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    3 views13 pages

    Grammatik

    Uploaded by

    Hicham Oumazdou

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    ole ULC Ton mero} INHALTSVERZEICHNIS [ Table Of Contents ] Articles & Cases Sentence Structure Personal Pronouns & Possessive Articles Present Tense & Verb Conjugation Formal VS Informal Separable Verbs Prepositions & Adverbs Modal Verbs Present Perfect Tense The Past Participle (Partizip II ) Tips & Tricks Copyright © 2021 YourGermanTeacher. All Rights Reserved, 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 ii 12 13 Die deutschen Artikel & Falle [German Articles & Cases ] Hi German Cases Overview Nominativis the “rg form of a noun ora pronoun sed after almosallverbs and some prepositions. Used after specific verbs («SO verbs and most prepesitions Used after only few verbs and prepositions and mostly shows possession Articles Nominativ| Akkusativ Genitiv es Drag oer] on [sen] enen|sem omen] se nes ee oe ore oe | ore [eer] ener| or] Eee cos | cin [das] ein [demJeinem| oes [cies The German language has 4 cases. Dativ will be explained in A1.2. Genitiv comes later. [13) Nominative case Nominative isthe original form ofa noun or a pronoun, ‘The subject is always in Nominative. Verbs that require Nominative: sein /elBen / werden / bleiben Articles in Nominative die cine as ist en Su Das st eine Tasch. as ist en Buch as sind Blumen ‘er Sift ist neu Die Tasche it Ken. ‘Das Buch st wel, Die Blumen sind schon The nominative case is the first case you learn. Only the subject in the sentence uses the nominative case. || German Articles E eee Toco) FEMININ rem Ein Tischistpraktsch, | Die Frawist klug. | Das Bld ist schon, Ichsehe einen Baum, | Sie hat eine Uhr. | sie lest cin Magazin Erlauft mit dem Hund, | Er lft der Frau, [Es stehtin dem Buch, Der Bart des Mannes. [Die Uhr der Frau. | Die Farbe des Autos. A table with all definite and indefinite articles in all different cases with example sentences. (A) Accusative case ‘Aecustive is ays an object (iect object) and used after specific verbs and prepositions Verbs that require Accusative: ALL! (eceptnominatve /dtve vers) Ich kaufe einen Sit. Sie such ene Tache Erlest ein Buch Ich finde Blumen schon Ich mag den sti. Sie brant ce Tasche Er verkauft ds Buch Ich sehe die lumen, The accusative is the second case you will learn. The direct object is in accusative. © YourGermanTeacher 3 Satzbau im Prasens & Perfekt [ Sentence Structure in Present & Perfect Tense ] {A German cases Overview Aussagen (statements) eer sary W-Fragen (w-questions) Ja / Nein Fragen (yes/no questions) a See Fussball? {2 sentence structure in Perfect Tense PETE ick tives | erinaune | Pari WEED 0/5. itiverd | subj | Partin WINE teers sitet | rgiaune | Portip 1 Subjekt = subject Hilfsverb = auxiliary verb Erginzung = _ additional sentence part Partizip I = past participle (“pp”) ispiele a Hast__| du __| gestern | pearbeiter2 The German sentence structure can be quite flexible. The normal one is the SVO (subject, verb, object). The conjugated verb comes always in the 2nd p ion in a main clause. <1 | Only in Yes/No questions you start directly with the conjugated verb. In the present perfect tense, the conjugated verb (haben or sein), still stands in the 2nd po: (except for Yes/No questions) At the end of the sentence, in the last. position, comes the past participle (Partizip II). Always! Subject comes right in front or after the = | conjugated verb. © YourGermanTeacher 4 Personalpronomen & Possessivartikel [ Personal Pronouns & Possessive Articles ] EBB) Personal pronouns [12 possessive Articles nee Loren Pees Ist das deine Tasche? — Ja, das ist meine Tasche. Kennst du seine Freundin? —Ja ich kenne sie. Wie findest du ihren Freund? — Ich finde ihn nett. A personal pronoun replaces a person OR also an object. In German, each noun is classified by gender, so it’s important to study each noun and its gender at the same time. In English it’s just it, but in German we use he, she, him and so on, also for things. Nominativ: Subject Akkusativ: Direct Object Dativ: Indirect Object Possessive articles can only be used together with a noun. Like ,normal” articles, they also change according to the gender of the noun they refer to, and indicate a possession. In A1.1 you only need to memorize the first two lines: mein / dein © YourGermanTeacher 5 Das Prdsens & die Verbkonjugation [ Present Tense & Verb Conjugation ] {A} Present Tense das Prasens present tense When can you use it? 0 when you talk about sth happening right now Lisa schléft. general statements / regularities 2 plus 2 ist 4. / Ich arbeite jeden Tag. Er lernt seit zwei Jahren Deutsch. when you talk about the future Morgen habe ich frei. {2 Verb Conjugation das Prasens present tense Verb Conjugation Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs ich macl ich du macl du er/sie/es macl er/sie/es wir macl wir ihr macl ihr sie / Sie / © wow yoursemanescarcon The present tense can also be used for the future tense, as with English, when using a time marker like for example “tomorrow” or “next week’, There is no "-ing" form in German that is used like in English 1am going .. In German it's just: Ich gehe ... (/ go) There are regular verbs (most verbs) and irregular verbs. For regular verbs: Drop the -en of the infinitive (original form) of the verb and add the endings. And just memorize these endings! Irregular verbs are mostly only irregular in the 2”4 and 3" person singular. -Q: Write your own list for all irregular verbs! Very useful! © YourGermanTeacher 6 Formell VS Informell [ Formal VS Informal ] 1 Formal vs Informal a way to show respect eORCR) een Caco talking to a stranger eg Bae 2 Conjugation é Siretig Cl Wie heift du? Wo wohnst du? NV elaTSta SLT) pers. _er/sie/es_he/she/it pend Pay Tae aes 11 3" pers. sie/Sie they / you Gael STU STI Wo wohnen Sie? www.yourgermanteacher.com Wel ial

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