IRD NST NDE Procedures Manual 3.0 Radiographic Examination Procedure Cover Page 3.0 Radiographic Examination Dare PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY. APPROVED BY: Re-Atiimed March, 2010 Gordon Robertson Gordon Schutz Gordon RobertsonIRIZNDT DATE: 3.0 3.4 3.2 33 34 35 36 37 38 3.9 3.10 311 3.12 3.13 Re-Affirmed, March 2010, Radiographic Standards and Procedures ‘Scope Safety Requirements and Precautions Personnel Qualifications Equipment and Consumables 341° Radiation Sources 342 Film 343 Intensifying Screens 344 Image Quality Indicators (Ia) 345 Viewing Facies Calibration, Verification, and Certification 351 Source Size 362 — Ial's 35.3 Densitometers and Step Wedge Comparison Films 354 X-ray Machines ‘Surface Preparation General Procedure Requirements 3.7.4 Compliance without a Written Radiographic Procedure 37.2 Compliance with a Written Radiographic Procedure Specific Procedures 38.1 Back Scatter Radiation Check 382 Identification and Traceability 383 FimStorage 384 Film Processing 385 Evaluation QI Sensitivity ‘Geometric Unsharpness Acceptance Rejation Criteria Records and Reporting Radiographic Techniques 3.13.1 RT-1 Circumferential Weld - Source Centered 3.132 RT-2_ Longitudinal Weld - Light Wall 3183 RT-2A Longitudinal Weld - Heavy Wall 3.13.4 RT-3_ Circumferential Weld - Double Wall - Light Wall 3.13.5 —_RT-3A Circumferential Weld - Double Wall - Heavy Wall, 3138 RT-4 Circumferential Weld - Double Wall- Ellipse 3.13.7 RT-8. Circumferential Weld - Double Wall - Superimposed 3.138 RT-6 Circumferential Weld - Source Not Centered 3.139 RT-7 Mired“T~ Joint - Single Wall - Source Centered 3.1310 RT-8. Socket Type Welds REVISION#: 2 __ APPROVED BY: NDE Procedures Manual 3.0 Radiographic Examination Procedure Table of Contents GR Page 2 of 24NDE Procedures Manual 3.0 Radiographic Examination Procedure References DATE: Re-Atfirmed, March 2010 References REVISION#: 2 APPROVED BY: _GR. Page 3 of 24 Unless otherwise stated reference documents are the latest published ediion(s), ASME V ARTICLE 1 ASME V ARTICLE 2 ASME V ARTICLE 22 ASME! ASME VIII Div. 1/2 ASME B31.1 ASME B31.3 ASTM Section Three API620 API 650 CSA 2-662 CAN/CGSB-48,9712 ASNTISNT-TC-1A General Requirements Radiographic Examination Radiographic Standards Power Boilers Pressure Vessels Power Piping Process Piping Volume 3.03 Nondestructive Testing Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-Pressure, Storage Tanks Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel IRISNDT Quality Assurance Manual IRISNDT Personnel Certification Manual (Work Practice)NDE Procedures Manual 3.0 Radiographic Examination Procedure 3.0 3.4 32 324 322 March 2010 ___REVISION#: 2 APPROVED BY: Page 4 of 24 Radiographic Standards and Procedures Scope ‘These procedures are used for nondestructive examination by radiographic techniques. it should be recognized that the effectiveness of any nondestructive examination program is limited by the capabilites ofthe procedure, the equipment avaliable, and by those persons who are responsible fr, and cary out, the procedure These procedures cover X-ray and gamma ray radiographic testing, and will be used for the detection of cracks ‘and other internal or external linear and non-linear discontinuities in welds, parts, components and materials. Safety Requirements and Precautions General AIL IRISNOT safe work practices and procedures, customer safe work practices and procedures and all legislated safety acts and regulations must be followed. Examination procedures are offen catried out in hazardous environments, Personnel involved in radiographic examination may be exposed to a number of hazards including ‘+ Materials and concentrates - Consuit Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for material properties, precautionary measures, personal protective equipment and frst aid measures for any hazardous materials being used. ‘+ Chemicals ~ When mixing flm processing chemicals consult the MSDS for mixing instructions and wear the appropriate PPE. ‘+ Falls ~ Testing is often carried out from ladders, scaffolding or on top of large structures, Proper safe ‘work practices must be followed and proper fall protection must be in place in all cases. ‘+ Environment - Identity the hazards in the work area and take appropriate steps to eliminate them or ‘control, ‘+ Lifting - Improper liting can cause back injury. Use proper safe work practices for lifting and handling, Radioactive Exposure Devices IRISNDT is responsible for full compliance with federal, provincial and local laws governing safety in the ‘operation of X-ray and gamma ray equipment and will submit their safety procedures to the client and have them approved prior to performance of any radiographic work, if requested,IRIS NDT NDE Procedures Manual 3.0 Radiographic Examination Procedure DATE: Re-Affimed, March 2010 ___ REVISION #: APPROVED BY: GR Page 6 of 24 33 Personnel Qualifications All radiographs will be produced and processed by experienced radiographic technicians. Where required by the ‘governing code or specification personnel performing and evaluating radiographic examinations will be certified in accordance with IRISNDT SNT-TC-1A (yaiten practice). Personnel interpreting radiographic fim shall be certifed as a minimum to Level II CAN/CGSB-48,9712 and / or Level Il IRISNOT SNT-TC-1A (written practice). Personnel shall also have a thorough understanding of the acceptance / rejection criteria ofthe applicable code, ‘The customer retains responsibilty for the interpretation and acceptance of al radiographs and radiographic Feport contents. Final radiograph interpretation (including acceptance and rejection) shall be reviewed and accepted by the customer. 34 Equipment and Consumables 341 Ratiation Sources Acceptable sources of radiation to be used inthis procedure include: + Xray Machine: + Cobal-60; + ridium 192; + Selenium 75, ‘The applicable referencing code section shall be referred to in order to estabish any thickness limitations for the radiographic source to be used. 342 Film The radiographic film type to be used will be as specified in the governing code, or as per client requirements (Type / Class I fim is recommended for general radiographic examination as long as the required penetrameter image details are visible on the radiographic film. Type / Class | film will be used when the required Penetrameter image cannot be obtained by using Type il flm and for other special applications as determined by the specific job). * Type / Class | Low speed, very high contrast, very low graininess, Le. Fulj, Geavert 04/05, or equivalent; ‘+ Type of Class Il Medium speed, high contrast, low graininess, ie, Fuj, Geavert D7, of equivalent. Unexposed film willbe stored in a clean area where the temperature range is between 40° - 75° F (4.4° - 24°C) {and a relative humidity between 30% - 60%. If any flm should become pre-exposure fogged to a base plus fog density greater than 0.30, it will not be used. Radiographic film will be within the manufacturer's expiration date at the time of exposure as marked on each ‘container of film. If the fim is past its expiry date, base densities shall be taken on the unexposed film (1 film {rom top of package, one film from bottom of package and one film from middie of package). If the base plus fog ===: NDE Procedures Manual 3.0 Radiographic Examination Procedure RT-3A Technique DATE: 3.135 313.81 3.1352 313.53 3.13.54 31355 3.13.56 3.13.67 3.13.58 Re-Affirmed, March 2010 REVISION #: APPROVED BY: GR Page 19 of 24 RT-3A - Circumferential Weld - Contact - Heavy Wall Scope This technique is used, but not limited to, inspection of circumferential welds in vessels and pipe with pipe schedules greater than 80 ‘Source Location Perpendicular to weld seam centred on film cassette. Film Type I or Il Width and length as required for complete coverage. 1axs) ‘Minimum 1, placed in centre of cassette directly opposite source, fm side (place source side if accessable), directly next to weld for hole type, across weld for wire type. Selection per referencing code, Where specified by the governing specification (CSA 2662) IQI(s) are to be placed within 25 mm (1°) of both tends ofthe viewable limits ofthe radiograph. Shim Per weld build-up, if applicable; for hole type penetrameters, Undercut shims where requited by the specification and if undercut is to be evaluated, Exposures Minimum four at 90° spacing, showing a minimum 25 mm (1") film overlap. Exposure time per calculation. Markers ‘A lead number tape will be used to identfy a zero point and subsequent points around the weld. The zero point and direction of progression shall be marked on the part. Identification Lead markers and /or flashing manner. Identification shall be a permanent part ofthe fil. Source Source | Trot eTIRD NST DATE: NDE Procedures Manual 3.0 Radiographic Examination Procedure RT-4 Technique Re-Affirmed, March 2010 REVISION#: 2 APPROVED BY: GR Page 20 of 24 3.136 3.13.6. 3.1362 3.13.63 3.1364 3.1365 3.1366 31367 31368 RT-4 - Circumferential Weld - Double Wall - Elipse Scope ‘This technique is most commonly used for, but not limited to, inspection of circumferential welds in pipe 75 mm. (@°)in diameter and under with pipe schedules of 80 and less, ‘Source Location Offset at approximate 15° angle to the axis of weld. Firm ‘Type | or Il. Width and length as required for complete coverage. Fas) Minimum 4 per fim, placed on centre of pipe, source side, directly next to weld for hole type, across weld for Wire type. Alternately on raised shim(s) (same height as weld diameter) placed along side of weld. Selection per referencing code. Where specified by the goveming specification (CSA Z662) 1QI(s) are to be placed within 25 mm (1°) of the Viewable limits of the radiograph. For pipe diameters 114.3 mm OD and smaller and components NPS 4 and smaller, an 11 may be used at one end of the acceptable limits of coverage for each exposure, ‘Shim Per weld build-up, if applicable; for hole type penetrameters. Undercut shims where required by the specification and if undercut is to be evaluated, Exposures Two at 90° spacing. Exposure time per calculation, Markers Lead letters set on source side and centre of part. The location of the lead letters shall be marked on the part, Identification Lead markers and / or flashing manner. Identification shall be a permanent part ofthe film. Source ° aN - t \ an !IR DS NST DATE: 313.7 3.43.74 3413.72 3137.3 313.74 3413.75 313.76 34377 3.13.78 NDE Procedures Manual 3.0 Radiographic Examination Procedure RT-5 Technique te-Affirmed, March 2010__REVISION#: _2 APPROVED BY: GR ___ Page 21 of 24 RI-S - Circumferential Weld - Double Wall - Superimposed Scope This technique is most commonly used for, but not limited to, inspection of circumferential welds in pipe 75 mm {@")in diameter and under with pipe schedules greater than 80. Source Location Perpendicular to, and directly above centre of weld, Film Type | or Il. Width and length as required for complete coverage. 1aKs) Minimum 1 per fim, placed on centre of pipe, source side, directly next to weld for hole type, across weld for wire type. Alternately on raised shim(s) (same height as weid diameter) placed along side of weld. Selection per referencing code, Where specified by the governing specification (CSA 2662) 1Q\(s) are to be placed within 25 mm (1") of the viewable limits of the radiograph. For pipe diameters 114.3 mm OD and smaller and components NPS 4 and smaller, an |Ql may be used at one end of the acceptable limits of coverage for each exposure, ‘applicable; for hole type penetrameters. Undercut shims where required by the specication and if undercut isto be evaluated, Exposures Minimum three at 120° or 60° spacing. Exposure time per calculation. Markors Lead letters set on source side and centre of part. The location ofthe lead letters shall be marked on the part. Identification Lead markers and / or lashing manner. Identification shall be a permanent part ofthe film. Source Source ° AN mRNDE Procedures Manual 3.0 Radiographic Examination Procedure RT-6 Technique DATE: 343.8 313.84 31382 3.13.83 3.19.84 313.85 313868 3:13.87 313.88 Re-Affirmed, March 2010 _REVISION#: _2 ____APPROVEDEY: _GR__Page 22 of 24 RT-6 - Circumferential Weld - Source Not Centred ‘Scope This technique is used, but not limited to, inspection of circumferential welds in vessels and pipe. Source Location Perpendicular to weld seam centred on film cassette, Film ‘Type |or Il. Width and length as required for complete coverage. 101s) Minimum 4 per fim, placed in centre of cassette, source side wherever possible, placed directly next to weld for hole type, across weld for wire type. Selection per referencing code. Where specified by the governing specification (CSA 2662) IQI(s) are to be placed within 25 mm (1°) of both ends of the viewable limits of the radiograph. shim Per weld build-up, if applicable; for hole type penetrameters, Undercut shims where required by the specification and if undercut isto be evaluated, Exposures ‘As required, showing a minimum 25 mm (1") film overlap when multiple fim are used. Exposure time per calculation, Markers ‘Alead number tape will be used to identity a zero point and subsequent points around the weld. The zero point and direction of progression shall be marked on the part. Identification Lead markers and / or lashing manner. Identification shall be a permanent part ofthe film. °e SourceNDE Procedures Manual 3.0 Radiographic Examination Procedure RT-7 Technique | DATE: 3.139 3.13.9.4 313.92 3139.3 3.13.94 3.13.95 3:13.96 313.97 3.13.98 _ Re-Affirmed, March 2010 REVISION #: APPROVED BY: GR __Page 23 of 24 RT-7 -Mitred "T* Joint - Single Wall - Source Centred Scope This technique is used forthe inspection of "T" mitred joins, Source Location Centred on weld as per drawing, Film ‘Type | or Il. Wieth and length as required for complete coverage. Ios) Minimum 4 equally spaced around perimeter, source side wherever possible, placed directly next to weld for hole type, across weld for wire type. Selection per referencing code. Shim Per weld build-up, if applicable; for hole type penetrameters. Undercut shims where required by the specification and if undercut isto be evaluated, Exposures One, showing a minimum 25 mm (1") fim overtap. Exposure time per calculation, Markers | ‘A lead number tape will be used to identify a zero point and subsequent points around the weld, The zero point and direction of progression shall be marked on the part. Identineation Lead markers and /or flashing manner. Identification shall be a permanent part of the film. Source SourceNDE Procedures Manual 3.0 Radiographic Examination Procedure RT-8 Technique DATE: 3.13.10 3.13.10.1 3.13.10.2 3.13.10.3, 3.13.104 3.13.10 313.106 3.13.10.7 313.108 Re-Affirmed, March 2010 REVISION APPROVED BY: GR___Page 26 of 24 RT-8 - Socket Type Welds ‘Scope This technique is used, but not limited fo, the inspection of socket type welds with full or partial penetration filet welds. ‘Source Location Centred on weld as per drawing, Film ‘Type lor Il. Width and length as required for complete coverage. rans) Length-wise on pipe next to weld, source side wherever possible, placed directly next to the weld for hole type, ‘across weld for wire type. Selection per referencing code. Shim Per weld build-up, if applicable; for hole type penetrameters. Undercut shims where required by the specification and if undercut isto be evaluated. Exposures (One. Exposure time per calculation, Markers A lead letter placed directly opposite the source will be used on the part entiation Lead markers and / or flashing manner. identification shall be a permanent part ofthe film.