HYPOCHONDRIASIS

- Morbid preoccupation with fear or belief that one has a serious disease based on personal
interpretation of physical health;

* Anesthesia or paresthesia

* Paralysis

* Anosmia

* Blindness

* Aphonia

* Seizures

- No physical evidence of serious disease;

- Characterized by unwavering conviction of his/her illness;

- May show "LA BELLE INDIFFERENCE."

- Lack of concern regarding the severity of symptoms;

- The client explains a severe disease calmly...

PAIN DISORDER

- Preoccupation with pain with no diagnostic findings as to the cause or intensity of pain;

- Pain that doesn't follow anatomical nervous system distribution;

- Have long history of several consultations with numerous doctors, use of drugs, or alcohol abuse;

- There is clear connection between a psychological stressor and onset of symptoms;

- With marked impairment in lifestyle and ADL;

SOMATIZATION DISORDER

- These individuals verbalize recurrent, frequent, and multiple somatic complaints for several years
without physiologic cause;

- Begins before age 30;

- Clients usually see several physicians thru the years and even have exploratory and unnecessary
surgeries;

- May also have social and occupational impairments;

- These px's may have anxiety or depression;

- Or sleep disturbances, nervousness and experience suicidal ideation because of hopelessness about
getting better;

Common symptoms:

* Nausea and vomiting

* Dizziness

* Shortness of breath

* Dysmenorrhea

* Chest pain

Other Types of Somatoform Disorders:

1. MALINGERING

• Intentional production of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms to get

external compensation (leave, evading prosecution, compensation)

• May have no real symptoms or over exaggerated minor symptoms.

2. FACTITIOUS DISORDER aka Munchausen's syndrome;

* When physical or psychological symptoms are intentionally produced or feigned TO GAIN

ATTENTION;

* they may inflict injury to themselves to receive attention;

* Munchausen's by proxy - person inflicts injury or illness on SOMEONE else to gain attention or to be a
hero.

Mental disorders

SLEEP DISORDERS

• Sleep is a state of unconsciousness in which the brain is relatively more responsive to internal than
external stimuli.

• non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM)

sleep.

A sleep disorder, or somnipathy, is a medical disorder of the sleep patterns of a person or animal

• A test commonly ordered for some sleep disorders is the polysomnography.

•are serious enough to interfere with normal physical, mental and emotional functioning.

INSOMNIA

• Primary insomnia:

Chronic difficulty in falling asleep and/or maintaining sleep when no other cause is found for these
symptoms.

* Difficulty falling asleep at night or getting back to sleep after waking during the night.

* Waking up frequently during the night.

* Your sleep feels light, fragmented, or unrefreshing.

* You need to take something (sleeping pills, nightcap, supplements) in order to get to sleep.

* Sleepiness and low energy during the day.

Sometimes, insomnia only lasts a few days and goes away on its own, especially when the insomnia is
tied to an obvious temporary cause, such as stress over an upcoming presentation, a painful breakup, or
jet lag.

• Other times, insomnia is stubbornly persistent. CHRONIC INSOMNIA is usually tied to an underlying
mental or physical issue.

• Anxiety and depression: Two of the most common causes of chronic insomnia

Psychological problems that can cause insomnia:

• depression, anxiety,
• chronic stress, bipolar disorder,

• post-traumatic stress disorder.

Medications that can cause insomnia:

• antidepressants; cold and flu medications that contain alcohol; pain relievers that contain caffeine
(Midol, Excedrin);

* diuretics, corticosteroids,

* thyroid hormone, high blood pressure medications.

Medical problems that can cause insomnia:

* asthma, allergies,

* Parkinson's disease,

* hyperthyroidism,

* acid reflux,

* kidney disease

* cancer, or chronic pain.