Professional Documents
Culture Documents
References
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). (2011). Iron. Pediatric nutrition. 7th ed. Elk
Grove Village: American Academy of Pediatrics, 449.
American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Public Education. Media
education. Pediatrics. 1999;104(2 pt 1):341–343
Anastasia, (2016, Dec. 22). December Vygotsky’s Social Development Theory.
Retreived from: https://www.cleverism.com/vygotskys-social-development-
theory/
Anderson, D. R., & Pempek, T. A. (2005). Television and very young
children. American Behavioral Scientist, 48(5), 505-522.
Barr, R., Danziger, C., Hilliard, M. E., Andolina, C., & Ruskis, J. (2010). Amount,
content and context of infant media exposure: A parental questionnaire and
diary analysis. International Journal of Early Years Education, 18(2), 107-122.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09669760.2010.494431
Barr, R., Lauricella, A., Zack, E., & Calvert, S. L. (2010). The relation between infant
exposure to television and executive functioning, cognitive skills, and school
readiness at age four. Merrill Palmer Quarterly, 56(1), 21-48.
Briner, M. (1999). Constructivism. Retrieved from Asian EFL Journal. Professional
Teaching Articles. Vol. 49 January 2011
Brown, A. (2011). Media use by children younger than 2 years. Pediatrics, 128(5),
1040-1045.
Birch, L. L., Parker, L., & Burns, A. (2011). Early childhood obesity prevention
policies. Early childhood obesity prevention policies.
Byeon, H., & Hong, S. (2015). Relationship between television viewing and language
delay in toddlers: evidence from a Korea national cross-sectional survey. PloS
one, 10(3), e0120663. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120663
Chonchaiya, W., & Pruksananonda, C. (2008). Television viewing associates with
delayed language development. Acta Paediatrica, 97(7), 977-982.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008.00831.x
Christakis, D. A., Gilkerson, J., Richards, J. A., Zimmerman, F. J., Garrison, M. M., Xu, D.,
& Yapanel, U. (2009). Audible television and decreased adult words, infant
vocalizations, and conversational turns: a population-based study. Archives of
Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 163(6), 554-558.
doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.61
Christakis, D. A. (2009). The effects of infant media usage: what do we know and
what should we learn?. Acta Paediatrica, 98(1), 8-16. DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-
2227.2008.01027.x
A CASE STUDY OF CHILD’S ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION 38
De Decker, E., De Craemer, M., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Wijndaele, K., Duvinage, K.,
Koletzko, B., ... & Zych, K. (2012). Influencing factors of screen time in
preschool children: an exploration of parents' perceptions through focus
groups in six European countries. Obesity reviews, 13(s1), 75-84. doi:
10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00961.x
Duch, H., Fisher, E. M., Ensari, I., & Harrington, A. (2013). Screen time use in children
under 3 years old: a systematic review of correlates. International journal of
behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 10(1), 102.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-102
Garrison, M. M., & Christakis, D. A. (2005). A teacher in the living room?: Educational
media for babies, toddlers and preschoolers: A background report prepared for
Kaiser Family Foundation. Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation.
Hoff, E. (2013). Interpreting the early language trajectories of children from low-SES
and language minority homes: implications for closing achievement
gaps. Developmental psychology, 49(1), 4.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0027238
Kirkorian, H. L., Pempek, T. A., Murphy, L. A., Schmidt, M. E., & Anderson, D. R.
(2009). The impact of background television on parent–child
interaction. Child development, 80(5), 1350-1359. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-
8624.2009.01337.x
Krcmar, M., Grela, B., & Lin, K. (2007). Can toddlers learn vocabulary from
television? An experimental approach. Media Psychology, 10(1), 41-63.
Kozulin, A. (Ed.). (2003). Vygotsky's educational theory in cultural context.
Cambridge University Press.
Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. 2011. Early Childhood Obesity
Prevention Policies: Goals, Recommendations, and Potential Actions.
Washington, DC: Author. http://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/ Report
%20Files/2011/Early-Childhood-Obesity-Prevention-Policies/ Young
%20Child%20Obesity%202011%20Recommendations.pdf
James, D. M., & Stojanovik, V. (2007). Communication skills in blind children: A
preliminary investigation. Child: care, health and development, 33(1), 4-10.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2006.00621.x
Lefever, S. C. (2010). English skills of young learners in Iceland:“I started talking
English when I was 4 years old. It just bang… just fall into me.”.
Lillard, A. S., & Peterson, J. (2011). The immediate impact of different types of
television on young children's executive function. Pediatrics, 128(4), 644-
649. doi:10.1542/peds.2010-1919
Linebarger, D. L., & Walker, D. (2005). Infants’ and toddlers’ television viewing and
language outcomes. American behavioral scientist, 48(5), 624-645. DOI:
10.1177/0002764204271505
A CASE STUDY OF CHILD’S ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION 39
Linebarger, D. L., & Vaala, S. E. (2010). Screen media and language development in
infants and toddlers: An ecological perspective. Developmental Review, 30(2),
176-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2010.03.006
McPake, J., Plowman, L., & Stephen, C. (2013). Pre‐school children creating and
communicating with digital technologies in the home. British Journal of
Educational Technology, 44(3), 421-431.
Mehrpour, S., & Forutan, A. (2015). Theories of First Language Acquisition. Journal
of Language, Linguistics and Literature, 1(2), 30-40.
Nichols & Vaala (2010) Screen media and language development in infants and
toddlers: An ecological perspective. Developmental Review 30(2):176-202.
DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2010.03.006
Ostrov, J. M., Gentile, D. A., & Crick, N. R. (2006). Media exposure, aggression and
prosocial behavior during early childhood: A longitudinal study. Social
Development, 15(4), 612-627.
Pagani, L. S., Fitzpatrick, C., & Barnett, T. A. (2013). Early childhood television
viewing and kindergarten entry readiness. Pediatric research, 74(3), 350-355.
doi:10.1038/pr.2013.105
Pempek, T. A., Kirkorian, H. L., & Anderson, D. R. (2014). The effects of background
television on the quantity and quality of child-directed speech by
parents. Journal of Children and Media, 8(3), 211-222.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2014.920715
Rizal, P. (2016, Oct. 3). Doctors warn effects of digital media to children. Davao
Today. Retrieved from:
http://davaotoday.com/main/economy/health/doctors-warn-effects-of-
digital-media-to-children/
Scheele, A. F., Leseman, P. P., & Mayo, A. Y. (2010). The home language environment
of monolingual and bilingual children and their language proficiency. Applied
Psycholinguistics, 31(1), 117-140. doi:10.1017/S0142716409990191
Schmidt, M. E., & Vandewater, E. A. (2008). Media and attention, cognition, and
school achievement. The Future of children, 18(1), 63-85.
Schmidt, M. E., Rich, M., Rifas-Shiman, S. L., Oken, E., & Taveras, E. M. (2009).
Television viewing in infancy and child cognition at 3 years of age in a US
cohort. Pediatrics, 123(3), e370-e375. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-3221
Takeuchi, H., Taki, Y., Hashizume, H., Asano, K., Asano, M., Sassa, Y., ... & Kawashima,
R. (2015). The impact of television viewing on brain structures: cross-
sectional and longitudinal analyses. Cerebral Cortex, 25(5), 1188-1197.
https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bht315
Tomopoulos, S., Dreyer, B. P., Berkule, S., Fierman, A. H., Brockmeyer, C., &
Mendelsohn, A. L. (2010). Infant media exposure and toddler
development. Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine, 164(12), 1105-
1111. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.235
Wolfe, J. (2013, August 7) Disney Junior Promotes Nancy Kantor. AWN News.
Retrieved
from:http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/alumni/alumni-newsletters/september-
2013-alumni-newsletter/disney-junior-promotes-nancy-kantor
Zimmerman FJ, Christakis DA. Associations between content types of early media
exposure and subsequent attentional problems. Pediatrics.2007;120 (5):986–
992. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2006-3322
Zimmerman, F. J., Gilkerson, J., Richards, J. A., Christakis, D. A., Xu, D., Gray, S., &
Yapanel, U. (2009). Teaching by listening: The importance of adult-child
conversations to language development. Pediatrics, 124(1), 342-349. DOI:
10.1542/peds.2008-2267
A CASE STUDY OF CHILD’S ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION 41
APPENDICES
A CASE STUDY OF CHILD’S ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION 42
Appendix A
Questionnaire
This questionnaire aims to identify how the child acquires the English language
through exposure to TV and digital media. Kindly honestly answer the following
questions. Rest assured that the information you share is treated with
confidentiality. Thank you very much for your time and cooperation.
Appendix B
Transcriptions of Conversations
Video 1:
Aunt: What are you going to do with the ballerina dress and ballerina shoes?
Sarah: Okay.
Video 2:
Video 3:
Video 4:
Sarah: Nanay, that’s a tree Nanay! That’s a log, Nay. That log.
Sarah: That. That’s a log. It’s not a tree. It don’t grow up again.
I’m so tired.
It’s a penguin.
Common, Mama.
I need my train.
It’s my presents.
That’s my presents.
Hey, Mama…presents!
Amazing!
I play snow.
I want to play.
A CASE STUDY OF CHILD’S ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION 45
I make a fish.
I like my school.
Conversation 1:
Conversation 3:
Aunt: Yes, I am a teacher. Your Mama is also a teacher. Mommy Inn, Mommy Fron,
Conversation 4:
Conversation 5:
Sarah: They want to get the people but the ninjas are there to save the people.
Aunt: Yes.
Aunt: Yes.
Conversation 8: (Sarah is holding a coin purse with coins given by her mother as
payment for the massage service)
Appendix C
Observation Checklist
Curriculum Vitae
Personal Profile
Name: Roxanne Z. Futalan
Educational Background
Foundation University
March
Foundation University
March 2015
Foundation University
March 2011
Dumaguete City
March 2009
Dumaguete City
March 2005
A CASE STUDY OF CHILD’S ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION 49
Foundation University
Dumaguete City
2017 – Present
2013
2016