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ZAHA HADID

“Queen of the Curve”


Pritzker Prize 2004
Known as an architect who consistently “THERE ARE 360 DEGREES, SO WHY
pushes the boundaries of architecture and
urban design, her work experiments with STICK TO ONE?”
new spatial concepts intensifying existing
urban landscapes and encompassing all
fields of design, from the urban scale to “I HAVE ALWAYS APPRECIATED THOSE WHO
interiors and furniture.

MOVEMENT AND STYLES:


DARE TO EXPERIMENT WITH MATERIALS
DECONSTRUCTIVISM & PARAMETRICISM AND PROPORTIONS.”
LE CORBUSIER
CHARLES-ÉDOUARD JEANNERET
“ARCHITECTURE OR REVOLUTION”
Who is famous for being one of the pioneers of
what now is called Modern architecture or the
International Style. He was a pioneer in studies
of modern high design and was dedicated to
“A HOUSE IS A MACHINE FOR LIVING IN.”
providing better living conditions for the
residents of crowded cities. “ARCHITECTURE IS THE MASTERLY, CORRECT AND
MOVEMENT AND STYLES:
MAGNIFICIENT PLAY OF MASSES BROUGHT TOGETHER
INTERNATIONAL STYLE, PURISM, BRUTALISM IN LIGHT. OUR EYES ARE MADE TO SEE FORMS IN THE
LIGHT: LIGHT AND SHADE REVEAL THESE FORMS.”
I.M. PEI
IEOH MING PEI
Pritzker Prize 1983
Was one of the most renowned architects of the
20th and early 21st centuries, known for signature
projects such as the Louvre Pyramid and the
“ A LASTING ARCHITECTURE HAS TO HAVE ROOTS.”
National Gallery of Art's East Wing.

He went on to create dramatic buildings known for their “ARCHITECTURE IS THE VERY MIRROR OF LIFE. YOU ONLY
angular geometry, expansive glass and concrete walls,
spacious indoor atriums, and space-frame skylights. HAVE TO CAST YOUR EYES ON BUILDINGS TO FEEL THE
He has given this century some of it’s most beautiful interior
spaces and exterior forms. PRESENCE OF THE PAST, THE SPIRIT OF A PLACE; THEY
His signature can be compared to the music of ARE THE REFLECTION OF SOCIETY.”
Bach Constant variation of a simple theme.
THE GLASS HOUSE TC ENERGY CENTER CRYSTAL CATHEDRAL
1949 I NEW CANAAN, CONNECTICUT 1983 I HOUSTON, TEXAS 1980 I CALIFORNIA

AT&T BUILDING LIPSTICK BUILDING


1984 I NEW YORK, NEW YORK 1986 I MANHATTAN, NEW YORK

PHILIP JOHNSON
Pritzker Prize 1979
The Pritzker Architecture Prize was established in 1979 for
MUNSON MUSEUM OF ART
1960 I ULTICA, NEW YORK

the purpose of encouraging greater awareness of the way CHAPEL OF ST. BASIL
people perceive and interact with their surroundings.
The first award is being given to Philip Johnson, whose “ARCHITECTURE IS THE ART OF HOW TO WASTE SPACE.” 1992 I HOUSTON, TEXAS

work demonstrates a combination of the qualities of


talent, vision and commitment that has produced
consistent and significant contributions to humanity and
the environment.
“ARCHITECTURE IS ART, NOTHING ELSE.”
MOVEMENT AND STYLES:
MODERNISM & POST-MODERNISM
SAGRADA FAMILIA CASA MILA EPISCOPAL PALACE
1882 I BARCELONA, SPAIN 1906-1910 I BARCELONA, SPAIN 1913 I ASTORGA (LEON), SPAIN

EL CAPRICHO CASA JOSEP BATTLO CASA BOTINES


1883-1885 I CANTABRIA, SPAIN 1904-1906 I BARCELONA, SPAIN 1891-1892 I LEON, SPAIN

ANTONI GAUDI
Nicknamed “God’s Architect” “THE STRAIGHT LINE BELONGS TO MEN, THE CURVED
he is a Catalan architect in which his works are
associated with Modernism, and Gaudi can be ONE TO GOD.”
regarded as the most representative and

“THERE ARE NO STRAIGHT LINE OR SHARP CORNERS IN


outstanding of the Modernista architects.
Gaudi’s buildings are characterized by their
innovative designs and use of organic forms.
His Architectural Style was ahead NATURE. THEREFORE, BUILDINGS MUST HAVE NO
STRAIGHT LINES OR SHARP CORNERS.”
WAINWRIGHT BLDG. AUDITORIUM BLDG NATIONAL FARMER’S BANK
1891 I ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI 1889 I CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 1908I OWATONNA, MINNESOTA

HOLY TRINITY ORTHODOX VAN ALLEN BLDG.


CATHEDRAL 1913 I CLINTON, IOWA
1903 I CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

HAROLD C. BRADLEY
HOUSE

LOUIS SULLIVAN
1909 I MADISON, WISCONSIN

“The Father of Skyscrapers”


The First modern American Architect

“FORM, FOLLOWS, FUNCTION.”


He rejected classical elements and pioneered the use of
steel-frame construction, which allowed for the
construction of tall buildings with large windows and
open floor plans, and to focus on organic ornamentation.
SULLIVANESQUE STYLE: Sullivans approach was to use
ornament and design to delineate a tall building into
three distinct parts, - Entry, Mid and Top - and Porthole
windows at cornice level.
FALLINGWATER THE GUGGENHEIM TALIESIN WEST
1939 I SPRINGFIELD TOWNSHIP, 1959 I MANHATTAN, NEW YORK 1943 I SCOTTSDALE, ARIZONA
PENNSYLVANIA

PRICE TOWER WINSLOW HOUSE BETH SHOLOM


1956 I BARTLESVILLE, OKLAHOMA 1893 I ILLINOIS CONGREGATION
1959 I PENNSYLVANIA

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT


“The Greatest American Architect of all time”

“ I believe in God, only I spell it Nature.” “EVERY GREAT ARCHITECT IS - NECESSARILY - A GREAT
Regarding in Organic Architecture POET. HE MUST BE A GREAT ORIGINAL INTERPRETER OF
Over a 70-year career, he designed over 1,000 structures
of virtually every possible type - including a doghouse -
HIS TIME, HIS DAY, HIS AGE.”
of which some 532 were built.
“A BUILDING IS ALIVE, LIKE MAN, AND IT’S SPIRIT IS
MOVEMENT AND STYLES:
ART DECO, ORGANIC & MODERN ARCHITECTURE THE SPIRIT OF IT’S MAKER.”
FINLANDIA HALL AALTO THEATER PAIMIO SANATORIUM
1971 I HELSINKI, FINLAND 1988 I ESSEN, GERMANY 1932 I PAIMIO, FINLAND

KUNSTEN MUSEUM CHURCH OF THE


1972 I AALBORG, DENMARK THREE CROSSES
MAISON LOUIS CARRE 1958 I IMATRA, FINLAND
1959 I FRANCE

HUGO ALVAR HENRIK AALTO


“Father of Modernism”
One of Finland’s most celebrated Architect.
“ARCHITECTURE BELONGS TO CULTURE NOT TO CIVILIZATION.”
He was part of the Modern Movement of
Architecture, but he developed his own style,
notable use of wood elements inspired by the
Finnish forests and evoking a pre-industrial spirit
“ARCHITECTURE CANNOT SAVE THE WORLD, BUT IT MAY
and sense of freedom.
SERVE AS A GOOD EXAMPLE.”
MOVEMENT AND STYLES:
FROM CLASSISM TO FUNCTIONALISM TO
MONUMENTALISM
BAUHAUS FAGUS FACTORY TOWER EAST
1913-1933 I GERMANY 1911-1925 I LOWER SAXONY, GERMANY 1969 I SHAKER HEIGHT, OHIO

BAUHAUS ARCHIVE WALTER GROPIUS HAUS HAUS AM HORN


1960 I BERLIN, GERMANY 1957 I BERLIN, GERMANY 1923 I WEIMAR, GERMANY

WALTER GROPIUS
WALTER ADOLPH GEORG GROPIUS

“ARCHITECTURE BEGINS WHERE ENGINEERING ENDS.”


Walter Gropius is one of the pioneers of modern
architecture, he was the founder of the Bauhaus, a
revolutionary art school in Germany. Bauhaus in
German literally means “Construction House”.

“WE WANT TO CREATE THE PURELY ORGANIC BUILDING,


BOLDLY EMANATING IT’S INNER LAWS, FREE OF UNTRUTHS OR
MOVEMENT AND STYLES:
BAUHAUS, THE INTERNATIONAL STYLE, ORNAMENTATION.”
FUNCTIONALISM
S. R. CROWN HALL FARNSWORTH HOUSE NEUE NATIONALGALERIE
1956 I ILLINOIS 1951 I PLANO, ILLINOIS 1968 I BERLIN GERMANY

SEAGRAM BLDG. CAROLINE WEISS LAW BLDG THE PAVILION


1958 I MANHATTAN, NEW YORK 1974 I HOUSTON, TEXAS 1958 I DETROIT, MICHIGAN

LUDWIG VAN MIES DER ROHE


MARIA LUDWIG MICHAEL MIES

Mies considered the building to be the embodiment


of his famous statement, “less is more.”
“GOD IS IN THE DETAILS.”
“LESS IS MORE.”
Mies first called his designs for steel and glass
skyscrapers and horizontally oriented houses and
pavilions “skin-and-bones” Architecture due to their
minimal uses of industrial materials, definition of
space, along with the rigidity of structure and their
transparency. “ARCHITECTURE IS THE WILL OF AN EPOCH
MOVEMENT AND STYLES:
MINIMALISM, INTERNATIONAL STYLE,
CHICAGO SCHOOL II
TRANSLATED INTO SPACE.”
YOYOGI NATIONAL HIROSHIMA PEACE MEMORIAL MUSEUM
1955 I HIROSHIMA, JAPAN
GYMNASIUM
1964 I SHIBUYA, TOKYO, JAPAN

KAGAWA PREFECTURAL SUPREME COURT OF PAKISTAN ST. MARY’S CATHEDRAL


1956 I PAKISTAN 1964 I TOKYO, JAPAN
GOVERNMENT HALL
1958 I KAGAWA, JAPAN

KENZO TANGE
Pritzker Prize 1987
One of Japan’s most honored architects. Teacher, “ARCHITECTURE MUST HAVE SOMETHING THAT
APPEALS TO THE HUMAN HEART, BUT EVEN THEN,
Writer, Architect and Urban Planner.
He heavily influenced four young architects who
founded Metabolism Movement - Kiyonori Kikutake,
Kisho Kurokawa, Fumihiko Maki and critic Noboru
Kawazoe. BASIC FORMS, SPACES AND APPEARANCES MUST BE
MOVEMENT AND STYLES:
COMBINING TRADITIONAL JAPANESE STYLES
LOGICAL...”
WITH MODERNISM, BRUTALISM
KAUFMANN DESERT PERKINS HOUSE HAMMERMAN HOUSE
1955 I PASADENA, CALIFORNIA 1954 I LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA
HOUSE
1946 I PALM SPRINGS, CALIFORNIA

TOWER OF HOPE - L.A. COUNTY HALL OF CYCLORAMA BUILDING


CHRIST CATHEDRAL RECORDS 1962 I GETTYSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA
1962 I LOS ANGELES
1968 I CALIFORNIA

RICHARD NEUTRA
RICHARD JOSEPH NEUTRA

known for his role in introducing the International “I TRY TO MAKE A HOUSE LIKE A FLOWER POT, IN WHICH YOU
Style into American Architecture.
CAN ROOT SOMETHING AND OUT OF WHICH FAMILY LIFE WILL
MOVEMENT AND STYLES:
BLOOM.”
MODERNISM, INTERNATIONAL STYLE AND
BIOREALISM - “INSEPARABLE RELATIONSHIP
“ARCHITECTS MUST HAVE A RAZOR-SHARP SENSE OF
BETWEEN MAN AND NATURE.”
INDIVIDUALITY.”
CATHEDRAL OF NATIONAL CONGRESS PALACE
1960 I BRAZIL
BRASILIA
1970 I BRASILIA, BRAZIL

PALACIO DO PLANALTO NITEROI CONTEMPORARY ART CHURCH OF ST. FRANCIS


1960 I BRASILIA, BRAZIL MUSEUM OF ASSISI
1996 I RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL 1943 I BRAZIL

OSCAR NIEMEYER
OSCAR RIBEIRO DE ALMEIDA NIEMEYER SOARES FILHO
Pritzker Prize 1988 “WHEN A FORM CREATES BEAUTY, IT BECOMES OSCAR NIEMEYER
INTERNATIONAL
“The King of Curves”
FUNCTIONAL AND THEREFORE FUNDAMENTAL CULTURAL CENTRE

IN ARCHITECTURE.”
He was one of the greatest architect’s in Brazil’s 2011 I ASTURIAS, SPAIN
history, and one of the greats of the global modernist
movement.
He is known for using White concrete, graceful curves
and primary - color accents.
“IN ARCHITECTURE, THE MOST IMPORTANT
THING IS ASTONISHMENT.”
KIMBELL ART JATIYO SANGSAD FIRST UNITARIAN CHURCH
1962 I RONCHESTER, NEW YORK
MUSEUM BHABAN
1972 I TEXAS 1982 I BANGLADESH

FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT SALK INSITITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES


FOUR FREEDOM PARKS 1965 I SAN DIEGO, CALFORNIA
2012 I NEW YORK

LOUIS KAHN
LOUIS ISADORE KAHN
Kahn created a style that was monumental and
monolithic; his heavy buildings for the most part do
“EVEN A BRICK WANTS TO BE SOMETHING.”
not hide their weight, their materials, or the way
they are assembled.
“AN ARCHITECT CAN BUILD A HOUSE AND BUILD A CITY IN THE
MOVEMENT AND STYLES:
INTERNATIONAL STYLE AND CLASSICAL- SAME BREATH, IF HE THINKS ABOUT IT AS BEING A MARVELOUS,
MODERNISM: IS KNOWN FOR COMBINING
MODERNISM WITH THE WEIGHT AND DIGNITY
OF ANCIENT MONUMENTS.
INSPIRED, EXPRESSIVE REALM.”
GATEWAY ARCH DULLES KLEINHANS MUSIC HALL
1940 I BUFFALO, NEW YORK
1965 I ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI
INTERNATIONAL
AIRPORT
1962 I DULLES, VIRGINIA

NORTH CHRISTIAN CHURCH TWA FLIGHT CENTER


1964 I COLUMBUS, INDIANA 1962 I NEW YORK CITY, NEW YORK

EERO SAARINEN
“FUNCTION INFLUENCE BUT DOES NOT DICTATE FORM.”
He is often called a “Second-generation Modernist” for
the way he moved beyond the rigid glass-box
aesthetic.
He is known for his dynamic and fluid forms.
He enjoyed the concept of exposing the structure of
the building with steel.
“THE PURPOSE OF ARCHITECTURE IS TO SHELTER AND ENHANCE
MAN’S LIFE ON EARTH AND TO FULFILL IN THE NOBILITY OF HIS
MOVEMENT AND STYLES:
INTERNATIONAL STYLE AND NEO-FUTURISTIC
EXISTENCE.”
TUWAIQ PALACE GEODESIC HOUSE
1985 I RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA 1971 I ILLINOIS

GERMAN PAVILION DYMAXION HOUSE


1933
EXPO ‘67
1967 I MONTREAL, CANADA

FREI OTTO
FREI PAUL OTTO
BUCKMINSTER FULLER
RICHARD BUCKMINSTER FULLER
Pritzker Prize 2015

Was an American architect, systems


“TO BUILD MEANS TO MAKE THE MUNICH OLYMPIASTADION theorist, writer, designer, inventor, MONTREAL BIOSPHERE
ARCHITECTURE REAL ON THE 1972 I MUNCHEN, GERMANY philosopher, and futurist. 1967 I MONTREAL, CANADA

BORDERS OF KNOWLEDGE.”
Frei Otto pioneered the use of “WE CALLED TO BE ARCHITECTS OF
modern, lightweight, tent-like
structures for many uses. He was
THE FUTURE, NOT IT’S VICTIM.”
attracted to them partly for their
economical and ecological values.
THE HEARST TOWER APPLE PARK HEADQUARTER
2006 I MANHATANN, NEW YORK
2017 I CUPERTINO, CALIFORNIA

HSBC BUILDING CITY HALL LONDON THE BOW


1985 I HONG KONG 2000 I LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM 2012 I ALBERTA, CANADA

SIR NORMAN FOSTER


NORMAN ROBERT FOSTER
Pritzker Prize 1999
“The Hero of High-Tech”
“ARCHITECTURE IS AN EXPRESSION OF VALUES.”
Foster revolutionized skyscraper design by using
steel tube frames and exposing structural, technical
and functional components.
“AS AN ARCHITECT, YOU DESIGN FOR THE PRESENT, WITH AN
He is known for sleek, modern designs of steel and
glass with innovations in contouring and inner
AWARENESS OF THE PAST, FOR A FUTURE WHICH IS ESSENTIALLY
space management.
UNKNOWN.”
THE SHARD LLOYD’S BUILDING
2012 I LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM 1986 I LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM

JEAN-MARIE TJIBAOU
CULTURAL CENTRE
1998 I NOUMEA, NEW CALEDONIA

RENZO PIANO
Pritzker Prize 1998
RICHARD ROGERS
RICHARD GEORGE ROGERS
Pritzker Prize 2007
Lightness and transparency are the most
important qualities in his work, and these Placing the building’s services in full view
qualities often extend to the structural ASTRUP FEARNLEY MUSEUM OF in a trademark Rogers technique that CENTRE POMPIDOU
language, Today, he is considered as the MODERN ART went on to be known as “bowellism.” 1977 I PARIS, FRANCE
most creative museum designer. 2012 I OSLO, NORWAY

“ARCHITECTURE IS ART, BUT ART VASTLY


CONTAMINATED BY MAY OTHER THINGS.
ARCHITECTURE IS “A PLACE FOR
CONTAMINATED IN THE BEST SENSE OF THE ALL PEOPLE”
WORDFED, FERTILIZED BY MANY THINGS..” “ALL GOOD ARCHITECTURE IS
MOVEMENT AND STYLES:
MODERN IN IT’S TIME.”
BOLD-POSTMODERNISM AND HIGH
TECH
THE MET BREUER OR CHURCH OF THE LIGHT
1989 I OSAKA, JAPAN
BREUER BLDG
1966 I MANHATTAN, NEW YORK

IBM LABORATORY SUNTORY MUSEUM OF ART


1962 I FRANCE 1961 I TOKYO, JAPAN

MARCEL BREUER
MARCEL LAJOS BREUER
TADAO ANDO
Pritzker Prize 1995
Ando was raised in Japan where the religion
Was a Hungarian-German modernist
and style of life strongly influenced his
architect and furniture designer. At the CHURCH AT ST. JOHN’S ABBEY architecture and design. Ando's architectural
Bauhaus he designed the Wassily Chair and 1961 I MINNESOTA, UNITED STATES style is said to create a "haiku" effect, PULITZER ARTS
the Cesca Chair, which The New York Times emphasizing nothingness and empty space to FOUNDATION
have called some of the most important represent the beauty of simplicity. 2001 I ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI
chairs of the 20th century.

“MODERN ARCHITECTUREIS NOT A STYLE, “I DON’T BELIEVE ARCHITECTURE HAS


IT’S AN ATTITUDE.” TO SPEAK TOO MUCH. IT SHOULD
“I AM AS MUCH INTERESTED IN THE REMAIN SILENT AND LET NATURE IN
SMALLEST DETAIL AS IN THE WHOLE THE GUISE OF SUNLIGHT AND WIND.”
STRUCTURE.”
FIRE STATION NUMER 4
1968 I COLUMBUS, INDIANA

VANNA ALLEN MEMORIAL


VENTURI ART MUSEUM
1977 I OBERLIN, OHIO
HOUSE
1964 I PHILADELPHIA,
PENNSYLVANIA

ROBERT VENTURI
ROBERT CHARLESVENTURI JR DENISE SCOTT BROWN
Pritzker Prize 1991
Self titled “The Grandmother of Architecture”
The author of much acclaimed book
“Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture.”
CHILD’S MUSEUM SAINSBURY WING Scott Brown published her famous essay, "Room at the
Top? Sexism and the Star System in Architecture". The
“We were calling for an architecture that 1980 I HOUSTON, TEXAS 1991 I LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM essay describes her struggle to be recognized as an
promotes richness and ambiguity over unity equal partner of the firm, in an architecture world that
and clarity, contradiction and redundancy was predominantly male. She has since been an
over harmony and simplicity. He was advocate for Women in Architecture and has spoken
challenging Modernism with the multiple out about discrimination within the profession on
solutions available from history.” several accounts.
He also led the development of Post-

“LESS IS A BORE.”
modernism movement in architecture during
1970's.

MOVEMENT AND STYLES:


POST-MODERNISM
“MORE IS MORE.”
CITY OF CULTURE OF ROYAL ONTARIO MUSEUM
2005 I TORONTO, CANADA
GALICIA
2011 I SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA,
SPAIN

WEXNER CENTER FREDERIC C. HAMMILTON


FOR THE ARTS BLDG
1989 I COLUMBOS, OHIO 2006 I DENVER, COLORADO

PETER EISENMAN
PETER DAVID EISENMAN DANIEL LIBESKIND
Eisenman has always been more interested
in buildings that focus on ideas rather than Is known for introducing complex ideas and
emotion or even function. He is known for his
emotions into his designs and considered as
high modernist and deconstructive designs,
as well as for his authorship of several RESIDENZE CARLO ERBA one of the famous deconstructivism architect.
architectural books. 2019 I MILANO, ITALY
JEWISH MUSEUM
He is one of the key proponents of the 2001 I BERLIN, GERMANYI
deconstructivism architecture movement
that emerged in the early 1980's. His works
centers around process of removing any
traditional sense of lofic or symbolism and “ARCHITECTURE IS NOT BASED ON
instead applying
interpretations.
new rules and
CONCRETE AND STEEL AND THE
“THE BEST ARCHITECTURE WAS
ELEMENTS OF THE SOIL. IT’S BASED
INCONGRUOUS AND DISHARMONIOUS.” ON WONDER.”
WALT DISNEY THE GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM BILBAO
CONCERT HALL 1997 I BILBAO, SPAIN
2003 I LOS ANGELES,
CALIFORNIA

DANCING HOUSE 8 SPRUCE STREET LOUIS VUITTON


1996 I PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC 2010 I MANHATTAN, NEW YORK
FOUNDATION
2014 I PARIS, FRANCE

FRANK GEHRY
FRANK OWEN GEHRY
Pritzker Prize 1989
Arguably the most important architect of the RICHARD B. FISHER CENTER
cintemporary era and certainly the famous living architect.
FOR THE PERFORMING ARTS

“ARCHITECTURE SHOULD SPEAK OF IT’S


-All Gehry’s design are united by their sense of movement, 2003 I NEW YORK
he embeds motion directly into his architecture.

TIME AND PLACE, BUT YEARN FOR


-His original, sculptural, often audacious work won him
worldwide renown.
-He primarily use corrugated metals which give his look an
unfinished appearance.
TIMELESSNESS.”
MOVEMENT AND STYLES:
POST-MODERNISM & DECONSTRUCTIVISM
CCTV QATAR NATIONAL LIBRARY
HEADQUARTERS 2012 I AR RAYYAN, QATAR
2012 I BEIJING, CHINA

SEATTLE CENTRAL CASA DA MUSICA IIT McCORMICK TRIBUNE


LIBRARY 2005 I PORTUGAL CAMPUS CENTER
2003 I CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
2004 I SEATTLE, WASHINGTON

REM KOOLHAAS
REMMENT LUCAS KOOLHAAS
Pritzker Prize 2000
-He has revolutionized the way architects look at program
and interaction of space.
-”one of architecture’s most influential thinkers.”
“KILL THE SKYSCRAPER.” DEE AND CHARLES WYLY
THEATER
2009 I DALLAS, TEXAS

“THE SKYSCRAPER HAS BECOME LESS


-Known for his striking, often gravity-defying structures.

MOVEMENT AND STYLES:


DECONSTRUCTIVISM, ABSTRACTIONISM & INTERESTING IN INVERSE PROPORTION TO
POST-MODERN METABOLISM OR, THE IDEA
THAT MEGA-STRUCTURES SHOULD EMERGE IT’S SUCCESS. IT HAS NOT BEEN REFINED,
ORGANICALLY FROM THE COMMUNITY AND
CULTURE TO MEET CONTEMPORARY NEEDS. BUT CORRUPTED.”

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