THUONG MAI UNIVERSITY

THE MAJOR OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM AND E-COMMERCE

----------🙠🕮🙢---------

DISCUSSION

ENGLISH FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES 2

TOPIC

THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

ON MARKETING

GROUP 04

LECTURES VŨ THỊ THU TRANG

COURSE NUMBER 232_ENTI1012_50

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 BIÊN BẢN PHÂN CÔNG NHIỆM VỤ THẢO LUẬN
1. Chủ đề thảo luận: The Impact of technological development on marketing
2. Nhóm: 04
3. Thời gian họp: 21h00, ngày 07/03/2024
4. Nội dung họp:
Tất cả thành viên nhóm cùng thực hiện và phân chia nhiệm vụ bài thảo luận, cụ thể
như sau:
Họ và tên Phân công nhiệm vụ Đánh giá Điểm
Bùi Thị Hải Ngân 2.4. The impact of Đóng góp tích cực và thực 9.8
technological development hiện đúng các công việc
on marketing
Trần Lê Ngân Leader Đóng góp tích cực và thực 9.8
Word hiện đúng các công việc
2.1. Definition of
technology
Kim Hồng Nhung 2.3. The importance of Thực hiện đúng các công 9.2
technology in the việc được phân công
marketing environment
Phạm Xuân Phú 2.5.2 Challenges Thực hiện đúng các công 9.2
việc được phân công
Nguyễn Thị Phương MC Đóng góp tích cực và thực 9.8
2.5.1. Opportunities hiện đúng các công việc
Nguyễn Phương Phước 2.6. Suggestions for Thực hiện đúng các công 9.2
improving the application việc được phân công
of technology in marketing

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 CONTENTS
BIÊN BẢN PHÂN CÔNG NHIỆM VỤ THẢO LUẬN.....................................................2
I. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................4
II. MAIN CONTENT........................................................................................................4
2.1. Definition of technology..........................................................................................4
2.2. History of technological development....................................................................6
a. Palaeolithic Period (2.3 Million Years Ago).........................................................6
b. Lower Paleolithic Period (1.3 Million Years Ago)...............................................6
c. Neolithic Period (12,000-15,000 Years Ago)........................................................6
d. Copper and Bronze Age ( 6000 BC)......................................................................6
e. Iron Age (1200 BC-2000 BC)...............................................................................6
f. Mesopotamia (800-1800 BC)................................................................................7
g. The Roman Empire (25 BC – 390 AD).................................................................7
h. 18th &19th Century: The Era of Modern Technology..........................................7
2.3. The importance of technology in the marketing environment............................9
a. Data-Driven Marketing..........................................................................................9
b. Social Media Marketing........................................................................................9
c. Customer Experience Management.......................................................................9
d. Artificial Intelligence in Marketing.......................................................................9
2.4. The impact of technological development on marketing.....................................9
a. Digital Advertising:.............................................................................................10
b. Data-driven Marketing:.......................................................................................10
c. Social Media and Influencer Marketing:.............................................................10
d. E-commerce and Mobile Marketing:...................................................................10
e. Content Marketing and Personalization:.............................................................10
f. Marketing Automation:.......................................................................................11
g. Virtual and Augmented Reality:..........................................................................11
2.5. Opportunities and Challenges..............................................................................11
2.5.1. Opportunities.....................................................................................................11
2.5.2 Challenges..........................................................................................................12
2.6. Suggestions for improving the application of technology on marketing..........13
III. CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................15
OUTLINE (Commented version by lecturer)...................................................................16
OUTLINE (Final version)..................................................................................................17

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 I. INTRODUCTION
In the current fast-paced digital era, technology plays a pivotal role in shaping
successful marketing strategies. The days of relying solely on traditional marketing
methods are long gone. Instead, businesses must embrace technological advancements to
maintain competitiveness and relevance in the ever-evolving marketing landscape. The
marketing industry has a very long history and technology is an indispensable part of that
development journey. In 2013, 47% of US marketers focused on creativity to drive
marketing strategy. In 2022, for 56% of marketers, both creativity and technology will
play an equal role in determining where and how they engage with their customers. 30%
will prioritize technology over creativity. Therefore, Through the topic “The Impact of
technological development on marketing”, Group 4 aim to provide a comprehensive
understanding of the effect of technology on marketing, the opportunities, the challenges
and give some suggestions for improving the application of technology in marketing.

II. MAIN CONTENT

2.1. Definition of technology

According to The United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and
the Pacific (ESCAP), technology is systematic knowledge about processes and techniques
used to process materials and information. Technology includes knowledge and skills,
equipment, methods, and systems are used in creating goods and providing services.
ESCAP's definition of technology is considered a turning point in the concept of
technology. According to this definition, not only material production uses technology,
but the concept of technology is expanded to all fields of social activity.
According to the research documents of Associate Professor Dr. Vu Cao Dam,
there are three concepts of technology:
Concept 1: "Technology is a strict order of operations for material and information
processing."
Concept 2: "Technology is a material or information processing device, including
hardware and software."
Concept 3 (Sharif Model): "Technology is a body (system) of knowledge about
the processing of matter or information about the means and methods of processing

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matter and/or information. Technology includes four factors: Technoware; Inforware;
Humanware; Orgaware.

From the above definition, it can be seen that any technology includes four basic
components: Technoware; Inforware; Humanware; Orgaware. The interaction between
these four components will create the desired technological transformation.
Technoware: This is the physical part of technology, including all physical means
such as equipment, machinery, raw materials, vehicles, etc. Any technology must contain
inside it the equipment section. This part is considered the core of the technology. It is
deployed, installed, and operated by humans.
Humanware: For machines to run, there must be people. People here can be
users, operators, or people who manufacture and improve machines. People in
technology are understood as having human capabilities in technology such as skills and
experience. , creativity, leadership, etc. People make machines and equipment develop to
their full potential. People play an active role in technology but are influenced by
information and organization.
Inforware: Technology is expressed in the form of theories, concepts, parameters,
formulas, know-how, etc. This is called the information part of technology. This part
represents knowledge accumulated through technology. Thanks to this knowledge,
people can shorten their time and energy when solving technology-related tasks.
Information must be regularly updated and must go hand in hand with technology. For

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the same technology, if we apply different knowledge, we will create different products.
Information is considered the power of technology.
Orgaware: Any system needs to have an organization to manage the system's
operations. Technology is the same; it needs to have a department responsible for
coordinating the remaining components of technology together to ensure the most
effective operation. The organizational part helps manage, plan, organize human
resources, control transformation activities, etc., and it depends on the complexity of the
equipment and information in the technology. The organizing room is considered a
driving force of technology and itself changes over time.

2.2. History of technological development

Technology, like a constant flow, constantly changing through each period, from
rudimentary prehistoric tools today’s advanced scientific achievements, has shaped
human life, opened create new pages of history for human civilization.
a. Palaeolithic Period (2.3 Million Years Ago)
In the Prehistoric Period, also known as “before the stone age” humans
constructed the earliest means of human tools such as knives, hammers, and scrapers,
using stone, wood, antlers, and bones.
b. Lower Paleolithic Period (1.3 Million Years Ago)
In the lower Paleolithic Period, humans discovered fire during this period. The
discovery of fire allowed humans to cook food and provided visibility at night.
c. Neolithic Period (12,000-15,000 Years Ago)
Entering the Neolithic Period, mud and clay were used to build houses and
settlement. Humans also made fabrics from animal skin, and fur to create clothing.
d. Copper and Bronze Age ( 6000 BC)
The Copper and Bronze age is an era of great technological advancements.
Humans began to extract materials such as copper and bronze for making tools. Copper
smelting technology allowed humans to create more precise, polished, and exact shaped
mechanical tools.
e. Iron Age (1200 BC-2000 BC)
Through the Bronze Age, people entered the Iron Age. During this particular
period of time, the introduction of iron ore smelting and forging technology ,enabling the
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production of more efficient, lighter, stronger, and cheaper tools and weapons, thus
replacing those made from bronze and copper.
f. Mesopotamia (800-1800 BC)
In Mesopotamia (800-1800 BC), Mesopotamia pioneered the discovery of wheels.
It witnessed significant technological advancements such as the first true arc
construction, water transportation, irrigation, and many more.
g. The Roman Empire (25 BC – 390 AD)
By the time of The Roman empire. The Roman empire was economically
developed and productive, thanks to advanced engineering and scientific knowledge.
Notable Roman inventions include concrete, glass blowing, dams, reservoirs, and
advanced building technology.
h. 18th &19th Century: The Era of Modern Technology
After going through the primitive period, people entered the 18th and 19th
centuries, making the explosion of technology. This is the period when new inventions
continuously appear, completely changing the way people live and work. The first
industrial revolution was a milestone marking this development.
- First Industrial Revolution (1600-1820s)
During the first industrial revolution, numerous inventions were unveiled.
Minerals like Coal were used to generate much of theenergy for the industry. The
revolution began with the transformation of manufacturing processes from hand to
machine production in the textile industry. Steam-powered locomotives accelerated
mobility and introduced railway transportation.
+ The Evolution of Technology in Communication (1831)
The big change in technology started in 1831 when the electric telegraph was
invented.
+ The Invention of The Telephone (1849)
The Tech phone was invented in 1849, but it took almost 50 years to develop the
telephone. One of the biggest turning points in the world of technology was when
Motorola created the first phone in 1973, which kick-started the development of mobile
phones that have since changed the world.

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 + The Invention of The Automobile (1880)
In 1880, The first automobile was powered by an internal combustion engine.
- Second Industrial Revolution (1860-1930)
During the period of the second industrial revolution new industries emerged, and
mass manufacturing revolutionized industrial production. It paved the way for rapid
industrialization. Numerous technological developments in steel, petroleum, chemical,
and electrical industries were conducted.
+ The Invention of Airplanes (1904)
In 1904, When the Wright brothers flew the first aeroplane in 1905 1904 This led
to notable technological advancements in the aerospace industry.
+ The Invention of The Computer (1930)
Since the introduction of the very first computing device, “ENIAC”, the computer
industry has gone through revolutionary technological advancements. Computers can
perform multiple tasks simultaneously. Supercomputers have the ability to perform
complex and critical operations within seconds.
- Third Industrial Revolution (1950 - 1970)
After the second industrial revolution, the third industrial revolution, also known
as the digital revolution, took place from 1950 to the late 1970s.
+ Internet – (1969)
Internet communication has had a revolutionary impact since the mid 19th century
in 1969. Thanks to internet technology, people now can communicate with others from
anywhere in the world. The Internet is leading globalization. Because of the internet,
various new businesses have risen and ideas have been created still now on.
+ Industry 4.0
The motto of the 4th industrial revolution is “digitalization”. In the 21st century,
smart factories have emerged, which are highly automated and technologically superior.
+ Artificial Intelligence (2017)
In 2017, Artificial intelligence was created. It is designed to work like humans and
animals and has the ability to understand emotion.

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 + 5G Networks (2019)
In 2019, 5G will provide superfast internet bandwidth, enable users to download
large files from the internet within seconds up to 10 gigabytes/ seconds!. 5G uses utilizes
fifth-generation cellular networking technology.
+ Unmanned Autonomous Vehicle
In the near future, vehicles will be capable of driving autonomously. With the
advancements in autonomous technology and AI, vehicles will be able to make decisions
and assist in driving without breaking any traffic laws and avoiding accidents.
Technology is still developing, bringing many benefits to humans in various fields.

2.3. The importance of technology in the marketing environment

In today's interconnected digital world, the impact of technology on marketing is
profound. This essay explores the influence of technology in three key areas: data-driven
marketing, social media marketing, and customer experience management.

a. Data-Driven Marketing

Data-driven marketing uses data to optimize brand communication and deliver

personalized messages. Technology enables the collection and analysis of customer data
for precise targeting and improved engagement.

b. Social Media Marketing

Social media platforms have transformed business-customer interactions.

Technology facilitates real-time audience reach, interactive content, and immediate
feedback, fostering brand loyalty.

c. Customer Experience Management

Technology enhances customer experience management through digital platforms.

These tools provide seamless experiences across touchpoints, allowing convenient brand
interactions and quick issue resolution.

d. Artificial Intelligence in Marketing

The role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in marketing is also noteworthy. AI can

process large volumes of data, providing insights that can improve marketing strategies.
From predicting customer behavior to automating repetitive tasks, AI is revolutionizing
marketing by making it more efficient and effective.

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2.4. The impact of technological development on marketing
Technological development has had a profound impact on marketing, transforming
the way businesses promote their products and services and how consumers engage with
brands. Here are some key impacts in which technology has influenced marketing:
a. Digital Advertising:
Technology has revolutionized advertising by enabling highly targeted and
personalized campaigns. With tools like social media advertising, search engine
marketing, and programmatic advertising, businesses can reach specific demographics,
interests, and behaviors with precision. This has made advertising more cost-effective
and efficient, allowing businesses to maximize their return on investment.
b. Data-driven Marketing:
The proliferation of technology has generated massive amounts of data, providing
valuable insights into consumer behavior and preferences. Marketers can leverage data
analytics tools to track and measure campaign performance, analyze customer
interactions, and make data-driven decisions. This helps optimize marketing strategies,
improve targeting, and enhance customer experiences.
c. Social Media and Influencer Marketing:
Social media platforms have become integral to marketing efforts. They serve as
channels for brand awareness, customer engagement, and content distribution. In
addition, influencer marketing has gained prominence, leveraging the reach and influence
of individuals with large social media followings to promote products and services. This
form of marketing has proven effective in reaching niche audiences and building brand
advocacy.
d. E-commerce and Mobile Marketing:
Technological advancements have fueled the growth of e-commerce, allowing
businesses to sell products online 24/7. Mobile devices have become the primary means
of accessing the internet for many people, leading to the rise of mobile marketing.
Marketers can now optimize websites for mobile devices, develop mobile apps, and
engage consumers through mobile-specific channels such as SMS marketing and
location-based targeting.

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 e. Content Marketing and Personalization:
Technology has facilitated the creation and distribution of content, enabling
businesses to engage consumers. Content marketing strategies, such as blogs, videos,
podcasts, and infographics, help build brand authority and establish trust. Personalization
has also become more prevalent, with the ability to tailor content and offers based on
individual preferences, browsing history, and purchase behavior.
f. Marketing Automation:
Technology has automated various marketing processes, reducing manual effort
and improving efficiency. Marketing automation software allows businesses to
streamline repetitive tasks, such as email marketing campaigns, lead nurturing, and
customer segmentation. This not only saves time but also enables marketers to deliver
personalized and timely messages to prospects and customers.
g. Virtual and Augmented Reality:
Virtual and augmented reality technologies have opened up new avenues for
immersive marketing experiences. Businesses can create virtual showrooms, product
demonstrations, or interactive experiences that allow consumers to engage with products
and services in a virtual environment. These technologies enhance customer engagement
and offer unique opportunities for storytelling and brand differentiation.
In summary, technological development has revolutionized marketing by providing
advanced targeting capabilities, data-driven insights, new communication channels,
automation, and immersive experiences. Businesses that embrace these technological
advancements can gain a competitive edge, reach their target audiences more effectively,
and deliver personalized experiences that resonate with consumers.

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2.5. Opportunities and Challenges
2.5.1. Opportunities
Firstly, Adoption of chatbots and conversational AI will increase. Chatbox as well
as more sophisticated conversational AI, will continue to make their way into the market
and become increasingly accessible for small businesses. These tools can answer
customers’ basic questions at all hours of the day or night, even if the businessman
focuses on different tasks. The emergence of ChatGPT, for example, shows that the era
of AI-driven marketing is already here. Expect more small businesses to take advantage
of accessible tools that can help generate marketing copy or connect with their customers
around the clock. According to revenue acceleration platform Drift’s State of
Conversational Marketing report, almost 42% of consumers use conversational AI and
chatbots for purchases. The high portion of the consumer who approves of AI is an
optical signal that shows off technology will develop dramatically in the future.
Secondly, Digital marketing is an ever-evolving space. Marketing is ultimately
about people and how your business connects with them. And just like people, marketing
is ever-changing. When developing and launching any digital marketing campaigns, the
managers usually consider both the technology trends and human behaviors that are most
prominent. By crafting a campaign that leverages the latest tools, the companies can be
sure their brands will gain traction with the target audience. The development of
marketing will go hand in hand with the development of technology; therefore,
technology is undeniable in marketing.
Thirdly, Customer service is more personalized and accurate. In today’s times,
most customers expect to be treated with much professionalism. To compete in the
marketplace, the companies must treat their customers with respect and patience. It pays
off very well to be available to them 24/7, and that is really possible through the newest
customer service software that even provides speech robots which will automatically
interact with website visitors. Personalization is the key that helps the company stand out
from the competitors, so the adoption of technology will increase.
2.5.2 Challenges
About the Skill Gap and Training Initiatives
We often find that technological advancements outpace the skills of our
workforce, resulting in a widening skill gap. As industries embrace new technologies
like artificial intelligence, robotics, and automation, there's a growing demand for

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workers with specialized skills in these areas. However, many individuals may lack the
necessary training and expertise to adapt to these changes. To bridge this gap, we must
implement comprehensive training initiatives that equip individuals with the technical
skills and knowledge required to thrive in the digital economy. This entails collaboration
between educational institutions, businesses, and governments to develop training
programs, apprenticeships, and lifelong learning opportunities. By empowering
individuals with the tools they need, we can ensure they succeed in a rapidly evolving
technological landscape.
Privacy concerns and ethical considerations
- About privacy concern:
The proliferation of technology has raised significant concerns about privacy and
data protection. With the widespread collection, storage, and analysis of personal data
through digital platforms, there is a growing risk of privacy breaches, identity theft, and
surveillance. Technologies such as facial recognition, biometrics, and location tracking
have sparked debates about the balance between individual privacy rights and security
concerns. Addressing privacy concerns requires robust regulatory frameworks,
transparency measures, and data protection laws that safeguard individuals' privacy rights
while enabling responsible data use and innovation.
- About ethical considerations:
Technological development often presents ethical dilemmas and moral
implications that must be carefully considered. For example, the rise of artificial
intelligence raises questions about algorithmic bias, discrimination, and accountability.
Autonomous vehicles raise ethical concerns regarding safety, liability, and decision-
making in critical situations. The use of advanced surveillance technologies raises ethical
questions about privacy, civil liberties, and government oversight. Addressing ethical
considerations requires a multidisciplinary approach that involves ethicists,
policymakers, technologists, and stakeholders in developing ethical guidelines, codes of
conduct, and responsible innovation frameworks that promote ethical decision-making
and social responsibility in the design, development, and deployment of technology.

2.6. Suggestions for improving the application of technology on marketing

The landscape of marketing has undergone a radical transformation in recent
years, owing to the rapid advancements in technology. The integration of cutting-edge
tools and innovations has revolutionized the way businesses connect with their target

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audience. In this essay, we will explore the profound impact of technological
development on marketing and analyze key suggestions for optimizing its application.
Data Analytics and AI Integration: The cornerstone of modern marketing lies in
the ability to harness and interpret vast amounts of data. The advent of data analytics and
artificial intelligence (AI) has empowered marketers to glean valuable insights into
consumer behavior, preferences, and trends. By employing sophisticated algorithms,
businesses can tailor their marketing strategies with unprecedented precision, ensuring a
more personalized and effective approach.
Automation in Marketing Processes: Marketing automation has emerged as a
game-changer, liberating marketers from repetitive tasks and allowing them to focus on
strategic and creative endeavors. Automated tools streamline email campaigns, social
media posts, and customer segmentation, leading to increased efficiency and improved
resource utilization.
Personalization and Customer Segmentation: The era of one-size-fits-all
marketing is fading as businesses embrace personalization and customer segmentation.
Through technology-driven insights, marketers can categorize their audience based on
individual preferences, purchase history, and online behavior. This enables the creation of
highly targeted campaigns that resonate with specific consumer segments.
Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR): The integration of AR and
VR technologies has brought a new dimension to marketing. Companies can now offer
immersive and interactive experiences to consumers, allowing them to virtually
experience products before making a purchase. This not only enhances engagement but
also adds an innovative and memorable touch to marketing campaigns.
Chatbots and Conversational Marketing: Real-time engagement is a hallmark of
effective marketing, and chatbots have become invaluable in achieving this. Integrating
chatbots on websites and social media platforms enables businesses to provide instant
support, answer queries, and guide users through the purchasing process. Conversational
marketing fosters a more interactive and responsive customer experience.
Social Media Listening and Engagement: The rise of social media has given
businesses unprecedented access to consumer sentiments. Social media monitoring tools
allow marketers to listen to conversations about their brand and industry, facilitating
timely responses and informed decision-making. Engaging with customers on these
platforms builds a sense of community and trust.

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 Blockchain for Transparency: Blockchain technology has found its application in
marketing, particularly in ensuring transparency throughout the supply chain. By
leveraging blockchain, businesses can provide verifiable information about the origin and
authenticity of products, thereby enhancing consumer trust and brand credibility.
Voice Search Optimization: The prevalence of voice-activated devices has
prompted marketers to optimize their digital content for voice search. Crafting content
that aligns with conversational and natural language enhances visibility in voice searches,
ensuring that businesses stay relevant in the evolving landscape of search engine
optimization.
Influencer Marketing Platforms: The collaboration between brands and
influencers has become more sophisticated with the aid of technology. Influencer
marketing platforms streamline the identification and engagement of influencers,
allowing businesses to align with personalities that resonate with their target audience.
Data-driven insights also facilitate the measurement of the effectiveness of influencer
marketing campaigns.
Augmenting Traditional Advertising with Digital Channels: The synergy between
traditional and digital marketing channels is essential for a comprehensive marketing
strategy. Integrating QR codes on print materials, for example, bridges the gap between
offline and online efforts, providing consumers with a seamless and interconnected
experience.
In conclusion, the impact of technological development on marketing is
undeniable, reshaping the industry and redefining how businesses engage with
consumers. The suggestions outlined above provide a roadmap for optimizing the
application of technology in marketing, ensuring that businesses stay at the forefront of
innovation and deliver compelling and effective campaigns in an ever-evolving digital
landscape. As technology continues to advance, embracing these strategies will be crucial
for businesses striving to remain competitive and relevant in the dynamic world of
marketing.

III. CONCLUSION
In summary, the development of technology has achieved significant impacts on
the marketing environment and marketing also. The enterprises have got better results in
customer experiences, personalization, automation and public relationship. Besides the
opportunities, the technology faces some challenges which concern the skill gap and

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training initiatives, privacy problems as well as ethics considerations. By embracing these
technologies and adapting to the changing landscape, businesses can remain competitive
and effectively reach their target audience in the digital age. The future of marketing is
digital, data-driven, and customer-centric, and those who harness the power of technology
will thrive.

OUTLINE (Commented version by lecturer)

I. Introduction – group – topic
1.1. Definition of technology – đây là mục chính – đưa xuống content - gạch ý chính các
bạn định nói gì trong mục này
1.2. History of technological development – mốc sự kiện nào?/
1.3. The importance of technology in the marketing environment – gạch ý
II. Content
2.1. The impact of technological development on marketing ??? định nói gì ở đây?
2.2. Opportunities and Challenges
2.2.1. Opportunities
- Leveraging data analytics for targeted marketing campaigns
- Automation in marketing processes
- Augmented and virtual reality applications
2.2.2 Challenges
- Skills gap and training dấu dùng ko tương đường – gạch hay không gạch
- Privacy concerns and ethical considerations
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3. Suggestions for improving the application of technology in marketing =>>> định đề
xuất gì thì viết ra
III. Conclusion

OUTLINE (Final version)

I. Introduce
II. Main Content:
2.1. Definition of technology
- According to ESCAP, technology is systematic knowledge about processes and
techniques used to process materials and information.
- Technology includes knowledge and skills, equipment, methods, and systems are used
in creating goods and providing services.
- According to the research documents of Associate Professor Dr. Vu Cao Dam, there are
three concepts of technology:
 Concept 1: "Technology is a strict order of operations for material and
information processing."
 Concept 2: "Technology is a material or information processing device,
including hardware and software."
 Concept 3 (Sharif Model): "Technology is a body (system) of knowledge
about the processing of matter or information about the means and methods
of processing matter and/or information. Technology includes four
elements: Technoware; Inforware; Humanware; Orgaware.
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- From the above definition, it includes four basic components: Technoware; Inforware;
Humanware; Orgaware.
2.2. History of technological development
- Palaeolithic Period (2.3 Million Years Ago)
- Lower Paleolithic Period (1.3 Million Years Ago)
- Neolithic Period (12,000-15,000 Years Ago)
- Copper and Bronze Age ( 6000 BC)
- Iron Age (1200 BC-2000 BC)
- Mesopotamia (800-1800 BC)
- The Roman Empire (25 BC – 390 AD)
- 18th &19th Century: The Era of Modern Technology

+ First Industrial Revolution (1600-1820s)

• The Evolution of Technology in Communication (1831)
• The Invention of The Telephone (1849)
• The Invention of The Automobile (1880)
+ Second Industrial Revolution (1860-1930)
• The Invention of Airplanes (1904)
• The Invention of The Computer (1930)
+ Third Industrial Revolution (1950 - 1970)
• Internet – (1969)
+ Industry 4.0
• Artificial Intelligence (2017)
• 5G Networks (2019)
• Unmanned Autonomous Vehicle
2.3. The importance of technology in the marketing environment
- Data-Driven Marketing: Data-driven marketing uses data to optimize brand
communication and deliver personalized messages.

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- Social Media Marketing: Technology facilitates real-time audience reach, interactive
content, and immediate feedback, fostering brand loyalty.
- Customer Experience Management: Technology enhances customer experience
management through digital platforms.
- Artificial Intelligence in Marketing: The role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in marketing
is also noteworthy. AI can process large volumes of data, providing insights that can
improve marketing strategies.
2.4. The impact of technological development on marketing
- Digital Advertising
- Data-driven Marketing
- Social Media and Influencer Marketing
- E-commerce and Mobile Marketing
- Content Marketing and Personalization
- Marketing Automation
- Virtual and Augmented Reality
2.5. Opportunities and Challenges
2.5.1. Opportunities

- Adoption of chatbots and conversational AI will increase.

- Digital marketing is an ever-evolving space.
- Customer service is more personalized and accurate.
2.5.2. Challenges
- About the Skill Gap and Training Initiatives
- Privacy concerns and ethical considerations:
- About privacy concern
- About ethical considerations
2.6. Suggestions for improving the application of technology in marketing
- Data Analytics and AI Integration
- Automation in Marketing Processes
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- Personalization and Customer Segmentation
- Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR)
- Chatbots and Conversational Marketing
- Social Media Listening and Engagement:
- Blockchain for Transparency
- Voice Search Optimization
- Influencer Marketing Platforms
- Augmenting Traditional Advertising with Digital Channels
III. Conclusion

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