“A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE LEVEL OF STRESS

AMONG THE WIVES OF ALCOHOLICS AND NON ALCOHOLI IN

SELECTED VILLAGES AT PUDUCHERRY”

A project submitted to the

College of Nursing

Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences

Affiliated to Pondicherry University

In Partial Fulfilment of Requirement for the

Degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing Programme

By

Mr. Dhayalan. T
Ms. Dhivya. R
Ms. Dilaiksini. M
Ms. Divya Lakshmi. A
Ms. Esther Sheelarani. J
Ms. Gajalakshmi. V
Ms. Hema. S
Ms. Indira. B
Mr. Javeeth Hussain. S
Ms. Jeevitha. P
Ms. Jemima Gifta Queen. Y

COLLEGE OF NURSING, PONDICHERRY INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL

SCIENCES, PUDUCHERRY

OCTOBER 2022
 A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE LEVEL OF STRESS
AMONG THE WIVES OF ALCOHOLICS AND NON ALCOHOLICS AT
SELECTED VILLAGES IN PUDUCHERRY

APPROVED BY IRB ON :________________________________

RESARCH GUIDE :_____________________________________

Sr.Dr. Mony.K, M.Sc(N)., Ph.D(N)
Professor cum Principal,
Dept. of Child Health Nursing,
College of Nursing,
Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences,
Puducherry.

CLINICAL GUIDE : _____________________________________

Mrs. Jakkulin Lilly Priya. C, M.Sc(N)., PCDNA, Ph.D (N)

Assistant Professor,
Dept. of Mental Health Nursing,
College of Nursing,
Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences,
Puducherry.

BIO-STATISTICIAN : __________________________
Dr. K. Ravichandran, Ph.D,
Assistant Professor,
Biostatistician,
Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences,
Puducherry.
Date:
Place: Puducherry
 COLLEGE OF NURSING

PONDICHERRY INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES

PUDUCHERRY

DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE

I hereby declare that project titled "A Comparative study to assess the level of stress
among wives of alcoholics and non-alcoholics in selected villages at Puducherry" is a bonafide
and genuine research work carried out by Mrs. Jakkulin Lilly Priya. C, Asst. Professor, Faculty of
College of Nursing, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry.

Mr. Dhayalan. T
Ms. Dhivya. R
Ms. Dilaiksini. M
Ms. Divya Lakshmi. A
Ms. Esther Sheelarani. J
Ms. Gajalakshmi. V
Ms. Hema. S
Ms. Indira. B
Mr. Javeeth Hussain. S
Ms. Jeevitha. P
Ms. Jemima Gifta Queen. Y
Mr. John Simon. A

Date:
Place: Puducherry

@ Copy Right Reserved To College of Nursing, PIMS, Puducherry

 COLLEGE OF NURSING

PONDICHERRY INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES

ENDORSEMENT BY HEAD OF THE INSTITUTION

I hereby certify that project titled " A Comparative study to assess the level of stress among

wives of alcoholics and non-alcoholics in selected villages at Puducherry" is a bonafide and

genuine research work done by Mr. Dhayalan. T, Ms. Dhivya. R, Ms.Dilaikshini. M , Ms. Divya

Lakshmi.A, Ms. Esther Sheelarani. J, Ms. Gajalakshmi.V, Ms. Hema. S, Ms. Indira. B, Mr.

Javeeth Hussain. S, Ms. Jeevitha. P, Ms.Jemima Gifta Queen.Y, Mr. John Simon. A in partial

fulfillment of requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Sciences in Nursing under the guidance of

Mrs. Jakkulin Lilly Priya. C, Asst. Professor, Faculty of College of Nursing, Pondicherry Institute

of Medical Sciences.

Seal ________________________
NAME & SIGNATURE
Sr. Dr. Mony. K, M. Sc (N)., Ph. D (N)
Professor cum Principal,
Dept of child health nursing,
College of Nursing,
Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences,
Puducherry.

Date:
Place: Puducherry
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

All praise to the Almighty God for his guidance and blessing showered upon us throughout
the study. We would like to acknowledge with gratitude the help rendered to us the people for the
successful completion of our dissertation.

We own a great deal of thanks to the Management, Director, Board members and Chairman
of Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry for giving us the opportunity to pursue our
study in this reputed Institute and for their constant support, prayerful blessings and good wishes. We
like to express our sincere gratitude to the Director Principal Dr. Anil. J. Purty, Pondicherry Institute
of Medical Sciences for giving us an opportunity to study in this esteemed Institution .

With deep sense of gratitude and respect, we would like to express our sincere thanks to our
respected Principal Sr. Dr. Mony.K, Professor cum Principal, Department of Child Health Nursing,
College of Nursing, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry for her valuable
suggestions, guidance and constant support throughout this project.

We express our sincere gratitude to the expert members of Institution Review Board,
College of Nursing, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry for their valuable
guidance, direction, valuable suggestions and approval of our study.

We wishes our whole hearted thanks to our Research guide Mrs. Jakkulin Lilly Priya. C,
Assistant Professor, Department of Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing , P.I.M.S for her
valuable suggestion, guidance, enduring support and timely motivation towards the completion of
this project.

We express our heartfelt thanks to Dr. Malarvizhi. S, Assistant Registrar, Professor and

Head, Department of Medical and surgical Nursing, College of Nursing , P.I.M.S, for her constant

support, guidance and valuable suggestions.

We express our heartfelt thanks to Dr. Navaneetha. M, Professor and Head, Dept. of
Community Health Nursing, Research Co- ordinator, College of Nursing, PIMS for her constant
support and guidance.
 We deeply obliged to Dr. Susan Solomon, M.D, Professor, Department of Psychiatry, PIMS,
Dr. Parthasarathy, Associate Professor, Dept. of Psychiatry, PIMS and Mr. Saravanan. S,
Assistant Professor, Clinical Psychologist, Dept. of Psychiatry, PIMS for their valid suggestions ,
guidance and support in carrying out the research.

Our Heartfelt thanks to Mrs. Christeen Brigid, Professor & Head, Department of Mental
Health Nursing, College of Nursing, P.I.M.S for her great support ,guidance and valuable
suggestions.

We thanks to Mrs. Lalitha R , Associate Professor , Department of Mental Health Nursing

for giving her valuable suggestions and guidance.

We specially thank Dr. K. Ravichandran, Assistant Professor, Bio statistician, PIMS, who
has contributed in the form of criticism and suggestions of every step of analysis and interpretation
of valuable data in the study.

We express our thanks to Library staff Mrs. Jeeji R. T & Mr. Ashok Kumar. R , College
of Nursing, PIMS.

Our sincere thanks to all the participants who have participated in this study and making this
study a successful one.

We express thanks to our friends and well- wishers who helped directly and indirectly in this
study. We would specially thank our beloved parents for their love, support and encouragement
towards carrying out this project successfully.

1. Mr. Dhayalan. T 7. Ms. Hema. S

2. Ms. Dhivya. R 8. Ms. Indira. B
3. Ms. Dilaiksini. M 9 . Mr. Javeeth Hussain. S
4. Ms. Divya Lakshmi.A 10. Ms. Jeevitha. P
5. Ms. Esther Sheelarani. J 11. Ms. Jemima Gifta Queen. Y
6. Ms. Gajalakshmi. V 12. Mr. John Simon. A
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGE

NO. NO.
I. INTRODUCTION

• Background of the Study 1

• Need of the study 2

• Statement of the problem 3

• Objectives 3

• Operational definition 4

• Hypothesis 4

• Delimitation
4
• Scope of the study.
5
II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 6

III. METHODOLOGY
• Research approach 13

• Research design 13

• Variables 13

• Setting of the study 13

• Population of the Study 14

• Sample, Sample size and Sampling Technique 14

• Sample Criteria 14

• Development and description of the tool 15

 • Validity of the tool 16

• Ethical Considerations 16

16
• Pilot Study
17
• Reliability of the tool

• Data Collection Plan

17

• Plan for Data Analysis 17

• Schematic representation of research methodology 19

IV ANALYSIS AND INTEPRATION OF FINDINGS 20

V DISCUSSION, SUMMARY, LIMITATION,

IMPLICATIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS
AND CONCLUSION

• Discussion
32
• Summary 34

• Limitation 34

34
• Implications
35
• Recommendations
35
• Conclusions

REFRENCES 36

APPENDICES

1.Certificate of Approval Nursing Research by Institutional

Review Board (IRB)

2. Letter seeking to conduct research study

i
3.Letter seeking experts opinion for content validity iii
4. Research Instruments/ Tools used vii

5. Content Validity Certificates

6. Pamphlets

7. Participant Information Sheet-English and Tamil

xvi
8. Consent Form-English and Tamil
xx

9. Photographs xxiv
 LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE

NO.
1. Distribution of demographic variables of wives of alcoholic and

wives of non- alcoholic

2. Comparison of level of stress among the wives of alcoholic and

wives of non- alcoholic

3. Distribution of the level of stress (wives of alcoholics and wives of

non-alcoholics) based on Perceived stress scale

4. Association between the level of stress among the wives of alcoholics

and wives of non- alcoholics

 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

NO.
NO.
1. Schematic Representation of Research Methodology

2. Distribution of level of stress among wives of alcoholics and wives

of non- alcoholics
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

1. f : Frequent
2. < : Less than
3. ≤ : Less than or equal to
4. > : More than
5. ** : Significant
6. * : Not significant
7. SD : Standard Deviation
8. et.al : And Others
9. H1, H2 : Research Hypothesis
10. r : Correlation
11. n : Sample Size
12. % : Percentage
13. p : Probability
14. WHO : World Health Organization
15. i.e : That is
16. SPSS : Sheldon Cohen Stress Scale
17. AUD : Alcohol Use Disorder
18. AUDIT : Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test
19. MQS : Marital Quality Scale
20. BDI : Beck Depression Inventory
21. SAD-Q : Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire
22. MCTS : Modified Conflict Tactics Scale
 ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

It's estimated that globally around 1.4 percent of the population have an alcohol use disorder.
About 2 billion people worldwide consume alcoholic drinks, which can have immediate and long
term consequences on health and social life. Over 76 million people are currently affected by alcohol
use disorders, such as alcohol dependence and abuse. The global average consumption was 6.18 liters
per person in the latest year available. Men are almost two times more likely to binge drink than
women. In 2019, 7% of men had an alcohol use disorder compared with 4% of women. alcohol
consumption – especially in excess – is linked to a number of negative outcomes: as a risk factor for
diseases and health impacts; crime; road incidents; and for some, alcohol dependence. Alcoholism is
linked to violence, disrupted family roles and impaired family communication and partly physical
and psychological illness. It also puts negative impact on the wives of alcoholic and they may develop
the feelings of hatred, self- pity, avoidance of social contacts etc and also puts them at the risk of
developing some psychological problems like anxiety, depression etc. Globally alcohol consumption
causes 2.8 million premature deaths per year. In 2016, 3 million deaths, or 5.3 percent of all global
deaths (7.7 percent for men and 2.6 percent for women), were attributable to alcohol consumption.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A comparative study to assess the level of stress among the wives of alcoholics and non
alcoholics in selected villages, at Puducherry.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1. To assess level the of stress among the wives of alcoholic and wives of non-alcoholic
2. To compare the level of stress among the wives of alcoholics and non-alcoholics
3. To determine association between the level of stress among the wives of alcoholics and non-
alcoholics with selected Socio-demographic variables.

METHODOLOGY

Non- experimental comparative study was used to assess the level of stress among the wives

of alcoholics and non- alcoholics. The study was conducted in selected villages at Puducherry. The
participants were selected through consecutive sampling technique. Data was collected by using

demographic variables and Sheldon Cohen Perceived Stress Scale. Data was analyzed by using

descriptive and inferential statistics.

RESULTS

Level of stress among wives of alcoholic 8% of the participants had low level of stress, 64%

of the participants had moderate level of stress and 28% of the participants had high level of stress.

Level of stress among wives of non- alcoholic 26% of the participants had low level of stress

and 74% of the participants had moderate level of stress.

CONCLUSION

The present study was concluded that most of the wives of alcoholics and non- alcoholics had

moderate level of stress.

Key words: Assess, the level of stress, wives of alcoholics and wives of non- alcoholics
CHAPTER-I
CHAPTER- II
CHAPTER- III
CHAPTER- IV
CHAPTER- V
REFERENCES
APPENDICES