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The following table provides the most recent firmware and software versions. For best
results, the Configurator version used should match with the firmware version. A complete
list of firmware and software versions is provided on the 70 Series Utilities CD.
Firmware Versions
Bios DSP Host Utilities Release
Description Version Firmware Firmware Configurator CD Date
M870 Family
Mx7x Product Release,
New Hardware supported
Dual Bus, Analog I/O 2.1/3.0* 1.210 2.050 2.31 2.43 03/24/06
Mx7x Updated Release 2.1/3.0* " 2.060 2.32 2.44 04/14/06
Mx7x Updated Release 2.1/3.0* 1.240 2.120 2.39 2.50 10/01/06
M87x Updated Release 2.1/3.0* 1.240 2.150 2.41 2.52 12/18/06
M87x Product Release, Fault
Location, Adjustable Sample
Rate 3.4 1.30 2.170 2.43 2.56 12/21/07
M87x Product Release; Add
Demand per phase for Watts,
VAr, & VA. Configurator &
Biview improvements w/
modems. Change to Digital
I/O default watchdog contact
(Configurator setup; not
firmware dependent).
Support new version of
hardware on P3x, P4x
modules. 3.40 1.30 2.18 3.00A 2.57 10/17/08
M87x Product Release:
Added 1mHz accuracy on
M87x. Improved poll rate from
500ms to 100ms for a single
P40 transducer inputs module
(M87x). Fault distance
configuration is changed.
Time sync with respect to
DNP master is changed from
the DNP master jamming the
time to asking the master
what time to jam. Increased
waveform recording limit from
999 post trigger for longer
recording. 3.40 1.31 2.19 3.02 2.58 09/30/2009
M87x Product Release,
IEC61850 & SNTP; Avg 3-Ph
Amps and Avg 3-Ph Volts 3.40 1.30 3.01.0 3.01 3.01 1/30/2009
Bitronics LLC certifies that the calibration of our products is based on measurements using
equipment whose calibration is traceable to the United States National Institute of
Standards Technology (NIST).
Bitronics LLC products are designed for ease of installation and maintenance. As with any
product of this nature, installation and maintenance can present electrical hazards and
should be performed only by properly trained and qualified personnel. If the equipment is
used in a manner not specified by Bitronics LLC, the protection provided by the equipment
may be impaired.
This product is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of
thirty-six (36) months from the date of their original shipment from the factory. Products
repaired at the factory are likewise warranted for eighteen (18) months from the date the
repaired product is shipped, or for the remainder of the product's original warranty,
whichever is greater. Obligation under this warranty is limited to repairing or replacing, at
our designated facility, any part or parts that our examination shows to be defective.
Warranties only apply to products subject to normal use and service. There are no
warranties, obligations, liabilities for consequential damages, or other liabilities on the part
of Bitronics LLC except this warranty covering the repair of defective materials. The
warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are expressly excluded.
Telephone: 610.997.5100
Fax: 610.997.5450
Email: bitronics@novatechps.com
Website: www.novatechweb.com/bitronics
Shipping:
This manual is copyrighted and all rights are reserved. The distribution and sale of this
manual is intended for the use of the original purchaser or his agents. This document may
not, in whole or part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated or reduced to any
electronic medium or machine-readable form without prior consent of Bitronics LLC, except
for use by the original purchaser.
The product described by this manual contains hardware and software that is protected by
copyrights owned by one or more of the following entities:
TRADEMARKS
The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of the DNP User's Group:
DNP DNP3
The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of the Electric Power Research
Institute (EPRI):
UCA UCA2
The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of the PCI Industrial Computer
Manufacturers Group:
CompactPCI PICMG the CompactPCI logo the PICMG logo
This Safety Section should be read before commencing any work on the equipment.
The information in the Safety Section of the product documentation is intended to ensure
that products are properly installed and handled in order to maintain them in a safe
condition. It is assumed that everyone who will be associated with the equipment will be
familiar with the contents of the Safety Section.
The meaning of symbols and labels that may be used on the equipment or in the product
documentation is given below.
Equipment connections
If there is unlocked access to the equipment, care should be taken by all personnel to
avoid electric shock or energy hazards.
Before energizing the equipment, it must be grounded (earthed) using the protective
ground (earth) terminal, or the appropriate termination of the supply plug in the case of
plug connected equipment. Omitting or disconnecting the equipment ground (earth) may
cause a safety hazard.
The recommended minimum ground (earth) wire size is 2.5 mm2 (#12 AWG), unless
otherwise stated in the technical data section of the product documentation.
The equipment should be operated within the specified electrical and environmental limits.
Do not open the secondary circuit of a live CT since the high voltage produced may be
lethal to personnel and could damage insulation.
Battery replacement
Where internal batteries are fitted, they should be replaced with the recommended type
and be installed with the correct polarity, to avoid possible damage to the equipment.
Internal battery is 3v lithium coin cell, Panasonic BR2330.
Insulation testing may leave capacitors charged up to a hazardous voltage. At the end of
each part of the test, the voltage should be gradually reduced to zero, to discharge
capacitors, before the test leads are disconnected.
All M87x active circuitry is located on removable modules. Unless a Module is specifically
intended for Hot Swap (see documentation), it must not be inserted into or withdrawn from
equipment while it is energized, since this may result in damage. Hot Swap modules may
be installed and removed under power. Refer to the appropriate section or manual to
determine if the particular module is Hot Swap compatible. For all other modules,
remove all power from the unit before installing or removing any module.
All Hazardous Voltages MUST be removed from the M87x before removing or
installing the Power Supply Module (Vxx) or the Signal Input Module (S1x).
All connections to a module must be removed before removing the module. Do not
attempt to install a module with signals connected.
Where fiber optic communication devices are fitted, these should not be viewed directly.
Optical power meters should be used to determine the operation or signal level of the
device.
1. Decommissioning
The auxiliary supply circuit in the equipment may include capacitors across the
supply or to ground (earth). To avoid electric shock or energy hazards, after
completely isolating the supplies to the relay (both poles of any dc supply), the
capacitors should be safely discharged via the external terminals before
decommissioning.
2. Disposal
1.1 Introduction
The P20 CompactPCITM Modbus Plus Module plugs directly into the
backplane of the M87x. The module is fully compliant with CompactPCITM
specifications, and complies with Hot Swap specifications. The front panel
contains a DB9 Modbus Plus connector, Modbus Plus Status LED, address
DIP switch, and a blue Hot Swap LED.
1.2 Features
Modbus Plus
Hot Swap: Complies with Hot Swap specification PICMG 2.1 R1.0 for
Basic Hot Swap (requires Host Processor re-boot)
1.4 Environmental:
1.5 Physical:
Use shielded twisted pair cable, Belden 9841 or equivalent. At the DB9 Modbus Plus port,
install snap-on ferrite (Fair-Rite #0461164181 or equivalent) onto the Modbus Plus cable
by wrapping the cable through the ferrite opening two times before snapping the ferrite
closed.
1.7 Description
The Modbus Plus network connection is made via the DB-9 connector on the front of the
module. The DB-9 is connected directly to the Modbus Plus circuit board, which also
contains transformer and capacitive isolation of the Modbus Plus cable from the
transducer. The shield of the Modbus Plus cable is connected to CHASSIS GROUND
through a transient protection network.
Status of the Modbus Plus network at this node is indicated by the Diagnostic Status LED
that is visible through the hole on the front panel of the transducer. Section 2.10 describes
the operation of the Diagnostic Status LED.
The Module is "Basic" Hot Swap compatible, which means that the card can be inserted or
removed while the M87x is powered. The Host Processor must be reset after the module
is inserted.
1. Unscrew the M2.5 Phillips front panel screw (note that this is a captive screw). The
screw in the handle has been left out intentionally.
2. Pull the red sliding release tab up and outward until handle is unlocked.
3. Push the handle downward (when viewed from the front) to lever out the module.
4. Once the module is disengaged from the backplane connector, carefully withdraw
the module.
5. Be extremely careful when handling the module, especially the backplane
connector.
1. Make sure the red sliding release tab is fully extended from the handle, and that the
handle is in the downward position (when viewed from the front).
2. Line up the module with the card guides in the appropriate position.
3. Use the handle to lever the module into the housing.
4. When the module is fully engaged, tighten the M2.5 Phillips front panel screw. The
screw in the handle has been left out intentionally.
5. Reset the Host Processor: use a pen, small screwdriver, or other small object to
push the recessed RESET button on the front of the Host Processor module.
2.1 Description
The Modbus Plus network is a local area network originally designed for industrial control
applications, which has been successfully applied to a wide range of utility applications.
The network enables programmable controllers, host computers, MMIs and a wide variety
of other devices (such as M871, PowerPlex, and MultiComm instruments) to communicate
throughout an industrial plant or substation. The network supports up to 64 addressable
node devices at a data rate of 1 million bits per second. Up to 32 devices can connect
directly to the network cable (shielded twisted pair) over a length of 1500 feet (450
meters). Repeater devices are used to extend the cable distance to 6000 feet (1800
meters) and up to the full 64 node devices.
The network is a physical bus; all nodes are attached to the same cable. At each end of
the cable is a terminator. This terminator prevents unwanted electrical reflections of the
signal sent on the network cable. Modicon sells Modbus Plus cable connectors that come
in two types. Inline connectors are dark gray in color and are used in the middle of a
Modbus Plus network cable. Special terminating connectors are light gray and contain the
terminator used at both ends of the Modbus Plus cable.
Multiple Modbus Plus networks can be joined through Bridge Plus or similar devices.
Messages originating at a node on one network can be routed through one or more
bridges to a destination node on another network. Data is passed through bridges to other
networks only when needed.
Logically the network is a ring, more specifically called a token ring. Network nodes are
identified by addresses assigned by the user. Each node’s address is independent of its
physical site location. Addresses are within the range of 1 to 64 decimal, and do not have
to be sequential. Duplicate addresses are not allowed.
Network nodes function as peer members of a logical ring, gaining access to the network
upon receipt of a token frame. The token is a grouping of bits that is passed in a rotating
address sequence from one node to another. Where multiple networks are joined by a
bridge or bridges, the token is not passed through the bridge device. Each network
maintains its own token rotation sequence independently of the other networks.
While holding the token, a node initiates message transactions with other nodes. Each
message contains routing fields that define the source and destination, including its routing
path through bridges to the final destination node on a remote network.
When passing the token, a node can write into a global database that is broadcast to all
nodes on the network. Each node has a maximum of 32 global registers (16-bits each)
that it can write. Global data is transmitted as a field within the token frame. Other nodes
monitor the token pass and can extract the global data. Each node therefore maintains its
own copy of the global database (64 nodes x 32 global registers/node), which allows for
rapid updating of alarms, set points and other data. Each network maintains its own
unique global database, as the token is not passed through a bridge to another network.
For more information, the manual "MODICON MODBUS PLUS NETWORK PLANNING
AND INSTALLATION GUIDE" may be found at:
The Modbus Plus implementation in the M87x conforms to all standard Modbus Plus
specifications and capabilities, such as maximum nodes, distance, signal sensitivity, etc.
The M87x is classified as a HOST-BASED DEVICE in the Modbus Plus structure. Of all of
the data items that are available from the M87x, 32 can be obtained over the Modbus Plus
Network via GLOBAL DATA. Global Data is a common database shared by all nodes on a
MODBUS PLUS network. Any of the registers can be read directly by issuing a READ
HOLDING REGISTERS command from the requesting node.
The MODBUS PLUS routing address is 5 bytes long. This allows for communications over
one or more Bridge Plus devices that connect two separate MODBUS PLUS networks
together. Because the M87x is a HOST-BASED DEVICE, the Modbus Plus address must
contain two routing addresses. The next-to-last NON-ZERO byte is the PHYSICAL
ADDRESS (1-64) of the meter. The last NON-ZERO byte in the routing field is the TASK
PATH NUMBER (1-8) inside the instrument. If you are familiar with addressing Modicon
PLCs you will notice that the routing path is slightly different. When addressing PLCs it is
not necessary to specify a task path number in the routing field. This is because the task
path number is automatically selected inside a PLC designated device. In a HOST
designated device, the task path number is NOT automatically selected, so it is necessary
to specify it in the routing address field. Since the address of the meter and the task
number each require 1 byte of information, the remaining 3 bytes allow for communications
through one, two or three Bridge Plus devices.
When reading M87x registers from different requesting devices, it is recommended to use
a different task path number for each of the separate requesting devices. This will prevent
contention when the two requesting devices try to read the device at the same time.
The M87x completes a comprehensive set of calculations approximately every cycle and
completes a set of volt and amp calculations every quarter-cycle. At the completion of the
quarter-cycle calculation, the HOST processor updates the GLOBAL DATA in the
NETWORK processor. Therefore, the GLOBAL DATA registers are updated every
quarter-cycle. The HOST processor also services any pending transactions on the eight
task paths. These task paths are serviced via interrupt requests generated by the Modbus
Plus Network processor.
The M87x contains a set of holding registers (4XXXX) into which the instrument places
values that correspond to the measurements the instrument is making. These holding
registers can be read by any other device on the network using a READ HOLDING
REGISTER command.
The M87x also writes up to 32 configurable words to the Modbus Plus GLOBAL DATA
SPACE. Every node on this network maintains this data in its own memory. The global
data is accessed by using the MSTR function block (in a PLC). Users of other devices are
advised to refer to their specific user's guide to determine how their device handles
GLOBAL DATA. GLOBAL DATA is not transmitted across BRIDGES, nor is it transmitted
to Modbus devices connected via a BRIDGE-PLUS.
For both GLOBAL DATA and HOLDING REGISTER DATA, the Health Check Register
should always be read and checked before interpreting data, since some failure modes will
cause erroneous data to be presented. For conversion of the register data into
ENGINEERING UNITS, please refer to Section 2.7. For specifics concerning the correct
command and its implementation, users are directed to the M87x User Manual for the
specific device that will request the data. Listed in section 2.5.1 are the register
assignments for the 70 SERIES IEDs when using the Configurable or Single Feeder
Configurable (SFC) selection (used for M871). Appendix A provides the Legacy or
Bitronics Legacy Fixed (BiLF) register set. NOTE: The 70 Series IEDs have a total of up
to 6 different register sets (depending upon Configurator and firmware versions). A
summary of the assignments for each of these six register sets is provided in Appendix B.
Please refer to the 70 Series Configurator Modbus Register tab and click on the various
options in the “Register Set” section to see register assignment details. For Configurator
versions 2.27 or higher, the Register Sets on the left side of the box in the Modbus
Register Screen are all fixed sets whereas the ones on the right side of the box are all
configurable to varying degrees (some have a fixed portion followed by a section where
the user can select any of the measurements available in the 70 Series IEDs). Note also
that unless otherwise specified, all points are READ ONLY.
Unless otherwise noted, all references to specific registers and calculation types in this
section refer to the M87x register list.
The M87x is capable of internally storing and recalling CT and VT ratios. The CT and VT
ratios are written to registers 40060 through 40083 over the Modbus Plus communication
port, and are stored in non-volatile memory on the CT/VT Module. Each ratio is stored in
two registers, one for the Normalized Ratio and the other for the Ratio Divisor. Allowable
constants for the normalized ratios are 1000 to 9999. The Ratio Divisors may be 1, 10,
100, or 1000 only. The number stored will be the high side rating of the CT Ratio or VT
Ratio. Both a 500:5 ratio CT and a 100:1 CT will have a value of 100 stored. For
example, to calculate a CT and VT ratio for Phase A from the data stored in the M87x, use
the following equation:
The M87x calculates all measured quantities in PRIMARY UNITS, unlike other Bitronics
instruments (MultiComm and PowerPlex). The CT and VT ratio information (registers
40060 through 40083) is used to calculate these primary values.
Note that the Full Scale Integer Value of current and voltage reported by the M87x
over Modbus Plus can be changed, see Section 2.6.2
In the event of a CT/VT Ratio Checksum Failure, the value in the Normalized CT Ratio and
Normalized VT Ratio registers default to 1000, and the value in the CT Ratio Divisor and
VT Ratio Divisor default to 1000. This results in a 1:1 CT Ratio and 1:1 VT Ratio.
As detailed in Section 2.6, the data in the M87x Modbus registers is in NORMALIZED 2'S
COMPLEMENT format. Measurements presented in this format do not have as much
resolution as the M87x internal register values. Because of the wide dynamic range of the
M87x inputs, the default full-scale integer representation of measurement values is a
compromise that has been selected to accommodate typical system signal levels, while
giving reasonable resolution. The maximum (or full scale) integer value that can be
reported corresponds to some particular level of Amperes, Volts, Watts, etc.
The maximum full scale integer value of Amperes and Volts in the NORMALIZED 2'S
COMPLEMENT format can be changed by means of the Current Scale Factor and Voltage
Scale Factor (ISCALE FACTOR and VSCALE FACTOR), which are modified by writing to the
Normalized Scale Factor and Scale Factor Divisor (40056 to 40059) registers. These
Quantity Default
Full Scale
Phase Current 10
Neutral Current 15
Voltages 150
Per-Phase Power (Watt, VAR, VA) 1500
Total Power (Watt, VAR, VA) 4500
The Current and Voltage Scale Factors are written to registers 40056 through 40059 and
are stored in non-volatile memory on the M87x's Host CPU Board. Each Scale Factor is
stored in two registers, one for the Normalized Scale Factor, and the other for the Scale
Factor Divisor. Allowable constants for Normalized Scale Factors are 1000 to 9999. The
Scale Factor Divisors may be 1, 10, 100, or 1000 only.
For example, the default full-scale value of voltage (registers 40008 to 40021) is 150V, the
default value of the Normalized Voltage Scale Factor (40056) is 1000, and the default
value of the Voltage Scale Factor Divisor (40057) is 1000. Assume a system with a 1:1 VT
Ratio. If it is desired to change the full-scale representation of volts to 300V (to
accommodate a 208V input, for instance), change the value of the Normalized Voltage
Scale Factor (40056) to 2000.
Value 2000
VOLTAGE Phase A B 150 300V
32768 1000
Note that since VSCALE FACTOR = 2, the values represented by the power quantity registers
will also be doubled.
Note that the full-scale representation of all the Voltage measurements will also change.
The scaling for Power quantities cannot be set independently, but will be the product of the
Voltage and Current Scale Factors.
Consider a system with a 2000:5 (400:1) CT, on which it is desired to measure the Phase
A amperes. The Normalized CT Ratio (40060) would be set to 4000, the CT Ratio Divisor
(40061) to 10. With the default settings for the Current Scale Factor, the maximum
register value of "32767" would yield:
In other words, the integer value for Amperes would be at a maximum with only 10A
flowing through the system primary conductors. To compensate for this, set the ISCALE
FACTOR equal to the CTRATIO. The Normalized Current Scale Factor (40058) would be set to
4000, and the Current Scale Factor Divisor (40059) to 10. If the maximum value of
"32767" is returned in register 40003, it is converted to Amperes as follows:
If it is known that the maximum current on the circuit is not this high, and it is desired to set
the full scale representation to 1200A for added resolution, the Normalized Current Scale
Factor (40058) could be set to 1200, and the Current Scale Factor Divisor (40059) to 10.
The maximum value returned (32767) would then be equal to:
The Energy and Demand registers can be RESET by writing a non-zero value to the
appropriate Holding Registers. Writing a non-zero value to the Recorder Registers will
trigger a waveform or disturbance record. All of these registers are user-defined, that is
they are not part of the default M87x register set.
The M87x provides a "TAG" register for user identification purposes. This register is a
READ/WRITE register that allows the user to write a number from 1 to 65,535 in the tag
register.
The M87x can be configured to use one of several different methods to calculate Total
VAs. Refer to the M87x User Manual for an explanation of the different calculation types.
The VA Calculation Type register (40054) is a READ/WRITE register.
As was mentioned in Section 2.5, the majority of the data is stored in a NORMALIZED 2'S
COMPLEMENT format. When displaying these values at another location, it may be
desirable to convert this format into ENGINEERING UNITS. This conversion is readily
accomplished using the following simple scaling equations:
The Value referred to in the equations would be the value stored in the register that you
wished to convert to engineering units. For example if you wanted to convert Phase A
Amperes into engineering units, Value would be the value in 40003.
ENERGY is stored as 32-BIT values in static COUNTER registers. Energy values are in
units of PRIMARY kWh or kVARh.
FREQUENCY is stored as a single binary value that is the actual frequency times 100.
POWER FACTOR is stored as the value times 1000. Negative power factors indicate that
the VARs are positive. The sign of the Power Factor is the inversion of the Exclusive-OR
of the Watts and VARs (i.e. if either the Watts or VARs are negative, then the Power
Factor will be negative).
The above equations provide answers in fundamental units (VOLTs, AMPs, WATTs,
VARs, VAs and Hz). If the user desires other units such as KILOVOLTS, KILOWATTS or
KILOVARS, the answers given by the equations should be divided by 1,000. If the user
desires MEGAWATTS or MEGAVARS, the answers given by the equations should be
divided by 1,000,000. Energy values are in units of kWh or kVARh.
The M87x is shipped with a pre-defined set of registers and data types. These fixed
registers do not change, but may be augmented by adding additional registers (and their
data type) from the master listing. The List of Available Measurements may be found in
the M87x User Manual. The 70 Series Configurator is required to modify the registers.
For users who wish to use the M87x on systems configured for other Bitronics products, a
legacy register list may be selected. When selected, the legacy register list will be
substituted for the M87x fixed registers. This legacy register list cannot be modified and
will cause the M87x to emulate the response of a Bitronics MultiComm or PowerPlex
product. The Bitronics Legacy register list can be found in appendix A. To use the M87x
with a Bitronics Analog Output Converter (AOC), model NAO8101 or NAO8102, it will be
necessary to select the legacy registers.
NOTE: THE MODBUS AND MODBUS PLUS REGISTER SETS ARE ALWAYS THE
SAME – THEY CANNOT BE CHANGED INDEPENDENTLY.
By default, the M87x Global Data registers are undefined. The Global Data Registers can
be defined by using the 70 Series Configurator. When the alternate Bitronics Legacy
Modbus / Modbus Plus register set is selected, the fixed Global Data Register set is used.
This Legacy Global Data Register list cannot be changed and is defined in Section 2.5.1c.
Pre-defined status registers are used to indicate the current state for each of the various
time synchronization methods possible on the 70 Series IEDs. These registers appear in
the Bitronics Advanced Fixed (BAF) and Harmonic Advance Fixed (HAF) register sets.
The 70 Series Configurator allows the user to modify the configuration of time sync
parameters.
The following time sync registers will return status values of ‘0’ if a time sync master is
inactive and ‘1’ if a time sync master is active:
IRIG-B Time Sync, (UCA) Network Time Sync, SNTP Time Sync, DNP Time Sync.
The M87x or M57x determines the ‘Best Clock Source’ and returns a value to indicate the
master that is synchronizing the time. This is based upon which time sync masters are
active as determined from the Time Sync Registers and whatever time sync master takes
priority.
Refer to the IED User Manuals (M87x or M57x) for additional information on Time Sync
clock source priority.
The M87x has several self-tests built in to assure that the instrument is performing
accurately. The results of these self-tests are available in the Health Check register
(40001 and 40002), which are two simple 16-bit binary values. Each bit represents the
results of a particular self-test, with "0" indicating the test was passed, and "1" indicating
the test was failed. The definitions of the various self-tests are described in the M87x User
Manual. The following table lists possible faults that would be detected by the self-tests,
how the fault is indicated, the effects of the fault and any necessary corrective actions.
The Modbus Plus Diagnostic LED is an indicator that shows the type of communications
activity on the Modbus Plus port. The Diagnostic LED is a green indicator that is located
on the front panel. A specific flash pattern indicates the nature of the Modbus Plus
communication activity as listed below:
The M87x provides a Heartbeat State Counter Register that allows the user to determine
the time between successive polls. This counter will increment by the number of
milliseconds that have elapsed since the last time the data was updated. Another use of
this register is as a visual indicator that the data is changing. It allows users of certain
MMIs to identify disruption in the polling of the instrument. The Heartbeat State Counter is
a full 16-bit counter that rolls over at 65535 (65.535 seconds). The counter starts at zero
on power-up, and is NOT stored in non-volatile memory.
M87x instruments provide a "Meter Type ID" register for model identification purposes
(40055 for M87x default register set). This register is preprogrammed at the factory to 402
for the M87x.
When connected to 2 Element (DELTA or 3-wire) systems, the Per-Element quantities may have no direct physical meaning.