21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 
–1 1 1  5  6  1 10 – 9 –1 25 – –3 – 1
21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 
 
verify that A–1 A = 1.  

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Sol. ( = ( ( 

1 0 0 = (– [3x(
= 0 1 0
where +  = –b
a , = c
a
0 0 1
6 c2 z
= I 3. =  – b  –9 2  – b 
 a  9  a 
Q. 3. (a) Find the sum to n terms of the series
4 4 4 b6 9c 2 b 2
1+ .......... = –
5 52 53 a6 a2 a2
Sol. Here, a = 1, d = 3, b = 1, r = 1
15 –b6 9c 2 b 2
= –
a6 a4
3 1 1– 1 n –1
1 15 15
Sn = + – b 6 – 9a 2 c 2 b 2
1–115 1 – 15
2 =
a6

n
(d) Solve the inequality –3 < 4 – 7x < 18 and
1 graph the solution set.
1   n – 1 3   
Sol. –3 < 4 – 7x < 18

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–  15 
1 –3 – 4 < –7x < 18 + 4
1– –7 < –7x < 22
5
–7/7 < x < 22/7
n –1 n –1 < x < 22/7
5 15 1 5 1
= 4 16 1– 5 – 3n – 2 Therefore, set of the inequality is

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4 5
x –1 x 22 / 7 (–1, 22 / 7)
n –1
5 15 15 3n – 2 1
= – 1+ x –1
4 16 16 4 5 Q. 4. (a) Evaluate : lim
x

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x 0
n –1
35 –12n  7  1  1 x –1
=   Sol. Lim
16 16  5  x x0

(b) If 1, , 2 are three cube roots of unity, Put x = 0, then

show that 1 0 –1
= = 0
(2–) (2–2) (2–10) (2–11) = 49 0
Sol. Since 10 = (3)3 =
(b) A rock is thrown into a lake producing a
11 = (3)3 2=2
circular ripple. The radius of the ripple
Thus, (2 –) (2 –2) (2 –10) (2 –11)
is increasing at the rate of 3 m/s. How fast
= (2 –) (2 –2) (2 –) (2 –2)
is the area inside the ripple increasing
= [4 – 2 – 22 + 3]2
when the radius is 10 m.
= [4 – 2( + 2) + 1]2
Sol. We are given the rate of change of the radius
= [4 – 2(–1) + 1]2
and we are asked to find the rate of change of area.
= [7]2
Let r m be the radius and A square meters be the
= 49
area at time t. Thus
(c) If  and  are the roots of the equation A= r2
ax2 + bx + c = 0, a  0 find the value of Differentiating both sides with respect to t we
6 +  6. get

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dA A r a
= Sol. Required Area =4 a 2 – x 2 dx
b
dt r t
a
dr x 2 2 a2 x
= 2r =4 2 a x sin
rt 2 a 0

dr
where r = 10, = 3 a2
dt
= 4 0 2 sin(1) –(0 0)
A
Therefore, = 2 (10) (3)
t
a2 x
= 60 = 4   sin sin
2 2
Thus, the area increase at the rate of 60 sq.mts.
= a2
dx  
(c) Evaluate : 2
Q. 5. (a) If a = 5i – j – 3k and b = i + 3 j – 5k.
1 cos x    
Show that the vectors a + b and a – b
dx
Sol. I = are perpendicular.
1 cos 2 x 

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Sol. Given a = 5i – j – 3k
sec 2 x 
=  sec2 x + tan 2 x dx b = i + 3j – 5k
 
a b = (5i – j – 3k) + (i + 3j –5k)
sec2 x = 6i + 2j –8k
=  1+ tan 2 x + tan 2 x dx  

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a – b = (5i – j – 3k) – (i + 3j –5k)
Let tan x = t sec 2x dx = dt = 4i – 4j + 2k
So that
sec2 x    
=  1+ 2 tan 2 x dx a b a – b = (6i + 2j – 8k) – (4i – 4j + 2k)

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=
1+ 2
dt
2
= 24 – 8 – 16
=0
   
Therefore a b and a – b are perpendicular
1 dt
vectors.
= 2 2
1 2 t2 (b) Find the angle between the vectors
5i + 3j + 4k and 6i – 8j – k.
1 dt 
= Sol. a = 5i + 3j + 4k
2 1
2
t2 
2 b = 6i – 8j – k

1 t a = 25 9 16 = 5 2
= 2 tan c
2 1 
2 b = 36 64 1 = 101
1  
= tan x tan x 2  c a b = 30 – 24 – 4 = 2
2
Therefore,
(d) Find the area enclosed by the circle 2
x 2 + y 2 = a 2. cos Q =
5 2 101

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2 10 – 5 x
= y =
5 202 2

2 x 0 1 2 3
Q = cosx . y 5 5/2 0 –5/2
5 202
(c) Solve the following LPP graphically:
Maximize : z = 5x + 3y
Subject to : 3x + 5y < 15
5x + 2y < 10
x, y > 0
Sol. z = 5x + 3y
(i) 3x + 5y < 15
5y = 15 –3x
15 – 3 x
y =
5

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x 0 1 2 3
y 3 12/5 9/5 6/5 Z= 5x+3y
Z= 5  1 + 3  2.5
(ii) 5x + 2y < 10 Z= 5 + 7.5
2y = 10 –5x Z= 12.5

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