Cardlesss Conditional Access System

User Manual

WellAV Technology Ltd.

V1.0-C

Http://www.wellav.com Email:service@wellav.com
 Table of Content
Chapter 1 Introduction to CAS.......................................................... 1
1.1 Specialized terminologies ...................................................... 1
1.2 Definition and feature of cardless CAS ................................. 2
Chapter 2 System Structure ............................................................... 3
2.1 Logical Structure Diagram..................................................... 3
2.2 Relationship of software modules.......................................... 3
Chapter 3 System Installation............................................................ 5
3.1 System Environment.............................................................. 5
3.2 Network Configuration .......................................................... 6
3.3 Installation and Configuration of Database............................ 6
4.4 Installation of Encryption USB ......................................... 19
4.5 Installation of CAS ............................................................ 19
Chapter 4 CAS Operation................................................................ 20
4.1 Start up the CASManager.exe .............................................. 20
4.2 SMSGW............................................................................... 20
4.3 EMMG................................................................................. 22
4.4 ECMG.................................................................................. 23
4.5 SMS ..................................................................................... 24
4.6 AC Editor ............................................................................. 25
Chapter 5 Troubleshooting .............................................................. 26
5.1 ECMG fails to connect to scrambler.................................... 26
5.2 EMMG fails to connect to scrambler ................................... 26
5.3 STB works without authorization ........................................ 26

Cardless CAS User Manual

 Chapter 1 Introduction to CAS

WellAV CAS is a system for digital television entitlement control and management, it
can make up of integrated paying television system by combining the head-end of
digital television. As an individual program, the CasManager.exe software is the
control center of the network management system. It communicates all CA agent by
using SNMP protocol and configure, monitor and control CA subsystems, it can
manage the whole system centrally and let it run stable and in good performance.

1.1 Specialized terminologies

Conditional Access Subsystem: This system is designed to decrypt the electronic key
and restore the special information used to control the descrambling data.

Control Word (CW): This is the key used to scramble programs directly in
scrambling module.

Encryption: This is a process that the system updates CW continuously to scramble

programs safely. Generally, CW will be encrypted and then sent to STB via special
channel.

Scramble: System disarranges the normal digital signal according to the algorithm
with CW so that the STB which is not authorized can’t unscramble the signal.

Unscramble: The completely opposite process to scrambling, which is executed in

STB to confirm authorized STB can get the normal digital signal.

Entitlement Control Message (ECM): ECM includes program attribute information

for determining whether a subscriber is entitled to view programs on the basis of
his/her subscription. The CW encrypted by service key (SK) is embedded in ECM.

Entitlement Management Message (EMM): EMM includes program subscription

information and the service key (SK) which is used to encrypt CW.

Subscriber Management System (SMS): The main function of SMS is building the
database about subscriber, subscription, serial number of decoder and sending
authorization requirement to subscriber authorization system (SAS).

Subscriber Authorization System (SAS): SAS receives the requirement sent from
SMS and create EMM.

Service: Service refers to the program which includes audio, video and accessorial
data.

Product: According to the sales strategy, you need bind several programs to one
product which is the smallest unit the subscriber subscribes programs.

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Simulcrypt: The head-end equipment encrypts programs via several different CAS
simultaneously with the same scrambling algorithm and CW.

1.2 Definition and feature of cardless CAS

‹ Definition
Referring to the decryption and obtainment of authorization, two popular methods are
adopted by most manufacturers and operators through out the world. One way is that
decryption and obtainment of authorization are completed by smart card and main
chip in STB together; the other way is that this work is finished by smart card only
(e.g. CAM card). Theoretically, the smart card can be embedded in the STB, and then
the CAS matching this kind of STB is called cardless CAS.

‹ Feature
To judge a CAS, the following factors should be taken into consideration:

¾ Security. It means the difficulty of the CAS is cracked. Theoretically, any CAS
will be cracked as long as given time is long enough, so the ‘security’ here is just
a relative concept.
The whole decryption process is running within the chip in cardless CA STB,
which highly improve the difficulty that hacker gets the encryption information.
What’s more, to get the target code, the hacker must search it in the Flash capable
of several mega or about ten mega space, which extends the deciphering period.

¾ Stability. Because it’s no need insert smart card into the STB, the cardless CA
STB will become more stability in decryption. As everyone knows, the physical
contact is not very stable, for example, the card is not inserted to the slot firmly,
which will cause that STB can get the authorization to decrypt programs. While
this issue disappears in cardless CA STB.

¾ Economy. The cardless CA STB will save the cost of production as it doesn’t
contain smart card and slot. It’s a great advantage for the operator to extend the
quantity of subscriber.

¾ Technical maturity. Comparing to the CAS with smart card, the technique of
cardless CAS is not very mature enough. However, it’s enough for the basic
digital TV operation. What’s more, it’s becoming stronger and more mature.

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 Chapter 2 System Structure

2.1 Logical Structure Diagram

The communication among these parts within this diagram relies on the following
interfaces: service information management interface, subscriber management system
interface, multiplexer interface and cardless conditional access interface.

2.2 Relationship of software modules

The complete software consists of Subscriber Management Subsystem (SMS),

Conditional Access Subsystem (CAS) in head-end and Conditional Access Subsystem
in STB (Set-Top-Box). SMS includes SMS controlling subsystem, administrator
subsystem and Database system. CAS in head-end includes EMM Generator
(EMMG), ECM Generator (ECMG) and SMS Gate Way (SMSGW). These
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subsystems cooperate with each other to realize all the function. The main function of
each program is as following:

2.2.1 CASManager
This is the management software of CAS head-end which is used to monitor and
manage SMS/SMSGW/ECMG/EMMG modules.

2.2.2 SMSGW
It is the gateway managing the communication between CAS and SMS.

2.2.3 ECMG
It is entitlement control message generator which is used to send the entitlement
control message.

2.2.4 EMMG
It is entitlement management message generator which is used to send the entitlement
management message.

2.2.5 SmsPanel
It is the operation interface of subscriber management system where you can register
STB and subscriber, authorize program package, send B-Mail/OSD and etc.

2.2.6 STBCreator
It is a program creating the initial file of STB. it can read the UnicID of STB after
connecting STB to PC with RS232 serial interface cable.

2.2.7 ACEditor
It is a program creating the AC file which will be used in scrambling services.

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 Chapter 3 System Installation

3.1 System Environment

3.1.1 Hardware environment

Equipment
Configuration Quantity Remark
name
You can run all the
CPU：Intel Pentium® 4
programs just in one serve,
Memory：1GB
CAS Server ≧ 1 or in several pieces of
Network card：100Mbps
server within the same LAN
Hard disk: above 20G
which is recommended.

3.1.2 Software environment

Software
Version Quantity Remark
name
To connect SMS、ECMG、EMMG

SMSPanel、SMS、 to SMSGW (gateway), you need

configure the IP address and port
SMSGW、ECMG、
CA 1 of these modules.
EMMG、
To connect SMSPanel to SMS,
CasManager
you need configure the IP address
and port.
CAS and SMS should run based
Database SQL Server 2005 1
on the database.
Microsoft Windows Install the operating system in
Operating system ≧ 1
XP Professional each testing PC.

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3.2 Network Configuration

¾ Build the local area network (LAN);

¾ Connect the server (CAS/SMS) and multiplexer/scrambler to the LAN;
¾ The IP address of the server (CAS/SMS) and scrambler should be within the same
IP section, for example 192.168.1.x (‘x’ can be any digit).

3.3 Installation and Configuration of Database

3.3.1 Installation

The CAS is based on the SQL 2005 Database, so you should install it before the
installation of CAS.

1. Insert the disk into the CD-ROM drive and right click the disk icon. Select
‘Run…’, you’ll see the Fig 3-1 and then enter the installation interface as Fig 3-2 :

Fig 3-1
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Cardless CAS User Manual
 Fig 3-2

2. Click ‘Server component, tools, Books Online, and samples’ under ‘Install’, you’ll
enter the Fig 3-3. Check ‘I accept the licensing terms and condition’ and click
‘Next’, it’ll automatically check if the system configuration of your server meets
the requirement of the installation (Fig 3-4).

Fig 3-3
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Cardless CAS User Manual
 Fig 3-4

3. After the checking, you’ll see the following figure. Click ‘Next’ to continue it; it’ll
check the system for potential installation problems as Fig 3-6.

Fig 3-5
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Cardless CAS User Manual
 Fig 3-6 (Note: you can ‘IIS Feature Requirement’ warning here.)

4. After the checking, click ‘Next’ to enter the interface as Fig 3-7 and input the
name and company, then click ‘Next’ to continue.

Fig 3-7
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Cardless CAS User Manual
5. Select the components to install, if you know little about it, please make selection
as the Fig 3-8, and then click ‘Next’ to continue.

Fig 3-8

6. Select ‘Named instance’ and input the name you desire and then click ‘Next’ to
continue.

Fig 3-9
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Cardless CAS User Manual
7. Select ‘Use the built-in System account’ and click ‘Next’ to continue.

Fig 3-10

8. Select ‘Mixed Mode’ and input the logon password of database, and click ‘Next’
to continue.

Fig 3-11
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9. Keep the default setting and click ‘Next’ to continue.

Fig 3-12

10. Keep the default setting and click ‘Next’ to continue.

Fig 3-13
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11. Click ‘Install’ to begin the installation, then you’ll see the figure 3-15.

Fig 3-14

Fig 3-15

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12. After the installation, you’ll see the following figure. Click ‘Next’ to continue.

Fig 3-16

13. Click ‘Finish’ to complete the whole installation.

Fig 3-17
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3.3.1 Configuration

To run the database normally, you need configure it as the following steps.

1. Click ‘Start- Programs-Microsoft SQL Server 2005-SQL Server Management

Studio’ as Fig 3-18.

Fig 3-19

2. Select the ‘Server name’ (the instance name in Fig 3-9), ‘Authentication’ (SQL
Server Authentication) and ‘Login’ (Sa), then input ‘Password’ (the password in
Fig 3-11), then click ‘Connect’ to enter the database.

Fig 3-20

If the default server name is not the instance name in Fig 3-9, you need select the right
name. Click ‘Browse for more…’ as Fig 3-21 and find the instance in database as Fig
3-22.

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 Fig 3-21

Fig 3-22

3. Right click ‘Database’ and select ‘New Database…’ as Fig 3-23. Input ‘SMS’ in
‘Database name’ and keep other parameters in default, then click ‘OK’ to create
the SMS database (Fig 3-24)

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 Fig 3-23

Fig 3-24
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4. Open ‘WELLAV_CAS_Vx.x.x_I\sql’ and double click ‘BaseTableCreate.sql’,
you’ll see Fig 3-25. Input the password and click ‘Connect’ to enter the database
as Fig 3-26.

Fig 3-25

Fig 3-26
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Cardless CAS User Manual
Click ‘Execute’ to import this table to the database. Repeat the same steps to import
‘BasicDataCreate.sql’ and ‘BasicLogInfo.sql’.

4.4 Installation of Encryption USB

Before the operation of the cardless CAS, you need insert the encryption USB into the
CAS server, and it’s not necessary to install the driver.

4.5 Installation of CAS

It is not necessary to install the CAS files. You can run it directly without installation
after decompressing the compressed file to your server.

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 Chapter 4 CAS Operation

4.1 Start up the CASManager.exe

Open ‘WELLAV_CAS_Vx.x.x_I\HeadEnd’ and double click CasManager.exe, you’ll

enter the interface as Fig 4-1, input username (CAS) and password (123456) and click
‘OK’ to enter the parameter setting interface.

Fig 4-1

There’re four items listed in the left part, including SMSGW, EMMG, ECMG and
SMS. After clicking ‘OK’, it’ll display SMSGW interface automatically.

4.2 SMSGW

It’s not necessary to reconfigure the parameters. Just keep them in default and click
‘Start’, then the SMSGW icon will appear at the right and bottom edge of the
window.

IP Address is 127.0.0.1; Port is 8000.

After staring EMMG, ECMG and SMS, it’ll display as Fig 4-3, which means the three

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modules are connected to the SMSGW successfully.

Fig 4-2

Fig 4-3

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4.3 EMMG

4.3.1 Parameter Setting

Click ‘EMMG’ icon listed in the left part to enter the configuration interface. Click
‘Start’ to run EMMG, and then configure the parameters. After the configuration, click
‘Add’ to add the information of scrambler. Meanwhile, the information will be listed
in EMMG list on the bottom part.

Fig 4-4

‹ IP Address and Port under ‘SMSGW’ here should be the same to the settings in
‘SMSGW’.
‹ Feed Circle: this parameter will be available only when a STB is appointed to the
son of the other STB (father STB). It means the period that the son STB can
watch programs. When the period is over, the son STB will ask the authentication
from father STB.
‹ MUXIP: the IP address of scrambler.
‹ MUXPort: the port should be accordant with EMMG Port in scrambler.
‹ ClientId: the cardless CAS ID is 14620000 (HEX)
‹ Bandwidth: it should be more than 100Kbps, 200Kbps is recommended.
‹ ChannelId/StreamId/DataId: when more than one scrambler need connect to the
CAS, you need set different ID for each scrambler. However, the three ID can be
the same for one scrambler. For example, you can set the three ID as 1 for
scrambler 1; set them as 2 for scrambler 2, and so on.
‹ EmmPid: you can set it according to the PID which the program provider sends
you. Make sure this PID is the same to EMM PID in scrambler.

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4.3.2 Function Explanation
‹ EMMG Status: when the scrambler is connected to the CAS successfully, the
information of scrambler will be displayed in EMMG list; otherwise, it won’t be
displayed.
‹ Start/Stop: open or close the EMMG module.
‹ Add: add the EMMG information (settings in MUX) to the EMMG list.
‹ Del: delete the selected EMMG information.
‹ Refresh: update the EMMG list.
‹ Save: save all the EMMG information you set.
‹ Load: if the EMMG information is lost, it’ll help you get the last configuration.

4.4 ECMG

4.4.1 Parameter Setting

Click ‘ECMG’ icon listed in the left part to enter the configuration interface. After the
configuration, click ‘Start’ to run ECMG.

Fig 4-5

‹ IP Address and Port under ‘SMSGW’ here should be the same to the settings in
‘SMSGW’.
‹ IP Address under ‘EcmgScs’ is the same to the server IP.
‹ Port under ‘EcmgScs’ should be accordant with ECMG Port in scrambler.

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4.4.2 Function Explanation
‹ ECMG Status: when the programs in scrambler are scrambled successfully, the
information of the ECMG will be displayed in ECMG list; otherwise, it won’t be
displayed.
‹ Start/Stop: open or close the ECMG module.
‹ Save: save all the ECMG information you set.
‹ Refresh: update the ECMG list.

4.5 SMS

Click ‘SMS’ icon listed in the left part to enter the configuration interface. After the
configuration, click ‘Save’ to save settings and then click ‘Start’ to run SMS.

Fig 4-6

‹ IP Address and Port under ‘SMSGW’ here should be the same to the settings in
‘SMSGW’.
‹ IP Address under ‘SMS Svr’ is the same to the server IP.
‹ Port under ‘SMS Svr’ is used to communicate with database; you can keep the
default value 5500.
‹ DB Source: the address that database is installed in.
‹ DB Name: database name in Fig 3-24.
‹ User Id: Sa.
‹ Password: the password you set in Fig 3-11.

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Note: regarding the operation of SmsPanel.exe, please refer to the SMS user
manual.

4.6 AC Editor

Open ‘WELLAV_CAS_Vx.x.x_I\HeadEnd’ and double click ‘ACEditor.exe’, you’ll

enter the interface as Fig 4-7. This program is used to create the Access Condition
data (AC data) which will be used to scramble the program in scrambler.

Fig 4-7

Input the Network ID, TS ID, Program ID (the three ID should be set in SmsPanel in
advance) and ECM PID, and then click ‘AC generator’ to create the AC data. Select
the path you want to save the AC data by clicking ‘Change’.

At last, click ‘Save’ to save it, or click ‘Quit’ to exit the interface.

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 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting

5.1 ECMG fails to connect to scrambler

1) Make sure the connection between CAS and scrambler is available.

2) Check if the following parameters in scrambler are accordant with CAS:
‹ CA System ID should be the same to ClientId in EMMG of CASManager;
‹ The IP address and port of ECMG in scrambler should be the same to ECMG in
CASManager;
‹ Check if the scrambler IP address is right when creating the ECM channels;
‹ Make sure the programs in scrambler are scrambled; otherwise the connection
won’t be available.

5.2 EMMG fails to connect to scrambler

1) Make sure the connection between CAS and scrambler is available.

2) Check if the following parameters in scrambler are accordant with CAS:
‹ Check if the ClientId is right;
‹ Check if the TCP port and PID (HEX) is right;
‹ Check if the Channel ID, Stream ID and Data ID in scrambler are accordant with
EMMG, if they conflict with each other.

5.3 STB works without authorization

1) ECMG fails to start up. Log on CasManager and start ECMG;

2) ECMG works normally. Check the channel connection between ECMG and CAS.

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