Phonetic Symbols

Consonants
No. Symbols Example Words
1 /p/‫پ‬ pen/pen/ peep/piːp/
2 /b/‫ب‬ big/bɪg/ babe /beɪb/
3 /t/‫ت‬ ten /ten/ let /let/
4 /d/‫د‬ den /den/ red /red/
5 /k/‫ك‬ key /kiː/ cake /keɪk/
6 /g/‫گ‬ get /get/ leg /leg/
7 /s/ ‫س‬ see /siː/ guess /ges/
8 /z/‫ز‬ zoo /zuː/ buzz /bʌz/
9 /ʃ/‫ش‬ shoe /ʃuː/ wish /wɪʃ/
10 /ʒ/‫ژ‬ measure /ˈmeʒə/ treasure /ˈtreʒə/
11 / tʃ / ‫چ‬ check /tʃek/ watch /wɒtʃ/
12 / dʒ / ‫ج‬ jet /dʒet/ judge /dʒʌdʒ/
13 / f/‫ف‬ fan /fæn/ laugh /lɑːf/
14 / v/‫ڤ‬ van /væn/ wave /weɪv/
15 / w/‫و‬ wet /wet/ wait /weɪt/
16 / j/‫ى‬ yes /jes/ you /juː/
17 / h / ‫هـ‬ hen /hen/ hat /hæt/
18 / θ/‫ث‬ thin /θɪn/ thought /θɔːt/
19 / ð/‫ذ‬ then /ðen/ that /ðæt/
20 / m/‫م‬ men /men/ name /neɪm/
21 / n/‫ن‬ no /nəʊ/ phone /fəʊn/
22 / ŋ / ‫نگ‬ ring /rɪŋ/ sang /sæŋ/
23 / l / ‫ ڵ‬،‫ل‬ let /let/ tell /tel/
24 / r / ‫ ڕ‬،‫ر‬ rat /ræt/ read /riːd/
 Vowels
No. Symbol Example Words

1 / iː / )‫ (درێژ‬/‫ی‬/ feet /fiːt/ leap /liːp/

2 /ɪ/ )‫(كورت‬ /‫ى‬/ fit /fɪt/ lip /lɪp/

3 / e / /‫ێ‬/ men /men/ bed /bed/

4 / æ / /‫ا‬/ man /mæn/ bad /bæd/

5 / ʌ / /‫ه‬/ mud /mʌd/ nut /nʌt/

6 / ɑː / )‫(درێژ‬/‫ا‬/ fast /fɑːst/ pass /pɑːs/

7 / ɒ / /‫ۆ‬/ top /tɒp/ rock /rɒk/

8 / ɔː / )‫(درێژ‬/‫ۆ‬/ fall /fɔːl/ lord /lɔːd/

9 / ʊ / /‫و‬/ book /bʊk/ foot /fʊt/

10 / uː / /‫وو‬/ boot /buːt/ food /fuːd/

11 / ɜː / )‫(درێژ‬/‫ێ‬/ girl /gɜːl/ bird /bɜːd/

12 /ə/ )‫(زۆر كورت‬/‫ه‬/ a lot /əˈlɒt/ apart /əˈpɑːt/

13 / eɪ / /‫ێى‬/ mail /meɪl/ May /meɪ/

14 / aɪ / /‫اى‬/ fly /flaɪ/ buy /baɪ/

15 / ɔɪ / /‫ۆى‬/ boy /bɔɪ/ boil /bɔɪl/

16 / aʊ / /‫او‬/ cow /kaʊ/ house /haʊs/

17 / əʊ / /‫هو‬/ sold /səʊld/ low /ləʊ/

18 / ɪə / /‫يه‬/ beer /bɪə/ dear /dɪə/

19 / eə / /‫ێه‬/ hair /heə/ rare /reə/

20 / ʊə / /‫وه‬/ sure /ʃʊə/ pure /pjʊə/

 How to pronounce these letters
1. (th) /θ/ : ‫ث‬
e.g.: think, thick, thin, thought, thing, teeth, earth, bath .....
2. (th) /ð/ : ‫ذ‬
e.g.: this, these, those, than, leather, bathe.......
3. (ch) /tʃ/: ‫چ‬
e.g.: chair, cheese, check, chicken, church, beach, bench, beech.......
4. (ch) /k/: ‫ك‬
e.g.: character, Christmas, school, ache, stomach..........
5. (ch) /ʃ/: ‫ش‬
e.g.: chef, machine, machete .........
6. (sh) /ʃ/: ‫ش‬
e.g.: she, shout, shall, show, splash, ash.......
7. (sio) /ʃ/: ‫ش‬
e.g.: mansion, expression, discussion......
8. (tio) /ʃ/: ‫ش‬
e.g.: relation, education, national........
9. (ph) /f/: ‫ف‬
e.g.: phone, pharmacy, photograph (nephew ‫ڤ‬/‫ ف‬, shepherd ‫ پ‬:‫( ئهمانه شازن‬
10. (gh) /f/: ‫ف‬
e.g.: enough, cough, laugh, rough, tough, laughter, draught.......
night, high, fight, weight, caught ... : ‫(هكان له وشهكانى زمانى ئينگليزيدا ناخوێنرێنهوه وهك‬gh)‫ زۆربهى‬:‫تێبينى‬

11. (g) /ʒ/:: ‫ژ‬

e.g.: garage, regime, rouge
12. ‫ بزوێن‬+ s + u /ʒ/:: ‫ژ‬
e.g.: usual, casual, usurer.......
13. ‫ بزوێن‬+ sio /ʒ/: ‫ژ‬
e.g.: conclusion, decision, inclusion, division .............
14. ‫ بزوێن‬+ sure /ʒ/: ‫ژ‬
e.g.: measure, pleasure, treasure, leisure ...........
15. (g) + e, i /dʒ/: ‫ج‬ 16. ( j) /dʒ/: ‫ج‬
e.g.: magic, original, wage, gem........ e.g.: joke, reject, object, subject