Gouty Arthritis

Gouty arthritis, commonly known as gout, is a type of

inflammatory arthritis characterized by sudden, severe

attacks of pain, swelling, redness, and tenderness in

the joints, often affecting the big toe.

Types of Gouty Arthritis:

There are two main types of gouty arthritis:

1. Acute Gout

2. Chronic Gout

Cause of Gouty Arthritis:

Gout is caused by elevated levels of uric acid in the

blood, known as hyperuricemia.

Signs and Symptoms of Gouty Arthritis:

- Tenderness to touch.

- Limited range of motion in the joint.

- Fever, in some cases.

Diagnostic Findings of Gouty Arthritis:

- Elevated serum uric acid levels (>6.8 mg/dL).

- Synovial fluid analysis showing the presence of

needle-shaped rate crystals.

- Imaging studies (X-rays, ultrasound, or CT scans)

may show joint damage or the presence of tophi in

chronic gout.

Treatment or Management of Gouty Arthritis:

- Acute attacks: NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-

inflammatory drugs), colchicine, or corticosteroids to

relieve pain and inflammation.

- Lifestyle modifications: Low-purine diet, weight loss,

reduced alcohol intake.

- Medications to lower uric acid levels (urate-lowering

therapy): Allopurinol, febuxostat, probenecid.

- Avoidance of triggers: Certain foods (e.g., red meat,

organ meats, seafood), alcohol, and medications that

can increase uric acid levels.

Management of gouty arthritis aims to relieve

symptoms, prevent future attacks, and reduce the risk

of complications such as joint damage and tophi

formation. Regular monitoring of uric acid levels and

adherence to treatment are essential for effective

management.