C I

ii
Tonic
supertonic
Tonnetz graph Minor Pentatonic
Circle of Fifths
D
E iii mediant
C G D
F IV Subdominant G D A E B F# Db

G V Dominant G D A E B F# Db
vi b f# db ab Eb bb f
b I #
A
bo
submediant D A E
B subtonic, leading subtle B F# Db Ab Eb Bb F
IV V B F# Db Ab Eb Bb F Blues
e b
b b
f c g d a

C
Eb

Eb Bb F C G D A

G Eb Bb F C G D A
2b
VI #
b
F II
2# G
g
D
d
A
a
E
e
B
b
F #
f #

D b
db C G D

VII Am G D
#
A
b
E
b
B
b
F#
b
Db D A E
b f d a E b f
Dm Em IV I V
Bb Bo
D B
B
F#

F #
Db

D b
Ab

A b
Eb

E b
Bb

B b
F
F
Gm Eo F#o
Bm E b
eb
B b
bb
F
f
C
c
G
g
D
d
A
a

Ao C#o
g
L
#
3b II III b
E b
Cm D o
G #o
Fm #
A VI 3# C
C
G
PRL
C
C
C
C
C
C 5th
e major

r
3rd
no

no
Go D#o a
E
S H

mi

mi
Fm PA

ma
# LPL
C o Cm LPR
C minor

3rd

3rd
#o
A

jor
o A
F
E
C
b 5th
A Bm b
G#m III F
f RLP
C Db
db a
A b
ab

A
VIb EDm b #
4# C R
V #
N Mixolydian G
4b Db B Lydian F Ionian C F C
ionian C

F#Gb ionian C
F
ionian C d
F
IV a
F
F
C
C
G

IIb VII d ii vi d a e
F C G D A C G D A E G D A E
I# 5# C G
Vb F
a
C
e
G
b o I e V bo G
bo
iii viio
5b IV# A E B E B B

6b/6# Locrian Bo
Phrygian Em ionian C ionian C
Dorian Dm F Aeolian Am F C F C G F C G D
ionian C ionian C F F C F C G
d d d a d a e
F C G D A C G D A G D A E D A E B
F C G C G G G
d a e bo a e bo e bo bo
D A E B A E B E B B

E F F# G Ab A Bb B C Db D Eb E
G Ab A Bb B C Db D Eb
E F F#
E F F# G A b
A B b
B C D b
D E b
E F F# G Ab A Bb B
B C Db D Eb

G Ab A Bb B C Db D Eb E F F# G Ab A Bb B C Db D Eb E F F# G
D Eb E F F# G Ab A Bb B C Db D Eb E F F# G Ab A Bb B C Db D
A Bb B C Db D E b
E F F #
G b
A b
B C D
A B Db Eb E F F# G A b
A
E F F# G Ab A B
Bb C Db D Eb E F F# G Ab A C D
Bb B Db Eb E

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24