Herbert Puchta & Jeff Stranks English in Mind Second edition Student's Book 2 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESSmune act cantinuous Past continuous vs past simple, ‘when and while eed Comparative ad superlative adjectives Intensifers with compartives (rot) s os Adverbs / comparative adverbs wl/oon't Imight/may (oot WAinese «fest conditonal Holiday Question tags Present perfect simple jst abeady yet Present simple passive let / bellowed to Present perfect simple for since eer Past simple passive ‘on the oraer article 00 mach/many, not enough wl ve be going ro Determines fveryone / noone / Someone, etc} smust/muctt vs. dont have to Present perfect continuous Present perfect simple and continuous Defining relative causes usedto Second conditional Past perfect Reported statements ‘Third conditions! Phrases wth et VYocabulry bank phrases with et Antonyms Sport Vocabulary bank sport ‘The environment ‘ith v North American Erlish Vocabulary bank: North American and Bitch Engish Deserbinga person's age \Vocabuaty bank talking bout people's age Verb and noun pais Voceliary bank: verb and noun pats Disasters ocabulry bank: asters Homes Vocabulary bank houses /homes Thinking Vocabulary bank: thinking ‘Music and musical instruments Vocabulary bank music ard musical iste Medicine Vocabulary bankc medicine Information technology and computers Vocabulary bank electcal matters Noun suffies--r, rand st Noun suffixes oon and-ment Vocabaty bank lack Pronunciation « Vocabulary bank » Getitright! « Projects + Spesking 8 + regular verbs and phonetics Pronunciation than ands foul won't Intonation in question tage J allowed hove has and for Silent letters Sound and speling:-ou- Sentence stress: rhythm hor slinused hod and’ would ‘have / ‘would'veDescribing past activities, Discussion: music Making comparisons Apologsing Last but not least: talking about sport Discusng environmental pecblems Predicting Future events Discusion: using water responsibly Checking information Asking about habits, routines, les and dsles {Last but not least: exchanging information about Canada and the USA Describing a coremony Reteling a story Talking bout permission Talking about unfinished suations Expeesing diferent pots of view ‘ast but not least: tlking about having Fun and laughing Exchanging laformation about pat events Describing a dream Talking about natural disasters and environmental Descrbing quantity Talking abou your town, country andhome Last but nat east: talking about future pans Taling about how you eam best Diecssion talent and inteligences DDesrbing recently completed and unfinished actions hing avice ast but not east talking about musc and becoming popstar Expressing pasthabies Discussing mecca problems Giving advice Talking about uncal situations and problems Last but not lear: discussing computers and the Describing event in the past and ear past Telinga picture story “alin about mythical cites Reporting past events Last but not leas: cussing popular sayings Seience tion story Talc Obmmpic medalists Inverview: water a anatural Sang ig Yellow Taw! Answering a qu about Canada the Usk ‘Conversation about things recently done Story from Papua New Guinea Dilogue about minimum ages (Quie about minimum ages Song: Don't Worry, e Happy Interview: 2 famous huriane Descriptions of homes Interview: utile intligences entiyng biferent types of People talking about music and rusia instruments Dialogues at the doctors Dialogue about Joseph Lister Seng Run That Body Down Descriptions of problems ‘nase by computers Radio programme: the paetings cof tascaun Conversation: an unlucky dy Song Lucky Day ‘Article: What did they vent? ‘tile Bean iaventost Caltreinamind.The history of stening Article Australia almost the champions Photostory: A marathon tile Bleycle revolution? ‘Cuture in mind Water a3 natural resource (Quiz Canada & the USA Opinion postings Is fre wireless internet good ides for Vancouver Phoostry:New gi Article Where boys become crocodile men (Quiz Hew old do you have tobe? ‘Citure ning Coming of age in Japan ‘ticle The power of hurour Questionnaire: Are you Tun tobe wit? Photostory Very funy! Informative text A yng disaster ltr in in Tova Brochure: A holiday in cave mall about holiday Photoston¢ allover the place Dtices Your brains ie aruscle Calture in min Gil genis, unversty student 315) Article: Music that changes lives Protostor: Talent? Me? Article: Medicine inthe past Culture in mind Madecins Sans Frontires Doctors without borders Survey onthe intornet utile: On the internet, gel te! Photostory: Dont judge a book Article: Actin the jangle Culture inning Mythical tes Article The man with seven ves Photostory: Nervous about the exams Story about Report bout sports event Webste article about your Email about aboiiday Magazin article about a speci ey Email about how you have fs Newspaper story about ‘forest re nail about aplantor ‘holiday Competition entry Letter about your favourite type of music ticle about a Famous scientist Competition exty Short story Emallto apologieWelcome SectionjA ©) read and Usten a) Read and listen to Jack's diary entry. What is he worried about? Marl 29% Dear Diary, Um wrcbing this in my room ~ i's amor midnight fond | hase tr get mp early tomar, bat | cant seep. hase tr think abort my fab! Every day peaks ate ney ‘What dar ym vant ta be ven yom grt ng? The poten i: (dant and! My mam. aliseyt tags, Be a doctor!’ But the daetnt amderttand — te ea dacton, you hawe-te dy fra Umegy Lg tine val that's wat my idea of fans Als Ue reably bad sub Bilagy at choot. My dad tuys, ‘Bee jet! Ie he. cry? He ens | Late flying! Well, Ne got cme ident, of comet I yeally want tr bear racks thar, You dow 't have te be very clever, o it's the perfect job for me | Like Listening t9 mac, tv ( dart ply any inctonmencts an | ting really badly = bet there ave Lott of voce shart Like that: No In getting ied and my finger we Lasting tr Se Te going to bed. | can think amt may fcbore in ed. U get may best dens vat Un Lying dm Or perhapt one move umputer game? Decisiams, decisions, decisions! (b| Answer the questions. 1 What time is it? Why can't Jack sleep? Why doesn't he want to be a doctor? Why doesn't he want to be a pilot? Why is a rock star the perfect job for him? Why is he going to bed? WELCOME SECTION Grammar: present simple; present continuous; have to / don't have to Vocabulary: hobbies and interests; jobs © present simple Write the verbs in the correct form of the present simple. 1 We eat. eggs for breakfast every day. (eat) 2. Our teacher always us homework on Fridays. (give) 3. Imsony~1 the answer. (not know) 4 My father football (not like) 5 all your friends to the same school? (go) 6 Where your best friend 2Klve) © present continuous Complete the email with the correct form of the present continuous. From: _jess.chambers@mailnet To: sally WELCOME SECTION© read and Usten (a) (7) Read and listen to the conversation. What is William going to do next week, and why? William: Guess what? Next week, Im going Sam: Realy? That's fantastic! But 'm surprised to start diving lessons! You know — scuba-diving. ~ have you ever done anything like this before? William: | know ~ but I like her. ve never taken a William: No, never. And that's the problem. My life's really boring, m really boring. Well, ‘that’s what Emily Jones said yesterday. Sam: Well, Emily Jones isa really unkind person. Attractive, but unkind. Just a minute ~ are you doing this because of her? William: Er, im not sure. Sort of. Maybe. Well, yes, Sam: You're mad! You shouldn't do things just to impress other people. Especially Emily Jones! [D) Read the text again and answer the questions. 1 2 3 Ake nnis sae a [)1) 1 Grammar: First conditional; should/shouldn't; present perfect with ever/never Vocabulary: adjectives for feelings and opi ins; personality adjectives risk in my life, And if | don't take any risks, ' never get what | want: Sam: OK. So tell me — if you go diving, will you enjoy it? William: Probably not. To be honest, i really frightened! And ... well, the truth is, I can't swim! Sam: William, do you know what? You should be ‘who you are — a friendly, honest, nervous guy! Forget Emily Jones and forget diving. Come on, let’s go and get a pizza. What does William think about himself? 4 Why does william want to take a risk? What does Sam think about Emily Jones? 5 Why won't William enjoy diving? Why does Sam say ‘Youre mad!” 6 What does Sam think William should do? © First conditional Read the conversation and complete the sentences. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. A B: A 8: A 8: A 8: Let's go into town, No, ve got to do this homework. If | go. (go) into town, | won't finish. (not finish) it today. So what? Well, if? {not finish) it today, | | see ~ and if you? {not give) it to her, she That’ right, Well, * (be) angry with you if you ‘Oh, nol Look ~ if|* (come) with you, ‘the homework? OK ~ itsa deal! i 10 WELCOME SECTION {not give) it to the teacher tomorrow. (be) angry with you (not come) into town with me. you (help) me later with© adjectives for © feelings and opinions Underline the correct option. 1. The book was so interesting/boring that he read it three times. 2 I didn't enjoy the film last night ~ it was very fantastic/dull 3 I don't like that painting at all 1 think it's really attractive/ugly. 4. Those sunglasses are great ~ you look really awful/cool in them! 5 Next week we're going to Florida on holiday —we'te all very excited/ exciting. 6 Itold him all about myself but 1 don't think he was interested/ interesting in listening to me. should/ shouldn't a Complete each dialogue. Use should or shouldn't and a phrase from the box. go this evening goto school ‘eat more breakfast bemore polite be more relaxed 1A: Im going to take scuba-diving lessons. 8: Oh? Well, I think you should ask your parents. first 2A Ellie and Josh are hungry ~ again! 8: Well, perhaps they the mornings. Are you worried about the test tomorrow? B: Yes, abit. I think about it b in 4: Let's go for a walk in the park. B: No, it's almost dark, We 5. & Ive got areally bad cold B: Yes, you have. You today. 6 &: Idon't know why he's so angry with me. B: It's because you were rude to him. You you know. Present perfect with ever/ never Complete the questions and answers. Use the correct form of the present perfect and ever or never. 1 A: Have you ever seen the Eiffel Tower? (ever/see) 8: No, | ‘venever been to France. (never/be) 2k you scuba-diving? (ever/try) 8: No.! in the sea, (never/swirn) 3k you awake for 24 hours? (ever/stay) B: No,and! for 24 hours! (never/sleep) awl Japanese food, (never/eat) B: Really? So, you sushi? (never/try) Personality adJectives Complete the list of adjectives. Write the opposites of each word. Positive Negative friendly. unfriendly organised . kind dishonest lazy polite - miserable relaxed Complete the sentences with an adjective from Exercise 6a, The missing word begins with the first letter of each person's name! ' 1 Una says horrible things about people, she's so unfriendly 2. Robbie never gets nervous before a test — he’s always Lucy never does any work she's so 4 Peggy’ very thank you. 4 Mike's a boy, he never laughs or smiles. 5. Don't believe anything that Debbie says, she's very , she always says please and 6 Dave is really s there are books and magazines everywhere on his desk! Everybody likes Frank, he's very WELCOME SECTION |Great idea! Past continuous Past continuous vs. past simple when and while Vocabulary: get @ read andtisten Match the words in the box with the pictures. Write 1-8 in the boxes. chewing gum remote control roller skates diesel engine mouse trap cooker dishwasher windscreen wipers 1b] Read the texts. What do you think (a) Listen again and answer the questions. each person invented? Choose from the objects in Exercise la 1 What happened when Thomas put a piece of rubber in his mouth? (e] Listen to the complete 2 What did James Henry Atkinson do with his idea? stories and check your answers. 3 Who bought Josephine Cochran's invention first? 4 Why did the Dutchman get impatient? In 1903, Mary Anderson and a friend In 1897, British inventor James Henry Inthe early years ofthe eighteenth were driving to New York. twas Atkinson was looking atthe family's century, in the middle ofthe summer, raining heavily and they had to open supply of potatoes, which they keptin an unknown Dutchman was looking the windows of ther car and put their a room under their house, He noticed at one ofthe many canals in Holland heads out to see better. Suddenly that mice had eaten some of the ‘He was thinking that he often Mary had an idea potatoes soe invented something travelled along the frozen canals on In 1860, Thomas Adams was tying ‘at hecalled ‘Lite Nipper’ to stop lee skates inthe winter He go ate to produce rubber out ofthe juice he &™ impatient . ot from Mexican sapodilla trees. He In 1886, Josephine Cochran was “1 don’t want to wait for winter wanted to produce toys, rain boots _standing in her kitchen in lois, be thought. ‘and bicycle tyres. The experiment USA. The family lunch was finished. "t work, While e was thinking There was a mountain of dishes in about this, he took a piece of the front of Mrs Cachan and she got rubber he was working with and put quite angry, thinking that she had to it in his mouth 4o ths job every day. ‘If nobody else is going to invent a machine for this, "ldo it myself? she thought.© crammar % Past continuous 8) Look at the examples. Mary Anderson and a friend were driving to New York Then read the rule and complete the table. Josephine Cochran was standing in her kitchen, B] Underline other examples of the past continuous in the texts on page 12. Negative Question Short answer Vhe/she/it Whe /She/it Vhe/she/it working? | Yes, /he/she/it. working (was not) working No, V/he/sherit (was not you/we/they —you/we/they weren't _-you/we/they working? Yes, you/we/they working {were not] working No, you/we /they..... {were not}. RULE: Use the past continuous to talk about actions in progress at a certain time in the past. (| Yesterday Tom's maths teacher was late. What. were the students doing when she got to the class? Complete the sentences with the past continuous form of the verbs in the box. write do sit play dream Lucy .was doing..a handstand, 1 2 Daniel and Sophie table tennis 3. Samuel on the teacher's desk 5 lisa about a day on the beach Complete the sentences. Use the past continuous form of the verbs. 1A: What were you doing. (you/do} when | saw you yesterday? © BI (wait) for my sister. She (buy} something ina shop. Who (you/talk) to when | phoned you? It was my brother. He... (tll me about a film he saw on TV. (his parents/live) in England when he was born? (live) in Paris. His father (work) er ee No, they as an architect. (you/watch) TV when I called last night? No.1 wasn't. | (read) a magazine. Who (you/have} lunch with when | saw you yesterday? With Jane. She's a friend of mine. We (talk) about you! (you/play] tennis yesterday afternoon? No, {not/play) tennis, (do} my homework What uniform? 8: No, they RPP er er {they/ wear) for school yesterday? Their school (not/wear) their school uniform, they (wear) jeans and T-shirts, Pronunciation Pn page 110. Turn to Work in groups. One of you is a famous person. The others ask questions to find out what he/she was doing at a certain time in the past. The ‘star invents the answers. & What were you doing last Sunday at 7 pm? A: Oh, | was on a plane. | was flying from... to @& Who was with you? ‘A: My secretary and some reporters. @ What were you doing during the flight? ‘A: 1 was talking to the reporters. ‘And | was writing some emails. oe @ Were you..? uNITI© usten @] Read the beginning of a science fiction story and answer the questions. writing a story. It was about a far: 1 ir spaceships? ‘Who or what was in the spaceship: ‘away planet, XROT?. Lots of people 2. What do you think happened after the pees inaieettra|ptanel and here spaceship landed? An enmas rca inion 3. What do you think happened after Olivia so the President of XROTT sent fve finished writing her story? spaceships to find out more about the arth AS they were gelling near B] [LTE Listen to the rest of the story. Earth, As they were getting near the Earth, four of the spaceships caught Check your ideas from Exercise Sa fire, Only one of them got to the ©) What do you think happened in the end? Earth and landed safely. Init was. © crammar ‘% Past continuous vs. past simple 8] Look at this sentence from the story. Underline the % when and while st continuous verb and ircle) the past simple verb, ast continuous ver ane LEONE past SIMPIC Ve": [A] Look at these sentences from the As they were getting near the Earth, four of the spaceships story. Then complete the rule. cough fre ® Olivia was writing the last sentence of b| Look at the diagram. Which sentence tells us the her story, when suddenly she heard a background action? Which sentence tells us what noise behind her. happened at one moment? Complete the rule. While he was smiling, he got a shock. As they were getting near the Earth ———_—— >" RULE: We often use when with the past ‘and while with four of the spaceships caught fre. casein RULE: Use the ___ for a background action or description @] Complete the sentences. Put one Use the... for an action that happened at of the verbs into the past simple, cone particular moment. and one into the past continuous 1 |_wos writing _ (write) an email. [€] Look at the sentences from the story. Complete them The phone _.rang... (ring). with the correct form of the verbs. 2 Hary (run) to school 1 While he was working (work on his plan, his brain He (fall) and hurt his leg, machine (check) people's brains to find out 3. Alex and Sue ...(play) what they (think). tennis. Lucy {arrive}. 2 Every now and then, Q5 (look) at the huge 4 Antonio (have) screen, Everything (go) well. All the human breakfast. He (have) brains (think) of other things, and none of a great idea. ‘them {know} about his terrible plans. z 3. When Olivia (look) at the neighbour, she Join the sentences in Exercise 6e in (see) that he. his hand. tt looked like a mobile phone. UNIT (hold) something in ‘two different ways. Use when and while. |1was writing an email when the phone rang. While | was writing an email, the phone rang.Read | Try to answer the following questions. Then read through the text quickly to find the answers. 1 What did the Wright brothers invent? 2 Do inventions always come from older people? Be an inventor! .. Wrong idea number 1: An invention has to be ‘something completely new. Wrong idea number 3: Inventors are always. ‘old people. Wrong idea number 2: Inventors are born, not made. r Vocabulary a] The verb get can mean arrive, receive or become. Look at these sentences. Write the meaning of got in each sentence. He got a little impatient. = became The Wright brothers got the idea for building a flying machine from watching birds. = Only one of the spaceships got to the Earth. = ‘Thomas Adams got the juice from Mexican sapodilla trees. = ye ‘one spaceship got to the Earth. 1 got home at nine clock. (not: tgotteheme) B] Complete the sentences with the words in the box. Use the past simple or past continuous forms. get wet get to school gettheanswer get angry 1. The maths question was very hard, but in the end |_got the answer 2 I woke up at 8.30 this morning, sot really late. 3. Alex stopped playing football because it was raining and he 4 My teacher __ because | didn't do my homework Turn to page 1 1b] Read the text and match the two parts of the sentences. 1 Many people don't know that a 2. The Wright brothers got the idea for b 3 Many inventors have a lot of talent c 4 Ifyou give up easily when you 4 ©] Discuss in groups. but they also work very hard. make a mistake, you won't be successful anybody can be an inventor. building an aeroplane from watching birds. 1 Do you agree that ‘inventing is something anybody can do’? Why / Why not? 2 ‘Practice makes perfect’ is a famous saying. Do you agree? 3 Think of a useful invention, Tell the group about it. Do they think it's useful? UNIT 15( Culture in mind © read and listen [8] In pairs ask and answer questions. [c) Read the article again and 1 like listening to music? Why listen, Answer the questions. fen listen to music: on the When and why did fami radio, a CD player, or an MP3 player? player piar What was the problem with the fir records? [B] Read the article and choose the best title for it. Isn't musi fu jat was the main differenc 2. The history of listening to music phonographs and gramophones 3. Listening to music 100 yeas ago Cee Cee Ch Moe ey My een Ree Ras ey Sc their favourite songs which they —Gramophones were similar to the In the 1960s, the first cassette Ae ECan ig PC ee agreed recorders became popular. A big step CREE aL me eC oae ees towards modern technology was See ee ca a Ce a ee ee ee SU Ronn ed TAU Ree Ss Ce Lacey ‘The 19005: Tho player plano then later a small diamond, ‘took’ the Japanese company, Sony in the music off the record, Some pr Me ea eee Rete eter eee eat could listen to their favourite music still use vinyl records today. while they were travelling, doing Poor Se a eae became very popular and rich Une ase eeany Dea Io a ona programmed on paper rolls with joles in them and you can also play it like a ‘normat’ piano. In the GIeeCr ear ea ane Ce eee ay Pence nea ee asain atc RL PoC aTy Aeon ate pee Cn cua Erm neste ees ea cose? eek times before the foil broke. Later ee Sane These could hold longer recordings (two to four minutes), and people Rone ms1d] Find words in the text that mean: ‘that many people like (paragraph 2) not be seen (any more) (paragraph 2) not many tines (paragraph 3) not very different from (paragraph 4) a person playing music in a club or disco (paragraph 4) Sana ROR See SCT) pacar speak Discuss in groups 1 Some people pay a lot of money to buy an old gramophone or record player. Would you do that t00? Why / Why not? 2 What will istening to music be like in the Future? Make five serious or fun suggestions. Write Read Alex’s story about an invention and answer questions 1-3. 1 What's the name of the invention and who invented it? 2. Why is ita good invention? 3. When and how did the inventor get the idea? Match the questions in Exercise Nla with the paragraphs, Write A, B and C in the boxes. ‘A. Tim going to write about the tape called Velcro™. The man who invented it was George de Mestral, from Switzerland, 8 De Mestral got the idea in 1948, One day, ‘when he was walking in the woods, he got annoyed because there were lots of burrs (from plants) on his coat and trousers, and it was very difficult to get them off, De Mestral noticed how the burrs were sticking to his clothes and he used the idea to make a kind of tape out of cotton, He started a factory to make Velcro™ in 1952 € I think Velero™ is very useful for things like trainers and other clothes and also for bags, because it’s easy and quick to use. z S Underline the following expressions in £ Alex's text 3 Jim going to write about g The man who invented it was s _-got the idea a noticed. started a factory J think... is useful because Write a story about an invention. Use Alex's story and the expressions in Exercise TIc to help you. unm | 172 He ran +aster Comparative and superlative adjectives ‘Adverbs / comparative adverbs Intensifiers with comparatives Vocabulary: antonyms/sport (not) as... as Usten | Match the names of the sports events with the pictures. Write 1-6 in the boxes. throwing the discus 1 2 gymnastics ee 3. throwing the javelin 8 4 archery 5 volleyball 6 sprinting b Look at the profiles Listen to part 1 of a talk and complete the information, c The speaker says: “How is this possible?’ What is - Roa FF she talking about? What do you think the answer is? Listen to Sea Sea! part 2 and check your answer. See ee evens rere aR q Listen to part 2 eden] reese ct again and answer the questions. car 1 What are the Paralympics? 2 When were the first * Paralympic Games? 3. How many sportspeople were at the 2008 Paralympic Games? 4 Where did Natalie Du Toit finish in the 10 km swim in the =e Usain Bolt WECM -ft tat Ty Olympics? ae From 5. What is Du Toit’ disability? venenatis Event ret a @ ) Can you think of any other Be sea ouuanes _ famous disabled people? Tell the class about them.© crammar ‘%& Comparative and superlative adjectives Complete these sentences from Exercise 1b on page 18. Use the words in the box. shorter best slower fastest Bolt was the fastest. runner. than Bolt. __.throw was by Trafton. 1 2. Smyth was 3. The 4 Buggenhagen's throw was ‘than Trafton'’s. Put the adjectives in the box below in the correct columns. How do you form the comparative and superlative of good and bad? eaxy bad tidy young fast quiet interesting beautiful high new expensive good oes Nick's much / far The red bike is a bit /a little a lot older than Will ‘more expensive than the green one. Compare the things in the sentences. Use much / far / allot, or abit / alittle. 1. watching TV / reading a book (interesting/easy} I think watching TV is a lot more interesting than reading a book ~ and it’s far easier, t00. ‘a mobile phone / an MP4 player (useful/expensive) Bitls/boys (intelligent ‘tidy) History/Maths (difficult /interesting) my best friend / me (tall/young) my country / Britain (big/beautiful) fe © vocabulary and grammar ‘Antonyms ‘@] Match adjectives 1-10 with ‘their opposites in Exercise 2b. How do you form the ‘comparative and superlative? 1 bad __good 2 difficult 3 slow __ boring cheap low messy uly 10 old... 4 5 6 7 noisy 8 ° Z % (not) as... as B] We can use (not) as... as to compare things. Look at the examples. Answer the questions Smyth isn’t as fast as Bolt. Smyth is as fast as an ordinary athlete. 1 Who is faster, Smyth or Bolt? 2 Isan ordinary athlete faster than Smyth? ©] Complete the second sentence so it means the same as the first. 1. Sarah's brother is younger than Sarah, Sarah's brother isn't as.old as. her. 2 Peters tidier than his sister. Peter isn't his sister. 3. Travelling by train is faster than travelling by bus. Travelling by train isn't travelling by bus. 4 Dogs are noisier than cats. Dogs aren't cats. Turn to page 112. uniT2© pronunciation mas Turn to page TO ENGAND'? | SOOTUANG:1 | © read a Look at the photo and the title, What is the sport? ‘Who are the teams? Who do you think wan? Read the text quickly to check your ideas. Bb] Read the text again and answer the questions. 1 What was the score at the end of the match? 2 What was the situation after three periods? 3 What did one of the players say about the Australian and Canadian teams? tie 4 How does the Australian coach feel about the next sence 19 Paralympic Games? Australia Vocabulary almost.the © Sport ejlo S [a] Match the sentences with the pictures. 1 They're the champions. England won, two-one England lost, three-nil. It was a draw. Australia beat South Africa. ‘The USA came second. The coach talked to the players. ‘The referee sent a player off The Australian Men's Wheelchair Basketball team were only two points away from winning 2 gold medai last night. {} Put the pictures into words, In the Paralympic WheeIchair Basketball final, Canada (the Jones.came first, Smith world and Paralympic Champions) beat Australia 49:47. 1 2 ‘Atthe end of the third period, Australia were winning by eight points, But Canada came back ~ they played brilliantly and 3 took the lead in the last 30 seconds. The Australian captain 4 had a chance at the very end to make the match a draw — but the bail hit the basket and didn’t go in. The referee blew the final whistle and Canada were the champions. ‘One of the Australian players said: ‘We're very proud. We didn’t play baaly ~ in fact, we played very well. But congratulations to Canada — they played hard and fast and, in the end, they played better than us.” ‘The Australian team now have a few weeks before their next match, but they aren't resting: they are already preparing for the next Paralympic Games, ‘We hope that ‘we can go further than last time and win the gold medal,” the coach said. ‘We're practising even more regularly and ‘we've training harcier than ever. | think we'll do very welt at the next Paralympics.” iva 20 | UNIT?© crammar * Adverbs comparative adverbs @] Look at the example. Underline other examples of adverbs in the text on page 20. We didn't play badly ~ in fact we played very well 1B] How do you form the adverbs of: © regular adjectives (for example, slow)? © adjectives ending in -y (for example, easy]? ‘© hard, fast and good? adjectives to talk about nouns: He’ a slow run adverbs to talk about verbs: He runs slowly. C] Read Mark's diary. Gircle) the correct words. 4 May Last night; my father was talking about languages: He says he speaks French 'good / well, but he doesn't Te heard him speaking French: he tries to speak very 2quick / quickly, and his pronunciation is terrible / terribly. But I didn’t say that. Iwant to speak Halian ‘fluent/ fluently. Yesterday 1 talked to the Italian teacher about my test: She said I got out of 20 ~I did the test really ‘bad / badly Twas surprised. I thought the test was “easy / easily and I answered all the questions really "quick / quickly. The teacher said I'll never be "good / well at Italian, but I smiled happy / happily at her, because she's wrong. Tom going te learn Halian and go to live in Rome. G] Look at this example of a comparative adverb from the text on page 20. Then complete the rule. We're practising even more regularly RULE: To form the comparative of most regular adverbs, add the word before the adverb. be] ‘Some comparative adverbs add -er/-ier to the adverb, others change completely. Complete the examples. 1 soon sooner. 4 hard 2 early earlier 5 fast 3 good 6 bad Complete the sentences. Write the comparative adverbs of the adjectives, 1. Sue runs _ faster... (fast) ‘than me, 2. Andy writes (clear) than me 3. Pablo speaks English (fluent) than me. 4 Sorry, don't understand can you speak (slow), please? 5. | got 90% in the test, but Jeff did even (g00d) than me 6 Rebecca ran (quick) than Alice 7 Sandra always works (hard) than, everyone else. 8 The party starts at 9.00 ~ but you can come (early) if you want to. Speak Think of five famous people, or people in your class, and ‘compare how they do things. Start each sentence with ‘He’ or ‘She’, Use the verbs and adjectives in the box. play speak work sing dance run write team act ...[your ideas} good hard bad clear fluent quick... [your ideas} He plays tennis better than Rafael Nadal. She works harder than anyone else in the class. In pairs tell each other your sentences. Who is your partner thinking of?a | A marathon © read and usten ox Look at the photo story. Someone is taking part in a sports event. Who is it? ‘What is the event? Why is Joel laughing in picture 2? Read and listen to find the answers. Pete: Still. We're talking about 26 miles here. That's an awful lot of running, There's no way | could do that! Debbie: It would take me more than Joel: You're not going to believe this. My dad's running in ths! Debbie: Your dad? The marathon? | didn't know he liked doing sport Joel: Well, he doesnt, really. He does a bit of running now and then, and he goes to the gym and that sort of thing, But there's no way he could finish a marathon. Three days later Pete: So, joel, how did your dad do? Joel: Hahahaha.. it took him seven hours and 12 minutes. Jess: So he finished it? That's fantastic! Joel: Yeah, but guess what? He was slower than almost everyone in the race! a month, And honestly, Joel, do ‘you think you could do it? Jess: So what? He set himself a goal, and he did it: Joel: That’ not the point. It took [At the end of the day, that's what matters him more than seven hours. Joel: Well, perhaps youtte right. Ive never thought It's so embarrassing! about it like that, I suppose 1 2 3 4 5 b] Read the sentences. Find one thing that’s wrong in each sentence and correct it. Joel thinks his dad is enthusiastic about sports. Joel's dad finished the marathon, and Joel was impressed with his time, No other runner was slower than Joe!’s dad. Pete thinks he is a better runner than Joel's dad. Debbie and Pete think it's ridiculous to run a marathon in seven hours. i 22 | unir2© everyday english © team spirit exp | Find the expressions 1-6 in the story. © Who says them? that sort of thing Guess what? We're talking about That's not the point. 1 2 3 4 anawful lot of 5 6 At the end of the day, | Complete the dialogue with the © Phrases 1-6 in Exercise 10a. Allie: Hey Steve, Guess what?_|just saw anew Coldplay DVD in the shop. It costs forty pounds. steve: Really? Well, im not going to buy it Allie: What!? Steve, Coldplay here — one of your favourite bands! a] This year Debbie, Jess, Pete and Joel are preparing steve: | know. But? : for their GCSE exams. In one of their courses, Allie. Don't you remember? My father Joel has to do a special project. What do you lost his job. can’t spend money on think the project is, and how does Joel like it? CDs, DVDs and ¢ we defini tert pounds is [| Match the words with their definitions. ‘ money: ‘Then watch episode 1. Ale: Oh, yes, Im sorry | forgot 1 drama a anumber or letter that shows how good you are a 5 ) ina subject at school Discussion box 2 workshop bina bad mood; unhappy 1 Why do you think Joel laughs with everything | whenhe ells his friends about his > mak € aninjury or condition | __ father’ finishing time: that makes it difficult 2. Do you agree with Jess that what is for someone to do what important is to set yourself a goal other people do | and go fort Why 7 Why not? 4 disability 4 showing a lot of interest 3 Do you do any sport or other in something activity that you enjoy without 5 complain about ea meeting of people to being very good at it something train or discuss an activity 6 grumpy £ when actors... they make up what they say without ©) improvisation speskng fom serge enthusiastic gto say that something Work with a partner. Take two minutes to ng oF you are not prepare a short role play. Try to use some is wrong ory with i of the expressions from Exercise 10a. Do happy with it not write the text, just agree on your 8 improvise ha play ina theatre, on ideas for a short scene. Then act it out. TV or on the radio Basic idea: t's the evening of the same day. Joel is talking to his dad, He’s sorry that he made fun of his dad’s marathon time. uNir2© write a Harry's teacher asked him to write a report about | Read Harry's report again and match a sports event. Read Harry's report and answer the the topics 1-3 with the paragraphs. questions. Write A, B and Cin the boxes. What kind of event was it? 1 What happened at ‘When and where was it? the event How did the teams and players play? 2 Harrys opinion of 1 2 3 4 Who scored the goals for Portugal? the event 5 3. General information 6 about the event. What was the final score? Did Harry have a good time? Why / Why not? Sere A slay evening, | went to a © I think if was @ great match Both Footbal! match at Wenbley in London teams played really wel! My dad and | My dad got us tickets For the game enjoyed it @ Jot, and we were very happy between England and Portugal because we saw some great players! . After the nittch, we went for @ pisza B The match was really exciting from the : : together. It wae & good evening out start, England scored @ goal after jen minttes, ard they were playing briliantly, But after balk tine, Portogal started Jo play better. Ronaldo, my favourite player, was excellent. after 60 minstes, he seared! & gadl, anc ten mmites Inter he scored another one and then Rortughl were wimng 21. But fee mnvtes belore the end England scored again 50 in the end they drew da | wits very happy because england didn't Jose! €] Write a report for your school magazine about a sport event you watched in the past. Use Harry's report and the questions in Exercise 13a to help you. @ Last but not least: more speaking ) Look at column A. Make Yes/No questions. ‘A: Question 1 B: Name C.Question 2 1. you / watch sport on TV? oe ‘What / watch? Do you watch sport on TV? What do you watch? 2 you / play any sport? What / play? 3. you / got a favourite sportsperson? Who / be? 4 your parents / like sport? What / tke? 5 anyone in your family / play 2 sport wel? Who..? What / play? 1B] Make more questions with the words in column C. ©] Ask other students the questions in A. If the answer is Yes, write his/her name in column B. Then ask the questions in column C. | Now work in pairs, Tell your partner about the students you talked to. i 24 | unT2Check your progress © Grammar © vocabutary ‘Complete the sentences. Use the past, | Put the letters in the correct order to find simple or past continuous form of the the adjectives and write them next to their verbs. opposites, While | was walking. (walk) down the street . yesterday, | (see) a friend of mine. eged udifticfl guly _smeys He? (look) in a shop window. yonsi pxsivenee lows 1 (tart) to cross the road to say hello to him. While 1+, {cross} bad 004... the road, 1°. hear) a noise. A bus fast a (come) in my direction! The bus cheap (stop) very close to me. | was beautiful lucky it {not hit) me! tidy Complete the sentences. uiet a . Use the comparative or superlative form. easy Lie) of the underlined adjectives 1 Tima good player, but Steve ise Complete the sentences. Use the correct than me and Jane isthe _ best player in form of the verb get and one of the words ‘the school! in the box. Question 1 was easy, Question 4 was than question 1, and question 6 was the. ‘question of all. Last night's match was exciting, but Saturday’s match was... than last night’s match, and Sunday's match wasthe ever Yesterday was a bad day for me, but Thursday was than yesterday, and Friday was the of wry life *y ad The party was great, and I didn't __ Te) until midnight! ‘Complete the sentences. Write the My brother sayshe when he adverbs. daydreams. ‘They ran home quickly. (quick) | love Maths, and I'm always happy She smiled (happy) when |. ight. 3. Mybrother speaks French {fuent) How did you do? ‘The hairdresser cut my hair very Check your score, - -(bad) answered all the questions Totalscore © © ® (easy) C3] vey Not ery Our team played very 0s good 0k | good | home asurprise good ideas the answer old wet It rained very hard last Saturday when | was in town, and I. got... very _.wet. Our dog can't walk very well because he's very now. _ yesterday. My uncle sent me some money! Gorrar 9B etn Vocabulary 5-7 less than 5.if/unless + first condi Vocabulary: the environment @ read and listen 1 Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, lots of traffic jams and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes. So in 2007, the city began a scheme to improve the situation. Under the Velib scheme (Velib’ comes from vélo liberté, or ‘bicycle freedom’) people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station, The first half-hour on the bike is free, but if you don’t return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. But it’s only €1 a day or €29 a year’! The bicycles are heavy (25 kg), and they are all grey and have baskets. There are about 20,000 of them in the city, and around 1,450 bicycle stations. So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 metro stations! will/won't; might (not) / may (not) for prediction ] Look at the photos and the title. How is Paris trying to solve its traffic problems? Read the text and check your ideas. ional 2 Paris is not the first city to have a scheme like this — not even in France, where Lyon started a free’ bicycle scheme many years ago. And not everybody thinks i’s a great idea. One Parisian said, These bicycles are only for short journeys. If people want to travel across the city, they won't use a bicycle — they'll still use their cars!” 3 A city spokesman said, ‘The bicycle scheme won't solve all our traffic problems, of course. But it might reduce pollution levels in the atmosphere. Traffic, together with factory fumes, is a big problem. Everyone knows about global warming and dramatic climate changes — we know this is partly because rainforests are disappearing. But it’s also because there's so much pollution in the world and we can help improve the situation right here. The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too. There aren't any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities. But unless we do something now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get worse’ In 2007, politicians in Paris People only have to pay ‘At more than 1,450 bicycle stations, Some people Politicians think the Velib scheme If we don't change the situation, ©} Discuss in groups b Read the text again and listen. Match the two parts of the sentences. aif they use the bike for more than half an hour. still use cars to travel across the city might help to make the air in Paris cleaner. 4 people can take bikes and leave them. the problem of pollution will get bigger f started a scheme to reduce pollution in the city, 1. What do you think of the idea of bicycle schemes for big cities? 2. Are there any schemes to reduce pollution in your city/town? ii 26 | uniT3© vocabutary ‘% The environment @] What do the underlined words from the text on page 26 mean? (paragraph 7) 1 lots of cars, lots of traffic jams and lots of pollution from exhaust furnes {paragraph 2) 2. it might reduce pollution levels in the atmosphere 3 factory fumes 4 global warming and dramatic climate changes 5 rainforests are disappearing 6 temperatures will continue to rise the problems in our environment will get worse B] (2) Match the words with the pictures. Write 1-6 in the boxes. Then listen, check and repeat. Trecycling 2 litter 3 pollution 4 factory fumes 5 rainforests 6 rubbish ©] Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box. waste drep cleanup recycle pickup cutdown pollute 1 Don't .drop...ltter. Someone has to it 1 2 Weill your empty bottles. Leave them here, 3. Water is important, so don't it 4 Every year, people have to thousands of tonnes of oil from beaches. 5 Factories and power stations the alr we breathe and our water. 6 Every year, companies, 78 million acres of rainforest, an area larger than Poland. Work with a partner. Make a list of problems in the environment where you live. There are a lot of cars, and there is a lot of air pollution. There is a lot of litter on the streets. Put your list in order of how serious you think the problems are. Number 1 is the most serious. ‘Compare your list with other pairs. Now make another list of things people can do to improve the environment. I think we can use bicycles or walk for short journeys. We can recycle our bottles and rubbish. Which of the things in your list do you do now? unir3. | 27 i© crammar % will/won't, and might (not) / may (not) for prediction Look at the examples. Underline other ‘examples of will won't and might (not) / may (not) in the text on page 26. Then complete the rule. People will stil use their cars It might reduce pollution levels in the atmosphere. RULE: Use _ certainty and express possibility. or won't to express (not) or may (not) to Complete the sentences. Use will, ll, or won't and the verbs. 1. Great! The weather man on TV says it will be_(be] sunny tomorrow. 2 Do you think people in the future (travel) to other planets like Mars? 3. What time we New York tomorrow, do you think? (arrive) in 4 Ilove those trainers! When I get my pocket a money next week, | think | them, (buy) 5. Please can you help me with my homework? | promise it (take) very long. Complete the sentences. Use might or Es might not and the verbs. 1. Don't give that ice cream to the cat! It might be. (be) sick! 2A: Where's Alicia? 8: Im not sure. | think she her piano lesson, (be) at 3. I don't know if this book is a good present for my brother. He (like) it D 4. Don't put that glass there! Someone (break) it. 5 Im worried about my maths test tomorrow. he (pass) it! 6 Inthe future, people will probably travel in space and they (live) on other planets. 7 (feel awful. | think (have) fu UNIT3 ee the correct words. Don't throw your skis away, YouGighD/ might not need them later. 2 You don't need to take a jumper. It will/ won't be cold there. 3. Theresa lot of traffic today. We might / might not be late for school. 4 Take your umbrella. im sure it will/may rain soon, 5 Ihave no definite plans for my holiday, but | will/might go to Scotland for a few days. 6 A: Do you think France will/might win? 8: They will/might, but Holland are a very good team too. 7 Anne sill, so tm sure she may not / won't go to the party on Saturday, Pronunciation Turn to page 110. Work with a partner. Talk about life in the future, 100 years from now. Make predictions. Use will/won't, might (not) 7 may (not) and the topics in the box. Travel and transport Clothes Food Money Education and schools Sports Science Entertainment (TV, films, etc) Books [your idea] ‘ks I think students will learn from home with computers. 8: Yes, | agree, and there might not be any teachers or schools! Think of your next school year. Make notes of what you think will/might change, and of the things you think will / might not change. Compare your notes with a partner's ‘A: We'll have the same number of English lessons every week. B: Yes, but there might not be the same number of students in the class© crammar and speaking E] Make sentences about the : ss pictures. Use If + will/won't, ‘%& First conditional night (not) or may (not) ] Complete this sentence from the text on page 26. Then IF the girl doesn't run, she might complete the rule. rnot catch the bus. or She won't catch the bus if she doesn't run. RULE: Condition clause Result clause BP (f+ simple +7 won't ‘F people want to travel across the city, b] Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of the verbs. 1 FI fail. (fail) the exam, | I take. (take) it again, 2 fthere (be) more cars on the road in the future, there (be) more pollution. 3 Ifyou (see) Jane, YOU. nn (Bive) her my message? 4 IF pollution (increase), more plants and animals (die) 5 1. (not tell) you my secret if you (not come) to Mark’s party with me. 6 My parents (be) really angry if they (Gee) my bedroom! ©] Complete the questions. Use the correct form of the verbs. 1 What ...will...you..do.... (do) if % unless in first conditional sentences the weather is. (be) nice this #] Look at the example from the text on page 26. weekend? Then €irclé) the correct answer in the rule. 2 Where you (oli Unless we do something about it now, there will be you {go} out this weekend? traffic jams and temperatures will rise further. 3 What you (buy) (The sentence above means: If we don't do if you (g0) shopping this, something about it now, there will be traffic jams weekend? and temperatures will rise) 4 Ifyou {not go) out RULE: Unless we do something = If we do / this evening, what you don't do something (doy 5 IF your teacher {not give) you any homework today, what 3] Match the two parts of the sentences. you (dor 1 Unless we leave now, ‘a unless my dad 6 Ifyou (phone) a friend gives me some tonight, what you... 2 Wewon't understand |b helll fail his (talk about)? ems ft] Work with a partner. Ask and answer 3. |won't have any money | ¢ unless you tell the questions in Exercise 6c. someone, ‘A: What will you do ifthe weather's nice 4 Unless he studies harder, \d_ welll be late. this weekend? 5 Nobody will know unless our 8: mnot sure. | might play football with our secret teacher explains. Marco. uNIT3@ cutture in mind © usten Listen to seven facts about water. Number the pictures 1-7. b Match. Then listen again and check. 99% 1 a of the world’s diseases are caused by drinking dirty water. 2 70% bof the world's fresh water isin places that we cannot get to. 3 500 litres _¢_of water are used by one person in the USA or Europe every day. 4 20litres dof water are used by an African family every day. 5 88% eof all the fresh water in the world isin Antarctica c What problems do some people in the world have with getting water? Listen again and check your answers. d] |) Guess the answers to these questions. Then listen to an interview with an expert and check your answers. 1 What is the aim of ‘SafeWater”? 3. How much of the total rainfall ends up 2. 30% of all the world’s fresh water is not frozen in in rivers? What about the rest? the polar ice caps, but we can still only get t0 196, 4. Why isn't there as much water per Where is the rest? person as there was 50 years ago? © speak Work in small groups. Ask and answer the questions. 1. What do you use water for in your daily life? Make a list, 2 What do people use water for in your town/city? 3. Make a list of five ways in which you could save water. 4 Compare your answers with others in your class. i 30 | unir3© usten @] Complete the song with the words in the box. Then listen and check your answers dollar paradise leave parking lot gone apples They paved’ ‘And putup a? ‘With 3 pink hotel, a boutique ‘Anda swinging hat spot. (chorus) Don't it atways seem to 0 That you don’t know what you've got Tits 2 They paved paradise ‘And put up a parking lt. They took all the trees Put'eminatree® ‘And they charged the people AS andathalfjust to see ‘em (chorus) Hey farmer, farmer Putaway that ODT now. Give me spots on my® _me the birds and the bees, please! (chorus) Late last night heard the screen door slam And a big yellow taxi Took away my old man. (chorus) b] People say that this song contains statements about the environment. Which lines give environmental messages, do you think, and what are they? 7 write Amy wrote an article for her school website. How many ideas does she have for making her town better for teenagers? Read Amy's article to find the answers. COREE teenagers for teenagers to go. In my opini need more clubs and other places ‘we can meet. Teenagers won't cause problems in the street if there are more places for us to goto. In addition, teenagers here need more sports faclties. There are places to play ball games lke tennis and football, but what about other sports, ike skateboarding and rollerblading? Finally, "m sure that we'll make the town better if we don’t drop iter. Our town will bbe much better for everyone in the future, if we all do something to help now. Underline the words and phrases ‘Amy uses to introduce each idea in her article. the words and phrases she Ses to give her opinion Write an article like Amy's, Use your ideas from Exercise 9, some of the vocabulary in the unit and Amy's article to help you. Plan your writing Here is a possible plan: Oren ityery) 1. say where you live and what the environmental problems are 2. say what people can do 3. think of a positive ending for your article units | 31 L