PX Care
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Health Care Facilities
- hospitals, primary health-care centers, isolation camps,
burn patient units, feeding centers and others.
A NURSE is a caregiver for patients and helps to manage
physical needs, prevent illness, and treat health conditions.
● are responsible for the holistic care of patients,
which encompasses the psychosocial,
developmental, cultural, and spiritual needs of the
individual.
Promoting health
Healthy Food & Drink
- Health care providers and institutions play both a direct
and a symbolic role in improving diet by urging patients to
adopt improved nutrition and by showcasing healthy food
and drink at their institution.
Influenza Vaccination
It is incongruous for health care providers to urge patients
to be vaccinated against seasonal influenza when they or
many of their colleagues have not been vaccinated. To
prevent health care facilities from being the source of
infectious diseases and to fulfill their obligations as public
health role models.
Preventing further trauma
Medical Trauma: Prevention, Intervention,
Assessment, and Transformation
❖ Prevention
One of the fundamental values of the counseling profession
is prevention, and it is through this lens that the medical
counselors must examine their role in helping patients
who experience medical trauma.
❖ Assessment
To identify when a client’s problems are the direct result of
a medical trauma. Thiswill require that the medical
assistant pay much attention to their clients’ medical
histories as they do to their social histories.
❖ Intervention
“the most valued aspect of nursing care is the ability to
relieve fear and worry through caring behavior”. The
healthcare facilities are uniquely trained in prevention of
and intervention for mental and emotional disorders and
psychological pain of a patient.
❖ Transformation
Medical Counselors are concerned not only with treating
posttraumatic distress, but also with facilitating
posttraumatic growth, or the transformation that builds on
pre-trauma psychological functioning.
❖ Education
The healthcare facilities are also responsible for ensuring
that patients are able to understand their health, illnesses,
medications, and treatments to the best of their ability.
This is of the essence when patients are discharged from
hospital and need to take control of their own treatments.
❖ Research
It can provide important information about disease trends
and risk factors, outcomes of treatment or public health
interventions, functional abilities, patterns of care, and
health care costs and use. Clinical trials can provide
important information about the efficacy and adverse
effects of medical interventions by controlling the
variables that could impact the results of the study.
Members of Healthcare Team
DOCTORS
Doctors, or physicians, are key members of the healthcare
team. They have years of education and training. They may
be primary care doctors or specialists.
PRIMARY CARE DOCTORS
Primary care doctors focus on preventive healthcare. This
includes regular check-ups, disease screening tests,
immunizations and health counseling. Primary care
doctors may be family practitioners, internal medicine or
Osteopathic Doctors.
SPECIALISTS
Physician Assistants (PA's)
- A license to practice medicine and be supervised by a
doctor.
- A physician's assistant can perform physical exams, order
tests, diagnose illnesses and prescribe medicine, assist in
surgery, provide preventive Healthcare counseling.
Nurses
Work closely with patients. A nurse’s job duties depend on
their education, area of specialty and work setting.
Types of nurses
Licensed Practical Nurses (LPN) are also called Licensed
Vocation Nurses. They train for about one year at a
community college or vocational school and are licensed
by their state.
Registered Nurses (RN’s) are licensed by their state. They
may have completed a diploma program of a bachelor’s
(4-year) degree.
In performing radiographic examination
Radiologic technologists who perform imaging
examinations are responsible for accurately positioning
patients and ensuring that a quality diagnostic image is
produced.
Performing patient care and assessment
Radiography integrates scientific knowledge, technical
competence and patient interaction skills to provide safe
and accurate procedures with the highest regard to all
aspects of patient care.
A radiographer recognizes patient conditions essential for
the successful completion of the procedure.
Adhering to radiation protection guidelines
Radiographers must maintain a high degree of accuracy in
radiographic positioning and exposure technique. They
must possess, apply and maintain knowledge of radiation
protection and safety.
Assisting the radiologist
Radiographers independently perform or assist the
licensed practitioner in the completion of radiographic
procedures. Radiographers prepare, administer and
document activities related to medications in accordance
with state and federal regulations or lawful institutional
policy.
Identify the patient
The information on the examination request form must be
immediately verified or matched to the patient’s wristband
on the patient’s arrival to the radiographic room.
Method
To assist further with properly identifying a patient, many
imaging departments require that the patient’s name, date
of birth, facility identification number, and date of the
examination be photographed on the images.
Determine pregnant patients
As stated in the Hospital Formulary, the Radiology
Department should be notified when a patient is known or
thought to be pregnant. Before every imaging procedure,
the technologist should inquire from all female patients, in
the child bearing age, as to whether she is, or may possibly
be pregnant.
Communicate with the patient
Verbally
Radiological screening programmers have always been an
exception to this referrer-led communication pattern,
having been early adopters of direct communication.
Non-Verbal
The written radiology report is the most critical
component of the service provided by a radiologist. It
constitutes the formal documentation and communication
of the results of a radiologic study or procedure.
Feedback
Patients' comments regarding their experiences in
undergoing radiologic imaging were largely influenced by
staff behavior and communication, as well as wait times,
with radiologists having a far lesser immediate impact.
Rapport
Being spoken to with respect and feeling that they were
being listened to can help the patients enquire about their
comfort levels and how they were feeling. To this method
the patient was more likely to return for further screening
if they had a positive experience.
Educate the patient
Healthcare professionals need to address these gaps in
information-seeking and work to better meet patient
preferences. Patients who do not have sufficient
information going into any type of exam tend to experience
higher rates of anxiety, thus negatively impacting the
patient experience.
Patients who have more information about their
conditions and treatments, they become more activated
and can play a meaningful role in their own health.
Respect cultural diversity
“Cultural competency” raise HCPs' understanding of the
differing needs of various groups. A welcoming and
accessible environment, interpreter services and
language/culturally appropriate health educational
materials can benefit both sides as patients want to be
treated as individuals, not as a
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medical problem to be solved. Avoid common radiation
safety issues and concerns
Physician’s Order
A physician order is an authorization for you to have lab
testing performed. It's similar to a doctor providing a
prescription for medication. Patients full name, date and
time of order Date and time drug is to be administered
Generic or trade name of drug Dosage and route of
administration with Physician's signature.
Consent
Contract where a patient voluntarily gives permission to
perform a service. Correlation of patient observation with
ordered radiographic procedure
Suggestions for modified/additional procedures
One must have exceptional technical skills and superior
communication and patient-teaching skills. In these areas
of patient care, the physician, the registered nurse, the
technologist, the sonographer or the therapist, and other
health care specialists work together as an interdependent
team. Each depends on the other for safe and successful
diagnostic and treatment outcomes. All patient care skills
presented in the previous chapters of this text need to be
applied in these areas.
Care of patient valuables
1. Encourage patients to leave valuables at home.
2. Require patients to sign a liability waiver.
3. Offer patients a place to lock away valuables.
4. Use an inventory and receipt system.
5. Don't forget the emergency department (ED) and
outpatients.
Undressing/dressing the patient
1. Always preserve the person's modesty by not
undressing him unnecessarily.
2. Close the door and draw the curtains when
undressing the person.
3. Keep the room warm because you may take some
time to complete the task.
4. Encourage the person to do as much as possible
himself to boost his independence and morale.
5. Talk to the person to alleviate anxieties and
embarrassment during the process.
6. Do not rush through the procedure. Be gentle in
your movements and pull
Assisting patient with the use of bedpan/urinal
1. Give the person a damp washcloth or wet wipe to
clean his hands after using the bedpan or urinal.
2. Take the bedpan or urinal to the bathroom and
empty it into the toilet.
3. Clean the bedpan or urinal with soap and water.
4. Clean the bedpan or urinal as needed with a
disinfectant soap or cleaning solution such as
bleach.
Verification of appropriate dietary preparation
1. Determine all of the processes and parameters
that need to be verified and identify qualified
experts who can perform this task.
2. Verification activities should include documented
evidence to confirm the efficacy of all elements of
the food safety system.
Verification of appropriate medication preparation
1. Verify any medication order and make sure it's
complete.
2. The order should include the drug name, dosage,
frequency and route of administration. If any
element is missing, check with the practitioner.
3. Check the patient's medical record for an allergy
or contraindication to the prescribed medication.
4. Prepare medications for one patient at a time.
Educate patients about their medications.
5. Encourage them to speak up if something seems
amiss.
6. Follow the eight rights of medication
administration.
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