DNA

EXTRACTION
WHAT TO PREPARE? 1. 1 pc Banana (ripe)
2. 1 cup water (preferrably distilled)
3. 1 tsp. table salt (iodized)
4. 1 tsp. liquid dishwashing soap
5. 1 Resealable ziplock bag (you can use a mortar and pestle)
6. Isopropyl Alcohol (place in the freezer ahead of time)
7. Coffee Filter (if not available, you can use toilet/facial/kitchen tissue)
8. Spoon (plastic or steel)
9. Funnel
10. 2 Plastic Cups/2 glasses
11. wooden stick (size of a bbq or fishball stick)
 STEP 1
CUT THE FRUIT INTO SMALL PIECES

If you use ripe banana, peel it and chop it into

small pieces.
 STEP 2
MASH THE FRUIT

Place the small pieces of banana in a mortar and

mash the fruit samples for 2-3 minutes. It should
result in a soft and smooth semisolid consistency.
 STEP 3
PREPARE THE LYSIS SOLUTION

In a cup, mix 1 tsp of liquid dishwashing soap with

5 tsp of water.
 STEP 4
POUR THE LYSIS SOLUTION TO THE
FRUIT PUREE
Add the lysis solution into the bag and gently mix,
not trying to make it foam up.
 STEP 5
ADD THE IODIZED SALT
Dissolve a pinch of iodized salt with 3 tsp of water
in another cup. Add the saltwater solution in the
fruit mixture. Genlty mash for 3 minutes.
 STEP 6
FILTER THE MIXTURE
Place the tissues in a funnerl. Place it on a top of a
another cup. Place the mixture into the filter a little
at a timeto avoid breaking the tissue. Let it sit until
all of the liquid drips down into the cup.
 STEP 7
PRECIPITATE THE DNA
Get the cold isopropyl alchohol and set it aside.
Tild the cup/test tube which contains the filtrate
liquid. Slowly add the cold alcohol down the side
of the cup/test tube. Add the amount of alcohol
the same with the amount of the banana filtrate.
 STEP 8
COLLECTION OF DNA SAMPLE
Wait for 8-10 minutes before you fully observe the
clumpled DNA sample. Use wooden stick to poke
the cloudy stuff between the two liquid layers.
WE CAN NOW
SEE THE DNA
OF A BANANA
WITHOUT
USING A
MICROSCOPE!
 S C I E NC E F A C T
DNA is found in the cells of every living organism. It is incredibly small, but
we can see it by extracting DNA and isolating chains of it. The soap
solution contains sodium laurel sulfate, which can break up fats and
proteins. During the DNA extraction, the soap pulls apart the fats (lipids)
and proteins that make up the membranes surrounding the cell and
nucleus. Once these membranes are broken apart, the DNA is released
from the cell. The salt enables the DNA strands to come together, or
aggregate. The DNA precipitates out of the solution when the alcohol is
added. The alcohol separates the DNA from the other cell components,
which are left behind in the water solution.