BỘ 20 ĐỀ IELTS WRITING TASK 2 KÈM

BÀI MẪU BAND 8.0

Dưới đây là bộ 20 đề task 2, bọn mình đã viết & tổng hợp trong lúc luyện thi
IELTS, nay chia sẻ cho các bạn tham khảo. Trong bài có highlight và dưới mỗi bài
cũng đã chú thích đính kèm glossary để các bạn dễ học từ vựng hơn.

Ngoài từ vựng thì các bạn cũng nên chú ý học các mẫu, cấu trúc câu. Cái đó thể
hiện xuyên suốt qua các bài luận mình viết, khó chú thích nên các bạn cứ đọc cho
quen rồi áp dụng nha. Để đạt band cao thì cách diễn đạt còn phải trôi chảy, ý tưởng
rõ ràng, từ vựng thì chỉ cần nâng cao chút ít là được rồi, không nhất thiết phải dùng
những từ quá khó, ít ai xài – làm khó cho mình lẫn ban giám khảo 

Cách để phát hiện những từ khó mà ít ai xài, không nên áp dụng là tra thử trên
mạng. Thấy từ này thường xuyên xuất hiện trên báo, business articles thì nên xài
còn nếu kiểu chỉ thấy mỗi kết quả từ từ điển Anh-Việt hay các trang dịch thuật thì
nên xem xét kỹ lại nha.

Bài luận có sai sót gì mong các bạn thông cảm nhé! Chúc các bạn ôn thi hiệu quả
& đạt band điểm cao trong kỳ thi IELTS!

Chào thân ái và quyết thắng )))

Soạn bởi,
Hứa Vũ (huavu714@gmail.com)
Lâm Võ (plv889@uowmail.edu.au)
Sample 1.
The education of young people is highly prioritized in many countries. However, educating adults
who cannot write or read is even more important, and governments should spend more money on
this.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Educational investment is pivotal in shaping a nation's future, yet the debate on whether young people or
illiterate adults should be the primary focus remains contentious. In my opinion, while youth education is
fundamentally important, the education of illiterate adults is crucial and deserves increased government
funding.

Firstly, educated adults are the cornerstone of a stable family and, by extension, society. They can better
guide their children, leading to a generational uplift in education. Investing in adult education also
empowers individuals to engage in society's democratic processes, which is essential for a healthy,
functioning democracy. It fosters a more aware and informed citizenry, able to make more enlightened
decisions for their and the nation's welfare.

Furthermore, adult education directly impacts the economy. Literate adults can contribute more
effectively to the workforce, adapt to new job roles, and participate in more specialized forms of training.
This not only enhances their personal quality of life but also strengthens the nation's workforce and boosts
economic growth.

To argue that funding youth education alone is sufficient overlooks the immediate benefits of adult
education. Adults who gain literacy can immediately apply their new skills, while the results of youth
education take longer to materialize. Thus, the short-term return on investment from adult education can
be significant and rapid.

However, it is critical to recognize that these two educational focuses are not mutually exclusive. A
balanced approach could be more beneficial, where governments allocate resources to both segments,
perhaps with a sliding scale favoring adult education more heavily in regions with higher adult illiteracy
rates.

In conclusion, I strongly advocate for increased governmental spending on adult education, considering
its immediate impact on societal stability and economic development. A society thrives when its
members, regardless of age, are educated and empowered. Therefore, while it is essential to educate the
young, it is equally vital to educate adults, and the budgetary reflection should match this necessity.

Glossary:

Contentious: (adj) likely to cause people to disagree (gây tranh luận)

EX: Both views are highly contentious.

Cornerstone: (n) the most important part of something that the rest depends on (nền tảng) / (HÒN ĐÁ
GÓC TƯỜNG)
EX: This study is the cornerstone of the whole research programme.
by extension: (n) indicate that something is included as a result of a previous statement or as a logical
consequence of it = broadly speaking: mở rộng ra là...
EX: The new measures benefit taxpayers and, by extension, the economy.

Enlightened (v): having or showing an understanding of people’s needs, a situation, etc. that is not based
on old-fashioned attitudes and prejudice: minh triết

EX: enlightened opinions/attitudes/ideas

Overlooks (v): to fail to see or notice something: phớt lờ, bỏ quên

EX: He seems to have overlooked one important fact.

Materialize (v) (ngoại động từ) to take place or start to exist as expected or planned: bắt đầu hình thành/
xảy ra (hiện thực hóa)
EX: The promotion he had been promised failed to materialize.

Sample 2.
Many people believe that the high level of violence in films and TV programmes today is causing
serious social problems. What are the problems caused by excessive violence in films and TV?
How could these problems be reduced?

The proliferation of violence in contemporary cinema and television has sparked widespread debate
regarding its impact on societal well-being. This essay explores the social issues instigated by such media
portrayals and discusses strategies that could effectively diminish these negative effects.
The primary concern is the desensitization to violence that can occur after prolonged exposure to violent
scenes in films and television. Young viewers, in particular, may become less sensitive to the pain and
suffering of others as violence is normalized through regular consumption of such content. This
desensitization potentially increases the propensity for aggressive behavior, as the distinction between
real and fictional violence blurs. A growing body of research supports this, linking exposure to violent
media with aggressive behavior in children and teenagers, which can manifest as bullying in schools and
aggression in other social settings.
Moreover, the glorification of violent acts can skew public perception, leading to an exaggerated fear of
becoming a victim of violence. This fear can permeate communities, creating an atmosphere of distrust
and paranoia. Such societal fears can exacerbate community divisions and reduce the quality of social
interactions, ultimately impacting communal harmony and cooperation.
To counteract these issues, a multipronged approach is necessary. Firstly, the entertainment industry
should enforce stricter regulations concerning the depiction of violence, ensuring that violent content is
appropriately categorized and restricted to suitable age groups. Clear, enforceable guidelines would help
mitigate the exposure of inappropriate content to vulnerable viewers.
Additionally, the media industry can be encouraged to offer alternative narratives that focus on conflict
resolution through dialogue and mutual understanding rather than through violent confrontations.
Promoting stories that emphasize empathy and peaceful resolutions can provide positive role models and
contribute to a less aggressive culture.
In conclusion, while violent films and TV programs are deeply embedded in modern entertainment, their
impact on social behavior is profound and concerning. Through responsible content regulation and the
promotion of non-violent narratives, it is possible to mitigate these effects and foster a more harmonious
society. This not only enhances the quality of media consumption but also supports the cultivation of a
more peaceful and empathetic community. (350 words)
Glossary:
Proliferation: (n): the sudden increase in the number or amount of something: sự bùng nổ
EX: attempts to prevent cancer cell proliferation
Diminish: to make somebody/something seem less important than they really are: thu nhỏ, thu hẹp tầm
quan trọng, qui mô.
EX: I don't wish to diminish the importance of their contribution.
Skew (v): change or influence something with the result that it is not accurate, fair, normal, etc: làm
nghiêng, thay đổi theo một chiều hướng (thường là tiêu cực). Được dùng nhiều trong thống kê học.
EX: to skew the statistics
Permeate (v): to affect every part of something: lan tỏa (nghĩa bóng)
EX: a belief that permeates all levels of society
Multipronged (adj): đa chiều
EX: multipronged approach

Sample 3.
Nowadays both men and women spend a lot of money on beauty care than ever before.
What may be the primary reason for this? Is this a positive or negative development?

In contemporary society, there is a notable increase in expenditure on beauty care by both men and
women, reflecting deeper cultural and economic trends. This essay examines the primary reasons for this
phenomenon and evaluates whether it represents a positive or negative development.
One of the main drivers of increased spending on beauty care is the pervasive influence of social media
and the entertainment industry, which frequently idealize certain body images and beauty standards. As
individuals strive to emulate these often unattainable ideals, they invest in a wide range of beauty
products and treatments. This pursuit is fueled by the psychological impact of 'image' and 'appearance,'
where personal success and social acceptance are increasingly linked to outward aesthetics.
Additionally, advancements in technology and greater disposable income have made a wider variety of
beauty treatments and products available to a broader audience. People today have more access to
premium beauty services and products that were once considered luxurious or exclusive. The global
beauty industry has capitalized on this trend, continually innovating and expanding the range of offerings
to cater to diverse consumer needs and desires.
However, the question of whether this trend is positive or negative is complex. On the positive side, the
focus on beauty care can boost individual confidence and self-esteem, contributing to mental well-being.
There is also a significant economic aspect; the beauty industry creates millions of jobs worldwide and
can be a powerful driver of economic activity.
Conversely, this trend can also have negative implications. Excessive spending on beauty products can
lead to financial stress, particularly among young people who may feel pressured to keep up with
unrealistic beauty standards. Moreover, it can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and body image issues,
leading to psychological distress and diminished self-worth for those who feel they do not 'measure up.'
In conclusion, while the increased spending on beauty care reflects broader social and economic
dynamics and has certain benefits, it also carries potential risks. It is crucial for individuals to find a
balance and for society to foster an environment where beauty is recognized as diverse and multi-
dimensional, reducing the pressure to conform to a singular aesthetic standard.
Glossary:
Pervasive (adj): existing in all parts of a place or thing; spreading gradually to affect all parts of a place
or thing – nghĩa bóng là rộng rãi, phổ biến, có thể đi được với các danh từ như influence hay culture.
Emulate (v): to try to do something as well as somebody else bc you admire them – học theo, noi gương
EX: I hope to emulate my sister’s academic exellence.
Bài này thì ít từ mới nhưng mình nghĩ là cấu trúc câu mượt mà. Mấy bạn để ý học với sử dụng mấy cấu
trúc, mệnh đề cũng hay á.

Sample 4
Some people believe that to protect local culture, tourism should be banned in some areas whereas
others think that change is inevitable and that banning tourism will have no benefits.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion?

The impact of tourism on local cultures is a contentious issue, with some advocating for restrictions or
bans to preserve cultural heritage, while others argue that such measures are futile and counterproductive.
This essay explores both perspectives and offers a personal viewpoint on the matter.
Proponents of restricting tourism in certain areas argue that this can help protect and preserve local
cultures that are vulnerable to dilution or distortion through excessive commercialization. For instance, in
destinations like Venice or Machu Picchu, the overwhelming influx of tourists can lead not only to
physical degradation but also to a loss of authentic cultural practices, as local traditions are often
commodified to cater to tourist expectations. By limiting tourism, these areas can maintain their cultural
integrity and ensure that traditions are passed down through generations rather than being transformed for
commercial appeal.
Conversely, opponents of bans on tourism argue that change is a natural part of cultural evolution and that
tourism itself can be a positive force for cultural exchange and economic development. They contend that
exposure to diverse cultures through tourism encourages mutual understanding and appreciation, thereby
fostering global connectivity rather than cultural erosion. Additionally, tourism is a significant economic
driver that provides livelihoods for many communities. Banning it could lead to economic decline and
increased poverty, potentially causing more harm than the cultural changes it aims to prevent.
From my perspective, while the protection of local cultures is crucial, outright bans on tourism may not
be the most effective approach. Instead, sustainable tourism practices should be encouraged, balancing
economic benefits with cultural preservation. Regulations that manage tourist numbers and behavior,
combined with initiatives that involve local communities in tourism planning and benefits, can mitigate
adverse impacts while enhancing cultural appreciation and exchange.
In conclusion, while concerns about cultural preservation are valid, they need not necessitate extreme
measures like banning tourism. A balanced approach that promotes sustainable and respectful tourism
practices can provide the best outcomes for both cultural preservation and economic vitality.

Glossary:
Proponent (n): a person who supports an idea or course of action= advocate: người ủng hộ
EX: proponents of the strike
Dilution (n): the act of making something weaker or less effective: sự pha loãng, sự làm yếu đi
EX: This is a serious dilution of their election promises.
Influx of sth: the fact of a lot of people, money or things arriving somewhere: dòng chảy...
EX: a massive/sudden influx of visitors
Outright (adj): complete and total/ open and direct: triệt để/ trực tiếp thẳng mặt
EX: an outright ban/rejection/victory

Sample 5
Reading books keeps a person’s mind active, whereas watching films and television is passive and
does not require a person to use their imagination.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
The assertion that reading books is intellectually stimulating while watching films and television is
comparatively passive and less imaginative is a topic of ongoing debate. This essay will explore both
sides of the argument and provide a personal perspective.
Advocates of reading argue that books engage the reader actively, demanding concentration and
intellectual involvement. Reading requires one to envision characters, settings, and events using only
textual descriptions, which stimulates the imagination and cognitive functions. Moreover, the process of
reading and understanding complex narratives can enhance vocabulary, improve memory, and develop
critical thinking skills. These benefits suggest that reading is a proactive endeavor that encourages deeper
cognitive engagement compared to other forms of media.
Conversely, it is unfair to categorize all film and television viewing as passive or unstimulating. Visual
media can also provoke thought and imagination, albeit in different ways. Films and television often use
visual and auditory storytelling techniques that can evoke powerful emotional responses and inspire
creativity. Furthermore, many cinematic works address complex themes and narratives that challenge
viewers intellectually and morally. For instance, genres like documentaries and dramas can offer
profound insights into human experiences and societal issues, prompting viewers to reflect critically on
the content.
Personally, I believe that both reading and watching visual media have valuable roles in intellectual and
imaginative development. While reading may demand more active participation in creating and
interpreting mental images, visual media also have the potential to stimulate thought and creativity
through powerful storytelling and visual effects.
In conclusion, both books and visual media can keep the mind active and stimulate the imagination in
their respective ways. It is essential to recognize the unique benefits of each and incorporate both reading
and viewing in one's life to achieve a well-rounded intellectual experience.
Glossary:
Assertion= claim: luận điểm
Cognitive (adj): thuộc về tư duy
EX: a child’s cognitive development
Proactive (adj): controlling a situation by making things happen rather than waiting for things to happen
and then reacting to them: chủ động
Endeavor (n/v): nỗ lưc= attempt
EX: Please make every endeavour to arrive on time.
Evoke (v) stimulate an emotion: gợi lên (cảm xúc)
EX: The music evoked memories of her youth.
Provoke: (v): simulate a reaction/ action
EX: The article was intended to provoke discussion.
Sample 6
More and more young people use the Internet to socialise.
Why do you think young people prefer this way of socialising?
Do you think this is a positive or a negative development?

The increasing reliance on the Internet for socialization among young people is a notable trend influenced
by various factors. This essay explores why this mode of socializing is preferred and discusses whether it
is a positive or negative development.
The primary reason young people gravitate towards online socialization is convenience. The Internet
provides a platform where one can interact with friends and peers regardless of geographical barriers.
Social media sites, chat applications, and online gaming offer varied avenues for maintaining and
building relationships at any time and from anywhere. This ease of access is particularly appealing to the
younger generation, who are adept at using technology and are often looking for instant and flexible ways
to connect with others.
Additionally, the online environment can be less intimidating for individuals who are shy or introverted,
making it easier for them to express themselves and interact with others. The virtual space provides a
controlled environment where one can manage how they present themselves, which can be less stressful
than face-to-face interactions.
However, this shift towards digital socialization is not without its drawbacks. While online platforms can
enhance communication, they can also lead to a sense of isolation and superficial relationships. The lack
of physical interaction can impede the development of deeper emotional connections and may affect the
social skills of younger individuals. Furthermore, excessive use of the internet for socializing can lead to
internet addiction, impacting academic performance and overall well-being.
In my opinion, while online socialization offers distinct advantages in terms of convenience and
accessibility, it should not replace face-to-face interactions entirely. Both forms of socializing have
unique benefits and can coexist to provide a balanced social experience. Encouraging a healthy balance
between online and offline interactions can mitigate the negatives while enhancing the positives, leading
to well-rounded social development. Therefore, this trend is neither wholly positive nor entirely negative
but requires careful management to maximize benefits and minimize drawbacks.
Glossary:
gravitate towards: to move towards somebody/something that you are attracted to
EX: Many young people gravitate to the cities in search of work.
Intimidating (adj): frightening in a way that makes a person feel less confident
an intimidating manner (đáng sợ)
EX: The atmosphere was less intimidating than I had imagined.
…is not without drawbacks: mang nghĩa “đi kèm với”, thường dùng ở trước một thứ positive, sau đó là
negative như drawback hay disadvantage.
Coexist (v): cùng tồn tại
EX: The illness frequently coexists with other chronic diseases.
Mitigate (v): to make something less harmful, serious, etc.: làm giảm nghiêm trọng
EX: action to mitigate poverty

Sample 7
School authorities should not spend time and money on music classes and more emphasize should
be given to useful subjects like science, computer and technology. To what extent do you agree or
disagree with the above statement?
The debate over the allocation of resources in schools, particularly whether to prioritize subjects like
science and technology over music education, is a pressing one. This essay will address the proposition
that school authorities should divert funds from music classes to more 'useful' subjects like science,
computer, and technology, and will argue why a balanced educational approach is crucial.
The argument to prioritize science, technology, and computer studies is grounded in their perceived direct
utility in fostering economic development and employability in the rapidly evolving job market. These
subjects are essential for developing the skills required in many of the fastest-growing and highest-paying
careers around the world. As such, proponents argue that investing heavily in these areas can better
prepare students for future challenges and opportunities, ensuring they remain competitive in a globalized
economy.
However, to dismiss music education as less valuable is to overlook the substantial benefits it offers in
developing a well-rounded intellect and emotional maturity. Studies have shown that engagement with
music can enhance cognitive abilities, improve linguistic skills, and bolster creativity. These are
transferable skills that can significantly benefit students in every academic area, including scientific and
technological disciplines. Moreover, music classes offer students a creative outlet and can aid in
emotional and social development by fostering teamwork and discipline.
In my view, it is crucial not to undermine the importance of a holistic education that values the arts
alongside the sciences. Striking a balance between STEM subjects and arts like music is essential. Such
an approach not only nurtures a range of competencies that are critical in the modern world but also helps
in producing more culturally and emotionally intelligent individuals.
Conclusively, while the importance of subjects like science and technology cannot be understated,
education should not be solely about what is conventionally viewed as 'useful.' Music and the arts play a
pivotal role in developing a well-rounded education, and thus, should remain a crucial component of the
curriculum. Thus, I disagree with the notion of reducing the emphasis on music classes in favor of more
technical subjects.

Glossary:
Allocation(n): the act of giving something to somebody for a particular purpose: sự phân bổ
EX: the allocation of food to those who need it most
Evolving (adj) (from the vẻrrb Evolve): phát triển
Bolster (v): to improve something or make it stronger
EX: bolster somebody’s confidence/courage/morale
Forster (v): foster something to encourage something to develop = facilitate
EX: The club's aim is to foster better relations within the community.
competency (n): competency (in something) | competency (in doing something) the ability to do
something well: khả năng làm gì
EX: bolster sb's competency in public speaking

Sample 8
Some people think that poverty is the reason behind most crimes.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
The belief that poverty is the primary catalyst for criminal behavior is a prevalent viewpoint that merits
examination. In this essay, I will discuss the extent to which I agree with this statement, acknowledging
both the correlation and the complexity of the causation between poverty and crime.
Poverty often leads to crime as it creates an environment of desperation and deprivation where individuals
feel compelled to engage in illegal activities as a means of survival. In many cases, those living in poverty
lack access to quality education and employment opportunities, which can limit their prospects for lawful
income. This socioeconomic disadvantage can push individuals towards criminal activities such as theft,
drug trafficking, and other forms of illegal work as viable financial solutions. Moreover, impoverished
areas frequently suffer from underfunded public services, including policing and security, which can
make crime a lower-risk proposition.
However, it is critical to recognize that not all crimes stem from poverty. Many crimes, including white-
collar crimes such as fraud and embezzlement, are committed by individuals or groups in positions of
power and wealth. These actions often stem from greed rather than need. Additionally, factors such as
social and familial influences, mental health issues, and addiction also play significant roles in criminal
behavior and are not exclusively linked to economic status.
In conclusion, while poverty is undoubtedly a significant factor contributing to crime, it is not solely
responsible for most criminal activities. Crimes arise from a complex interplay of various social,
economic, and psychological factors. Addressing crime comprehensively, therefore, requires a
multifaceted approach that not only alleviates poverty but also tackles other contributing issues such as
education, mental health, and social inequality. Hence, I partly agree that poverty is a key reason behind
many crimes, but it is far from the only cause.

Glossary:
catalyst: (n) a person or thing that causes a change: nguyên nhân/ nhân tố thúc đẩy sth
EX: I see my role as being a catalyst for change.
Desperation: (n): the state of being desperate: sự tuyệt vọng
EX: In desperation, she called Louise and asked for her help.
Deprivation (n): The fact of not having something that you need, like enough food, money or a home; the
process that causes this: sự thiếu thốn
EX: children living in poverty and deprivation
Proposition (n): an idea or a plan of action that is suggested, especially in business
EX: I'd like to put a business proposition to you.
Embezzlement (n): the act of stealing money that you are responsible for or that belongs to your
employer: vụ biển thủ công quĩ
EX: She was found guilty of embezzlement.
Interplay(n) the way in which two or more things or people affect each other: sự tương tác qua lại
EX: the interplay between politics and the environment
Sample 9
In the recent years, there has been an increase in the number of people killed on the road. Traffic
designers blame drivers for driving too fast and drivers say the roads are bad. Who is to be blamed
for the accidents deaths caused on roads? Give reasons for your answer.

The rising fatalities on roads worldwide pose a significant concern that involves the interplay of various
factors. In addressing the root causes of these accidents, it is essential to evaluate the roles both of traffic
design and driver behavior play in these unfortunate events.
Traffic designers argue that excessive speed is a major contributor to road accidents. This claim is well-
supported by research showing that higher speeds increase both the likelihood of accidents occurring and
the severity of their outcomes. Speeding reduces a driver's reaction time and the effectiveness of
protective barriers and other safety mechanisms in vehicles. Furthermore, at higher speeds, controlling a
vehicle becomes more challenging, particularly in adverse weather conditions or emergency maneuvers,
which significantly raises the risk of fatal accidents.
On the other hand, drivers often criticize the poor condition of roads and inadequate traffic design. Roads
plagued with potholes, insufficient signage, poorly designed intersections, and inadequate lighting
contribute to road accidents. These issues can confuse or surprise drivers, leading to mistakes that result
in accidents. In regions where road maintenance is lacking or where the infrastructure has not kept pace
with the increase in vehicle numbers, such deficiencies become even more dangerous.
Both perspectives highlight valid points. Therefore, attributing road accidents to a single cause
oversimplifies the issue. It is the synergy of substandard road conditions and irresponsible driving
behaviors that often leads to road fatalities.
To mitigate road accidents effectively, a collaborative approach is necessary. Enhancements in road
design and maintenance must be prioritized alongside rigorous enforcement of traffic laws. Education
campaigns that emphasize safe driving practices and the dangers of speeding are equally important.
Furthermore, modern technology such as speed cameras, improved street lighting, and better road
surfacing should be utilized to enhance both road conditions and traffic management.
In conclusion, the responsibility for reducing road accident fatalities is shared. While better road design
and maintenance are crucial, promoting responsible driving behaviors is equally important. Only through
a comprehensive and multifaceted approach can the safety on roads be significantly improved.

Glossary:
Fatalities (n): a death that is caused in an accident or a war, or by violence or disease: vụ chết người
EX: Several people were injured, but there were no fatalities.
Maneuvers (n) a clever plan, action or movement that’s used to give somebody an advantage: chiến thuật
EX: diplomatic maneuvers
Signage (n): signs, especially ones that give instructions or directions to the public: hệ thống biển chỉ dẫn
Multifaceted (adj): having many different aspects to be considered
EX: a complex and multifaceted problem
Synergy (n): the extra energy, power, success, etc. that is achieved by two or more people, companies or
elements working together, instead of on their own
EX: Managing effective teams is a matter of achieving synergy between the individual members.
Sample 10
A person’s worth nowadays seems to be judged according to social status and material possessions.
Old-fashioned values, such as honour, kindness and trust, no longer seem important.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

In contemporary society, there is a palpable shift towards valuing social status and material wealth as
primary indicators of a person's worth. This essay discusses the extent to which this shift has occurred and
whether traditional values like honor, kindness, and trust have diminished in importance.
It is undeniable that in many parts of the world, especially in urban and commercially driven
environments, there is a significant emphasis on material success as a measure of personal value. Social
media platforms, for example, often highlight and celebrate affluence and status, influencing public
perception and priorities. This visibility of wealth and status can lead to a culture where individuals are
judged more by their financial metrics and less by their character. In such contexts, success is frequently
equated with a higher social ranking or the possession of luxury goods.
However, it would be overly simplistic and cynical to claim that traditional values no longer hold
importance. Values like honor, kindness, and trust continue to play vital roles in personal relationships
and remain deeply embedded in many cultures and religions around the world. These values are
fundamental to the functioning of any society as they foster trust and cooperation among individuals. For
example, in business, while competitive success is celebrated, long-term relationships built on trust and
respect are crucial for sustainable growth. Similarly, in personal relationships, qualities such as kindness
and honor are indispensable for deep and meaningful connections.
Therefore, while it may appear that society overwhelmingly rewards material success, it is essential to
recognize that traditional values still underpin many aspects of our social interactions and personal
evaluations. The apparent dominance of materialism often overshadows the everyday acts of kindness and
integrity, which although less visible, are no less prevalent.
In conclusion, despite the high visibility of material wealth as a status symbol, traditional values like
honor, kindness, and trust continue to be important. Their relevance may not always be showcased in
mainstream media, but they remain foundational to the fabric of society. I believe that these old-fashioned
values are not only important but are indeed indispensable to maintaining the moral compass of any
community.

Glossary:
palpable (adj) that is easily noticed by the mind or the senses: dễ nhận ra
EX: a palpable sense of relief
Cynical (adj) believing that people only do things to help themselves rather than for good or honest
reasons: hoài nghi
EX: a cynical view/smile
Embedded (adj) ẩn sâu, ngầm hiểu
-> embedded in sth
EX: These attitudes are deeply embedded in our society
Prevalent (adj): that exists or is very common at a particular time or in a particular place
EX: hese prejudices are particularly prevalent among people living in the North.

Sample 11.
For many people shopping unwanted things is just a form of entertainment.
Discuss both positive and negative points of this habit and give your opinion.
Shopping, particularly for non-essential items, has become a popular form of entertainment for many
people. This phenomenon has both positive and negative implications which deserve a thorough
discussion.
On the positive side, shopping as a form of leisure can provide significant psychological benefits. It acts
as a form of escape for individuals from their daily routines or stresses, offering a sense of temporary
relief and enjoyment. Additionally, the activity of browsing through stores can serve as a social activity,
where friends or family members spend time together, enhancing their relationships. From an economic
perspective, increased consumer spending can stimulate economic growth and employment. When people
shop for entertainment, they support retailers, manufacturers, and a wide array of service industries,
contributing to the overall economic dynamism.
However, the negatives of shopping for entertainment cannot be overlooked. The most apparent issue is
financial imprudence. Shopping without necessity can lead to excessive spending and the accumulation of
debt, particularly if it becomes a frequent activity. Environmentally, this behavior promotes a culture of
consumerism that is unsustainable. The production, shipping, and disposal of unwanted items contribute
significantly to carbon emissions and waste. Furthermore, the habit of purchasing non-essential items can
also mask deeper emotional or psychological issues, where individuals might shop to avoid addressing
underlying problems such as loneliness or depression.
In my opinion, while shopping can indeed serve as a form of entertainment and bring temporary
happiness, it is crucial to approach this activity with moderation and awareness. The negative
consequences of compulsive shopping—both personal and environmental—suggest that this should not
be encouraged as a primary leisure activity. Instead, finding more sustainable and fulfilling ways to spend
free time could be more beneficial for individuals and society as a whole. Responsible consumerism,
where one balances between leisurely shopping and mindful spending, is essential for maintaining both
financial health and environmental sustainability.

Glossary:
economic dynamism: sự vận động nền kinh tế
financial imprudence: sự thiếu khôn ngoan về
compulsive (adj) (of behaviour) that is difficult to stop or control: mất kiểm soát
EX: compulsive eating/spending/gambling
consumerism: (n): chủ nghĩa tiêu thụ/ sự tiêu thụ
EX: he was appalled by the greed and rampant consumerism she saw in modern society.

Sample 12
An increase in the recycling material such as paper, cans and plastic has been noticed worldwide.
Why do you think is this happening? What can be done to encourage recycling among people?

The global rise in recycling rates, particularly for materials like paper, cans, and plastic, is a significant
environmental development. This essay explores the reasons behind this increase and suggests measures
to further encourage recycling among the general population.
One primary reason for the increase in recycling activities is heightened public awareness of
environmental issues. As the impacts of climate change and pollution become more apparent, individuals
and governments are more motivated to take action. Media coverage and educational programs have
played crucial roles in informing the public about the detrimental effects of waste accumulation and the
benefits of recycling. This awareness has led to more conscientious behavior regarding waste
management.
Additionally, many governments and local authorities have implemented policies and incentives to
promote recycling. These include the provision of accessible recycling facilities and bins, financial
incentives for recycling, and penalties for failing to separate recyclable waste. Such policies make it
easier and more advantageous for individuals and businesses to engage in recycling practices.
To further encourage recycling, additional steps can be taken. Education plays a critical role and should
be aimed at all age groups. Schools can integrate recycling into their curriculum, teaching students the
importance of recycling from a young age. Public campaigns can also emphasize the positive
environmental impact of recycling, potentially including testimonials from community members and data
on the benefits observed from recycling initiatives.
Furthermore, making recycling easier and more convenient is crucial. This can be achieved by increasing
the number of recycling centers and ensuring that residential and commercial areas are well-equipped
with recycling bins. Financial incentives, such as refunds or tax benefits for recycling, can also motivate
more people to participate in recycling programs.
In conclusion, the global increase in recycling is largely due to greater environmental awareness and
supportive government policies. By continuing to educate the public and making recycling an easy and
rewarding activity, it is possible to enhance recycling efforts worldwide and make significant strides
toward sustainability.
Glossary:
Apparent: easy to see or understand: rõ ràng
EX: Their devotion was apparent.
Detrimental (adj): harmful
EX: the sun’s detrimental effect on skin
Testimonials (n): a thing that you give or do to show that you admire and appreciate somebody: sự công
nhận và ủng hộ
EX: a testimonial game (= to raise money for a particular player)
Financial incentives (n): phần thưởng về mặt tài chính
Strides (n) a long step: trong bài là nghĩa bóng
EX: He crossed the room in two strides.

Sample 13
Cinema attendance in some countries is on the decline. What do you think are the causes of this
development and what measures could be taken to solve it?

The decline in cinema attendance in several countries has been a notable trend, influenced by various
factors. This essay explores the potential causes of this phenomenon and suggests measures to reverse the
trend.
One major cause of the decrease in cinema attendance is the rise of streaming services. Platforms like
Netflix, Amazon Prime, and Disney+ offer viewers the convenience of watching a wide range of movies
and TV shows from the comfort of their homes. This convenience, combined with the ability to pause,
rewind, and access a vast library at a fixed cost, has significantly diminished the appeal of traditional
movie theaters. Moreover, the quality of home entertainment systems has dramatically improved, making
the home viewing experience more comparable to that of cinemas.
Another contributing factor is the high cost of cinema tickets, concessions, and associated expenses such
as parking. For many, especially families and young adults, these costs can be prohibitive, steering them
towards more economical entertainment options.
To counteract these trends, cinema operators could take several measures. First, enhancing the cinema
experience to offer value that cannot be replicated at home could be effective. This could include
investing in advanced screening technologies like IMAX or 4DX, which are unique to cinemas, or
offering themed events and exclusive content such as director Q&As or premiere screenings.
Furthermore, cinemas could explore pricing strategies that provide better value for money, such as loyalty
programs, discounts for off-peak times, or bundled offers that include tickets, food, and beverages.
Partnerships with streaming services to offer exclusive in-theater screenings of popular series or movies
before they are available online could also draw audiences.
In conclusion, while the rise of streaming services and cost issues have led to a decline in cinema
attendance, cinemas can regain their appeal by enhancing the unique experiences they offer and adjusting
pricing strategies to provide better value. These measures could revitalize interest in the cinematic
experience and boost attendance.

Glossary:
Prohibitive (adj): (of a price or a cost) so high that it prevents people from buying something or doing
something: cao, can trở tiêu dùng (giá cả)
EX: prohibitive costs
steer sb towards sth: hướng sb đến sth
bundled offers: = combo
pricing strategy: chiến lược giá cả. Chữ này rất hay dùng trong business article, rất chuyên nghiệp.

Sample 14
Some people say children no longer need to develop handwriting skills. Others believe that
handwriting is still important.
Discuss both these views and give your opinion.

In the digital age, the debate over the necessity of teaching handwriting to children is becoming
increasingly relevant. Some argue that handwriting is becoming obsolete, while others maintain its
importance. This essay will discuss both viewpoints before concluding with a personal perspective.

Those who believe handwriting is no longer necessary argue that technology has largely replaced the need
for it. With the increasing prevalence of computers, tablets, and smartphones, typing skills are seen as
more essential for modern communication. Digital tools offer speed, efficiency, and the ability to edit
easily, which are critical in both academic and professional settings. Furthermore, as digital literacy
becomes more important, some educational systems prioritize teaching keyboarding and coding skills
over traditional handwriting.
Conversely, proponents of handwriting argue that it remains a crucial skill. Research suggests that the act
of handwriting enhances cognitive development, improves motor skills, and can boost memory retention
more effectively than typing. Handwriting also allows for greater creativity and individual expression,
which are not as easily conveyed through typed text. Moreover, there are practical aspects to consider,
such as signing documents or taking notes when digital devices are not available or appropriate.

Personally, I believe that while the importance of handwriting may have diminished, it still holds
significant value. Handwriting should not be completely abandoned in education. Instead, a balanced
approach should be adopted. Teaching children both handwriting and digital typing skills from an early
age will equip them with a more comprehensive set of tools for communication and expression.

In conclusion, although digital communication predominates in modern society, handwriting continues to

offer unique benefits that justify its inclusion in the curriculum. A blend of traditional and digital literacy
skills will prepare children more effectively for the future.

Glossary:
Obsolete(adj) = out-of-date: lỗi thời
EX That style was already obsolete in the 2020s
Abandon (v): leave sth: rời bỏ
EX: People often simply abandon their pets when they go abroad.
Predominates(v): be greater in amount or number than something: chiếm đa số
EX: Women predominated in the audience.
Motor skills: kĩ năng thần kinh vận động

Sample 15
Some people fail in school, but end up being successful in life. Why do you think that is the case?
What is, in your opinion, the most important thing to succeed in life?
It is a well-observed phenomenon that some individuals perform poorly in academic settings yet achieve
significant success later in life. This essay explores the reasons behind this and discusses what I consider
the most crucial factor for success in life.
One reason some people fail in school but succeed in life is that traditional educational environments do
not cater to all learning styles and intelligences. Schools often emphasize linguistic and mathematical
skills, neglecting other forms of intelligence such as interpersonal, spatial, or kinesthetic abilities.
Individuals who excel in these other areas might not perform well in a typical classroom setting but can
succeed exceptionally in fields that utilize their unique talents, such as entrepreneurship, arts, sports, or
social leadership.
Moreover, the skills required to excel in school, such as memorization and adherence to structured
testing, are different from those needed to succeed in real-world scenarios. Success in life often depends
more on traits like resilience, creativity, networking ability, and emotional intelligence. These skills
enable individuals to navigate complex life and work environments, which are not always assessed or
developed in academic settings.
In my opinion, the most important thing to succeed in life is perseverance. Success often comes from the
ability to persist through failures and setbacks. Many accomplished individuals have faced numerous
rejections and failures but have succeeded due to their determination to persevere. This trait enables
continuous learning and adaptation, which are crucial in a rapidly changing world.
In conclusion, educational success is not always a predictor of life success due to the varying skills and
traits that are valued in each context. While academic achievements are beneficial, perseverance is often
the key determinant of overall success in life. This quality allows individuals to overcome obstacles and
continue striving towards their goals, regardless of the challenges they face.
Glossary:
Interpersonal(adj): giữa người với người
EX: interpersonal relation
Spatial (adj) relating to space and the position: thuộc về không gian
EX: the development of a child’s spatial awareness (= the ability to judge the positions and sizes of
objects)
Kinesthetic (adj): thuộc về hệ vận động
EX: kinesthetic learning
Utilize (v): = to use sth/ make use of sth
EX: The Romans were the first to utilize concrete as a building material.
Persist (v): to continue to do something despite difficulties or opposition, in a way that can seem
unreasonable
EX: Why do you persist in blaming yourself for what happened?

Sample 16
With the rise in popularity of the internet, newspapers will soon become a thing of the past.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?

The debate over whether the rise of the internet will soon render newspapers obsolete is ongoing. This
essay examines both sides of this contention and explains why I believe that newspapers are unlikely to
vanish entirely.
Proponents of the view that newspapers are becoming outdated often cite the superior speed and
accessibility of online news. Digital news is updated continuously and can be accessed instantly from
anywhere, outpacing the traditional newspaper cycle. Additionally, online news platforms often offer
their content at a lower cost, and sometimes free, making it accessible to a broader audience. The internet
also allows for diverse formats, including videos and interactive elements, making the news more
engaging for users.
However, there are compelling reasons to support the continued existence of newspapers. Many readers
consider traditional print media to be more reliable than online sources, which can quickly publish
unverified information. Newspapers adhere to strict editorial standards, ensuring their reporting is
thorough and credible. Moreover, there is an enduring appeal in the tactile experience of reading a
physical newspaper. The satisfaction derived from turning the pages and the ritual of reading a print
newspaper at breakfast cannot be fully replicated by digital media.
In conclusion, although the internet has profoundly impacted how we access news, it is unlikely to lead to
the complete disappearance of newspapers. We can expect a media landscape where digital and print
coexist, with newspapers incorporating digital features to adapt to changing reader preferences. Despite
the convenience of digital media, the credibility and distinct experience offered by traditional newspapers
ensure they retain a dedicated readership.

Glossary:
Outdated(adj)= obsolete: lỗi thời
EX: It is an outdated and inefficient system.
Compelling (adj): super interesting
EX: Her latest book makes compelling reading.
Unverified (adj form of the verb “verfify)”: chưa được kiểm chứng
= unofficial
adhere to (v): to stick to something: gắn vs sth/ tuân theo sth
EX: Once in the bloodstream, the bacteria adhere to the surface of the red cells.
Ritual (n): nghi thức
EX: Drinking a cup of coffee is my morning ritual

Sample 17
Some people think that modern technology has more negative effects on our lives than positive
ones.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
The impact of modern technology on our lives is a topic of considerable debate. While some believe that
technology primarily has negative effects, others see it as overwhelmingly positive. This essay will
discuss both views before I offer my own perspective, which leans towards seeing more positive impacts
than negative.
On one hand, the critics of modern technology argue that it has detrimental effects on our social
interactions and mental health. With the rise of smartphones and social media, people are spending more
time engaged with their devices than in face-to-face interactions, which can exacerbate feelings of
loneliness and depression. Additionally, there is a concern about privacy and security, as vast amounts of
personal data are collected, stored, and sometimes misused by tech companies and hackers.
Furthermore, technology can contribute to job displacement as automation and artificial intelligence
become capable of performing tasks that were traditionally done by humans. This can lead to economic
disruption and widen the gap between those with the skills to work alongside new technologies and those
without.
However, it is undeniable that modern technology has also brought about significant benefits. Healthcare
has seen remarkable advances due to technology, from improved diagnostic tools to telemedicine, which
allows patients to consult with doctors remotely. Education has become more accessible through online
learning platforms, enabling people around the world to access knowledge and learning resources that
were previously out of reach.
Moreover, technology has greatly enhanced our ability to communicate and connect with others across
the globe, fostering a better understanding among different cultures and communities.
In conclusion, although there are valid concerns about the negative impacts of technology, I believe that
the benefits significantly outweigh these issues. Technology has revolutionized many aspects of life,
providing invaluable tools for health, education, and communication. Therefore, I disagree that the
negative effects surpass the positive ones.
Glossary:
misuse: (v): dùng sai (ý đồ xấu tiêu cực)
EX: alcohol/drug misuse
Automation (n): tự động hóa
EX: system of automation
Diagnostic (adj): (adj form of ‘diagnosis'): chẩn đoán
EX: to carry out diagnostic assessments/tests
Telemedicine(n): the use of electronic information and communications technologies to provide and
support health care: chăm sóc sưc khỏe/ chữa bệnh từ xa. Cái này ở Việt Nam tuy mới nhưng ở các quốc
gia như Mỹ thì có khá nhiều công ty làm lĩnh vực này, đặc biệt là trong thời điểm dịch. Người châu Á thì
có vẻ thích đi khám trực tiếp hơn (hoặc xu hướng này còn mới chưa phổ biến).
EX: Telemedicine is increasingly prevalent, helping with the public health regardless of distance
Surpass(v): vượt qua, be better than sb/sth
EX: Its success has surpassed all expectations.

Sample 18
All over the world, societies are facing a growing problem with obesity. This problem affects both
children and adults. What are the reasons for this rise in obesity? How could it be tackled?

Globally, the issue of obesity is becoming increasingly prevalent among both children and adults, posing
significant health risks and societal challenges. This essay explores the reasons for this alarming trend and
suggests potential strategies to address the issue.
The rise in obesity rates can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, dietary habits have dramatically
shifted towards higher intake of processed foods, which are often cheap, convenient, and packed with
unhealthy additives and high levels of sugars and fats. The availability of these foods has increased with
globalization and the expansion of food franchises.
Secondly, there is a noticeable decrease in physical activity. Modern lifestyles are becoming increasingly
sedentary, with many people, including children, spending a considerable amount of time engaged in
activities that require little to no physical movement, such as using computers, watching television, and
playing video games. Additionally, urbanization has led to environments that discourage physical activity
—cities often lack sufficient parks and pedestrian paths, making it difficult for residents to lead active
lifestyles.
To tackle the obesity epidemic, a multi-faceted approach is required. On a governmental level, policies
that promote healthier food options in schools and workplaces can make a significant impact. Tax
incentives for companies that provide healthy meals, along with higher taxes on junk food, could
encourage healthier eating habits. Furthermore, government-funded public health campaigns can raise
awareness about the benefits of a healthy diet and the dangers of obesity.
On the community level, creating more public spaces that encourage physical activities, such as parks,
gyms, and bike lanes, is crucial. Schools can also play a pivotal role by integrating physical education
more robustly into their curricula, ensuring that children develop active habits from an early age.
In conclusion, the obesity problem is driven by unhealthy dietary choices and a sedentary lifestyle,
exacerbated by modern societal structures. Addressing this issue requires concerted efforts from
governments, communities, and individuals to promote active lifestyles and healthier food consumption,
thereby reversing the current trends and improving public health.
Glossary:
Franchise (v): công ty nhượng quyền. Kiểu ngta bỏ tiền ra mua việc sử dụng thương hiệu, công thức sản
phẩm của bạn, thường là đóng 1 khoản trước sau đó trả theo % doanh thu trong các năm kế tiếp. Các
ngành thường thấy mô hình này là beverage & food, với lại ngành hospitality (Hyatt, Marriott,
Intercontinental, …)
EX: McDonald's has thousands of franchises around the world
Robustly(adv): in a strong and healthy way: mạnh mẽ
EX: The plants grew robustly.
Sedentary(adj): of people) spending a lot of time sitting down and not moving: thụ động
EX: He became increasingly sedentary in later life.
exacerbate:(v): to make something worse, especially a disease or problem
EX: His aggressive reaction only exacerbated the situation.

Sample 19
Some people think that charity organizations should only offer help to people of their own country.
But others believe that these organizations should give aid to people in great need wherever they
live.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Charitable organizations play a crucial role in alleviating human suffering, but there is debate over
whether they should focus their efforts domestically or extend their aid globally. This essay will discuss
both viewpoints before expressing my own opinion.
Proponents of limiting charity work to one’s own country argue that there are ample issues within
national borders that require attention and resources. They believe that by focusing locally, charities can
address the specific needs of their own communities more effectively and efficiently. This approach can
lead to a more direct impact, as organizations are more familiar with the local context and can tailor their
services to the specific cultural and social nuances of their population. Additionally, some argue that
prioritizing domestic charity helps build a stronger sense of community and national solidarity.
On the other hand, those who advocate for international assistance emphasize the moral duty to help those
in dire need, regardless of their geographic location. This perspective is grounded in a sense of global
citizenship and humanity's interconnectedness. Advocates for global charity argue that human suffering
should be alleviated wherever it is found, particularly in cases of extreme poverty or emergency situations
like natural disasters and wars, where the needs might far exceed local capacities to respond.
Furthermore, supporting global initiatives can also lead to more stabilized regions, which indirectly
benefits everyone by reducing issues like international conflict and economic instability.
In my opinion, while supporting local causes is undoubtedly important, the scope of charity should not be
geographically restricted. The essence of charity is to alleviate suffering and improve quality of life, tasks
that hold no national boundaries. With the increasing globalization of our world, a balanced approach that
includes both local and international aid is crucial. Therefore, I believe that charitable organizations
should extend their help based on need, rather than geographic location, to foster an inclusive, global
approach to humanitarian aid.
Glossary:
Nuances: a very slight difference in meaning, sound, colour or somebody’s feelings that is not usually
very obvious: sự thay đổi, khac biệt nhỏ
EX: He watched her face intently to catch every nuance of expression.
Interconnectedness (n): the state of being connected to similar things
EX: The study highlighted the interconnectedness of these issues.
Initiatives (n): a new plan for dealing with a particular problem: chiến lược. Thường đi với các động từ
như deploy, launch, và chủ ngữ thường là các công ty, tổ chức trở lên.
EX; United Nations peace initiative
Humanitarian (adj): connected with helping people who are suffering: vị lợi =for human sake
EX: to provide humanitarian aid to the war zone

Sample 20
These days, in many countries, fewer and fewer people want to become teachers. What are the
reasons for this?
How could more people be encouraged to come into the teaching profession?
The teaching profession, traditionally revered for its pivotal role in society, is currently experiencing a
decline in interest in many countries. This essay explores the reasons for this trend and suggests ways to
attract more individuals to teaching.
One primary reason for the decline in people entering the teaching profession is the perceived imbalance
between the demands of the job and the compensation provided. Teachers often face large class sizes,
limited resources, and considerable bureaucratic oversight, yet their salaries do not always reflect the
complexity and importance of their work. Additionally, the emotional and physical toll of teaching,
including long hours and the need to manage diverse classroom dynamics, can deter potential candidates.
Another factor contributing to the decline is the diminishing prestige and respect for teachers in society.
In some places, teaching is no longer seen as a desirable or respected career path compared to professions
in technology, finance, or medicine, which are often more lucrative and publicly valued.
To counteract these trends, several measures could be implemented. Firstly, improving the compensation
and benefits for teachers could make the profession more financially attractive. Adequate salaries, robust
retirement plans, and health benefits are essential in acknowledging the critical work teachers do.
Secondly, reducing the administrative burden and providing more support resources could make the
profession more appealing. Offering more aides, access to technology, and smaller class sizes would
allow teachers to focus more on teaching and less on peripheral duties.
Furthermore, elevating the status of teachers through public campaigns and governmental
acknowledgment could revive respect for the profession. Highlighting the impact of teachers on
individual lives and societal progress can remind the public of the essential role teachers play.
In conclusion, addressing the challenges teachers face and improving their working conditions and
societal standing are crucial steps towards attracting more people to the profession. By recognizing and
enhancing the value of teaching, society can encourage more individuals to pursue this noble and vital
career.
Glossary:
Revere (v)= idolise: thần tượng hóa
EX; He is now revered as a national hero.
Bureaucratic (adj): involving complicated official rules which may seem unnecessary: rườm rà
EX: bureaucratic power/control/procedures/organizations
Deter (v): (from something/from doing something) to make somebody decide not to do something or
continue doing something: tránh né sth
EX: I told him I wasn't interested, but he wasn't deterred.
Peripheral (adj): not as important as the main aim, part, etc. of something: thứ yếu
EX: In this case, money is of peripheral importance. (tiền chỉ là thứ yếu, không phải ưu tiên)
Revive (v): become, or to make somebody/something become, conscious or healthy and strong again: hồi
sinh
The flowers soon revived in water.