Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the exploitation of such work for a profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (e.g., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks,
etc.) included in the activity sheets are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort
has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from the respective
copyright owners. The authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Management Team Romeo O. Approvechar, PhD, CESO IV, Schools Division Superintendent
Love Emma B. Sudarion, Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Rayfrocina Abao, CID Chief
Jane C. Basul, EPS - Science
Bernie Pamplona, LRMDS Manager OIC
Junel M. Anino, Librarian II
Bernie Pamplona, PDO II
Specific Objectives:
Key Concepts
In asexual reproduction, a living thing can reproduce without the involvement of another
organism. Thus, there is no need to search for a mate and procreation can happen in faster
rate. Many plants and animals have the ability to breed asexually. The resulting new organism
is naturally a clone of its parent. This means that offspring produced in this method carries
the same genetic makeup with its parent.
Sexual reproduction calls for the interaction of two specialized cells, referred to
as gametes or sex cells. The male gamete unites with a female gamete of the
same species to create a fertilized egg, called zygote. This process produces an offspring whose
genetic characteristics are derived from those of the two parental organisms. It is considered by
scientists to be better than the asexual method. This is because, in asexual reproduction, the
offspring’s genetic composition is exactly similar to the parent. No difference in genes results to
low environmental adaptability. In the sexual mode, gametes from a male and a female fuse
which results to a young that has a combined genetic materials of both parents. Thus, there is
greater variation among the offspring – making them better suited and adaptive to sudden
changes in their environment.
Vegetative reproduction is a mode of procreation that occurs through the vegetative or body
parts of a plant such as stems, leaves, and roots. Plants that grow in this method are exact
copies of their parents as they are bred from a single plant. It means that they have the same
genetic makeup as their parents. Many plants are grown by planters through vegetative
propagation because plants grow faster this way than in pollination and fertilization.
The table below shows common examples of vegetative reproduction in different plants:
There are two steps in plants sexual reproduction: pollination and fertilization.
cucumbers.
figure 13.
Sexual procreation requires two types of specialized cells called sex cells. The union of male
and female gametes in animals is referred to as fertilization. It is also known as conception,
impregnation, insemination or syngamy. The result of this mode of reproduction is a
genetically unique organism which carries one half of the total number of chromosomes from its
mother and another half from the father. Depending on the species of animals, syngamy can
occur within or outside the female’s body.
Oviparity. Oviparous animals lay eggs. Embryos develop within eggs outside the body of
the mother. Birds, turtles, lizards, some snakes are examples of this type of organisms.
Ovoviparity. Ovoviviparous animals develop within eggs which remain inside the
mother’s body up until they hatch or are about to hatch. This occurs in some bony fish
such as the guppy (Lebistes reticulatus), some sharks, some lizards, some snakes,
and some invertebrate animals like cockroaches.
Viviparity. In viviparous animals, the young develop within the female. It receives
nourishment from the mother’s blood through a placenta. The offspring develops inside
the female’s body and is born alive. This occurs in most mammals, some cartilaginous
fish, and a few reptiles.
Most fertilization in animals occurs between gametes from dioecious animals. It means that
the sexes of the parents are separate: one is a male and another is a female carrying sperm cell
and egg cells respectively. However, there are cases when the individual animal is monoecious
and carries both sperms and eggs. An animal with this natural form is referred to as
hermaphrodite and the condition is known as hermaphroditism.
Many animals are able to switch from sexual to Figure 20. Leaf bug nymphs (babies)
asexual reproduction when suitable mates are not emerging from their eggs which
were laid either through
available such as these leaf insects in figure 20. A lady asexual or sexual mode of
leaf bug can lay eggs that can hatch into nymphs (babies) reproduction.
even without fertilization from a male leaf insect. Source: https://pixabay.com/photos/bug-
Part B. Summarize the differences between asexual and sexual reproductions. Use the given
letter – number codes underneath to complete the sentence or sentences in each required
items. Note that the first item is answered as your guide. Write your answer in the designated
boxes and columns in the table here.
Letter – Number Codes:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 0 7 1 6 2 5 3 4
2 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1
Gametes 8 5 8 3 7 1 8
0 1 0 0 0 9 8 3 0 7
2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1
8 3 3 5 5 3
4 0 5 4 8 7 1 4
2 2 1 1 2 2 2
2 3 3 3 4 4 2 3
1 1 0 7 3 1 1
2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 2
Genetic 5 3 5 2 1 5 8
5 0 7 1 3 3 6 8 5 4
composition of
offspring
1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1
8 1 3 1 3
7 9 8 0 7 9 8 0 7 0
Column A Column B
1. Insemination
Source:
https://png
hut.com/png
n-
transparent-
pngot
Fragmentation
2.
Source:
https://ww
w.thoughtco
facts-about-
sea-stars-
2291865ot-
Impregnation
3.
Source:
https://ww
w.gardenih
ow.com/edi
ble/fruits/c
4.
oconut/gro
wing-
Leaf Propagation
Source:
coconut-
https://blog
palm-
s.biomedcen
trees.htmho
t-
Pollination
5.
Source:
https://ww
w.flickr.com
Guide Questions: Write your answer(s) in the designated space below the questions.
Explanation should be written in two sentences.
1. Based from the given puzzle, which method displays vegetative reproduction?
2. Why is vegetative reproduction considered as a type of asexual reproduction?
Answer: Answer:
1. ______________________ 2. ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Choices:
A. Reproduction happens in faster rate.
B. This no genetic change in the offspring.
C. There is no need to find mate since single parent is involved.
D. Energy and time is used up in competing for a suitable mate during courtship.
E. Reproduction can take place through the whole body or in different body parts.
F. There is high diversity in genes because of the fusion of gametes from two parents.
G. There are much more chances of elimination of unfavorable traits from offspring in the
process of crossing over of genes.
H. This reproduction results to variation of desired characteristic of offspring with high
adaptability to changing environmental conditions.
I. Reproduction is much slower but results showed higher survival rate of the offspring that is
not genetically identical to parents due to varied genetic characteristics.
Mode of
Mode of
Reproduction:
Reproduction:
______________
______________
Weighing Scale
Source: https://www.google.com/url?sa=
Guide Questions: Explain your answer in two sentences. Write them in the designated space
below the questions.
In your opinion, what is the better mode of reproduction for both plants and animals? Why?
Note: Please refer to the rubric in page 10 for grading reflection explanation.
References:
Book Sources
Audesirk, Teresa and Gerald Audesirk. Biology – Life on Earth – 4th Edition. Prentice Hall
International Editions. Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1998.
Campbell, Neil A., et.al. Biology Concepts and Connections – 4th Edition. Pearson Education (Asia)
Pte. Ltd., 2003.
Garber, Steven Daniel. Biology – Self – Teaching Guide. J. Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2003.
Indge, Bill. A – Z Biology, The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2003.
Lim-Borabo, Milagros and Heide Grace Lim-Borabo. Interactive and Innovative Teaching
Strategies. Lorimar Publishing, Inc., 2015.
Wright, Jill, et.al. Life Science – Annotated Teacher’s Edition. Prentice-Hall, Inc., 2008.
Zara, Evelyn F. Rubrics in Science. Efeerza Academic Publication, Lipa City, 2003.
Web Sources
Soffar, Hebba (June 5, 2018). Types of Asexual Reproduction. Accessed on: March 30, 2021,
Retrieved from: https://www.online-sciences.com/biology/types-of-asexual-reproduction-
Uttam, Mayank (May 3, 2017). Reproduction in Organisms. Accessed on: April 13, 2021,
Retrieved from: https://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/cbse-class-12th-biology-notes-
Compare the Advantages and Disadvantages of Sexual and Asexual Reproduction. Ed Place.
Accessed on: March 28, 2021, Retrieved from: https://www.edplace.com/worksheet_info
Reproduction in Plants and Animals. BrainKart. Accessed on: April 12, 2021, Retrieved from:
https://www.brainkart.com/article/Reproduction-in-Plants-and-Animals_39757/
Types of reproduction. Khan Academy. Accessed on: March 25, 2021, Retrieved from:
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/high-school-biology/hs-reproduction-
General Biology 1 Learn Hub, Quexbook: PERCDC Learn hub, 2019.
K to 12 MELCS with Corresponding CG- Codes. Department of Education: Curriculum and
Instruction Strand, 2020. Accessed on: June 10, 2020, Retrieved from:
https://commons.deped.gov.ph/K-to-12-MELCS-with-CG-Codes.pdf
Answer Key
parent offspring
Hybrid to parents and leaves.
Identical to Genetic composition of
fertilize the egg cell cells through the body parts like stem, roots
Gametes reproduce new individual organism
Sperm has to No union of sex
(sperm and egg cells). Plants are able to
Two parents One parent No. of parents involved involve the union of gametes or sex cells
Reproduction Reproduction asexual procreation because it does not
Characteristics
Sexual Asexual 2. Vegetative reproduction is a form of
Part B. 1. no. 5 – leaf propagation
Guide Questions:
10. asexual fragmentation 5. FRAGTATMENION
9. sexual fertilization 4. FZATIOERTILIN asexual – leaf propagation 5.
8. sexual pollination 3. LOINATLION sexual - fertilization 4.
7. asexual vegetative 2. VGITEATIVE
sexual - pollination 3.
asexual - fragmentation 2.
6. asexual budding 1. BUDIDNG
sexual – impregnation 1.
Reproduction
Mode of Correct Words Scrambled Words
Part A. Activity 2. Repro Mode Finder
Activity 1. Repro Crypt
Reflection
Activity 3. Weigh Me Up!