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    5 views118 pages

    1979 - Плиска-Преслав - Проучвания и материали - том 4

    Uploaded by

    цецко тодоров

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    | BoADAPCKA AKAAEMMA HA HAYKIATE, i MAHCKA — NPECAAB Bb/PAPCKA AKAQEMHA HA HAYKUTE YKPEMHTEBHBIE COOPY2EHAS| NAIHCKH MH MPECIABA TOM 4 MsaATEALCTHO GOAFAPCKOM AKAAEMME HIAYK « COBIIR 188 APXEOMOFHYECKH HNCTHTYT WMYSER TIAMCKA-TIPEGAAB YKPEMMTEJIHHTE CbOPbXKEHHA HA IIJIMCKA HM MPECJIAB TOM 4 JE EN COmMH. 1985 M3MATEJICTBO HA BATAPCKATA AKAJEMMS HA HAYKHTE PEZAKUMOHHA KOJEFHA Ausumsp Anzeaos (raves peraxrop), Zusumep Osuapos, Pawo Pawes, Tom Tomes Orrosopen peaakrop Ha toma — Jumumsp Osvapos EO ox 941 5 05) YKPEMMTEJINHTE CbOPbKEHHS! (npoyusanns 1 pesyatarn) Heropusra sia npoysoaninra evpxy yKpe uireamrre citereNmt ita cpeaniouexonmte | Guat Fapekn cromun TLuieka 1 Tpecaan € novewe or ocemaecerroanuina. Ta aanowea owe» xpaa wa NINA BeK, KOFaTO Nod PLKOBOACTBOTO Ha ©. Yenewexn w K. Ukopnna ce npowexaar vp: site apxeorornveckit paskonxit 9 TlauteKa, 1 npoawrkasa 20 wai aunt. PaxGupa ce, npes TOI ADAM Hepox OT BpeMe wuTepecvT KEAt ameriiuitte wa KpenoctMara apxnTeKTypa He € Gri HoctoRHen H TAXHOTO Hay¥anaHe He € BuIA papionepno, Morar na ce ovGeaexat usKOAKO OcHownN NoMeHTa B TesK nNpoyuBanus. Thupaust or Tax € cwnpsan © oTKpHBaHeTO 1 HauaciitTe pasKonkH Wa vere Kpenocti. TIpes 1899—1900 r. p Flaucka ca paskonann Matos. nara 1 Cenepiata xpenocta rlopra wa KaMenHa- Ta Kpenoct, ANd KPUra H EAHA NeTOBrBAHA KY- Ja, KaTO B Hall-oGuLH YepTit ca ycTaHOBeNMt ¢pop- Mara pasMepiite Ha saeMaHaTa ykpenena NOU. TIpea 1905 r. 3a npwe mer ce mpovewaar paaKor Kit i FIpecaan, KegeTo acTHiHo ca pasKonaNit Cenepuara nopra wa Brrpemuus rpaa 4 cene PoustowMaTa Kpwraa wraosa Kya. C Towa aK TWNecKi MpHKAONRA MepeNsT eran Ha Mpoys- panara. Ha Gasata Ha mopsowavaannre wa6- mozenns K. Ulkopnia woxasa Tonpaoto y6ex- enue 38 GbarapcKHA mpowsxoa Ha oprixpi- KalWOHNTe CLOPEACHIA K NpeAAOKH Mepuara Mat Xponosornvecka KaacnipiKauiA B romiuire Mexay avere cnerooun nofintt BHHMaNHeTO Ha HacaenBaMTe CbBCeM PRAKO € Mpupaiiano oT MpoGsewa sa yKpensnanero Ha commute. Cano K, Musites. paGorit no-nactos eao 0 Hotownara xpenocta etena » Tlancka W no cesepiara crena na Mpecaan, Tlepwoxst caex cropnveckara nobeaa na 9. 1X. 1944 r, GerexH HOB eTan B wAKOCTHOTO npoysiaane wa cpeauopexonnara GwarapcKa Ky.1 Typa, Gave Tosa He BHACA CBULeCTHEHIL NPOMEN 8 paakonananeto Ha Kpenoctuiite crew. B msp- BITE HAKOAKO FON ce HaBHpMinaT camo Mac THM MpoysBanHA nO cTeHHTTe Ha BYTpeUHTe YKPenAeHNs Ha ABeTe CTOAMM, KONTO BCBULHOCT HnpencTasaRsat npoRbaxenite iM AOBRpUiIBaHe Ha o-pannnite wacaeananus. Exoa no-Kxciio 3a- NowBaT Mo-UeTeHacoNeHH HSAMPHAKHS, pH KOH To ca paskonani 1Oxuara nopra wa [pecan (B. Hisaviosa), Cesepyata_nopra wa swmuinara Apecnasexa ‘xpenoct (T. Toten), Sanaanara (C. Muxaiiao) u 1Oxnara (A. Muaveo) nopta Mauera—Uipecsas, 4. Coun, 1985 HA TWIMCKA Hi MPECJIAB na Tlaucka, C rova Gaxa nanpaenn cepuosit npunioc w oopwxneTo ia eaMa sio-ws.A0eTHA npeactaa sa npmmunniTe wa warpaaaane Kpenoctuirte evctestit 1a sata rpaga Kavecruenio on eran 8 oGuata paGora no vacaeapaueto a TLaicka mn Fpecsas cnex 1970 r, Heo6xouinoctra or KoMmaeKcHo wayNanaile wa cTapoGearapeKara KYATYpa Ao: bee 40 MaeKTa 3a CLaAapaHeTO a eaNMiLa Mpo- pana sa paskonapane 1 npoy¥eane wa Bete par uit eros, Cosaaaenn G8Xa HAKOAKO mpobaext WH rpymi, Mpea KOHTO Ge nocraneno paapeu BaHeTO Ha OCHOBHH 11 BBs40BH BUNPOEH OT Mare: puaanara ayxosiava KyaTypa Ha paxwocpea- Nonekoantara enioxa. Hpa6orena Ge Koun.1eKcHo- eaesa nporpana, KORIO npeaBitAname coHe- ‘TapaneTo Wa Hay4nitTe H3AMpBANHA ¢ NpOGaeMuTe Ha KONcepaaluisra, wactHMHaTa pecTagpallis 1 ekenonaunsta Ha naNerHiunte. Cie TaacK Tas HacoKa Jade cbananaHeTo 1a OGutonapoa- Hus! KowHteT 3a npoysigane Ha Mancka w TIpec Jap, € KOeTO sscaeAganHATa NpHAOGHXa Ae erpirreanio o6ulonapoaen Xapaxtep it auavente. TIpea npoGaemnara rpyna sa wscs1easane na ykpenurennirte ceoppacenin na Tancka it Mpecaan Gaxa noctagenn orronopxn saaaait 3a NAACHABAHE Ha KONCTPYKTHBMHTe 1 cTporTe.t ocoGenocti Ha pannocpeaovexonnata «opti uxauiis, aa hopwara wa oraeauuTe orGpaunres HH enenenTH (nopTH, —KYaH ML ap.), 3a Bpe MeTO Ha TAXHOTO HWaTpAxAaHe MW oNeHeHHATA, KOWTO acroneaT B TAX npes pasanumiTe WCTO- piveckn evant na passutie, Karo ywacramun & rpynara Gaxa BKAOMeNN roaKM Gpol apxeo- aos (niosexe oT 20) or Apxeozoriiveckits 1H crityr wysei npn BAH Herons iaiaa 6 Ilynen, or peanua stysen 8 erpanara — Hanno- HaAWHS noeHHONeTOpHNeckH| My3eM, HauwHowact HHA MOANTEXHIYECKIT MYSeM, OF OKPRABHTE HET: puteckn uysen p Topropmue, Baaroeerpaa Kepaxaan, Cuoaan it ap. B pesyarat wa teat nour aecerroanmnn Tepennn paGorn Gaxa paskonann snairTeann wactH OT KpenlocTitiTe cTeHi Ha ABeTe cTOAMIUL Mpoywenn iusto ca sanaqnara, wxNaTa HI rowwara erena a Tawexa ¢ npiiaexauuste Kpenoctiit KYAl, a CDiLO Taka Gsixa OTKpHTH HeapecTHit AOcera CROpHAEHIIN, HenOcperCTBEHO coupsan ¢ Or6panara (raiiwist noxseMen 1303 pw wxHata creva). 3a npve mbt GAXa Hs6Bp- leHH apXeoaorMMeckit pasKONKH Ha NAMICKOB- cus seuiten naa. B Mpectas axa paskonann cesepara crea Ha stpenmara Kpenoct 1 ¥e- Tp NpasowrmaNN Kya, KAKTO MW ceBepHara erevia a mo-panuoro BoeuNo yxpenente, Fo: Jeni wacTit oT HaToNHaTa cTena i Ge AOBBpillEHO askonapaniero wa wxNATA Tena, OrKpHTH 6s: Xa we Hopi nopri na Butpeunus rpaa, yerauo: BetiH Gxa OcoGenocTiITe w rpaxexa Ha NKIMNaTA xpenoctna crena. Hasppuvennre saana6osent waGaoaenns no Bpene Ha pasKonkilre Aaqoxa swAMOKHOCT 1a ce oTroRopit wa peamita mBnpocs!, KONTO ADcera AXA HeAOeTATWNHO HaseHeN Wall aMeKyeHOHHL Taxa nanpunep Tavpao MOXE Xa ce Kame Deve, Ne Kanenvara xpenocrua crena na TLancKa wana AHTHMEH MAM KBCHOAHTHNEH NpONSXOX HIT no OTHOUeNNe Ha cTpowTeawata TexiNKa, MitTO no OTuowenie wa wsnoaaeaHiiTe naaHoBH cxewi Branpienafixit Teopeckm nxKON CTpowTeaHH nO xpaTit Ha MecTHaTa eTpoNTeaHa TPAAMLNA W CD¥e- Tanafikit rH yNeo c TpaanunonNTe 3a ctennaTa Kyatypa crpowreann Meroai, OwarapnTe ci3- Aapat eH opiiriiaana M oTropapsua Ha co Dpenennite couaaHo-HKOHOMIIYeCKH HaHICKBANNA Kpenioctita cicTeMa, B KOTO € GuAO cBNeTaHO AvpBeHO-seN.teHOTO \¢ KaNeHHOTO crpoHreacrBo. Crpewexst KEM MOHYNENTaANSEM HL npencTaBH- Teanocr Ha rpazewiite e Gi Mapas Ha KeaanHeTO Ja ce yrespan XaHckara Baact, a Ypes ToBa 1 pectinxeT a HoBocesaaxenata xvpxasa. Hac- TRNWANTE NO-KBCHO HoMeHeHHT B KPenocTHIITE Telit, KONTO OCobeHO AcHO ce OTKPORBAT H_npo- caeassat MpH MopTHTe M KyaNTe, ce BARAT OT- Paxeuie Ha no-HavaTeMHOTO pasBiTie Hyco Bepiuencreyane wa TeXHNKaTa a rpazex i QopruguKanHOHHoTO MsKYcTIO 8 cperHOBeKOB- ata GparapcKa xBpKana Tunawnxara Ha paspitHeTo Nowe Hafi-206pe ‘a ce npocaean » Tpecciap, KwaeTo or MaaKata BoenHa Kpenlocr-ay1 wapactRat ce pasBH- bat pilytiiTeana ykpenireana cietema, sau Masaua wosata GuarapeKa ctoamua, odopNen georaaen rpaa. BaxHo ciexcTaMe OT eXHOBpeNeHHOTO npoyy- pane wa Tlauexa u Mipecstan Ge ycranopasanero Wa roamMata GausocT wexAY TexitiTe ykpentt- TeaNM CHOPwKENHA KAKTO NO OTHOWHHE Ha H3- Noaiynannre crpowreaun Marepyaan w texumKH, Taka Ho OTHOMeNMe Ka OOuLNTe BoeHHOTAKTHE MeCKiH KOILENIUH, Ha Gasara Ha KONTO ca GiaH marpagenit. Comeapewenio Gaixa yetanonent i ones pasanns, KONTO GeaexaT DWixoamMaTa W311 pasBlitie, NPOAWKTYNANa OF NeropH. Neckata neo6xo,unocr. CouuioeTta anaMenneTo 11a mpoy¥sanista a _xpenoctuntre erent na Tlaucka Hi Mpecaan NaaxpypanT nocranennte B Ha¥asoTo saqavit Tpocaesinanero na xapaxtepa m ocobenoctite KpenioctHoTo eTpouTe.teTSO crloMorHa 3a Waste apaNe ia WAAOCTHOTO pasBMTiKe 1a ADeTE CTO Mt, Ja OTHOCHTeANaTa, aD iisnecTHa crenen M aGcomoTnara nepnoawsaiuin wa oTgeaniTe era Tit B TexnHa xuBoT. Meta iieaeananniTe KyaTypiin mtactone noxpait Kpenoctuata ctenta foae0anxa aa ce oGoraTs naumTe MpeacraoH 34 paatnunuTe WcTOpHNECKH eNOXi M CHOTHO: lenitero Ha o6ranawara nou ¢ KpenoctHara crena. TIpi paskonxute GxxXa a06uTH MHOrO Mta- Tepiain, KONTO otpaaavar ® eaila Man apyra cTenen pasanwnn crpanit oF Marepnaanis Way” XOBHNA AKHINOT Ha CTOAHHOTO HaceclenHe Mper enoxata na TIypsoro Guarapcxo uaperso. Mpeaaarannsit eGopunx e ean men say: Mew oTNeT 32 HaBBpilieHaTa orpoNHa paGora mpea ocaeqmitre roaHHH i p Hero Ne ca BKaIONeHH caMO HAKON npenBapitreanit cRoGueHItA cra TWH, KONTO Gaxa Be¥e OTne¥aTaMH. OcHOBHOTO BHIINaHNe B mpencTapennTe cTatHM e HacoveHo ecrecTaeHo KA sagbAGoNeHaTa XapaxTepHcTHKa Ha ykpemireaantTe CvopBeHHA, HO ca SacerHaTit noapo6Ho m a0GuTuTe pesyaTaTH 8 pasKonaMuTe naout Kpall cTenwTe ¢ orale, Ha TAXHaTa Xpo- wonorHa mM nepwogiaauna. ToxHoTo onicaHie na dakTiveckte AaMH © MpHApymeHo OT exit CTpemex uM HcTOpHecKO OeMNCARHE Ha Gaioxennsra. 3a Toba cnomarar HecpMHeNO pas HooOpasHata w Gorata AOKyMeHTalLiA, 1 HLI10- ctpatiomnat warepian. Pas6upa ce, Tosa e osiavasa, Ye e H3BBpIlIeHO H OKOHYaTeAHO pas- Peulapane Ha ueaHA CaOKEH KOMN.IeKC OT Mpo- Grew, HO BBH OT BCRKO CHMHEHHE e, Ne MyGni- Kypaniire Hseaeqoanus we GeaaT werino rpaxino 3 no-HaTaTBUIHHITe HacaeRBAHIR. Ausumep Oovapoa 3EMJIEHOTO YKPEIWIEHHE HA TJIMCKA Pawo Pawee Orposmuat seen aarep p naKeKoncKoro hove wecbMeno € eal OT Hai-onyunTeauuTe aMeTHKIM Ha cTapoTo reMHoNacHINHO erpostTea: cro 8 wauiitre sewn. To oGxnata Ha ykpene- nara ch Tepitropia (23,3 kw?) Toh ce Hapencta caen aarepa npn Hixyanuea 8 Cesepna 1106: pyaKa (48 xe), saemaiixn etopo MsicTo cpex ChopwaxeiiiTa OT Toa THM a noayoctpoBa. Ocerontestete0T0, eB paniKitte ta Toba ykpert Jenne ce HaNupar ocraiitTe Ha mypaara cto- anita va Jlyxascka Boarapua, ro npasit naver- Wilk OT MBppoctenenno suavenme 3a pannara GwarapeKa ieTopHA Tiupante caetenna 2a naiteKoacKoro sextaeno ykpentenne avamin Ha K. Hpevex, noceriia pasnacmunte oKo10 Toranauinoro c. AGo6a npe> 1884 r, Tofi rosopH sa ocrank or seNaen saa W pos’ mpagH KpaTKo omitcanNe Ma yKpenae- NuleTO cnopea asctpiicKaTa reepaautaGya Kap: tal. Tesit cnexenns ca BK=ONeNH H © HanecTHaTa My xwura [TeryBania no Buarapia'. MaKap Ne NeIIKHST y¥eK Ne B3eNa KONKPeTHO OTHOME- wwe no BHMpoCA 3a AaTHPOBKATA Ay, HtaKAxaHOTO OT Hero Mpeamioaoxenne 3 OTHAKReCTAMDANeTO na aGoGeKitte crapnHi ¢ GwarapeKna rpaa Fane: ka or X—XI a. Ge mypaata ommpania To¥Ka 3a JoKaausupateTo TY Ma Mbpaata ObarapeKa croamma THavexa or VII—IX p. Kakto ei3- necTHo, Tas 3acayra npHnaaaexn wa GparR Kapea’n Xepnenriiaa Wxopntia, 3uanenareano e, Ne eqiit OF TexHiITe apryMentH Ge cxoneTaoTO Na aGo6ckoTo esiteHO Yxpenaenie ¢ apyrit noxo6in cHopwakenua 8 Hatowa Buarapis, AaTHIpaHN OT TAX B NepHoxa Ha cpeAOBeKOBHATa Gwarapexa awpxava. Eana roawna npean na- an0T0 Wa “nepaitte paaxonkit npit AGo6a Te nmuiat: ,3a4yan Hm moctpofikata Ha oxona, Konto © WanbAHO Could, KAKTO MPH norpaHnN ust oxon Epxecis."* Mocaeasaaute npes 1889— 1900 r. paskomKN m orkpHtTata Mako m0-KKCHO Yataaapeka KoxoHa HanBANo noTeupAHXa TAX- oto cTaHosiute. B nyGauxysauun ov¥er sa paskonxuTe e BKAIONEHO HH NOAPOGHO ONMcare. Ha sedizeHNS nan w pon’, Bea ociona wa o6uuite peayararn K. Ulkopmia otiacn ctpowresctaoto 1a BBit HH JENITEH MONE KEM MepHONa HenlocpercTBeKO cxeq NacTaninanero Ha npaGearapTe 0 AM Cenepoustouna Bearapus®, Herosoro cranoamue ce HAIOKH B ANTepaTypara iI MpoxBADKaRA AA ce Mawcra—Mpecaas, 4. Copun, 1985 cones Ges pesepan w auec. He © auaoxno, aH He € HeoGxOMUNO Aa ce HAGpoANAT BCHNKH aBTopH, cMipaait BMiMaHMeTO CH Ha aeMAeHOTO Ypenenute 8 Fanteka, Toit karo Tona e npanexo NiMOXOION Ht YI OCHOA Ha OGNapoaBannte pes 1905. or K. Ulkopnna aannn. Kaxto ¢ wapectTHo, Te ce HaMepminat € oniicanie Ha eBit lunte Gees wa naa H posa. Jo 1974. ne GHA Hanpapert witTo eAKH paspes, KoiiTO Gu Aa ueAeHI 34 KOHCTPYKWMIRTA Ha COpwACHHATA Cnopea JL Kpsnakaton » acre pasrosop ot 21 wapr 1943 r. K. Wkopniia wy cvoGuuna, se Np cONA@KH nO cevepHHA Bar B TaneKa cae 1905 r. waNepiia Taw caea or aBpuem noctpoiixn*™ (naancaan — 6. a., P. P.). UKop: MHA OGave mtKDAe He cHoMeNana 3a nox0GuIL COMABKHL, AOKYNENTAMLHA 3a TAX HE Ce CHAKPAA HW cpea Mavepliaaure or werosus apxita BAH. Moxe 6H ctana AYMa 3a conaama, HanpaseH oT K. Ulkopniia npean 1905 r. na cenepaia naa, € wea Aa Gbaar norepeesit ocraHKit OF ABpaent evopemenits.” Crea or crap HaKOM Bypxy ce BepHHA ckKtOH Ha pata AnuaT aNec Ha 110M amano or raapitiin cenepen oxox. Jiuncara wa curypHn AaMK 3a KONCTPYK- ara H mepsonavacmutTe pasveplt Ha Bata M1 po- a OTNaaHa Hataraxa ciieuitacnll apxeosorueckit npoy'oanus. Te Oaxa nponerenn npes 1974 1976 r. Karo act OT mporpasara 3a paaKonKit 8 Tlavcka spe sprska ¢ 1300-roanuinns wGnaeh Ha Guarapexata avprkana Tpeant aa iiasoKHM peay:rtatiTe, ute orGene- aust, eB ceralllNOTO cH CHETORNNE Bayt I Poser sHaNiTeaHO ce OTANYaBAT OT MBpBOHaNaA- Mutt cH pita. MuoropeKosHoTo aeficteNe Ha ar Nocihepurre ipakTopi, a HanocaenyK it NallNKHA- a o6pa6orKa wa seuara ca npituitna Ha otaeanit NecTa BaIyT Aa e NOTH yHilMOKeH, a post — sampaven. Hail-aoGpe aauuirnite CyopwaxeHint a aana3eHN no cesepuara AUHKIX Ha yxpenae- nvero (o6p. 1, 2). B uaxon oree¥xit no samag- Hava AMS, palmer iL posuT cumto ce oTKposBAT orveranso (06p. 3). IOxHara amma e ciLaHo O6e3- aMNeHa Mopanit eRcexCTBOTO cH CHE CHBpeMeHtHO~ ro ¢. Faweka. Mourn wausino e aaanven earet Ma NoToMnata anna, Ho 1a Mecta poawT e 33 fase a Mypaouauaainre eu paswepi. TasM Kap- Tita e 106pe AoKywentTnpana owe or K. UlKop- MMA pea Hanpewstitre nposiiau, cHeTit B panaMty- Mit TOWKHE Ha” ykpenaeHneTo™. 6p. 1. Hseaed om cevepnama aunus ma uxpensenuemo (sanadna noweura) ies er yspensenuema TM TEXIMYECKIE epeterna. ule ce OKaKE He EHALEA TONE MH HaweKXa HeMepwaneTO Ha TIME Ha YKpeNLAeNteTO, MAX AKON pasauKil ¢ paawepite Choper wero Wst0 UKaTa ANN! Ca WAPI HOT AL, HO HE DUEHOCT Til Kato neposiTio Kiar raw nog ua nocosenara or Ulkopmua Noka Aa GuAE npoue- fe axa HaGpamN TaKiINA ceKTOpHL a poua, KBAeTO Te ca Hail-toGpe sanate: nn, Baxa wanpagenn meer sanpe pes TOUKI, OFAatewenH Ha 0,20, at. Ovobeno naa, KbAeTO More ‘of AMpueHH cop Paspes 1, Hawupa cei 1 cenepelt uxor. Hake wa 2M OGXwANLALNE Wa 1M Gepwara, Baur ¢ 1 AUPXY METH XYMye Ha savapel 5, 7,). Ceton ce or cee leesnaKno xeGecH 50. sanaawo or 6p. 2. Hseaed om ceeeprama aunun na uRpenaenuemo (usmoena nosoauKa) npocaofixi, Hail-roay. w uewtpaanata sy act, € tacinata ciiwowepia npxcr, NonTo HO ust WetpykTypa He ce Oraiaua oF craplin XYMyeeH cxoil, OvepiAME TH MpOIXOAAA OT UpoKortana Hero na XyMyea 6 ovepranusita Ha powa. Bups ves ce peayoat tpt mpucsoin, ao HoctenenHo wiGaeqnina Ao eMuorKDAT. Tec wafswranay Tek MOI € HO-TRMEN AE Ho coerna nostr. To. sbrpentiitt ex.ton ta nara BUPAY ABOeA AOKI ALLaCT. OF HoTYpAL Oe neprea. TloaoGen eneran usta tail-opmia naacr fo BHM ck.20N Ha vata. Ty Ge pas peaen Ges cHoiKA ta WMBOTO ita savapenun Te peut, Tas ornectia noauopna crea © yKpenuasia Sciosata Na Bada He MpedoTHparanara epo: sta my. Tupaonaiaanara impose na vst @ uaa 12m (ance 18x), a oheosnusta sy oxo.10 3 w (tee 2,25 v1). Pear it expyntypara na onucamine upocaoiint Honasear, ve To © Gna oF pona, Taxiara noccexowatetnoct ia slarpyt poba, Taka Ne sarepiiatsr oF ropulite waactose 1B pona Wee AEKIE H OcHONATA Ha waa, a Mate puaaut or Awioro My — wa Momypxnoerta ta Memay naga powa una panna naouaaKa (Gepwa). Tae chusiaaaaa © wiwore Ka saBapennst Tepe W ne e Gia NapKupana. HarpynawuT anlocsleneTBHe BBPSy Mes XYMYE MH eB.AeMeNUT 9 oe 06p. 4. Maan na sessenomo uxpenaenue (no K. Mrop- nus) © aecmama na paypeaume OF Basa paswur Meprea ca cTecHHaH wpowmnara # or 8,50 na 5,50m. Haii-cuayo e nposenia mopsovavaanna cH sua poset. Ha ayoTo my ce € HacaoMa HacHn, neGer 2m. Typsonavaanata wy xpaGounna € ‘44.50 m, umposnuara — 16 w. B pankite Ha H3Kona caeaH OF ABpaent cbo- PDAEHUA, CBDPSAHH C KONCTPYKUNATA Na Bana, He Gaxa’orxputH. Enincraenite waxoaKn ca WAKOAKO KepaMuain Gparmenta. OT TAX ocew Ce NawepHxa 20 syTpeUINi'® KPa Ha Bata 8 TON” kava, KbleTO CORT OT pasaomeH Meprea 3a5Bp- luipa Wa WHDOTO Ha sapapenus Tepes. Mpewucre- ava rawna € A06pe onevena, na poss BAT M raaaKM creni. Cropea Tesi Ge-1esK ¢parwien Ture MOraT OpHeHTHpOBBYHO Aa ce AaTHpaT B kecnoamTiaiin nepiox (IV—VI 8.) Ha 1,20 CepepHo oF TasH TONKA ce HaMepHxa oute 4eTHIPH ox06un ¢pparnewta, KaKTO Ht Tp! OT paulHocpen- HoBeKoBna Kepauka (06p.6 a. 6) Paspea 2. Hanupa ce wa 500M sanaayo ot cepepousrownna wrba Ha yxpenaennero. H tyK pater e€ wSrpazen wanpaso BYpxy saBapenns Teper (06p. 7 2a, 6). Bueutpaauara wy act Hail- AOAy € Waciinana npwer c wera H ctpyKTypara Na sanapena tepent. Bupxy Tova sewteno #a- oO ce npocaeannat ana THHKH cAOR OT cHBA NpLcT, NOKPHTH HSIAO € NAacT OT abc. Topuara wact Ha Baa e opopmena oT apeOun KBcone weprec B seanata my wact Ge pasavetena eawopetona Kaweiia cTeNa, caensauta ocra 1a naa (06p. 8) Sanasewa e wa sucownna 0,60. Marpanena € OT HeoGpaGorenm wepresith KaMBHH, MeKAY KOH: 10 6p. §. Hazard om asa 6 paper abhawidce 6p. 6. Kepanuxa om pospea | To € HacHnaN ToHDK cA0% MepreseH TpoUIAAK. Sanasent ca WeTHH pea KaMitI, OT KONTO Nai-AoaMNAT eK: BUPXY saBapenmin Tepen. Tas sauintia OGaMuoBKa © HarpageHa, 3a 2a Npesotspatana eposista wa seneHoTo TAI0 ia naaa, Tlox0GHo yxpennane Ge ycranoneno Wp ocionara wa pprpeumioro aMue Ha nasa, KpreTo GAXA pasuiicteHN ABa pena yenopenHo Hoctapeni roaenn epreann xKawpuin. JLsete amuest oGaMUOBKH OTGeAA3BaT Mpoonayaanata iumpownna na nana —9 m. Ceraunara wy Max- cuMaana piicowiia e 2M, a mbpsovavaanara He we © Haannnapara 3 ¥, B npopiiza na waKona ce pinwaa, 4e Mexay aaa i posa ce © OGpasysaza Gepxia, mpoKa 4,80 ot, antec nowt nesaGestemina. Posst 3a nowpa caer Gepnara cee caa6 NaKAOH, HO B eH ‘qpaanata cu Wact paaKo ce YAAGoNana, O6pa- aypafikit Tpanewooiana tpantulen c NOwTH paBHo Aono. TasH Tpamiien e unpoKa rope 4,50 m, aoay 2M, seaGoKa e 1,50 mm oT¥acrH ce BpasBa 3B CAO OT weprea, AeKalll nog asoca. OOwaTa powiua Ha posa joctura 15M, Aba6OuHna- ra — 3,50. Caeasamute YerupH paspesa Gaxa_anpane. 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Ukopnua"’, Tpa6na aa ce ipeanozara, 4e nopai roaaMara wupHKa a npoxoaitre BxoauT He € Gia eHabyAeH ¢ HOCTO: suo RelicayBamla nperpana B roam cextop Gaxa Hanpaseun tpH Hanper NH paspesa i OTAeAMO pasiteTHAHe B WeaHaTa act wa acta Paspea 3. Hanupa ce npoxoa. Hsxonur 06x: npeanoaaraenoro Tpa ua 13.1 or cenepuus walle Rata wl Mact OT ua posa, Koilto 1a Tosa MaicTO aNec Me an4H. Crpyxtypata Ha aaa e Nanwano cxoqua ¢ Yeranonenata B paspeau 1 2 (o6p. 74). Burpeitara wy wact e euetanena or aeqsteint npocaoiiKit, a mwiuunara — or wep: Teaeit 4akwa, B warowwara nozouMia na wana ce 06p. 7. Fradurnu usere Sesda | — asaes 2 — xyaye ( u ma pospesume ao ep — seperate 6p. 6p. 9. Maar na usmounun ox0d cm 06, 0, Hazard om wasa 6 pe Kasennama pes 2 mama na »pewn NS ovepta orgecta oGaMMOBKa OF HAOMeeTH Meprea NW Kawwain Gea chofiKa, IMks.A0 ekpiTa oF BIO: PUNO CHAEMEIN KaMENNeT MaTepHAA OF G10: To wa baa. Chypuonamacimara My wupowua e 8.x, puicouiata — oKoA0 2,50 4 (auec 1,60 as) Makonwst gocturna ua 15 x1 Or weanaTa Kawenna OB.tHOBKA, KO c.teANt OF OB He GAXa yeranionent Paspes 4. Hanupa ce na 2 kN OF pas pea 3. Maxonsr Ge paanoaoxsen 0 wosnuniuis CkAON Ha ata ¢ Kel Aa Owae paswierena no AbenkiIHia yeTalouenata B paspea 3 auueBa Ka Nena oGanwoBKa. Cae KATO Ge pasuitcren pro: PHNHO cRAcHeNHAT OF BAA KANEHHO-—seNAeH Ha Cun, oGanuoBKaTAa Ge Npoy¥ena Ho nporerxenne ua 7. H tyk Te usrpagena oF neoGpaGorent RaowectH Meprectii KaMbIN, HTSTHO Hapere wn eatin! BupxY Apyr Gea cnoitka (o6p. 10, 11). Tex- nat chopsiar ce KoseGae or 0,10 a0 0,70 m Averaiita 1 oF 0,05 20 0,15. xeGeamia, OGaw llorkara e caa6o HakJoNena KW WenTEpa wa pata Me sanaxena Ha Buco 1,60 9 Paspes 5. Tloaaa 6 wewrpaanara wae a Mornaara, pasgeasila WaTOMHNA wxoA Ha ava npoxoaa, npectt4a B rlocoKa H3TOK — 3a. mag. Maiko npeai paskonkire neiinara navouna act Ge paspyiena or seeKonmit Maun. Kon eTpYKUNKTA Ha nacunla € cxOAHa ¢ ycTaHoUeNaTa B paspesitre, onmican no-rope. Bupxy saporo oreioo-sepia pict, Nacimana BYpXy saBape- is Tepent (4iteT XyMyC), ce peaybaT TPH npo- CAOMKI, Had KONTO AeKH Cro OT MepreaeH. % xox (6p. 75,12). B ustownata wacr ce npocze asina equopeiona Kaxtenta oGanuOBKa OT Mep Team KbcoBe, NlocTaveMM € eK OTCTBN eaMit BUPXY APYT TAKA, He OGparynar saGeneKII Kaow KBAL eHTEpa na Noriitara, Ha 0,70 MOF BYpXa Na Mornaata Ge amepen MOpeItIKH cKe- et € [awa Ha sala, NOTOKEH B OGNKHOBeHA rpo6va ava. Pruete ca nosioxenn Ha Kopena, Kpakata ca onuiart. TpoGen umnexttap He Ge orgputr Pagpea 6. Hanupa ce na 7 Mot WONKA npo- xox. Tyk waxnr e snawireano cnmmert. Epo: eaegnnat ce Tpit caos: apo or 4epna npwcr, BoC W sepren (06p. 76. 13) Pagpea 7. Hanupa ce na 10M cevepuo or orosanaqniin wena Ha yxpenaenneto. HaKonut wane abaKnna SL H wiposina 2, KATO OGxeauuaule pova, vata Nw vact or TepeHa wa ykpenaenniero (6p. 14). Baxor e warpage exp Xy xymyea Ha aanapenua tepen (o6p. 77, 15). B ueitpaanara wy act ca nacumann eTupit TbHKH MpocAoHKH, a HBPXY TAX — no-AeGeA naact or boc. KpM pona abocer Yacritino ce € eBa- Kwa, Ges Xa npomenit veTa cit, H nopaaH Ton He € BLINOAHO Ad ce yeTaNonH UIMpONNHATA Wa Gepuata. Bepostio ts ne e waxoiiiapana 2 Unpownnara na nasa e goctirnara 10—11 m, @ piicowmnara —oKon0 3 (anec 2,30 m). Po: br, MieTO ABHO € saNTbAHeHO C MACHM, € lHpOK 26 w i apaGoK 4,40 a (anec 3). Kaxto » cexro- pa ia basa Ht poba, Taka M sbB BuTpeuIHOcTTa Ha Ykpeniaenvero Marepiaan He ce OTKpHXa. Eauuerpenie waxoxkit oF npoywenitre cexro pi ca Kepanutuniie dparnenti oT paspes 1 Cea T#x 3a XponosOriiATa Ha naneTHiKa oco- Geno snasenne uuute or Maar HO-KECHITE, T. 6 hepnoaa ua aawpa: panuioro “‘epeanoveKonite (06p. 66). 3a ewKarenNe KoAnYeCTLOTO Hop: Marr HM ca UpedKa Te Aa Onaar snoasyvann NeanoUeHHo B AaTHpAneYo Ha Tako chop LiKe ue KATO HaNeKOBeKOTO yKpenaenne. 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Bit sora 1a ce aonycwe, Ye Kpenocrara ctena Ha Burpewnus Fpad e Gua Harpanea no TpaceTo Ha tio-panno Semsiento ykpenaenite, Beve usiiia0 ca npoywentt NsTouiaTa, 1OxHGTA M SanlaAMaTa crea Ha Kpe MOCTTa, HO ROKOAKOTO HH € HaBeCTHO, OCTAHKH OT nox0GHO yxpenaene He ca sacwuAeTesCTBY- sany, Llo ce oTHaca 20 caeuTe OT pos M Bat usrouo oT wornaa XXXIIT, re TpAGBa Aa ce usxmowat, Toft Kato K. [kopnia orGerssea, We poBBT € Haco¥eH Ha Wr, KBM cesepHaTa cTeHa Na xpenoctra™, Sacera cbiectBysaNeTO Ha BET- peuino aeNuIeHO yKpeniaere € poses, Kofive Nowe aa Gbae peulen OF Guacuuiste npoyynarust na Berpewnus rpaa B panuns nepiioa ot chmectayvanero en HanickopeKusT aarep ue © Gur Wso-upan. Ha necetHa KIMIONETpA sanamNO ce Wana roAs. MoTo ykpenaenne npu voriiaasa KaGiox?*. Ha BKM H3TOUHO, Kpail crap tnt ,KasnayKnkern XeHAeK™, It alec Ca danaeM ocTANIKITE Ha APY Fo 3eaaeno yKpenaenne’*, a oue nd Wa WsTOK emiH SeMLIeN Bat satBaps H HayHeHla AMUN paw nMnaTa®*, nper KosTo Minianaa nurs 4a Bapwa B o6mupnoto nose, orpaaciio ot ck.zoHOReTe Ha oxomMHTe Nauta, ce e OGocobuAa eAua canoctos 1K, Jireceh, Accheolognche Bulgarien. — AEM, "X, I8a6y 103, N 4. SP ipewe'n. Thybainn no Buarapua, ¢ ora, 9345: SKK. Ul ko pana, Tanernnun ua tpaa Ose coc—Bapua, —Foaniien orver a Bapnenckara.aupaan fie opacna ruiasna 8 1607 — 1898 f Bapna, 1868, ¢. 8. RSM eo pay. Yxpensennn AGRON pat wm, = HPAHR,X," 1905," 30-38 BK Uo pn ia, Ol semanas yxpenaenienx ogonsx, —“TIBATIKS” x," 1905," 380 eH Kp wnawkaacs, - Basonerc Becapadua 1 npadvarapckara veopw. — CY He XXETR, 12-1043, 05-06, Gena Apne a BAT,“ 106K, a. © 601 e AU Ul kopnua. Vepenacuma.... c. 37 * Mpoy'mantara Gnxa pukonogenn or aniopa, FIpes 1075, 'o eax. woe. yaactue T- baaaGau. WK! kop iia. 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