1.

Cardiac Failure
Weight Monitoring:

 Teach the client to measure and record daily weights.

 Report unexplained weight gain of 3-5 pounds, as it may indicate worsening heart failure.

Mnemonic: Watch, Record, Alert (WRA)

Diet:

 Restrict sodium to reduce fluid overload.

 Consume potassium-rich foods to replenish losses from medications.

 Follow salt-limiting measures advised by the healthcare provider.

 Limit processed foods.

 Avoid adding salt to food; use herbs for seasoning.

 Manage liquid intake.

 Restrict alcohol to recommended levels.

 Request no added salt when dining out.

Mnemonic: SAP LAD (Sodium, Add herbs, Processed foods Limit, Alcohol Limit, Dining out request)

Activity:

 Engage in simple activities like walking or gardening.

 Exercise regularly for improved well-being.

 Progress may be slow initially; rest as needed.

 Stop activity if experiencing chest pain, lightheadedness, or shortness of breath.

Mnemonic: WER (Walk, Exercise, Rest)

Tobacco:

 Quit smoking to improve heart health.

 Smoking harms blood vessels, worsening heart failure.

Mnemonic: Quit Smoking (QS)

Medication Regime:

 Emphasize the importance of following all medication instructions.

Mnemonic: Take Meds Right (TMR)

Follow-Up Care:

 Attend follow-up appointments as instructed.

 Schedule appointments for checkups and lab tests.

 Follow up within 7 days after hospital discharge, depending on the heart failure type and severity.

Mnemonic: AFC (Appointments, Follow-up, Checkups)

2. Acute Myocardial Infarction

1.Exercise:

 Follow healthcare provider's recommendations for an exercise program.

 Warm up for 5 to 10 minutes before and cool down after exercising.

Mnemonic: WARM-UP (Workout Advice, Recommendations, Minutes - 5 to 10, Usage of program, Post-
exercise cool down)
 2.Diet:

 Consult with a registered dietitian for necessary changes.

 Adjustments may include reducing fat, cholesterol, and sodium intake.

 Increase fresh vegetables, fruits, and lean proteins.

 Use low-fat dairy, limited vegetable/nut oils, and avoid fried or greasy foods.

 Limit sweets, processed foods, and frequency of eating out.

Mnemonic: FRESH CUT (Fat, Reduce, Eat, Sweets, High-fat foods, Control, Utensils, Tidbits)

3.Cardiac Rehabilitation:

 Understand and participate in the prescribed cardiac rehabilitation program.

 Medically supervised to enhance heart recovery and daily functioning.

Mnemonic: CARDIAC (Counseling, Activities, Recovery, Doctor's supervision, Improvement, Adaptation, Care)

4.Medication Regime:

 Follow the prescribed medication regime.

 Identify and report any side effects promptly.

 Provide written instructions for future reference.

Mnemonic: MEDS (Medication, Effects, Directions, Side effects)

5.Immediate Reporting:

 Stress the importance of immediate reporting for chest pain or signs of decreased CO2.

Mnemonic: ACT NOW (Alert, Chest pain, Timely reporting, Notify, Observation, Warnings)

3. Acute Pulmonary Failure

1.Quit Smoking:

 Emphasize the importance of quitting smoking for improved heart health.

Mnemonic: QUIT (Quit Unhealthy Inhalation Today)

2.Protect Yourself from Infection:

 Wash hands regularly.

 Get a yearly flu shot.

Mnemonic: WIG (Wash hands, Infection protection, Get shot)

3.Weight Monitoring:

 Teach daily weight measurement.

 Report unexplained 3-5 pound weight gain promptly.

Mnemonic: WMR (Weigh, Measure, Report)

4.Diet:

 Follow sodium restriction for fluid control.

 Consume potassium-rich foods for medication-related losses.

 Do not restrict water intake unless directed.

Mnemonic: SODA-W (Sodium, Overload, Diet, Add Potassium, Water)

5.Medication Regime:

 Stress the importance of adhering to all medication instructions.

Mnemonic: MED-INFO (Medication, Follow, Instructions, Notifications, Importance, Follow-through, Order)

6.Head Elevation:

 Maintain the head elevation of at least 45 degrees.

 Aids chest expansion and fluid mobilization.

Mnemonic: HEAD (Head Elevation And Drain)

4. Stroke
1.Thinking and Speaking:

 Use Velcro instead of buttons and zippers for easy clothing handling.

 Place all buttons and zippers on the front of clothing.

 Opt for pullover clothes and slip-on shoes for simplicity.

Mnemonic: V-PASS (Velcro, Place front, Pullover, Avoid zippers, Slip-on shoes)

2.Avoid Constipation:

 Increase fluid intake.

 Stay active or become more active.

 Consume fiber-rich foods.

Mnemonic: FAS (Fluids, Active, Fiber)

3.Medication:

 Fill all prescriptions before leaving.

 Take medicines as prescribed; consult the provider before adding any other substances.

Mnemonic: FILT (Fill prescriptions, Instructed, Liquidate others, Take as prescribed)

5. Acute Renal Failure

- Dietary and fluid restrictions, including those that may be continued after discharge

- Nutrition: Your healthcare provider may tell you to eat food low in sodium (salt), potassium, phosphorus, or
protein. A dietitian can help you plan your meals.

- Signs of complications such as fluid volume excess, CHF, and hyperkalemia

- Monitor weight, blood pressure, pulse, and urine output

- Avoid neprotoxic drugs and substances: NSAIDs, some antibiotics, radiologic contrast media, and heavy
metals; consult care provider prior to taking any care provider prior to taking any OTC drugs OTC drugs

- Recovery of renal function requires up to 1 year; during this period, nephrons are vulnerable to damage from
nephrotoxins

6. Increased Intracranial Pressure

1.Strain Avoidance:

 Avoid coughing, nose blowing, straining for bowel movements, pushing against bed rails, and
isometric exercises.

Mnemonic: S - Strain Avoidance

2.Alignment Maintenance:

 Maintain neutral head and neck alignment.

Mnemonic: A - Alignment Maintenance

3.Family Environment:

 Encourage a quiet environment with minimal stimuli.

Mnemonic: F - Family Environment

4.Upsetting Awareness:

 Educate the family about the potential for increased ICP when upsetting the client.

Mnemonic: E - Upsetting Awareness

7. Metabolic Emergencies (DKA/HHNK)

DKA
Mnemonic: TTTEE
1.Take Medicines Timely:

 Take insulin and other diabetes medicines on time and in the right dose.

Mnemonic: T1 - Take Medicines Timely

2.Test Blood Sugar:

 Test blood sugar before meals and at bedtime, or as advised by your doctor.

Mnemonic: T2 - Test Blood Sugar

3.Teach Others:

 Teach others at work and at home how to check your blood sugar. Ensure someone else knows
how to do it in case you can't.

Mnemonic: T3 - Teach Others

4.Eat Regularly:

 Eat regular meals that spread your calories and carbohydrates throughout the day to keep blood
sugar steady.

Mnemonic: E - Eat Regularly

HHNK

- - Instruct client and family about HHNK, symptoms to report, and administration of new medications

- Provide patient and family education to foster prevention of future episodes

8. Massive Bleeding

- Explain procedures to the client

- Support the family by explaining emergency measures and interventions

- Instructions on monitoring vital signs at home, including heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate.

- Understanding prescribed medications and their role in preventing or managing bleeding.

- Importance of attending follow-up appointments with healthcare providers.

9. Extensive Burns
1.Safety Precautions:

 Environmental safety measures: Low water heater temperature, secure electrical cords/outlets,
isolate chemicals, and avoid smoking in bed.

Mnemonic: SAFE (Safety, Access, Flammables, Evacuation)

2.Alarm Maintenance:

 Use household smoke detectors, emphasizing regular maintenance.

Mnemonic: D - Detector Maintenance

3.Fire Safety:
  Proper storage and use of flammable substances.

Mnemonic: E - Fire Safety

4.Evacuation Plan:

 Develop and practice a family evacuation plan.

Mnemonic: E - Evacuation Plan

5.At-Home Burn Care:

 Guidelines for caring for burns at home.

Mnemonic: AT-HOME (At-home, Temperature, Healing, Ointments, Moisturize, Elevate)

6.Diet Instructions:

 Resume usual diet and maintain a well-balanced diet.

Mnemonic: EAT (Eat, Adequate, Take care)

7.Avoid Sun Exposure:

 When outdoors, use SPF 15 or greater sunscreen, wear protective clothing, apply 30 minutes
before sun exposure, and reapply every 30 minutes if perspiring.

Mnemonic: SUN (Sunscreen, Use protective clothing, No sunburn)

8.Prescriptions for Burn Care:

 Understand and follow prescriptions related to burn care.

10. Poisoning
- Assist the client and family in seeking the appropriate referrals and provide client education to further
complications or incidence of overdose

- Ensure that the client and family understand discharge instruction for follow up care or reason for admission

- Securely store medications, household cleaners, and chemicals out of reach of children and pets.

-Teach basic first aid measures, such as removing contaminated clothing, rinsing the skin or eyes with water,
and seeking fresh air.

-Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by a healthcare professional or Poison Control.

11. Multiple Injuries

1.Wound Care:

 Keep wounds clean and dry.

 Change dressings as instructed.

 Watch for signs of infection.

Mnemonic: WCD (Wound, Clean, Dressing change)

2.Pain Management:

 Take prescribed pain medications.

 Use ice or heat packs as recommended.

 Follow OTC pain relief guidelines if advised.

Mnemonic: PUF (Prescribed, Use ice, Follow)

3.Activity Restrictions:

 Limit physical activities based on severity.

 Follow weight-bearing restrictions.

  Use assistive devices if prescribed.

Mnemonic: LUF (Limit, Understand, Follow)

4.Medications:

 Take prescribed medications.

 Follow instructions for antibiotics or other medications.

Mnemonic: TM (Take, Medications)

5.Follow-up Appointments:

 Schedule and attend follow-up appointments.

 Understand the purpose and preparations.

Mnemonic: SAF (Schedule, Attend, Follow)

6.Physical Therapy/Rehabilitation:

 Follow prescribed physical therapy or rehabilitation exercises.

 Gradually increase activity levels under guidance.

Mnemonic: PTR (Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation)

7.Nutrition:

 Follow dietary recommendations for healing and overall health.

Mnemonic: FN (Follow, Nutrition)

8.Signs of Complications:

 Be aware of signs of complications.

 Seek medical attention promptly for unexpected symptoms.

Mnemonic: SCN (Complications, Seek, Notice)

9.Assistance at Home:

 Arrange for help at home if needed.

 Ensure a safe and accessible home environment.

Mnemonic: AFH (Assistance, Home)

References:
https://www.scribd.com/doc/55354481/Acute-Biologic-Crisis
https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/discharge-instructions-heart-failure
https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/discharge-instructions/stroke-discharge
https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=tw12221
https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/discharge-instructions-copd
https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/discharge-instructions/stroke-discharge
https://www.drugs.com/cg/acute-kidney-injury-discharge-care.html
https://uihc.org/educational-resources/home-care-instructions-burns