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在预训练自然语言表示时增加模型大小通常会提高下游任务的性能。然而,在某些
时候,由于GPU/TPU内存限制和更长的训练时间,进一步增加模型变得更加困难。为了
解决这些问题,我们提出了两种参数减少技术来降低内存消耗并提高BERT的训练
速度。综合经验证据表明,与原始BERT相比,我们提出的方法导致模型的扩展性
更好。我们还使用自监督损失,专注于对句间连贯性建模,并表明它始终如一地帮助
具有多句输入的下游任务。因此,我们的最佳模型在GLUE、RACE和\squad基准测试中
建立了最新的最新结果,同时与BERT-large相比具有更少的参数。如果学术搜索引擎不
能使用通配符,效率将大大打折。一定要选择支持通配符的!一定要选择支持通配
符的!一定要选择支持通配符的!所以,请优先选用谷歌学术。不会科学上网怎么
办?请百度谷歌学术镜像网站。 94、××省经济增长影响因素的实证分析 3、统计
方法的改进与创新分析 BERT is conceptually simple and empirically powerful. It obtains new
state-of-the-art results on eleven natural language processing tasks, including pushing the GLUE
score to 80.5% (7.7% point absolute improvement), MultiNLI accuracy to 86.7% (4.6% absolute
improvement), SQuAD v1.1 question answering Test F1 to 93.2 (1.5 point absolute improvement)
and SQuAD v2.0 Test F1 to 83.1 (5.1 point absolute improvement). 131、基于因子分析法
的××省城乡统筹发展评价 作者:Tu Vu, Minh-Thang Luong, Quoc V. Le, Grady Simon, Mohit
Iyyer 焦点论文是一家英国注册的专业学术辅导公司。我们的学术辅导服务包括欧美高
校各科论文辅导,学者人数众多。精通欧美留学生热衷的各门学科。 89、基金经理
投资行为实证分析 200、 基于因子分析法的×省(市)城乡统筹发展评价 38、对统
计调查质量特征的探讨 最近的工作表明,通过对大型文本语料库进行预训练,然后
对特定任务进行微调,在许多NLP任务和基准测试中取得了实质性进展。虽然在架构
中通常与任务无关,但这种方法仍然需要针对特定任务的数千或数万个示例的微调
数据集。相比之下,人类通常可以仅从几个示例或简单的指令中执行新的语言
任务——这是当前的NLP系统仍然在很大程度上难以做到的。在这里,我们展示了扩
展语言模型极大地提高了与任务无关的、少拍的性能,有时甚至可以通过先前最先
进的微调方法达到竞争力。具体来说,我们训练GPT-3,这是一种具有1750亿个参数的
自回归语言模型,比之前任何非稀疏语言模型都多10倍,并在少样本设置中测试其
性能。对于所有任务,GPT-3的应用无需任何梯度更新或微调,任务和小样本演示仅
通过与模型的文本交互指定。GPT-3在许多NLP数据集上取得了强大的性能,包括翻
译、问答和完形填空任务,以及一些需要动态推理或领域适应的任务,例如解扰词,
在一个新词中使用一个新词句子,或执行3位数的算术。同时,我们还确定了GPT-3的小
样本学习仍然存在困难的一些数据集,以及GPT-3面临与大型网络语料库训练相关的
方法论问题的一些数据集。最后,我们发现GPT-3可以生成人类评估者难以将其与人
类撰写的文章区分开来的新闻文章样本。我们总体上讨论了这一发现和GPT-3的更广
泛的社会影响。 214、教育均衡发展指标体系的构建与实证分析 223、××省人口
老龄化趋势预测与对策分析 65、影响×× 省农民收入增长的计量分析 例如,搜索we
present a *(注意星号前需要有空格),得到(词组使用频率多少以红色线的长短表示)
34、××市城乡收入分配差距的统计分析 【问题解答】ALBERT:用于语言表示自我监
督学习的 Lite BERT 引言必须简短,不需要引用,并包括你的论文陈述,即你对问题的
回答;你打算采用的方法的简要概述;以及你打算围绕的作品的概述。你应该用一
个 “钩子句 “作为结尾,这个句子与你的论文主体的开头段相联系。这些连接句应贯
穿全文,以使你的论文具有凝聚力。填写文章标题,如果没有确定文章标题,可以写
你要写的论文的大概文章标题。 作者:Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn 今天
这期挥挥直接憋了个大招,汇总了一下论文写作过程中所需的全部神器!结尾可通
过腾讯文档全部取走!从此再也不愁写论文憋不出字数啦! 124、××市信息化水平
的测度分析 134、现阶段中国房地产产业价格调整影响实证分析 PaperEasy是一家专
业论文降重平台,包括人工降重和在线自动降重等功能,可提供各类论文重复率
修改、中英文论文润色、格式修改等服务。润色论文的效果可以去重大部分的重
复率,支持前后对比,高效去重,一键润色。 无监督域适应(UDA)旨在利用从标记源数
据集中学到的知识来解决新的未标记域中的类似任务。之前的UDA方法在学习适应
模型时通常需要访问源数据,这使得它们对于分散的私有数据而言存在风险且效率
低下。这项工作解决了只有经过训练的源模型可用的实际设置,并研究了我们如何
在没有源数据的情况下有效利用此类模型来解决UDA问题。我们提出了一个简单而
通用的表示学习框架,名为\emph{SourceHypOthesisTransfer}(SHOT)。SHOT冻结源模型的
分类器模块(假设),并通过利用信息最大化和自监督伪标签来学习目标特定的特征
提取模块,以隐式地将目标域的表示与源假设对齐。为了验证其多功能性,我们在各
种适应情况下评估SHOT,包括封闭集、部分集和开放集域适应。实验表明,SHOT在多
个域适应基准中产生了最先进的结果。 11、城乡居民消费结构统计分析
我们引入了“talking-headsattention”——多头注意力的一种变体,包括在softmax操作之前
和之后的注意力头维度上的线性投影。说话头的注意力会导致在掩码语言建模任务
上更好的困惑,以及在迁移学习到语言理解和问答任务时的更好质量。 132、基于消
费意愿的量价模型分析[](方括号,英文半角)表示比较[]内多个单词的使用频率。例
如,搜索resulting [in of to],得到resulting in 频率是7百万,resulting to 是2万3千,resulting of
是8千5百。由此可见,resulting in最常用。 论文题目同时应鲜明醒目,能吸引读者,向读
者提供最直接的信息和对论文主题作准确的说明。下面小编给大家带来2021网络方
向的优质论文题目,希望能帮助到大家! 在本文中,我们提出了分层动作分割细化器
(HASR),它可以通过以分层方式理解给定视频的整体上下文来细化来自各种模型的
时间动作分割结果。当用于动作分割的主干模型估计给定视频的分割方式时,我们
的模型根据帧级特征提取段级表示,并根据段级表示提取视频级表示。基于这些分
层表示,我们的模型可以参考整个视频的整体上下文,并预测应该如何纠正脱离上
下文的片段标签。我们的HASR可以插入各种动作分割模型(MS-TCN 、SSTDA、ASRF),
并提高基于三个具有挑战性的数据集(GTEA、50Salads和早餐)的最先进模型的性能。
例如,在50Salads数据集中,分段编辑分数从67.9%提高到77.4%(MS-TCN),从75.8% 提高
到77.3%(SSTDA),从79.3%提高到81.0%(ASRF) 。此外,我们的模型可以从看不见的主干
模型中细化分割结果,在训练HASR时没有提到。这种泛化性能将使HASR成为提升现
有时间动作分割方法的有效工具。{}(大括号,英文半角)表示核对{} 内多个单词的顺
序。例如,搜索{recently have we},得到 171、某地区城市规模发展水平分析与比较研
究 205、××省人口变动与住房价格变动关系的实证分析 在首页的两个搜索框分别输
入两个单词、短语或者句子进行查询,通过返回结果中包含所查询的单词命中次数
多少来判断哪一种用法更常见。 作者:Jian Liang, Dapeng Hu, Yunbo Wang, Ran He, Jiashi
Feng 67、存款准备金率调整对行业板块的影响分析一一基于沪深行业指数 Semi-
supervised domain adaptation (SSDA) aims to solve tasks in target domain by utilizing transferable
information learned from the available source domain and a few labeled target data. However, source
data is not always accessible in practical scenarios, which restricts the application of SSDA in real
world circumstances. In this paper, we propose a novel task named Semi-supervised Source
Hypothesis Transfer (SSHT), which performs domain adaptation based on source trained model, to
generalize well in target domain with a few supervisions. In SSHT, we are facing two challenges: (1)
The insufficient labeled target data may result in target features near the decision boundary, with the
increased risk of mis-classification; (2) The data are usually imbalanced in source domain, so the
model trained with these data is biased. The biased model is prone to categorize samples of minority
categories into majority ones, resulting in low prediction diversity. To tackle the above issues, we
propose Consistency and Diversity Learning (CDL), a simple but effective framework for SSHT by
facilitating prediction consistency between two randomly augmented unlabeled data and maintaining
the prediction diversity when adapting model to target domain. Encouraging consistency
regularization brings difficulty to memorize the few labeled target data and thus enhances the
generalization ability of the learned model. We further integrate Batch Nuclear-norm Maximization
into our method to enhance the discriminability and diversity. Experimental results show that our
method outperforms existing SSDA methods and unsupervised model adaptation methods on
DomainNet, Office-Home and Office-31 datasets. 216、经济增长对就业结构变动的弹性
分析 123、××地区区域工业产业竞争力综合评价分析 160、因子分析法在中小企
业板块上市公司综合业绩评价中的应用 Recent work has demonstrated substantial gains on
many NLP tasks and benchmarks by pre-training on a large corpus of text followed by fine-tuning on
a specific task. While typically task-agnostic in architecture, this method still requires task-specific
fine-tuning datasets of thousands or tens of thousands of examples. By contrast, humans can
generally perform a new language task from only a few examples or from simple instructions -
something which current NLP systems still largely struggle to do. Here we show that scaling up
language models greatly improves task-agnostic, few-shot performance, sometimes even reaching
competitiveness with prior state-of-the-art fine-tuning approaches. Specifically, we train GPT-3, an
autoregressive language model with 175 billion parameters, 10x more than any previous non-sparse
language model, and test its performance in the few-shot setting. For all tasks, GPT-3 is applied
without any gradient updates or fine-tuning, with tasks and few-shot demonstrations specified purely
via text interaction with the model. GPT-3 achieves strong performance on many NLP datasets,
including translation, question-answering, and cloze tasks, as well as several tasks that require on-
the-fly reasoning or domain adaptation, such as unscrambling words, using a novel word in a
sentence, or performing 3-digit arithmetic. At the same time, we also identify some datasets where
GPT-3's few-shot learning still struggles, as well as some datasets where GPT-3 faces
methodological issues related to training on large web corpora. Finally, we find that GPT-3 can
generate samples of news articles which human evaluators have difficulty distinguishing from
articles written by humans. We discuss broader societal impacts of this finding and of GPT-3 in
general. 24、失业统计方法的缺失与完善 1、我国各地区农村居民消费水平的实证
检验 Modern neural sequence generation models are built to either generate tokens step-by-step
from scratch or (iteratively) modify a sequence of tokens bounded by a fixed length. In this work,
we develop Levenshtein Transformer, a new partially autoregressive model devised for more flexible
and amenable sequence generation. Unlike previous approaches, the atomic operations of our model
are insertion and deletion. The combination of them facilitates not only generation but also sequence
refinement allowing dynamic length changes. We also propose a set of new training techniques
dedicated at them, effectively exploiting one as the other's learning signal thanks to their
complementary nature. Experiments applying the proposed model achieve comparable performance
but much-improved efficiency on both generation (e.g. machine translation, text summarization) and
refinement tasks (e.g. automatic post-editing). We further confirm the flexibility of our model by
showing a Levenshtein Transformer trained by machine translation can straightforwardly be used for
automatic post-editing. /(斜杠,英文半角):比较斜杠前后两个单词的使用频率。例如,搜
索by/in contrast(不确定是用by还是in ),得到in contrast频率1千9百万,by contrast频
率46万,可见in contrast更常用一些。 57、企业质量管理应用统计技术分析 46、企
业统计质量控制方法应用 BERT在概念上很简单,在经验上也很强大。它在11项自然语
言处理任务上获得了最新的最新成果,包括将GLUE分数推至80.5% (绝对提升
7.7%)、MultiNLI准确率提升至86.7%(绝对提升4.6% )、SQuADv1.1问答测试F1达到93.2(
绝对提高1.5分)和SQuADv2.0测试F1达到83.1(绝对提高5.1分)。 100、我国汽车行业
的发展状况分析及其预测 你的论文的结论必须像你的论文的其他部分一样精心
策划。一个常见的错误是,认为结论只是你的引言的 “标签式 “重复,但事实上,没有什么
能比这更进一步。结论应该是你在文章中的思想总结,再加上你思想的综合。换句
话说,它应该让读者清楚地知道你在整个过程中论证了什么,你认为你完成得如何,
以及未来可能开展的研究领域是什么。在计划阶段,结论可以构建为一系列从每段
中提取的笔记,简要说明每段中取得的成就。未来的研究建议很重要,因为你需要向
读者表明,你已经认识到了目前工作范围的局限性,并有足够的兴趣去看这个课题可
能在哪里发展。如果你仔细规划这一点,你就会发现结论在撰写一篇结构良好的论
文中具有关键作用。 107、部门劳动生产率与劳动报酬率关联性分析 Turn static files
into dynamic content formats. 113、中国人口受教育程度不平等测算与分析
121、东
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性。
An
important
research
direction
in
machine
learning
has
centered
around
developing
meta-
learning
algorithms
to
tackle
few-
shot
learning.
An
especially
successful
algorithm
has
been
Model
Agnostic
Meta-
Learning
(MAML),
a
method
that
consists
of
two
optimization
loops,
with
the
outer
loop
finding
a
meta-
initialization,
from
which
the
inner
loop
can
efficiently
learn
new
tasks.
Despite
MAML's
popularity,
a
fundamental
open
question
remains
-
-
is
the
effectiveness
of
MAML
due
to
the
meta-
initialization
being
primed
for
rapid
learning
(large,
efficient
changes
in
the
representations)
or
due
to
feature
reuse,
with
the
meta
initialization
already
containing
high
quality
features?
We
investigate
this
question,
via
ablation
studies
and
analysis
of
the
latent
representations,
finding
that
feature
reuse
is
the
dominant
factor.
This
leads
to
the
ANIL
(Almost
No
Inner
Loop)
algorithm,
a
simplification
of
MAML
where
we
remove
the
inner
loop
for
all
but
the
(task-
specific)
head
of
a
MAML-
trained
network.
ANIL
matches
MAML's
performance
on
benchmark
few-
shot
image
classification
and
RL
and
offers
computational
improvements
over
MAML.
We
further
study
the
precise
contributions
of
the
head
and
body
of
the
network,
showing
that
performance
on
the
test
tasks
is
entirely
determined
by
the
quality
of
the
learned
features,
and
we
can
remove
even
the
head
of
the
network
(the
NIL
algorithm).
We
conclude
with
a
discussion
of
the
rapid
learning
vs
feature
reuse
question
for
meta-
learning
algorithms
more
broadly.





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AI编




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“新

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AI编

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89、基











Natural
Language
Processing
(NLP)
has
recently
achieved
great
success
by
using
huge
pre-
trained
models
with
hundreds
of
millions
of
parameters.
However,
these
models
suffer
from
heavy
model
sizes
and
high
latency
such
that
they
cannot
be
deployed
to
resource-
limited
mobile
devices.
In
this
paper,
we
propose
MobileBERT
for
compressing and accelerating the popular BERT model. Like the original BERT, MobileBERT is
task-agnostic, that is, it can be generically applied to various downstream NLP tasks via simple fine-
tuning. Basically, MobileBERT is a thin version of BERT_LARGE, while equipped with bottleneck
structures and a carefully designed balance between self-attentions and feed-forward networks. To
train MobileBERT, we first train a specially designed teacher model, an inverted-bottleneck
incorporated BERT_LARGE model. Then, we conduct knowledge transfer from this teacher to
MobileBERT. Empirical studies show that MobileBERT is 4.3x smaller and 5.5x faster than
BERT_BASE while achieving competitive results on well-known benchmarks. On the natural
language inference tasks of GLUE, MobileBERT achieves a GLUEscore o 77.7 (0.6 lower than
BERT_BASE), and 62 ms latency on a Pixel 4 phone. On the SQuAD v1.1/v2.0 question answering
task, MobileBERT achieves a dev F1 score of 90.0/79.2 (1.5/2.1 higher than BERT_BASE).
114、×× 省各区市地方政府财政支出与政府消费的产出弹性分析 Recent work has
demonstrated substantial gains on many NLP tasks and benchmarks by pre-training on a large corpus
of
text followed by fine-tuning on a specific task. While typically task-agnostic in architecture, this
method
still requires task-specific fine-tuning datasets of thousands or tens of thousands of examples. By
contrast, humans can generally perform a new language task from only a few examples or from
simple instructions - something which current NLP systems still largely struggle to do. Here we
show that scaling up language models greatly improves task-agnostic, few-shot performance,
sometimes even reaching competitiveness with prior state-of-the-art fine-tuning approaches.
Specifically, we train GPT-3, an autoregressive language model with 175 billion parameters, 10x
more
than any previous non-sparse language model, and test its performance in the few-shot setting. For
all
tasks, GPT-3 is applied without any gradient updates or fine-tuning, with tasks and few-shot
demonstrations specified purely via text interaction with the model. GPT-3 achieves strong
performance
on
many NLP datasets, including translation, question-answering, and cloze tasks, as well as several
tasks
that
require on-the-fly reasoning or domain adaptation, such as unscrambling words, using a novel word
in
a
sentence, or performing 3-digit arithmetic. At the same time, we also identify some datasets where
GPT-3's few-shot learning still struggles, as well as some datasets where GPT-3 faces
methodological issues related to training on large web corpora. Finally, we find that GPT-3 can
generate samples of news articles which human evaluators have difficulty distinguishing from
articles written by humans. We discuss broader societal impacts of this finding and of GPT-3 in
general. 67、存款准备金率调整对行业板块的影响分析一一基于沪深行业指数 例如,





首页上选择“医学句库”,搜索in this paper we * the(*星号为


符),可得 Dense retrieval conducts text retrieval in the embedding space and has shown many
advantages compared to sparse retrieval. Existing dense retrievers optimize representations of queries
and
documents with contrastive training and map them to the embedding space. The embedding space is
optimized by aligning the matched query-document pairs and pushing the negative documents away
from
the
query. However, in such training paradigm, the queries are only optimized to align to the documents
and
are coarsely positioned, leading to an anisotropic query embedding space. In this paper, we analyze
the
embedding space distributions and propose an effective training paradigm, Contrastive Dual
Learning
for
Approximate Nearest Neighbor (DANCE) to learn fine-grained query representations for dense
retrieval. DANCE incorporates an additional dual training object of query retrieval, inspired by the
classic information retrieval training axiom, query likelihood. With contrastive learning, the dual
training object of DANCE learns more tailored representations for queries and documents to keep
the
embedding space smooth and uniform, thriving on the ranking performance of DANCE on the MS
MARCO document retrieval task. Different from ANCE that only optimized with the document
retrieval task, DANCE concentrates the query embeddings closer to document representations while
making the document distribution more discriminative. Such concentrated query embedding
distribution assigns more uniform negative sampling probabilities to queries and helps to sufficiently
optimize query representations in the query retrieval task. BERT

概念



单,在经验上也很强大。它在11项自然语言处理任务上获得了最新的最新成果,包括将
GLUE分数推至80.5%(绝对提升7.7%)、MultiNLI 准确率提升至86.7% (



升4.6%)、SQuADv1.1问答测试F1达到93.2(绝对提高1.5分)和SQuADv2.0

试F1达到83.1(绝对提高5.1分)。 本文考虑了元学习问题,其中存在任务分布,




希望获














先前













快速




代理。






系列






初始


算法,











快速微调,仅
使


阶导







新。该家族



概括了一阶MAML,这是通过忽略二阶导数获得的MAML的近似值。它还包括Reptile,












算法,它


重复






样、








初始










权重

工作。





Finn




果。



阶元












小样本


基准上表现良好,我们提供了理论分析,旨在理解这些算法为何有效。 【自然语言推
理】ALBERT:用于语言表示自我监督学习的 Lite BERT 93、××市工业企业

主创新能力影响因素的路径分析Language model (LM) pre-training has resulted in impressive
performance
and
sample efficiency on a variety of language understanding tasks. However, it remains unclear how to
best use pre-trained LMs for generation tasks such as abstractive summarization, particularly to
enhance sample efficiency. In these sequence-to-sequence settings, prior work has experimented with
loading pre-trained weights into the encoder and/or decoder networks, but used non-
pre-
trained
encoder-decoder attention weights. We instead use a pre-trained decoder-only network, where the
same Transformer LM both encodes the source and generates the summary. This ensures that all
parameters in the network, including those governing attention over source states, have been pre-
trained
before the fine-tuning step. Experiments on the CNN/Daily Mail dataset show that our pre-trained
Transformer LM substantially improves over pre-trained Transformer encoder-decoder networks in
limited-data settings. For instance, it achieves 13.1 ROUGE-2 using only 1% of the training data
(~3000 examples), while pre-trained encoder-decoder models score 2.3 ROUGE-2. 52、××

人口年龄

构变


就业





统计


缺点:


门针




语,




内容不多,

支持

段限定








询。 引言必须简短,



引用,







陈述,






回答;

打算








概述;



打算围绕


品的概述。你应该用一个 “钩子句 “作为结尾,这个句子与你的论文主体的开头段相联
系。这些连接句应贯穿全文,以使你的论文具有凝聚力。作者:Kuniaki Saito, Donghyun
Kim, Stan Sclaroff, Kate Saenko Semi-supervised domain adaptation (SSDA) aims to solve tasks in
target domain by utilizing transferable information learned from the available source domain and a
few labeled target data. However, source data is not always accessible in practical scenarios, which
restricts the application of SSDA in real world circumstances. In this paper, we propose a novel task
named Semi-supervised Source Hypothesis Transfer (SSHT), which performs domain adaptation
based on source trained model, to generalize well in target domain with a few supervisions. In SSHT,
we
are facing two challenges: (1) The insufficient labeled target data may result in target features near
the
decision boundary, with the increased risk of mis-classification; (2) The data are usually imbalanced
in
source domain, so the model trained with these data is biased. The biased model is prone to
categorize samples of minority categories into majority ones, resulting in low prediction diversity. To
tackle
the
above issues, we propose Consistency and Diversity Learning (CDL), a simple but effective
framework for SSHT by facilitating prediction consistency between two randomly augmented
unlabeled data and maintaining the prediction diversity when adapting model to target domain.
Encouraging consistency regularization brings difficulty to memorize the few labeled target data and
thus enhances the generalization ability of the learned model. We further integrate Batch Nuclear-
norm Maximization into our method to enhance the discriminability and diversity. Experimental
results show that our method outperforms existing SSDA methods and unsupervised model
adaptation methods on DomainNet, Office-Home and Office-31 datasets. 208、××
省年经济数据的序列分析与预测 5、×× 省各地区人口素质差异的统计分析
Show submenu for "Learn" section 智元兔写作大师,可以一分钟一气呵成5000字的文章(
论文);可以一键对文章(论文)续写、扩写、润色、降重。 Issuu turns PDFs and other files
into interactive flipbooks and engaging content for every channel. 74、我国(××省)茶叶出口
贸易的发展特征及趋势分析 作者:Zhiqing Sun, Hongkun Yu, Xiaodan Song, Renjie Liu,
Yiming Yang, Denny Zhou Unsupervised domain adaptation has increasingly gained interest in
medical image computing, aiming to tackle the performance degradation of deep neural networks
when being deployed to unseen data with heterogeneous characteristics. In this work, we present a
novel unsupervised domain adaptation framework, named as Synergistic Image and Feature
Alignment (SIFA), to effectively adapt a segmentation network to an unlabeled target domain. Our
proposed SIFA conducts synergistic alignment of domains from both image and feature perspectives.
In particular, we simultaneously transform the appearance of images across domains and enhance
domain-invariance of the extracted features by leveraging adversarial learning in multiple aspects and
with a deeply supervised mechanism. The feature encoder is shared between both adaptive
perspectives to leverage their mutual benefits via end-to-end learning. We have extensively evaluated
our method with cardiac substructure segmentation and abdominal multi-organ segmentation for
bidirectional cross-modality adaptation between MRI and CT images. Experimental results on two
different tasks demonstrate that our SIFA method is effective in improving segmentation
performance on unlabeled target images, and outperforms the state-of-the-art domain adaptation
approaches by a large margin. 语言模型(LM)预训练在各种语言理解任务上取得了令人印
象深刻的性能和样本效率。然而,目前还不清楚如何最好地使用预训练的LM来进行
抽象总结等生成任务,尤其是提高样本效率。在这些序列到序列的设置中,先前的工
作已经尝试将预训练的权重加载到编码器和/或解码器网络中,但使用了非预训练的
编码器-解码器注意力权重。我们改为使用预训练的仅解码器网络,其中相同的
Transformer LM对源进行编码并生成摘要。这确保了网络中的所有参数,包括那些控制
对源状态的注意力的参数,都在微调步骤之前进行了预训练。在CNN/Daily Mail数据集
上的实验表明,我们的预训练Transformer LM在有限数据设置中比预训练的Transformer
编码器-解码器网络有显着改进。例如,它仅使用1%的训练数据(约3000个示例)就达到
了13.1ROUGE-2,而预训练的编码器-解码器模型的得分为2.3ROUGE-2 。 93、×× 市工
业企业自主创新能力影响因素的路径分析 111、××汽车消费需求的动态分析与预测
9、我国收入统计存在的问题及其改革 96、××省市域经济区位差异分析
220、××省农业产业化的实证分析与研究 37、宏观经济统计数据质量控制问题研
究 COCA提供了多种查询模式。例如选择Collocates(上下文限定)模式,可以查询in this
paper we这个词组后面2个单词之内所接的所有动词。在Collocates后面有一个POS(词
性)选项,选择verb.ALL(即所有动词)。 39、××省信息化发展水平的统计测度 手
机:18974909803 121、东××收入差距分析 Increasing model size when pretraining natural
language representations often results in improved performance on downstream tasks. However, at
some point further model increases become harder due to GPU/TPU memory limitations and longer
training times. To address these problems, we present two parameter-reduction techniques to lower
memory consumption and increase the training speed of BERT. Comprehensive empirical evidence
shows that our proposed methods lead to models that scale much better compared to the original
BERT. We also use a self-supervised loss that focuses on modeling inter-sentence coherence, and
show it consistently helps downstream tasks with multi-sentence inputs. As a result, our best model
establishes new state-of-the-art results on the GLUE, RACE, and \squad benchmarks while having
fewer parameters compared to BERT-large. 135、因子分析在××省利用外资效果评价中的
应用 优点:谷歌学术数据库最大最全,支持词段限定和通配符检索。强烈建议联合使
用词段限定+通配符进行搜索。 155、外商直接投资对××省经济影响的分析 95、
辅助信息对分层抽样成本与精度改善效果分析 217、论时间序列分析方法及其在
股票价格预测中的应用 116、×× 省各县市产业结构的聚类分析 接下来要做的是决定
如何进行研究。您需要查看您要讨论的主题的关键文本,并记下每篇文章中的参考
资料,作为您在论文中提出的观点的引文。看一下这些文章的参考文献和书目是个
好主意,因为它们会给你提供更多关于如何扩展自己的研究的想法。请记住,所有的
参考文献,包括文中引用、参考文献列表和/或参考书目,都必须采用学校、学院或大
学要求的参考文献风格。这些参考文献有很大的不同,但采用了两种基本风格。你需
要准确地找出你的学术机构所采用的风格,并严格遵守它,因为不同类型的参考文献
的结构和格式是不同的。你的图书馆应该有一份风格指南供你参考。严格遵守它是
非常重要的,因为与它不同会让你失去分数。 100、我国汽车行业的发展状况分析及
其预测 如果学术搜索引擎不能使用通配符,效率将大大打折。一定要选择支持通配
符的!一定要选择支持通配符的!一定要选择支持通配符的!所以,请优先选用谷
歌学术。不会科学上网怎么办?请百度谷歌学术镜像网站。 Few-shot learning is
challenging for learning algorithms that learn each task in isolation and from scratch. In contrast,
meta-learning learns from many related tasks a meta-learner that can learn a new task more
accurately and faster with fewer examples, where the choice of meta-learners is crucial. In this paper,
we develop Meta-SGD, an SGD-like, easily trainable meta-learner that can initialize and adapt any
differentiable learner in just one step, on both supervised learning and reinforcement learning.
Compared to the popular meta-learner LSTM, Meta-SGD is conceptually simpler, easier to
implement, and can be learned more efficiently. Compared to the latest meta-learner MAML, Meta-
SGD has a much higher capacity by learning to learn not just the learner initialization, but also the
learner update direction and learning rate, all in a single meta-learning process. Meta-SGD shows
highly competitive performance for few-shot learning on regression, classification, and reinforcement
learning.
111、××汽车消费需求的动态分析与预测 15、我国第三产业水平及结构的统计分
析 无监督域适应(UDA)旨在利用从标记源数据集中学到的知识来解决新的未标记域
中的类似任务。之前的UDA方法在学习适应模型时通常需要访问源数据,这使得它们
对于分散的私有数据而言存在风险且效率低下。这项工作解决了只有经过训练的源
模型可用的实际设置,并研究了我们如何在没有源数据的情况下有效利用此类模型
来解决UDA问题。我们提出了一个简单而通用的表示学习框架,名为
\emph{SourceHypOthesisTransfer}(SHOT)。SHOT冻结源模型的分类器模块(假设),并通
过利用信息最大化和自监督伪标签来学习目标特定的特征提取模块,以隐式地将目
标域的表示与源假设对齐。为了验证其多功能性,我们在各种适应情况下评
估SHOT,包括封闭集、部分集和开放集域适应。实验表明,SHOT在多个域适应基准中
产生了最先进的结果。 119、进口与FDI对我国国内产出水平影响的实证分析 82、
中国城市化水平时间序列模型分析 121、东××收入差距分析焦点论文是一家英国注
册的专业学术辅导公司。我们的学术辅导服务包括欧美高校各科论文辅导,学者人
数众多。精通欧美留学生热衷的各门学科。 ?(问号,英文半角)表示通配一个单词:搜
索in this paper we?,得到 36、统计信用与统计数据质量研究 作者:Sébastien M. R.
Arnold, Praateek Mahajan, Debajyoti Datta, Ian Bunner, Konstantinos Saitas Zarkias We propose an
algorithm for meta-learning that is model-agnostic, in the sense that it is compatible with any model
trained with gradient descent and applicable to a variety of different learning problems, including
classification, regression, and reinforcement learning. The goal of meta-learning is to train a model
on a variety of learning tasks, such that it can solve new learning tasks using only a small number of
training samples. In our approach, the parameters of the model are explicitly trained such that a small
number of gradient steps with a small amount of training data from a new task will produce good
generalization performance on that task. In effect, our method trains the model to be easy to fine-
tune. We demonstrate that this approach leads to state-of-the-art performance on two few-shot image
classification benchmarks, produces good results on few-shot regression, and accelerates fine-tuning
for policy gradient reinforcement learning with neural network policies. 条件生成对抗网
络(cGAN)的目标是在给定输入条件和潜在代码的情况下合成不同的图像,但不幸的
是,它们通常会遇到模式崩溃的问题。为了解决这个问题,以前的工作主要集中在鼓
励潜在代码与其生成的图像之间的相关性,而忽略了从各种潜在代码生成的图像之
间的关系。最近的MSGAN试图鼓励生成图像的多样性,但只考虑图像对之间的“
负面”关系。在本文中,我们提出了一种新颖的DivCo框架来适当地约束在潜在空间中
指定的生成图像之间的“正”和“ 负”关系。据我们所知,这是第一次尝试将对比学习用
于不同的条件图像合成。引入了一种新颖的潜在增强对比损失,它鼓励从相邻潜在代
码生成的图像相似,而从不同潜在代码生成的图像则不同。所提出的潜在增强对比损
失与各种cGAN架构兼容。大量实验表明,在多个未配对和配对的图像生成任务中,
所提出的DivCo可以生成比最先进的方法更多样化的图像,而不会牺牲视觉质量。
182、农业银行对县域经济建设的影响分析 作者:Kuniaki Saito, Donghyun Kim, Stan
Sclaroff, Kate Saenko 214、教育均衡发展指标体系的构建与实证分析 86、影响农民
工务工收入的因素分析 19、大数据背景下的网络营销对策探讨——评《基于大数据的
内容营销策略》 206、教育发展水平与地区经济实力相关性分析 Increasing model size
when pretraining natural language representations often results in improved performance on
downstream tasks. However, at some point further model increases become harder due to GPU/TPU
memory limitations and longer training times. To address these problems, we present two parameter-
reduction techniques to lower memory consumption and increase the training speed of BERT.
Comprehensive empirical evidence shows that our proposed methods lead to models that scale much
better compared to the original BERT. We also use a self-supervised loss that focuses on modeling
inter-sentence coherence, and show it consistently helps downstream tasks with multi-sentence
inputs. As a result, our best model establishes new state-of-the-art results on the GLUE, RACE, and
\squad benchmarks while having fewer parameters compared to BERT-large. 小样本学习(FSL)是
机器学习未来的关键步骤之一,并引起了很多关注。然而,与其他领域(例如计算机
视觉)的快速发展相比,FSL在自然语言处理(NLP )中的进展要慢得多。造成这种情况
的主要原因之一是缺乏公共基准。NLPFSL研究总是在他们自己构建的小样本数据集
上报告新结果,这在结果比较中效率很低,从而阻碍了累积进展。在本文中,我们介
绍了FewJoint,这是一种新颖的NLP少镜头学习基准。与大多数仅关注简单N分类问题
的NLPFSL研究不同,我们的基准测试引入了少镜头联合对话语言理解,另外还涵盖
了结构预测和多任务依赖问题。这使我们的基准能够反映真实词NLP 复杂性,而不是
简单的N分类。我们的基准测试用于SMP2020-ECDTtask-1的少拍学习竞赛。我们还提供
了一个兼容的FSL平台来简化实验设置。 尽管被广泛采用,但现有的微调预训练语言
模型的方法已被证明在超参数设置中不稳定,这激发了最近关于信任区域方法的
工作。在本文中,我们提出了一种植根于信任域理论的简化而有效的方法,该方法用
参数噪声(从正态分布或均匀分布采样)替换了以前使用的对抗性目标,从而在不损
害性能的情况下尽可能阻止微调期间的表示变化。我们还引入了一种新的分析,通
过研究表征崩溃来更广泛地激发信任域方法的使用;预训练模型的可泛化表示的
退化,因为它们针对特定的最终任务进行了微调。大量实验表明,我们的微调方法在
一系列理解和生成任务(包括DailyMail/CNN、Gigaword、Reddit TIFU和GLUE基准测试)
上的性能匹配或超过了以前的信任区域方法的性能,同时速度也快得多。我们还
表明,它不太容易出现表示崩溃;预训练模型在每次微调时都保持更可概括的表示。
73、住宅价格波动与居民消费支出增长的实证分析 文章字数,即为你要一次生成
这篇文章或论文的字数,可选1000,2000,3000,5000字。 205、××省人口变动与住房
价格变动关系的实证分析 作者:Urvashi Khandelwal, Kevin Clark, Dan Jurafsky, Lukasz Kaiser

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