fe t poYLE’S LAW ,, mm Hg + laben * bddtere “Blue “i p jo's Law slates that thé Véilintb ot & gas varios inversoly with its pressure if ternperature isneld constant. (Ione Goos up, the other goos down.) We uso the formula: [Rewer] Solve the following problems (assuming constant temperature). 1. Asample of oxygen gas occuples a volume of 260. ml. at 740, tor pressure. What Volume will It occupy at 800. torr pressure? 25m 740-14 0 = boy 2. Asample of carbon dioxide occupies a volume of 3.50 liters at 125 kPa pressure. What pressure would the gas exert if the volume was decreased to 2.00 liters? 3.51256 OP 21757 PG 3. A 2.0 liter container of nitrogen had a pressure of 3.2 atm. What volume would be necessary to decrease the pressure to 1.0 atm? gd? 64 | 4. Ammonia gas occupies a volume of 450. mL at a pressure of 720. mm Hg. What volume will It occupy at standard pressure? i 450° 110 = Too 26-3 oh 5. A175 ml sample of neon had its pressure changed from 75 kPa to 150 kPa. What is its new volume? igs ob tps0V ' thie 6. Asample of hydrogen at 1.5 atm had its pressure decreased to 0.50 atm producing anew volume of 750 mL. What was its original volume? H5V% 75045 260 me 7. Chlorine gas occupies a volume of 1.2 liters at 720 tor pressure. What volume will it occupy at 1 atm pressure? ha -Flo » #h0 i It 8. Fluorine gas exerts a pressure of 900. torr, When the pressure is changed to 1.50 atm, its volume is 250. mL. What was the original volume? goo v= 1140 «250 sibeiel Che vomistry 1F8766 20 instructional Foi iName ___—_———__“ CHARLES’ LAW vin temperature, Srerits' Law states that the volume of a gos varies directly with the Kel ‘assuming that pressure Is constant. We use the following formulas: hoor V, xT, =V,XT Pag) bem fee lng K = "Cc + 273 Solve the following problems assuming a constant pressure. 1. A sample of nitrogen occupi les. a vol Lat 25°C. What volume will It occupy at 95° CF 1 volume of 260 mi 290, 247 * HF 30RD me 2. Oxygen gas is ata temperature of 40° C when It occupies a volume of 2.3 liters. To what temperature should it be raised to occupy a volume of 6.5 liters? 3. us eismee Sey k S._ Hydrogen gas was cooled from 180° C to 50°C. tis new volume is 75 mL. What was its original volume? <<. x yes 3 5}. 3 ab 4. Chlorine gas occupies a volume of 25 mL at 300 K. What volume will It occupy at 600 K? . 2s. x G00 ~ 300 1-Smet 5. Asample of neon gas at 50°C anda volume of 2.5 liters is cooled to 25° C. What Is the new volume? LE 323° NY 2-34 6. Fluorine gas at 300 K occupies a volume of 500 mL. To what temperature should it be lowered fo bring the volume to 300 mobs, 300 300 “yy Ifo py 7. Helium occupies a volume of 3.8 liters at -45° C, What volume will it occupy at 45° C? ae 5.3L 228 “31% ee 8. Asample of argon gas is cooled and its volume went from 380 mL to 250 mL. If its final temperature was -55° C, what was its original temperature? fg 50 x 2 emistry IF8766 aiMBINED GAS LAW Name In practical! fore: (118 often difficult to hold any of the variables constant. When tere it A . volume and temperature, the combined ges low Is used { Complete the following chart. P, v T, P, 1 1.5 atm 3.0L 20°C 25atm 20-238, 256, 2] 720t0r | 256 mL asc [aI SS | es0mt ih aia F399. daca 3 | 600 mmHg 25L 22°C 760 mmHg 1.8L f= 1.2 often wor, 1900 750 mL 0.0°C 2.0 atm 500 mL rs 1 95 kPa 4.0L x “7 | 101kPa 6.0L ATV Kor, f - 198°C [295.3 + of. 2-1 6 | 650.tor [EP TABEA] toc | 900.tor | 225 mL 450°C 50-15 _ LSP 7 | 850 mmHg 1.5L 15°C 2sy_ 303 30°C — bib 125 kPa 100 kPa 75°C vemistry IF8766DALTON's Law. OF Name PARTIAL PRESSURES Pressures of all the gases that make up a Po P= Pi # Pa +P, +... The partial pressure of cacy, ‘ Says that Gexture Is equal to the toves Pressur Go ls equal to the mole fraction of each gas x total pressure. 4.250. mL sample of omygene Collected over watter at 25° C and 760.0 ton pressure, senat Is the pressure of the APY Ga8 alone? (Vapor pressure of water at 25°C = 23.8 tor) f hydrogen is collected Over water at 20° C and 750.0 torr essure of water at A32.0 mL sample of Pressure. What is the volume of the dry ga: P? Beenie aa ry Gas at STP? (Vapor pr 2 24 — Cand 770.0 torr pressure. of water at 3. 54.0 mL sample of oxygen is collected over water at 23° What is the volume of the dry gas at STP? (Vapor pressure 23° C = 21.1 tom) 54° 20, 173 16 Feo 1d 5.00 moles A mixture of 2.00 moles of H,, 3.00 moles of NH,, 4.00 moles of CO, an re Of each gas? of N, exerts a total pressure of 800 torr. What is the partial ilaorotd ae oe a 1M ave fa ~ Cos The partial pressure of F, in a mixture of gases where the total pressure is 1.00 atm 300. torr. What is the mole fraction of F,? 300 tur = Foote * © a) 23 Chemistry IF8766eAL GAS LAW Name ie use the Ideal Gas Law below to solve the following problems. PV =nRT where P = pressure in atmospheres V = volume in liters umber of moles of gas leben niversal Gas Constant Feo 0.0821 Leatm/mol*K T= Kelvin temperature n 7 . Rew many moles of oxygen will occupy a volume of 2.5 liters at 1.2. aim and 28°C? 2123 wales psehps 29° RN 2. What volume will 2.0 moles of nitrogen occupy at 720 torr and 20° C? sb LE wry VED ROD gofCO,ata temperature of ‘pee C and a volume 3. What pressure will be exerted by 25 U p. 5 =. 5bi-2TI+ R of 500 mL? A 5bY 5L ie ry 4. At what temperature will 5.00 9 of Ch exert a pressure of 900. torr at a volume of WB Le dotm 756 mL? 3 n\ 107. Te 12 Re v 5. Whet isthe density of NH, ct 800 ton g25c? + Bo th L ‘ 745, torr door 6, If the density of a gas Is 1.2 ol C, what Is its molecular mass? 2 248 abn ——— 2 Hors hd 7 re Sr Gt. 7. How many moles of nitrogen gas will occupy a volume of 347 mL at 6680 torr and 27°? = 1H wal - i “4 8, What volume will 454 grams (1 Ib) of hydrogen occupy at 1.05 atm and 25° C? 5240. b 9. Find the number of grams 32.5 Land a temperature of 32°C. £785 torrs at a volume of [(.0 30d J( 325) = n (060 | Hin) (Gos kK) and the pressure is of CO, oo exert a pressure oO 10. An elemental gas has a mass of 10.3 g. If the volume is 58.4 L 758 torrs at a temperature of 2.5° C, what is the Res} efimry (6 19M aie ise vl 2 nf 0F7t oe 27% a LB wad 24 opin Chemistry 1F8766Name. 13-4 Practice Problems Date Class 1. What volume would be occupied by 100. g of oxygen gas at a pressure of 1.50 atm and a temperature of 25°C? 8.83 99 | 0.081» (2510731 "Sade Iscis) |. 2. Anairfilled balloon has a volume of 225 1 at 0.94 atm and 25°C. Soon after, the pressure changes to 099 atm and the temperature changes to OC. What is the new voltime of the balloon? “e 4:26 atm ‘1256, 082) +06730 aly T5054 3. Ages confined in a sis.cn? come K exerts a pressure of 107-4 kPa at 386°C. At what Celsius temperature will it exert a pressure of 635.7 kPa if it is placed into a 644-cm? container? ( lem? = 1 my 1074-515 ¢ 50 7 bly “Sh 2 EBT aif 2307.62 -773 ieee x ] 4. A balloon is’ inflated wit! helium to a pressure of 1.26 atm. If the desired volume of the balloon is 1.250 L what must the temperature be in °C? iL2botmol. » 052] 042 | 9 5 AwederslaePbol has volume of 75.0 L. It is stored at a temperature of 23.24°C and has a pressure of 7667 kPa. How many moles of acetylene are in the tank? 24 tab )(75) Pepunles a 2 UITKR I oe, OK (A 26 Chapter 13 6. How many grams of ar would it take to alight bulb with a volume of 0475 LatSIP? -OUZ mol + 3245 (e947 7. Dry ice is carbon Mioxide in the solid state. 1.28 grams of dry ice are placed into a 5.00 L evacuated chamber that is maintained at 35.1°C. What is the pressure in the chamber in kPa after all the dry ice has sublimed into CO, gas? Y vol : Conny [ 2) 8. A sample of Brz gas is loaded Tito an evacuated demonstration bottle at STP. The volume of the bottle is 0.25 L. How many moles of Br2 gas will be contained in the bottle? ‘Ladm +262 s4?F 42 O82) aa 9. A sample of gas occupies (:308n" aa temperature of 325 K and ¥pressure of 149 kPa. Calculate the number of moles of the gas that are present. Note; Im? = 1000L (44) (30h). ; 7 (0F2)0375) le skp 10. What pressure is exerted by 0.625 mole of a gas in a 45.4 L container at -24.0°C? (© 6 ) 6.08 ) Qua) 45. © Prentice-Hall, Inc. CLL ERD Ty iName 13-2 Practice Problems The sir presture for « « Jot tha?" wha je mocpheres? [LQ The air pressure eo alin 2 tat iat ut ee eb2alem o°, SShume at mre balanye by Lif Den Hy thas proms * ) “ae sl) a A spheric pressure tm ned In New Mexico 1s petto an atmospheric pressure of 758 What is this pressure tn atm? i. 14a 3 [Atbag of potato chips stead in a fac7y— sonScafeve. The atmosphese pes ee aStuy fa 7018 am Hg The pres eS te tag as the same. What ci potato chips yrosure inside the mies 00 fe ‘The kame bag of potato chips from Problem Jie hipped to a town in Colorado, where the aumonpheric presse is the difference (in Pa) between the pressure in the bag and_the atmospheric 6 French fe 7. The pressure gauge dna compressed at 43.2 Ihlin tank reads 43.2 Ib/in’. 147 We fre fama? (2.4 al m The pressure in the Te oF an abtomobile SUF bpm’. Leh 48 pbLint the pressure jy Vio/a¥a? | 210. KPO 9. Agas container ed with amnanometer. The level of the mercury is 15 mm lower on the open side. Using @ laboratory barometer, you find that atmospheric pressure is 750 mm Hg, What is the in atenonperes, of the gas in the container? ( ° 47 elm) 770-159-935 15 Siem Hy ee molly nell Prentice, bate xu Ma? Ly 5 om Hl Ae An eeperinent at Sandia National [abs — PO vB. u 15, vreury Hevel her othe fttacheal to the ts Mate the ateiwaspiere Aunosp he Sprenure OF 7710 mun Mg, The snercuty he side open to the abmoaphere am fughver than on (ster What be N= met 64-8 nm tt\ Suppene yous are aveasuring the gwesstFe (Rakes Yeated cabanet using a” open Cndded manometer The atmosph preset» 702-4 nue VU the ameresity [tel on the side oper t0 te atmosphere fo bo mm higher than on the side attached the cabinet, what isthe prespure inside theeabiner iv rsts OP? YO 71 TP The Utube of a manometer IF 760" tall. With both ends open. its fled until the mercury level in each tube 6 13.2 can froin the top. What is the largest Ailference in pressure this manonveter ‘can measure in units of rman Hat TZ GU m FP aasiatcanits OR nitrogen yas al eof 88.3 KPa. The Jevel of mercury in the Utube as 12.8 mmm Jower on the end open to the atynosphere, What isthe atinoapheric pressure an kPa? /{g.0 } P/ One end of an open-ended manometer ts ae connected 10 canister of unbnown fa% ‘The atmospheric pressure is 1483 atm. The mercury level i 18.6 mm higher in the U tube on the side apen to the atmosphere than on the side attached to the canister, What olen gas inn Hy? ) | BOT sma Htva voli of 458 mt. at a ind temperature of ‘Soure is changed, the ‘aL. If there has been 2A i copie = TORE-Of 2.45 La BeBtare of 1S ar eats ats 29. 3K, What volume will the gas occupy if the pressure ch: ‘anges to 0.980 atm and the temperatare remaing unchanged? We De. 46% 8. The cyliFLL car's engine tas a volume of 0.6250 L when the piston is at the bottom of the cylinder. When the piston is at the top of the cylinder the volume is 0.0600 L. If the cylinder is filled with air at an atmospheric pressure of 765.1 mm Hg when the piston is at the bottom, what is the pressure in units of kPa when the piston is at the top of the Gaon G65. l 6251) = +600 xX F VFO)! O13, ee oy pad A Rb Ee ‘small volume of the propellant gas at a sure of 34,470 Pa. The volume of the can is 473.18 mL. If the can is run over by the garbage truck and flattened to a volume of 13.16 mL, what is the pressure in Pa assuming the can doesn’t leak? Gur cea Lathe (= 1234-108 Efe : A ert oF argon Basis stored in a cylinder at a room temperature of 23.5°C anda of 78.6 Ib/in?. The sample is transferred completely to another 2.8 L cylinder. Several hours after the transfer, the creond cylinder has also attained room temperature. What is the pressure in the second cylinder in units of . (7 346) (10)? 9% fh 4-104 7 MOSS 2 Dag oT ke © Prenice-Hal, Inc. 6 What will be the von 1 the volume of a gas sample at 209 Kif its volume at 215 K is 342 L? Assume that pressure is constant. \ 342.» 215 “Boe [x= ace) 7. A.gas saimple at 83°C occupresa volume Of 1400 me At what temperature will occupy 1200 m*? 290 + 36 09 I ae 8. A tank of compressed CO, has a temperature of 23.6°C and a volume of 31.4 L. The CO, is completely transferred into a smaller tank that has a volume of 25.0. Assuming none of the CO, escapes during the transfer, what is the temperature of the CO, in the smaller tank if the temperature is lowered to achieve the same pressure as in the larger tank? Ls-dhbork 2 236 1 =] -3b. By L Bb ke 364 9, A tube of mercury at a room temperature of 224°C has a volume of 10.6 ml between the sealed end of the tube and the mercury. The sun rises and shines through a window on the tube and warms it to 27.8°C. If the atmospheric pressure remains constant, what is the new volume between the sealed end of the tube and the mercury? ae 2X [eTeskent 10. A Bidupih ets am’ at 100. K. At what Celsius temperature will its volume be 0.140 dm? Assume that pressure remains constant. as » M0dm?) 1, 133328 | wou } -140°U HotU Chapter 13. 1 |13-3 Practice Problems (continued) 11. AL75°C, a gas has a volume of 3:22 dm. What volume will it occupy at 75 K? yt x Saye (ean?) 12. A gas at 300. K occupies 6.50 dmn?. What will its volume be at 250. K? LS og 300 Ts Ve S42 dm? ] 13." What is the pressureof = mixture of helium, nitrogen, and. oxygen if their partial pressures are 600. mm Hg, 150. mm Hg, and 102 mm Hg? Goo4 1504108 L stom HY] 14. A flask contains a mixture of hydrogen: and oxygen. The pressure being exerted gases is 785 ‘by a manometer. Ifthe partial of the hydrogen in the mixture is 305 mm Hg, what is the partial pressure of the oxygen? LS mmr 345 mH Splinder is 776.134 mun Hg. Analyzing 6 Je, they find it contains oxygen, Saeens ey methane. What is the FI of the methane in units of 176° 191525 Foo ! m0 omer Got 084 fe] rr 16. The barometer shows the atmospheric pressure to be 762 mm Hg. What is the partial pressure of nitrogen if nitrogen makes up 78 percent of the air? yt) E510 m0! v. ven ec Yo) “oxygen is a scuba diver breathing if the total pressure is 63 atm, and 20. percegnol the air is oxygen? GB red [= Tetm ) 48. What is the-armospheric pressure if the ‘partial pressures of nitrogen, oxygen, and Ergon are 77-75 kPa, 19.94 kPa, and 1.99 KPa, respectively? Fas y 19a ehag (79407 KPa | ae 49, The gases carbon dioxide, oxygen, and argon are mixed in a container. All gases have the same partial pressure, and the total pressure of the container is 32,680 Pa, What is the partial pressure of argon? Bi? =| 20. The partial pressure of water vapor in 6 greenhouse is 199.0 mun Hig, which is of the total pressure. What is th total pressure in u 9 FIO mmbly pe [emmy 16 e ‘eprerece-4