1.

Descriptive Toxicology: Descriptive toxicology involves the identification and characterization of toxic
substances, their sources, routes of exposure, and effects on living organisms. It focuses on
understanding the toxic properties of various chemicals and compounds.

2. Mechanistic Toxicology: Mechanistic toxicology aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by

which toxic substances exert their harmful effects on cells, tissues, and organs. It involves studying the
biochemical and physiological processes involved in toxic responses.

3. Analytical Toxicology: Analytical toxicology focuses on the detection, quantification, and identification
of toxic substances in biological samples, environmental samples, and various matrices. It involves the
use of analytical techniques such as chromatography, mass spectrometry, and immunoassays.

4. Regulatory Toxicology: Regulatory toxicology deals with the establishment of safety guidelines, risk
assessments, and regulations for the use of chemicals and substances in various applications. It plays a
crucial role in ensuring public health and environmental safety.

5. Clinical Toxicology: Clinical toxicology involves the diagnosis, treatment, and management of
poisoning and toxic exposures in individuals. It focuses on understanding the signs and symptoms of
toxicity, toxicokinetics, and providing medical care to individuals affected by toxic substances.