‘Always read the question first. Iegjves you a sense of what to look out for as you read ‘the extract. This shouldbe very familar to you as you would have had practice completing similar tasks for your IA. The Module 2 essay The Module 2 essay seeks not only to test your knowledge of the module but how well you are able to apply the knowledge. For this module the exam question is based on an extract from a narrative passage, a play or a poem, The pieces selected generally use a mixture of Caribbean Creole and Caribbean Standard English. You are expected to read the piece and respond to the question given General format The Module 2 question generally comes in two or three parts, but sometimes it may have four parts. You are to respond to all the parts in a single essay of no more than 500 words The question focuses largely on the use of language and language varieties (Caribbean Creole and Caribbean Standard English). The other requirement of the question is generally one that relates to the use of technology. Use of language and language varieties To respond to this question you need to be able to comment on any or a ‘combination of the following: Attitudes to language. ‘© How language uselchoice reveals attitudes. + How reaction to language uselchoice reveals attitudes Ways in which language is used, Social factors which influence language choice (e.g, location, ‘occupation, education, status). Use of language in relation to social status. ‘Motivation for choosing a particular language variety. ‘Motivation for wanting to attain a particular variety. How choice of a language variety creates tension or conflict. Differences in language varieties used (phonology, syntax, vocabulary, etc.) Relationship between use of language and the context within which it is used, «How context influences language choice. + What is the relationship between the people involved? What was their motivation for their language choice?TECHNIQUES FOR PAPER 2 Bi ‘What language varieties used reveals about characters. Note Relationship between verbal and non-verbal communication. * Appropriateness of language variety used. Non-verbal communication + Features ofthe language that would make i dificult to understand for is covered in detain anon-Creole speaker. Module 3 but you may be + Reasons for the writers language choice. required to discuss iin the © What the writer achieves by using a particular language variety eee Creole in particular ~ and how such aus assists with the sear nc advancement of Creole or ” behaviour’. You may aso be asked to discuss any oral ofthe following: * communicative behaviours (e.g body language © use of registers (formal, casual, consultative, etc.) © dialectal variation (Caribbean Creole and Caribbean Standard English). Use of technology The question may require you to discuss: * how a video recording or televised reading may enhance the piece or any (named) aspect ofthe piece, such as: * communication (verbal and non-verbal) * tension © conflict © discomfort © attitudes to language; Remember * how televised reading or presentation may enhance meaning; * how any other (named) technological device may enhance You have to write an essay. communication, ad meaning, etc Ittherefore requires three parts introduction, body The structure of the essay and conclusion.The structure of the essay and een Introduction © Look at all the parts of the question and ask yourself what you know about what the question requires of you. Remember + Make jotings : + Review your jttings and write a few sentences that capture what the Your introduction should not be long Is just a question is asking in a general sense Thats, write afew sentences that sum up your jotings on what you _—_‘“imple road map. know about what each part of the question is asking, Get to the point in two or + Then write your thesis statement. pies noes aa the most, For this, attempt to rephrase what the question is asking into a statement. Altematively, make a general statement about the question. Pot | Bods : | . There are 7 marks avaiable * Use the sections of the question to structure the body of your essay. forthe organisation of your Respond to each section in its own paragraph but do not label them 2, gay bcete . Review the section on * Use transitional phrases or sentences to connect the different linking structures and paragraphs, transitional devices (see The beginning and/or end of each paragraph should show how it page 112) to help you relates to the one before and/or after it. achieve these marks. * Each body paragraph must begin with a topic sentence that introduces what that paragraph will be discussing. Example: ‘There have been many technological advancements, all with different advantages to communications; the television for one, if used effectively, can enhance communication in several ways. In this piece for instance, * In discussing each section of the question, ensure that there is supporting evidence from the extract to support your claim or perspective. Use the E-I-A principle (see below). * Remember that there needs to be cohesion within each paragraph as well as between each paragraph. * Each body paragraph must end with a concluding sentence that summarises what that paragraph discussed. Example: Essentially, the television as a technological device would effectively convey the characters’ varying attitudes to language as well as the tension involved in the social circumstances of their interactionThe |-E-I-A principle In Paper 2 you are expected to demonstrate a high level of analysis. You can use the I-E-|-A principle to analyse text. Identify Explain Mlustrate Analyse For example, if the question asks you to comment on attitudes to language: «First, identify the attitude. Example: Tobie has a rather antagonistic attitude towards the use of Standard English * Then explain what you mean Example: He is very aggressive and hostile to anyone who speaks or attempts to ‘speak Standard English to him and always reacts in a negative manner. Then illustrate your point by providing evidence from the extract. Example: One instance of his antagonism is seen in his interaction with his girlfriend Jubie when she came home excited to share her news with Tobie. Darling yu see all dese lovely gifts | does gat at: work today. Heverybody were telling me how they like how | make the hoffice wa'm an welco...." Tobie slaps the machete on the table. Yu hear mi se yu nat to bring yu dam backra talkin into mi house. | not tellin yu again inuh’ he warned shaking the machete at her * Finally give your analysis Example: Tobe’ attitude suggests that he has no regard for the language that Jublepresent, which he ses as Standard Engich His eererce tot as ‘vackra talk indicates that he thinks Standard English belong tothe white mans world. He does nt ee that ths language sa part of his identity and it would poseiby mate hi fel dsoyl to his ancestry the were to traits use. This i why he gets so upset arallashes out when t i¢ used aroua hi,‘Conclusion This is the grand finale of your essay. You want to recapture the important points you made in the body of your essay. Start by making the transition from the last body paragraph. You should signal that this is the conclusion of your essay. Rephrase your thesis and main points. Select the topic sentences from each of the body paragraphs and rephrase them into one or two sentences that summarise the ideas. Do not simply repeat the thesis and/or topic sentences, Close with a sentence that wraps up everything. General pointers + The question in this section is specific to the extract given. Do not include random discussion to demonstrate general knowledge of the syllabus content. You are expected to show how you can apply that knowledge to the questions asked in relation to the extract given. Candidates tend to regurgitate definitions of ‘mesolect’, ‘basilect’, ‘proxemics’, etc. This isnot required Read the extract below carefully then answer the question that follows. Ie was 10:30 at night and the big jukebox was at the corner of the street strumming out the cool tones of the Reggae Icon himself. Maas George did love him some Bob Marley. In the yard where the nine-night was actually being held a steel pan band was adding to the rhythm of the night and all the people from the district were milling about the yard engaging in dominoes, card pack and chit chat. Even a cockfight was going on around the corner: In the kitchen a little off to the left of the house, Janet, Babz and Tanya congregated around a humongous wood fire as they chatted up a storm. ‘How di mutton comin on, eh gyal?” Fire Stick, the district ‘long-belly’, shouted to Janet who was stirring the big pot of curry goat with a piece a pimento wood. “mighta lick yu in yu ass.You no ear | tell you not to call mi no gyal. Me is big oman fi yu ino. Yu tink me is yu madda? Renk!’ “Aai, no mind Faiya Stick Janet man, cho; Babz rebuffed, handing Fire Stick a bow! of manish water to soothe Janet's response. “Good night Mr Fire Stick. see you are still henkering around our kitchen. Nice bow!” That was Josina, Maas George's youngest child.‘Still henkering!” Tanya mimicked as all three women burst into a chorus of belly laughter. ‘Come ya Gad; muttered Janet, still laughing but ignoring the young girl. She never did like Little Miss Hoity-Toity. “Aunty Babz, could | have just two small cups of the goat soup and is there any of the roasted breadfruit left over from earlier, my fiancé is feeling somewhat famished’’ “Bur si ya! Manish waata an ruos bre-fruit! Bout yu ‘goat soup and roasted breadfruie’.A we yu tink you de pikni? Yu big farin school?” hissed Janet. ‘Janet!’ Tanya scolded and pointed to the door with her lips. Janet looked around to see Stephen, the fiancé in question. She hissed her teeth and went back to stirring her pot. ‘Good heeveling, Mr Stephen. | just waamin up the nice goat soup for you with some roasted breadfruit and pickle fish’ ‘Pickle fish? Woi, Gad if a laugh in ya inait I get fat! chortled Janet."Aye Tanya, mine ou you dish out di pile fish, yu no waan bone juk yu; she continued as Tanya hurried past Babz to share the food. ‘Henjoy di heeviing yu hear! Tanya crooned, handing a small tray to Stephen and a small foil-wrapped package to Josina ‘So you finish the eulogy, Miss Josina” ‘Its Josi now and yes. Well, thank you and we'll see you ladies at the funeral in the marrow’ she said as she hooked her free arm through her fiancé’s free arm and waltzed off towards the house. ‘Den a wa fly up in a your head, Tanya?’ Janet could not wait a moment longer to enquire. "You need fi learn fi behave yuself, Janet man; Tanya hissed back. "Mi ma! Den no you did a trouble the child no too long bout “still hankering” an now you see farin people, yu a twang. Yu tink dem beta dan fi hear wi patwa?!” ‘Lwasn't twangin, mi was a taak prapa Mi kyaan si nice nice high skin people an chat tu dem boogoyaga like a unu mia taak to” Extract from ‘Nine-Night Jamboree’ by Charity Barrett In an ESSAY of not more than 500 words, discuss: a. the relationship between context and language choice; b. the attitudes to language of any TWO characters in the extract; ¢. how a televised presentation of the piece would capture the atmosphere presented in the extract. ‘Total 25 marksTran ESSAY of not more than 500 words, discuss: ‘a. therelationship between context and language choice; b. the attitudes to language of any TWO characters in the extract; c. how a televised presentation of the piece would capture the atmosphere presented in the extract. Total 25 marks “This serves asthe tude introduction One factor that influences language choice is [Note there is no hard and fast context, In Charity Barrett's Nine-Night Jamboree’ pabanse hes erwodecton ‘the language choices are Creole, mostly in the baslect- should be writen However musty the otewet |__| Valation and Standard Erglsh, both being usedin the pointing out what you will be context of awake/nine-night, whichis a casual setting [Fak rescore ‘dscussing and in what order. ‘The language used by the characters in this setting tat you willbe dacusing| ener e ae reveals various attitudes to lanquage. All of this will be in the paragraph, posslewiow emoroming | | ac cuscedinaddtiontohowa televised presentavin | | |Eeryne wan sei For this introduction the student: | | Of this piece could capture the atmoshere of the poe re + states the tide of the piece and || extract. ‘omnlary to another the rae ofthe author (he The contextorsetting paysavitalrolewhen — | student jut ewure that helps to create background) choosing a language. In the extract the contextis a you have one. + dems the ngage areses | nn sterdotinita wi This speaks to ‘sed in the extract as well as ight wale at thehame of ad frend organisation, the contnt of the exact ] oan want tcl tas: Here the student outlines the setting — which is necessary. id aie oe ‘You cannot merely say the setting was casual or formal You rte eee need t0 pont ou the specs tat ake 20. ‘What i atlined here Hare the student speaks to the retionship between the context ard language choice ‘What is missing, however, 's evidence from the feat to support her ddaim tha the variety ved English Create in ‘he basiles variety for ‘the most part and some mesolectal varavon’ Remember you should always eve supporting evidence from the text ‘This topie sentence captures what the paragraph willbe about Howevenit leaves thi section ofthe esay 2 litle sjoinee. Remember hat internal cohesion very important 1 & speaks to organiaton, You theretore need to link each paragraph to the cone that went before The Tink canbe very simple, ‘or example Like context, actudes to language and ‘Some of the remaining friends are joking and veasing each other. Allof this creates a casual setting Since the context is casual and the characters are familiar and comfortable with each other, the writer uses casual language which is English Creole inthe basilect: variety for the most part and some mesolectal variation. However aithoughtthe settingwas casual,oneof the characters chose Standard English asher language choice, possibly because ofher background and relationship to the others. Addtionaly, the story tees narratedmostlyin Standard Engich which may be due to the factithat astory is.a formal type of writing and the writeris writing forbotha foreign anda Caribbean audence, Creole is considered to bea backward and broken down form of language which is mainly used for informal settings/situations whereas Standard English is held in high esteem; these views are attitudes to language and ‘speakers of the two varieties identified willhave different, attitudes. The extract captures the attitudes of both Tanya and Janet towards Standard English and Creole Janethas an attitude of intolerance towards Standard English whereas Tanya has the opposite attitude For 1 instance, Janet chastises Josina for speaking Standard English and corrects her in Creole: But siyal Manish waata speaks to social context (elatonship between prccpants) to account for knguage choice. “The suudent mentions that the language choice for rarraton is Standard Engleh This is 2 good point Many students forge chat the writersarrator's language is apart ofthe extract and ought to be considered ina question suchas the one being answere, “The question stked you ‘to decuss the bngiage sttudes of two character, ‘Therefore ou must name the characters whose atutudes you wil be Cdacusting andi is useful ‘0 s3/ to which language(s). ‘Again you must dently the acotude You cannot discuss an attitude withoutight away you ndeate to the examner te fact that you wil be aang on ew Pont butts not sn entirely ew essay. T ike thie sede you need to comment on the ude Try to bring ahh evel of analyse to your response, ‘Ths ta good rope i provides a ink to the [preceding pararap “Ths i good. she hae Highlighted what the station s and identified aepects of the amosphere ‘Sat wil be captred va ‘the preseneaton, however the as not sid what the atmosphere Ths ssaxement convey the atmosphere’ may beg the {question = what the atmosphere? yy tink youde pkni? Yu big far schoo'? This suggests: ‘that Janet sees Standard Engish as a put on and thatit does not belong in their setting She doesnt seem to have ‘much regard for speaking Standard Engish and considers ‘tobe 'twanging’. This is seen when, after Josina leaves, ‘she mimics Josina and suggests the she isnot better ‘than patwa Creoie's one oF pride a8 she uses it with everyone at all ‘tees, (AGORESE Tanya's attitudes vary Her use of language implies that Standard English is the proper way’ to talk to people of certain cass or status while Creole Is euitatle for frends and company. This is proven inher response to Janet’ Mi kyaan sinize rice high skin people an chat tu dem baogoyaga lke a uns mia taak to! These varying attitudes refect only a few of the attitudes held by peopiein society ‘The various attitudes and the interaction between ‘the characters can be brought tollfe through a televised presentation, which would capture the atmosphere in this written piace well The presentation of this can highlight ‘the interactions between the characters as well asthe Setting they are in, thus enhancing their communicative bbchaviour. The audience woud be able to soe the festive scene ofthe rine-night with all the different activities 29well as the camaraderie between the different people. This and the sound effects would help to convey the atmosphere. tt would also show the tension between Tanya and Janet while Josina is a part of the scene and bring into focus the facial expression of Janet as che criticises Josina and afterwards pounces on Tanya about her language. The audience would also be able to hear how Sang what the aetude i. You should aim to exon early wha the atttude Isashere. ai This a aeration of ‘he aotude You need this Iti evidence for your ‘Note the linking structure proving a trnstion between one point ard the next Remember to use them whi the paragraps as rel s betwen them, Here she gives examples from the extrac, which are abvays needed. ‘She is hoping the reader 10 valve exactly what wil be soon through 3 tweed piece, ‘Thai what needs 10 be done —you say the audience ll ear tdferent tones and you ‘ame them, possibly comical Tanya sounded when she was ‘twanging' Ifyou had space you could ye an oample ofthe use Sone [Transion — agin very necessary and appropriate isipale hat che ‘he fal paragraph, "Notice die cis paragraph does not Ineroduce ay new pons Nexher fe merely a regurgtation of what was sid previowsy ‘ecapeures al the szudent spoke sbovt ang how ie was done. ~ Good heeveling: I would aso help the auelonce to hear the different tones humour, dension, censure, amusement ~ that were used in the extract, Ail i. a televised presentation would bring the extract to lifes the audience can leary see the setting aswellas the characters i real ime. TRAE, he lang.ages were chosen for the extract: because of the nature (of the piece and the audience, a5 wellas the casual setting and relationships of the characters, These language choices further communicated the various attitudes of the characters, EBAHBIG the language used. character interaction and relationships as well as thelanguage attitudes would be highlghtedif che piece were tobe televsed ‘Contnbuted by Sadé Rodney. graduate of SeAndrew Technical High School