LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION

Lecturer:
Berlian Raharjo,S.S, M.Hum.

By:
Yuniazka Putri Maslia
202317003

SURAKARTA UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
ENGLISH LITERATURE
SURAKARTA
2024
I. INTRODUCTION

Humans need communication to help survival, one of which is by using language

as a means of communication. Language is the most effective communication tool in
conveying messages, thoughts, feelings, goals to others and allows for creating
cooperation between humans. So that the role of language becomes very dominant in
various human daily activities. The purpose of this study is to describe matters relating to
language as a means of communication and communication in everyday life. The method
used in this research is the literature review method, the data are collected from relevant
literature data. The result of this research and discussion is to explain about language as a
communication tool which discusses the function of language as a human communication
tool which includes five basic functions, namely the function of expression, the function
of information, the function of exploration, the function of persuasion, and the function
of entertainment. And explain about communication in everyday life which discusses
why we communicate and the language used when communicating in everyday life. As
social beings, of course humans in their lives need communication to be able to establish
relationships with other humans. Language is the most effective tool or medium for
conveying thoughts, with human language being able to interact and talk about anything.
For this reason, every human being communicates to get or convey information or
messages.

The most reliable communication tool in the common life of a society is language.
Humans use language in all their daily lives. Language has become so important in the
whole of human life. If the use of language can be minimally understood according to the
intent and purpose of the speaker then the language has achieved the goal in conveying a
message in communication. In formal settings, all speech must follow certain patterns. In
learning the purpose and objectives of communicating either orally or in writing, the
main context that needs to be considered by the speaker is that the purpose of the
language can be achieved or the language can be used to convey a message.

Whether we realize it or not, most human actions in communication, including

political, social, legal and educational actions, are strongly influenced by language. The
role of language becomes very dominant in various daily human activities, there is no
action without language. Language creates meanings and values that are believed and
used as guidelines for life.
The history of world civilization is actually the history of language. Ancient Greek
philosophers such as Aristotle began to realize the function of language as a tool to seek
and reveal the truth. All human actions expressed through language can be understood
through communication. Thus what is emphasized here is the use of language in the
process of communication.
II. CONTENT

A. THE NATURE OF LANGUAGE

Language is a communication system used by humans and other creatures
to interact and share information, with components such as symbols,
words, grammar rules, and various other elements that form a complex
and meaningful communication tool.
Language, in general, refers to the communication system used by humans
or other creatures to communicate, expressing thoughts, ideas, feelings, or
information between each other. Language is one of the characteristics
that distinguish humans from other animals, because humans have the
ability to use complex and abstract language.

B. THE FUNCTION OF LANGUAGE

1. Language as a tool of communication
Language functions as a means of communication between
members of society. This function is used in various environments,
levels, and diverse interests, for example: scientific
communication, business communication, labor communication,
social communication, and cultural communication.
2. Language as a tool of integration and adaptation
With language people can express living together in a bond. For
example: the integrity of work in an institution, the integrity of
employees in a department, the integrity of the family, the integrity
of cooperation in the field of business, the integrity of nation and
state.
3. Language as a tool of social control
Language as social control serves to control communication so that
people involved in communication can understand each other.
Each observes the words, behaviors, and other symbols that
indicate the direction of communication. This language of control
can be manifested in the form of : rules, articles of association,
laws and others.
4. Language as a tool of understanding self
In building character, a person must be able to understand and
identify their own condition first. they must be able to mention
their potential, weaknesses, strengths, talents, intelligence,
intellectual abilities, willpower, temperament, and so on. this
understanding includes physical abilities, emotions, intelligence,
intelligence, psychology, character, psychosocial, and others. from
a careful understanding of themselves, a person will be able to
build their character and orbit them towards developing their
potential and ability to create a new creativity.
C. THE DEFINITION OF LANGUAGE
Language is a system of speech sound symbols used to communicate by
the community that uses it. A good language develops based on a system,
which is a set of rules obeyed by its users. Language itself functions as a
means of communication and as a means of integration and adaptation.
1. The definition of language according to experts
a) William A. Haviland
A language is a system of sounds that, when combined
according to certain rules, create a meaning that can be
understood by everyone who speaks the language.
b) Keraf in Smarapradhipa (2005)
Provides two definitions of language. The first definition
states language as a means of communication between
members of society in the form of sound symbols produced
by human speech. Second, language is a communication
system that uses vocal symbols (speech sounds) that are
arbitrary.
c) Algeo (2005)
A language is a system of conventional vocal signs by
means of which human beings communicate. This
definition has several important terms, each of which is
examined in some detail... Those terms are system, signs,
vocal, conventional, human, communicate.
d) Owen in Stiawan (2006)
Explains the definition of language, namely language can
be defined as a socially shared combinations of those
symbols and rule governed combinations of those symbols
(language can be defined as a socially accepted code or
conventional system for conveying concepts through the
use of desired symbols and combinations of symbols
governed by provisions).
e) Carrol
Language is a structured system of sounds and sequences
of language sounds that are arbitrary, used, or that can be
used in communication between individuals by a group of
humans and which rather thoroughly gives names to
objects, events, and processes in the human environment.
f) Syamsuddin (1986)
He gave two definitions of language. First, language is a
tool used to form thoughts and feelings, desires and
actions, a tool used to influence and be influenced. Second,
language is a clear sign of good and bad personality, a clear
sign of family and nation, a clear sign of humanity.
g) Mc. Carthy
Language is the most appropriate practice for developing
thinking skills.
D. THE NATURE OF COMMUNICATION
Communication comes from the Latin “communicates” which means
sharing or belonging together. Communication is defined as the process of
sharing between the parties to the communication.
In general, communication can be defined as a process of conveying
messages from a source to a recipient with the intention of influencing the
recipient.
According to the Indonesian dictionary, communication is the contact,
relationship, delivery and reception of messages carried out by two or
more people which allows the message to be received and understood.

E. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION

1. Communication is a process, Communication is a series of actions
or events that occur sequentially.
2. Communication is a deliberate and purposeful effort (done in a
state of consciousness).
3. Communication requires the participation and cooperation of the
actors involved. communication activities will take place well, if the
parties involved communicate.
4. Communication is symbolic, communication is basically an action
carried out using symbols.
5. communication is transactional, communication basically demands
two acts of giving and receiving. communication penetrates the time and
space factor communication penetrates the time and space factor means
that the participants or actors involved in communication do not have to
be present at the same time and place.

F. THE DEFINITION OF COMMUNICATION

Communication is a necessary activity for every individual, as it happens
every day. Communication is a continuous process that involves the
transfer of information from a source to a receiver and there is a mutual
understanding between the two.
1. Definition of communication according to experts
a) Onong Uchjan Effendy
Communication is the process of conveying messages to
others to inform, change attitudes, opinions or behavior
both orally (directly) and indirectly (through the media).
b) BF. Skiner
Communication is verbal or symbolic behavior in which
the sender attempts to obtain a desired effect on the
receiver.
c) Cart I. Hovland
Communication is a process that allows a person
(Communicator) to convey stimuli to change the behavior
of others.
G. THE OLDEST LANGUAGE IN THE WORLD
1. Arabic
It is spoken by 360.2 million people who are around 1,500 years
old. Arabic was first discovered in an inscription at Qaryat al-Fāw.
Countries that speak Arabic are Algeria, Bahrain, Chad, Comoros,
Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania,
Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria,
Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.
2. Tamil
It is the oldest language in the world as it is more than 5,000 years
old. It was first discovered in inscriptions and pottery shards dating
back to the 5th century BC. Tamil is spoken in the Indian state of
Tamil Nadu and the union territory of Puducherry. It is also an
official language in Sri Lanka and Singapore. There are also some
numbers of speakers in Malaysia, Mauritius, Fiji and South Africa.
At the beginning of the 21st century, there were more than 66
million Tamil speakers.
3. Sankrit
It is an ancient language of India and is considered the "language
of the gods". Sanskrit is about 5,000 years old. It was originally
found in the Rgveda, a collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns in the
2nd millennium BC. It remains in use, but not generally. Sanskrit
can be found in the scriptures of Hinduism, Buddhism, and
Jainism.
4. Greek
This Indo-European language dates back to around 1300 BC. Not
only spoken in Greece, it is also spoken by the Turks and Cypriots.
There are more than 13.5 million speakers in the world. The
history of the discovery of this language is divided into three
stages, namely Ancient Greece, Medieval Greece, and Modern
Greece.
5. Chinese
It is the most spoken language in the world, with around 1.31
billion people. Chinese is about 6,000 years old. The countries that
speak it are China, Taiwan, Singapore and Macao. Chinese writing
was originally found on ox bones and tortoise shells dating back to
the Shang Dynasty. This proves that the Chinese language is more
than 3,000 years old.
III. CONCLUSION

Language as a communication tool is the most effective way to convey

thoughts, intent or purpose to the person we are communicating with. Language
as a means of communication has the main function of language is that
communication is the delivery of a message or meaning by someone to someone
else. or meaning by one person to another. The function of language as a means of
human communication includes five basic functions, namely the function of
expression, information function, exploration function, persuasion function and
entertainment function. persuasion and entertainment functions. Humans have a
very broad realm of life, so it is not uncommon if we talk about the function of
language is also very much depending on the situation and the place where the
language is used. the place where the language is used. Humans need language as
a means of communication. Language as a means of communication, plays a very
important role in human life because with language humans can interact and talk
about anything. because with language humans can interact and talk about
anything. Based on the way language is presented can be divided into two means,
namely means with written language and spoken language. spoken language,
whether spoken language or written language, one of its functions is to
communicate so that social interactions in society can be established.
communicate so that it affects social interaction in society can be established.
IV. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Mailani, O. (2022). Bahasa Sebagai Alat Komunikasi Dalam Kehidupan Manusia. Bandung: IHSA
Institute.

Masjoko. (2018). Hakikat Komunikasi. Keterampilan Komunikasi yang mendidik, 2.

Novita, M. (2022). 5 bahasa paling tua didunia. 5 bahasa paling tua didunia, 1.

Tivani, H. (2017). Hakikat Bahasa. Hakikat Bahasa dan Pembelajaran Bahasa, 23.