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    29 views73 pages

    The Ancient Celtic Festivals and How We Celebrate Them Today 2ndnbsped 9781594772566 - Compress

    Uploaded by

    Daniela Gandarillas Espíritu

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 73
    The Ancient Celtic Festivals, Sno We Corte Toy ran by Cute Were (Chapter 5+ The Autumn EquinoxSeptember ‘20-23 aries astronomicallevery9e40) ‘Part «Modern Wapato Celebrate the Ancient Festal ‘Chapter 6+ Halloween (Sambsin—October a) aliowsen-Ssmin Ait (Chapter 7+ May Day (ltane—May-) Ma-Day=Behane Aces (Chapter «Groundhog Day Ginbole—Febrsary a ‘ound Dyno Atitis (Chapter 9+ Harvest Festivals Laghnass— anes esival-ashoasa Aces ‘Chapter 20+-The Wheel ‘Chapter 21+ The stoon Cele Part IV + How Natural lence Fapains Ancient Traditions ‘Chapter 22 The Constellations ‘Chapter 29+ Ways of Telling Time and Keeping Records Part V «Where DoTraitions and Calendars ‘Come rom (Chapter 24 Why:Da We Care About the Sosary Foomotes Authors’ Note seuss tha Yen or conse te tate ad cle ur capone as pole At ite was wt dn bout Ue ‘Sia Cl daring the tinea whch they ear serch ss ees th xensve and fanning, We helt dept he Cet ty once were rather than throgh the interpretation of nth and ‘ntetenary rte. We ak al espnhiy fr any errs ‘Ssumptons ha may seam incre And we tank oar eit ane ‘Tenis een Lar lve woppeting ipo fats they haw oid hse igs. isthe land sour vo sth land chines through ‘eth land tf or chiden Yaoannat ou the land Theta ouns yo. “Lyris from “Solid Ground” by Dougie MacLean, ‘baby Liman Arts and Msi, Sand Where do these celebrations come from? Introduction ‘ave you eer wondered why we crate Halloween oe October 31 ‘ater than on sneer date? Doe tee strange at Grong, Days on February, clbatespring nes groadbogs rs 8 ‘December; his Easter ll ase? None ofthis a e exe yor madera bat kp ese when ok th mural ele ofthe seasons and the season debrtons a oe calor, Many of ou meer hls came rm ery ani cles tat opt bought to North Americ fo tne Romelade ip aethrn Burpe andthe rsh es. Though arse of lation has changed ‘ovr th snr, hen ance fete are reminders of how oot ethers Euepen nce (ie ou estos om al oe the word) celia the rsing ad sting othe mo, se, stars nd pant Lang befce he tne of Jo Cas adding is tine wel there were le groupe of wandering people north of Rome, ho ‘eau yer ou lend, Ui the Reman ear, wih nly measured the suns passage across the shy, that eld Fld tenon to the waxing and waning the moon ad oe poston of "host wl Hecibe thy were farming ato, the ching, fe season was important othe to, and heen mashed Who wert pope? An hw i ther senna fetal charge to ome the olay wecelebeate oy? To the Romans they were cae the Galt or Gauls 10 the Greks they were the hole "den ople’—as thy Bad no writen ngage te tres were “iden “Tey Ip hie tadkons alive or centuries by ein tres ad ectimg poy oto 1 woul be impose to wie th ors ‘de andl have the contain lhe lees of reaning that Tne ontler cul! bing to them. 1 om hee store, oats (ound in saint gave and rom scant by Grek so Roan ‘ope. Today thse ater European peopl ae kon ail 8 ‘ho Cas (pono as) We ink tt the wor a comes rom he Same Gk ot meaning" Me" oo conceal” Vato hel Tangge cant be bard ods in Gace Seats Mano (he ne fa), Welsh (Wale, Cris (in Comal England and ‘ret Ge Btn, Fes. Early Calendars 2, ag fae hare were oc aos, comptes, ‘or ances ew bow ores the page of he eso he ‘hit fom drought 0 foe, and he sean from ad est in ho Tan soued them They beeded to koow these ase pater of ie 0 of France, Gemany, Austr, sorters Spain, England, Sean, oF ‘Waler-tho cots whe the Cas ed fom around 700 Rt he fst etary a2—ow tat ig eomes between Ferny and Me sunier comes betwen Mey and June, tun cs eee Aug ‘tl Sptener and iter cabin by Ocober youtheisawamer climate ike Toms Frid, Arai Bras Mes your lena illo eet sao yt “The word san oes oe he tench word seson meaning pad whieh a pel pe of astral work done al aria ype af weather perl”? Imago what th word wa i in 700 There as altri 90 the on sures of ight wee the um, oon and as and th man made ir whieh bo provid heat when the sun i wo Wen he son ‘rent ota yer darkand n iter yer c you wore a sch century Ct with no chance of leet Imagine what 00 pan in winter would Took ike-both outdoors and indoors~ DARK. Samoa anges were wt he Cl anal ey people, wad to ermine tine for tel planing fetal, brent, roding rt a ntity—tne base ela fe tee years Te Cots survinl depended on th enon of plating and harvest andthe fe ele a ‘anil toc They sed ear on 1 endowing orn, whe cae and ante are ‘rand inde ego app + epaning sumer, when alan hcp athe oper ‘atresgardeare pte me aden mary whee eve forte an were fl ceo thigh nds ents ining ale sade are haved, ‘rd begin gating ad ete nd sheep etn fo slaughter or woe sty + endtfal/beioning of win, when th hart sin, te wine ‘me peared andthe apical yearend eet at, pare, ay and il tering, and econ Sor lial decir making msl acho tee senna ages ~~ aie ey ‘encanta esate ~ “ateggpeonone ae ‘Sinme sre inp wach eco day attr ‘amperes ee = ==: ESS eascnal changes ofthe aus potion i they @2000 cco Monthly changes the moon's shape (ce page 47) Part ‘Who Were the Celts? ‘The els were «collection of eal popes who apered in Europe sound th seventh eighth ety nc, psy fo 5S aay ‘Torey oti Ato they Bred spurte i, slat thera pyscl makeup, soa scare, and most importa n ‘hei guages alow u tay tn consider am a age pop hs rts tht hey baie wth hl Jealous dues ol Coe ‘ety snort to rermerber tht hes espe othe ak me tac paling of tng diteret tie, Dap he sli, hee ‘were many ference eee there ich one rena ey ee ‘ted aa snl ei ation ‘They seat by both peat nd wate meas over are pa of ‘bope. Tesi in wtalwor, sing animal, and presen fod seth Sl heel them ate a sees tre, Whe he Cas wee {armor and hedoeopl, they were ao Sere tr and warm, Snow 0 pit Har deg on haa, sng = repel ye cal ‘wad, ee ging ino ber those day very elie hd ob 8 ‘hing culture inode to suv The women cul! eas ee ste ‘men, Tnded, the ret Ish hero Culalnn harness tate leo a woman, The Cela on ewords ed ed esa ntl whch ave them aig arate oer he people they congue Thc one of he ma earns he Renn deveped he ary ‘stent me kw ther for today so feo the Caimi ‘hr ‘Te Romans fought Celie people i the Galle Wars Caer wrote ‘Sef Imapne ht told belie four iso wee ten nly by your eee. wou probaly be a ety ised ew. Some array peed ae ‘ne fisting asa of the Cas ster mytol.As the Cals hose wot havea etn language, mucho ho view af hal Tasty ws wore nto tee olga le, wich they memarie that sure tnd wee wen dwn in the Mile Age by Chinn ‘monk who beard the les rom trys But he Cie mythology ‘esl of maps the mon changed he stoves to mae the th the tachigs of the Chin Chr, One api, the Cae pla of “The Celts often wove wool with lak and stripes which may be the erty origin of ls They loved Jewelry and would palt thelr bodies witha blue dye wand before bate Where the Celts Lived Wh we ta bat he Cl we reacting bot pepe fo many diferent otis ver ae ong prod fie Prom abot 700 Te ta AD 60 Cate eliatine exited ee the foe of Eo, Incodingof ese, the Bets les Whites varloas ups hd lee comion ty al my dferncs aw By breaking em to sale groupe we cen dco hm ite more acrate "Thera ofthe ancien Cate ws the and alle Gantt he repo consists of morte aly, Sitrland rnc, Bla. The ‘Gauls were «power test to Ui outer neler, ems of Th tre and airy might They scied Rome in 90 ab Debptiina ne Tn his book ew lnk msc a the Bish ak, wo ne ‘he sh, Sos, and Welsh asthe descendants were ong the st Buropens ost in Amere, bag Utd and fsa th them. The sh andthe ld Sets ae impertan to was they Tae het alive uch ofthe Cle core tht our in Bein Infos Home invded 4. The ish were ever smu by he Romans, hugh ee ar remain of Roman freon the coat. The ighlds of Scland weve lated seas, wil orth of Hadas Wall (hie separted Raman Bain fro Cec dst the not 50 Roman Ince thre was noes near wat as fo congue tea ke England. The Beton etary (pt of Panes) ae ey ‘lee inept and eaareto the Wl hava cmaon tial ant “Thane rown Caste wa icone in alae in Hatt, ust sal village Inte lps. Tis s-mining community wes seer in 1846 ad as ees dated o sound 00 e-The salt esered the afc fund ther. Anether ilge tat este ater, ‘ound 00 te has ben ected in Lene, Stan, There ee ‘So ele cane in what ow morn Take, wee the Cae ‘er called Galatians, apd in the north of Spin the province ald (ato (Over the coming centri the els were gaduly defeated hroahout mach of Eurpe. This rear they er eed ae 3 ‘ton with a iid mt ore the way he Grek and Romans Dye ist century they wee found malin he westerns pas of Baope Bet oven though thle armie were dente, Cae cle ‘es never entry ested. Though they merged with Roman cle, ‘many ofthe ets vedo, epee inthe oti ‘The Druids “The dre were vey importa Cae sec: They wre the Wits, retess and beste adr the nye and jadgs of he (Gate peopl at wll the teacher of he nel A ht sbi ‘were san inn poms eter han writen dow sme were ee ‘ng The da pets nd eat power: The words were aed yall ‘erste cul case a gt ln is Lingo. The Cae pop fr / “The deus bp liveth amy Mtr of he tesa leaders ‘hey red on essing broke as and aed the ingen ‘ues ofthe Cle er on allemters Wen prance {0 be made they were tron the fit spk Te word was ‘espa nd th wor ofa el tl ponent “The Cate Became known for producing certain tems Between about 790-200 AD various Celie ‘aie, indifferent regions oftheir cization, were ‘powerful in trade ax well arin mlitary power, Druid priata were both men nd women who ‘rope and giving offerings to gh, Lord of te Sun, ‘ne thelr many gods: According to mceounts by ‘the Romans, druids wore white aswell as dark: The Romans ouved the dade onde Decne af thee power and Intense, When he Rema tacked he dd snciry a Angee ‘he Roma ens were so tered of the ackobed rae 0 he opps shore he! Un ars dt force th it ate at werd {ai ot pens peo orig diferent views as she pl Iipservie tthe dnl ofthe Car. The Chistian and the des were he only rego groups thy outwed ees bth three Rome pla ome Ceremonial trumpet ‘The wud dud has many possible ots 1 old cone fam words ‘mening “wis” ad” or nk” A he Cal anuage conte 50 ‘iol fig tt pha any goes ord drt ‘he duis mee response for sting the ls fo lth Cae tebe Among ter things hse set thine when tae weld clad Al the dis were Uae in eld so there was 38 ‘The Celts and Nature ‘The Cots, slog with mart ann popes, tad 8 pet cept fr tre Th eft ofthe mata wal determined bathr hy re ot ‘i the water wad at growing season sured he ke ‘arvaton. ature dsts cou mae wd animals become dares emir a well Hoots the animal’ ona sarton tare Ge lapeste cough Yo rk atacing Dumont I the winter war ‘cto the Cnet feng to a ln they ‘ter hat was sf and war. Far bs they needed frewod, wih ‘ame from th ge esl sound. Ste lth wth a rasa pnt of leery ie eeu crs He Groce ad Rome eget wctio round Gvstaen Hee they were oanry people the Cal ‘hinaon eran’ thee rnd the and. Thi intone the land war ery moran. Changs inthe and wether were wath very earl a lterprtd forthe Kings by dls. Tho tts reseed the Knowle oti to eon he and ea the anges in, ee, ad eter Por eran, even thogh thy mee fete bythe Roman amy ad erestualy seed to Catan, ‘hese peoples of the nthe frets pane many of hi oom, ‘her land based lgon, and he umerten enol ena. en0 ‘hepreseat dy Celi dwellings in Britain, Spain, and Portugal were ‘sally round, while in other arear of Europe they ‘were square or oblong ‘Water was vey npr tll te scent pepe The Roman were theft to make aquest ear wate fom ene place to aotes. efore tat, fame bad we iret ways rae the eon ‘ore As tht laser were ao portant athe Cal’ una they nee fons sce. The svi ol of gs and gies wh Brame eso spe nd a th guardians who peed them any Hes {aoate counties ae sated afer thats ges tnd goddess, Special ang waa aval t many ofthe srg mel. Pople The wel Then thy nore ton on nary tes a tha ore ing the cee eat woe wih te fre of sts the i eer al temple or urs. wae pert appropriate or them to al ei ‘ios serves inthe ope, trl wor They permed hel as ‘assed roves-spcal rps of ues hat el deepening fora pean godzacs Ifthe pdene was embodied by the Fete was Tad vw was very frente the way the Gress apd Romane Tookedat th gds and godess But oe thing the Cais di vei common with the Grek ae Romans walle cle nr ond lingers aot hit fla geet heons tnd einer Many fhe tir he sh lak of Instn, for example, ar abot he Toth De Daan (he (Caren of Dane, Tose we tres of rat ates, out by mighty os: The Tate De Danan are actualy een Cle gs and pds Cle tes do inca many great heres, ke Cutalainn, Bae Aims aways payed» get part in Coie ie. The Ot raised olmak ue se aor ase, puts, psf fod ad tol oF Riles. ‘They sed hones for Ile. In Ua tr gee {or myer white age Anuter commas theme in entire ries ‘eto ngom' alg fare animals rom anther nga. Many ofthe gps and goddesses wer known by he anil the wee sss wih ke Caren, Ue Wl godess who i asocated trib nic wm, or Rano, ole Wa gato mate {ha white hore The apolar alld -totn ei The {Bra (or Var) wars grat bro and avenue i ame mean fave Whene war lle nits rad como eal essed his men to bury is ead on the White Mount a what 0% ono Here he would par ad poet nga is ad wa gu egend ant tt King Arthur dag ras end wp bese be ‘ante toe the nl ero resonable fr England wll. Nowa, ‘heravene levee tower, England wl time they mere Sometines the human andthe animal are raed topter Sometimes the sectin witha ote alma comes ater, ‘i nprtant event inthe bert Ie, The name ofthe get eo ‘Ochlina mean ound Cuan is ae at bith ws Seta, the me Cahn by ing nd ling the gr dog of he ‘het he ered, then offering Base te gua dog ime ata ‘ane emule found Pom that pot en, sting dog meat wae fabien thi In Cele ttn, heroes ar sal vena srs of ‘hing thy mst ee do. These roiions ae cle esas ‘hetraion of uma aan wth pel te ail aod on thought Dak gen, whe th ey Cle Chinn Char wet i songs. Many of the Sunt, who Hepa srend the Church ‘hroapowt England anand Sand were asset with Bids, es, dos and ores a re sil shown Wi hese imal a pice olay. Sunt Rein i aly pictred with Maciel, Sait ‘Macosisasciated withthe tg Saint Keniges with ao, ‘The alphabet the rds wd wa als tlt tre ough the ris no we anhing dom, tore ae ening on sone In tern Barge Dat we spel abated opha.Theyeppedt toate bon eave fom around 20.900 ot The tet is dleret ent or nina or exp re ogham he ter represen he ames of es In id opm the Car ed the same onder oer (heh stared, 8, 8, ot AB C,H Bt instead of epee ‘hemes of tres, the eters repre he names fins We ow tout th phat om te ter wetng of bards nd tyes wo ‘ht wet things down. Tere ze many Spe opt meted a Mach of wat we ow athe ter Cte ares sre rom ih texts and some Web tel wien down mach tr, bt crating ‘ein thn elements ofthe org! srelng tds a the Ce st Whe we okt Pench a Beh Catala, we de into {he time lore the Rane ade, he ine when the Roma Te, nthe time ner thy were dren out The Romane ha a ey ong {ner onl the sont they ad conte with, ater the ge he ‘Sons andthe Jtes Invaded Bran ard the Viking, al evn their inne on the cae And ast 8 with any cate os, ome (sot wee ch and some were poor. So, yous, eat be ‘moledng to mabe generived statement stot lhe Cl toe ‘Dat we oa ely ay that ll the Clr Bad = laezlneiy eth we ener ol eh ‘TIMELINE—THE RISE AND FALL OF CELTIC CIVILIZATION Pan embossed on ot ‘rom oon tngane one Away oflearning about the cary Cli from hjccts found in ural sites throughout Earope [Areas where old estom stil lings and, in some Arca where traces f Osc culture cam be found ‘areas, are being revived today ‘The Celts Today (ld atic scitos tiv im remote par of Hi hough the erecta sentry, antl the hte between Cae people and the ‘ng Norman became bt bween Catan an Protestantism, Goale etand was defied by the Englsh atthe bboy Bate of Cale Moria 745 nbereupo Soni rise Ci, bgpips eb ‘es were catlawed It became exe, pana by death os he ‘wong tpl the bap gp The Engi went on ring tl ters of Cie are, wich they ened a oli ‘The desteete Highland Caran oed many Gale Seto he lands ent the fo the new worl of North Aer dete tothemountaie of Apples nde the Vins enon he United Sates Others wee seed In Nova Seti whose tame means New ‘Scand, Canada. Today the clare ad the spoken Gate lngnge remain nly inthe western Highands ad sands ff the cat ef Intl the ptt tanie ofthe 840 and the gous ad eth wars that flowed destoyed mach of lands Galespeang Plt, leving nt nse Geckoapetlang contin on the ter eters aig of he Ich couine ad ins fw oer rote ‘eas Many rh a grting Ameri oer part of the wor Troma thei ld way wth hem. Otero common fo tins of alta eprsion, were embarassed by on stn id od 10 ide tht os ven so, ch of tir ele bas managed 1 ue Many ofthe Baopean counties we Anow tod wore constantly ‘wv oer the et 3.000 yar: Th borers ave ehaged ary {iy ad the people no Ie there hae the ad of may ret ‘alter min getherin hi win Te malo war hat we ty nd ‘he minor ons that we dnt know aot, ave lad thle tre lok back, we cam se tat thse ppl of the Beis he and ‘ethers Boop hve inte, comes end of i Ronan, Alo ‘7 rig, nd lee. Th sonal aldo of the Cis, en ‘mysterious past and never writen down, sl th ws ody, Part Il ‘The Ancient Celtic Festivals oe Cas marked thr yar nt by pita liu dates, uty seasonal changes. In ere to exlin the dvoas of thr year in ‘arden tess we fv repented the year debe to show ere the Cli tals al on our pret ay eae. We ave mo ‘ide that the Ctr eer wed ear clo rates. “+The word colar rote Lata ald, hich was he et ay ofthe oh when the and or deb ere tb pai inthe Roman wl + Today he Cis, eh, sin, and Hindu elena {co be man's dal phase changes sting ae up wth ‘thomdern solar eendr 29 fo each complete). “Ther New Years Daye not anu baton movable dayat te pinto the yea. + Tote nt, ater were eer anor waresmath abate, “Thecalendar tring was determine by vets asters: the ‘ih being brit nd he round beng wae enought plat. tbe sun being lhe rit pon. tbe op ing ead ohare ‘heat coming bck rom past the amb beg ore, the mon being nd soft, Whether we areawae ft etn ‘North america, weil boar aspects ofthe ase Cie centr. Grantor |Web nama irae bol et "tame 2. sh and cle aan opp cvgrkasePSnceNe Saag DAY omer mmmen gute atic women tend the PO ay rca bead Lief undgtesse tretend—atna “Eeeandsbep run om heh : “4 The hart isn, ran are roared foe oe etme sims dd gan Dee Scr prey othe corner th : "Reapsskul ured ee ‘though the Wel the Year ie ot rym ancien aie, i ‘an ba sel tol fr shown hw the Cts an ther eet ppl ‘ost ely viewed the year inline sho, The esa sas tthe aa pores of he year work very well nh wat me Current bow of Ciel There re terra calendars ha ‘near ith macho the same pe of information. ragnents of «bronze eld that Cate Bae Ben fund in Cogn, Fane While the calendar sot cal, combines the 6 et ef war appre akon ad then bard, peeps ma Inthe Ces reconingof tne. Thi ealendar led he Can ena (Ge pge 15, was ound in 1897 and sve to have ee Male ing the st canary, ven though the Cas rou neve re ota ound senda ora sail chat hy sing re we are ting prs wy of Understanding tine adele that ore He the wy the Cots tral ave ubdertnd the yar. We re ot ning apply ou unt ‘elke (ahs har eed to st the ned of ur ies), wheres ‘he Calis bo had a wten language, sd bua evets omar ‘he passage of time Ty sete st, mon, and stars wel 6 he ‘eater and changes Inthe land eound them 8 ators of when (eran tde were to be done and fete cacao. Your ‘hdertandng of tine il change and row ou ern all ney thing the natural change the wel around you "The Cake vied the ear it wo ar ark nd ih, winter nd sunmee (yu ten northern Burp, oo the ores prof North ‘Ameri, you kno tha hed moat al etwen November abe ‘May aod the lege oct al betwee My td Nowe 1) or the Celt, eveything bean ia drinem. Sp cach new sy began ‘ind snd the no Jat ge rnd on Samba (posed ‘owen, om the Ga, “mer nd), begining te ar a of ‘he year Ths hla sedated toy s Haven FA Hallows Bo sunset on Ober ul sunset on Novae The de hat ‘she the ed ofthe dk af the ear was Blane (pronounce tans, med afer Bal Calc sue god lara today he ening Ape 9 trough My. Theb days mad the change om | ON LI In late Octber the pletades cam be seen rising inthe ‘aster aly one hour afer sunt ‘he Palade, "sre str (asta clster of seven of more stars in he entation Tar 400 ht years sve ws ey mpet ‘many sncnt ctu ning he Cel Tay mold wate for clon nth yap ae ha at ay 0 mae Se. The Pde ‘escerrhghs pnt aroend midight on what we ll Oar 3 During the si woes etween our pees day Apa 35 t May 31 (porn), the Paes I hots a all the latitudes of ‘others Earp, Asse pot sth sek ps, he ostelation ‘ral beat lea pinta sy ry bow here ao ‘Octter seplacement he pint wool scr daring what me ‘wo hk fash st wok of Maa Sain he tds wa ‘its het pola nthe nit shat otane twas a sles. ‘We know ta some Ci tile rated Suan onthe ist fll ‘moon ater the Pies was at pal oes onthe new mon, Obes, ‘Sura for people to alte the ine for oebting a prea festival sgh diferent. An example of aie clan tte can see toy 6 the may astern and Westen Chri churches Caen the date or rating aster The Western Char alerts ster onthe fist Sandy ar the Gt fll mone afer he sng Soe na ‘This calendar followed the apicultural divisions of the yee forthe Calta. But since religion and nature ‘sacred and mystical celebrations a wll tie Important to kep In mind that the four agricultural ‘visions were celebrated around the dats of ‘October 31, February 1 May and August But the ‘tal date ofthe celebrations varied from year to [ear according to celestial variations, the weather, nd how busy people were. Alo the fetal would ast for several days Clans gathered tales reunited and many people traveled Tong distances To attend the festivities. When Christianity eame slong, it made sense to combine the old Cee “Totes event in thes ofthese al Ca wr the tae hat tk place om eck ey. These eta had elo a wel cil apd agit ares Ae ie was a combination ofl hee Aierent ements ems ony tng that the cbse wold Ineo Wah scl and spt ates. The alr at ahs in Talo, rand or emp bad peat horse rca The a was Bld In nor fT, the ter ober fhe Gd Light rey mee sera to her. The pope who gathered for hie pret rest fate Cela the Sot fhe nd nh he fi fhe et hares a ripe in gamer and conte Atenanor st he fas oa ‘mandated by th aw, lh so detnd se ods of ei. We ‘thro an bok oa, toarund a goa We have the oneal of oasis at {sla ho, mtloly, Irland wa send by diferent grows of Invaders el the st fh ay a of ods nd godess who ‘amet ila. There aoe texts that el there bend ‘he mimes of many plc There ae ant bak fe hatte ht was important to the Lh ally and ow lea poles wee ‘sone When we ed tae lrg erty wea om ‘he ancient rhe. Thee are many more book in ners are that have oo tee tasted yet No debt we eld ar all ss of ‘ns nraton fom the, one they ae ansted rom the ance sessons We can see how cach son wa maid ya ei ad hom ‘ch etal bd diferent situa meaning tao We an ao Seo the diferent scl aspects af the fetes. So, ou simp ‘Shsrationl cedar tl auch wore we tae Ger ek the Ter peope nn elebeted the fatale ‘Depening on how ar thor hw far orth yo i, sanie and st tines any We have chosen Tandon tine for dering day length ot the tie of the ancient Samba, Beane, Inbal, ond agian Fests Mader London tne soresende prety cel ‘Meow of dayigh the northern European Cals would awe had. tally cleanse them before the winter began Samhain—Around October 31 ‘others Raroean Crs ard he ed of he agra er and {he being fw yar Twat en whe he ig fete cs, tnlials were ought forth wt oF Suge ad the so Investing wan completa was alo ine for great eng, ‘merymating and fly gatherings especialy the yer had been 2 pedo, "Te Calin Calendar refered this tal ag he “The Night of ‘Summers End” There ws the sight ofthe od yar, the fs nto ‘hone yar andthe ight inte hat longed op ine, Saha fame att portant ae ia he ale yar 8 pete ade te ‘easton fom sumer twister. They oped o spend the wie {daor with sores of pit ed mets and fu abd wer ‘ata for thems, wth rae ad hay for hi ania ‘rs tie to dele wih animal woul be wed for ext ya's Treen ad to evaluat he el of th st of he nia: Ony lhe aia wold be Kept alive toh the winter. Is aton, the wares ed etd roo blew ee and women wee tpt ain This wasthe ine for prenrange marge toga nearest as To mark these inporaot wanton eu obseranes as wl as eal asm wre a ofthe alerts. Al house res wn be pat ou the rit om sacred bone tly Hy a id fa ilop? Cate wou eden betwen to Sr only ‘Sane them before he nner Trial sem mt oe re ‘nd relatos forte tbe sn pcs agente onthe actions fh Pst fear. Ia many aes thse woul Ince «watering a a wet ‘amber of sabres and ei any Benin he ld aries ‘The Ca, a ng stay of any rng he de oth mpotant possi re very aware af tops fhe deal ae thir ancestor Suman was «tine when he vl teen the wor tras thinnstbelgs cold os from the wo of the ing the rel f the ded nd ice era. The ale id not eh ded, ut ‘Sho rpet na haptaiyothe psf hi nest But oot al the bengs who cose bee the wal ee ded ntti wa ab ight when the faery rcs onl ene he Iman wd aod many of hem were misc makers People wold leave on saucers of ik nal stn ven bro whey fo he ‘ror in hope of bie alone. A pole ered ceca eon hth fy aces, hey wore at Saban ek the err to recognizing them. ay ops that wee still unre a his post he al harvester let Inthe Bel fr the fers, and Wes ‘conser ery ko et thse tines ary fer ain of ‘rekortrating ad Mich Night fave rots be cary Cac Beltane—Around May 1 The First Day of Summer < ‘Ahn tane mas ot he et Rly nthe Cai er, wo want tak aout nett end you ob the Cae year was died ato a hk ba igh al While Sambi mared the ening ofthe ‘hk al fhe yn, comes ently opp and at he alten cen be tise at “th ee of Bl” Bal sae tbe ‘oapeted withthe ol ae sung Bebs of Ga Tiss the tine o yar when winter a elses rp andthe ling os are ve. The ght othe year being Clan who have at seen cack oer ll tra go oh the ml od ny esther ool wise’ ‘he Plas dessa othe Jomest plat the sy, where twas 99 longer seman he sta of Btn The sod st pot ‘hy wa get ie etl land ad he gland of Scand on the ee of the fetal ll the homcl er wold be xine om Sami ered ote wat ton hilo ally yd ed {he bewe Soe wee al eid fm that Rene, bt ey went fo We Sumbalo an Bate were the hey trig pots af the Cie ar, ath etal was gen este or hase siaieance depending 0 tthe ity So some Cees ay hve see Sain (har mon portant feta woe Cals ated Beane {Seb clsatin of he ear nd all the span werk wg ns asin rl jodgmets a that tine, Aer, he fe son ploughing and plating the sco ound of erp: Early crops were uly Bod eae ia Inte Apel and Saini md tlt May, oar ut weds apd this the op. {gin Wale, and wouter Setnd, the maypoe danse war oe Smpetant a icane ober than te ial one. The dann. sss orga done ronda te that had al at tstop anh ato ‘he toe Is «at fmbal of the power of ntre and of naw he ‘peeping om the ground. The waving fons road the ple my Ive sled ow dah abonene in winter and lente summer And the Gnshed ple covered wih irvine eames, ‘elated the power ofthe eth. Tony, the mayate has Bene 8 ‘nonin ole plated in th round say in he enter ef lg oF ‘opm, Bos dos, weil on tl ales nd waving seas, fred thie dae sere aay the spits of winter. Mori Ahioer and mummers pls are fl of aint ferty mice Is ‘Gralla, ase dann snd mayping el ey cha at ‘he annual Bata fis Imbole—Around February 1 The First Day of Spring To understand why we look st Uo net, tr Bak 1 the cl on age 1S. Note how tnbole comes Daley between Sama and ‘Balan, xe halla trough the dase be ya. ty aur caret reckoning on February te hala pit of he da ‘nfo the yea. Inthe Sots Highlands, he elbraton mas, and {5 hid on February 19. bole means word” and Oe means "cel in od Ga, Tw thie tht the eve ge it ‘hearealofe ambs wa the xing event ela his etal (Gis tll ine fection on far whether hep) Thi ‘thing scron maaan cote th deed sea of iter th an ghrin the by andthe days rr tial loge. Remember ht fortes thar ita he dite Sep havea been ery important in Cand, viding beth ‘ood and clothing The inh of lambs marcas ret song, ‘Lughnasa—Around August 1 The ‘Beginning of the Harvest annem women ‘aghast oppose Inland aay betwen Bane a ‘Sf It mars the balay pin the igh side othe et. ‘This was a elation of the Begining of the hares, and a celebrating am ch sun god Ashe sun a ston he Summer, ian appropriate tine to edb feng oe ihn wa ine fret joy he st have hal oe bt {a One ofthe old rsh mythos ht the ening of ‘he Rares sein, the ister od gh, win cota ef the itso the ot fom the ear gins and turns them over to the buman ‘community He socatd ith ting ad with he sos tht cl thea ae he wort of he srs het. The name Laon an ‘Angi Soon weed forth se fata Seer es i Bins Norther Boop ae named fer ag London, End nd yon, “Tothe arty Anglo Seton, hie sonal ei wa led Mla or Lost” sti was when gains of bre, wheat nde wee areas spe of tarps, cart onions and pap leas, WIM ts ike ops nd bees) and ats were alten ses, phos marked when the fl hares washes. Shepherd sre to being eat, see, and tata foe higher pases, whe te eparig counting eiing dying and ring fol forthe wie eval gan, Berens eval the lags wat calle oto bee thtke have Atough ey mere grog sorter, he aun cul tl {ototin tain nl others rope In ancient telan, a got elation was Bld i honor of Lag fore ote, and atendanct wa queda, “odin parts of Bea, there are stl Bat fsa ge ain hen the mor par ofthe Barve ein There ae many ‘ores abot a newsomer who defeats enpopuar rina contest of ftrengh o sil oll ding «harvest festa. The Brish ret {esis dado games that yrleled thse tres They bel ents hove acer weld be cowed rd fre loving es, ny tobe calenged by anther “poner” tthe net ears are etal: Many of ths tes ae bt alvin mummers: ply, wich resi erred toy ‘In Scotland Highland Games are sil eld in mito Equinoxes and Solstices Athongh the Cate nce ceany sare ofthe sti these Tango day of th yer) andthe eqns when ay an ight re of ‘cpl length inf and sping), and probly usd tem 1 rekon ‘eat sas we know they di attach mar edebraosto te. Mot ofthe celebrations we se for the guna ome pinay fom “hathood boot bth slice and one elaine ote Cbs, ‘sth liter iver by Germanic testo Bisin hl oie estoms Bren tough the erty Cals dn py much testo tthe nae, vty evry ele cal i he werd elated hee ‘lye A the Cale Unde wa he ret f he wor hey arly mee ‘The sles marked ky tuning pnts Io the yer. The winter solstie=the Sot, darkest dy ofthe yer—nevertes marks Ue ‘cor of ih ovr darks bldg tbe promise of are go cone, 1 thedys begin ogo anger om tht ao ei, he sume ole the longa a ofthe ear ar ta try of ark ove pha be ap gia oro shorter oma yon Fel ald ‘mark hse day meme be sori nthe ond moe ‘herealm ofthe sated and mogial Sone ats thought te wie Solstice mas more Imporant than the summer sls, and wes ‘hough jt the oponte, Bu, Drouphoat the wor the mye ing acting ofthe ron and thao ngheing nd sores othe ‘dyetarbeen eld in awe ee sce and mapa ‘The solsties wae td by observing the ring ad sein of the sun ‘When thes tose sen te sae place lo seer ss sng seting) ait seemed tostand tl, Many ofthe reat stone dein Gra rita nd waters France aligned othe sete, thatthe sn oan sts ver prc {round the wold (Cnjon de Chally and Chaco Canyon inthe United ‘Sates fr amps tht ae koe ligne. At x parla moment, (Gor eampl, pon onthe summer oie), the sun wil fom epatern fap pce on he wal Thee pes end wo be marked wth ‘Scred dingy or ayo A the ste elated the er of He Sonmniy” the pret, protusey or shamane~ ho amounted ‘hom and wore teen resin slice eremonie = = ‘Constructed around 2200 BC the massive mound of beneath. At sunrine (8:8 4) onthe winter solace ‘sha flight beams deeply through a eareflly ‘designed openinginto the inner chamber, ‘momentarily iuminating the darkness within. To Snciet peoples, ne anual reassurance Ut ight Important enough to erect uch huge momement, "And there ae others throughout the wold posers ene {atin seus means “equal” and nox means “nigh” ‘So equinox means when ght sequal to das." The ‘word goatee comes from Latin ton tn Latin so, ‘an aun and tere means to and.” 50 ‘The Winter Solstice—December 20-22 (varies astronomically every year) ‘AL the wot tig, the Cas made inal reparations the ing retry ofthe natock tat wee not bing wed fo refing rnd at be neal in the pig, wer sgh fr fo. The Cok wal at the mest to last trgh the winter. res meat wat only ‘els inthe Intel and arty wintrtin, a wre fh fie ae ‘etal ht woud ot ast In storage. Te sting woud the winter ‘otic clad the Bout fhe hd atte ed to xcs Ashe reskin afer (cops ere sendy vest he ro ws rae, an animals had bon sated) thre ma leaf ine for Tenth elaine ‘The Roman fest of wold eel was calla Sata, wh ts eating king a wt cations This was the most ptt layin pre-Critan Re It cme ut ears he winter se sd flowed bythe New Year. (AL ner pot the New Yar was ‘Githaed tthe ine afte spring ace) In ter medial tine, th elite ofthe winter ote wy featured "Lod of Mlle who tured the sundad scl ont ‘side ov. Te leh were ated as poo servant ad he poor wuld tetera ar eh en wl rent at women ad women drs et, Inside he rst mes fh ling re they wool een the er ft and dik Ti the origin of wsaling and of x pee ‘dion fearing People it sce ee, Mnle om bonfe e sce y the silage i thoes ee aay er spit. Nose ears, the ‘here er ile» Yello ad wer hare indore ‘Yue cms fom the Anglo Son word ea meaning oe” of ‘heya AL Tut ths sca a slowest pola inthe ky, Det nly bly For th ration of Yle we Bad rei, ne grew ‘Sd the unl of gti the darks This was elation fe ‘ete th dk sno In heres tine fhe yen ope Talaneand maintain pe, pone alerted then. DMstete which rows on ose ue ard tthe Cas, «sb tra ie Cat by dn itl eremony, great bunches of Into mere bung in dora a Beta Gi Freee at the wate Sottze to emsare good fune for ther homes. There are ol epeen clio of the jt sole, Yule, Satara and Gras When Christy bean spread mac sense forth ny ‘Christians place Chess ich athe sae tine ws the sole, king the bith of G's sn withthe antl bth fhe etl ui bel strong ppl for bh Chistian and gon-Chrsans in he eon ‘meaphorf the bith of Last ‘The Spring Equinox—March 20-22 (varies astronomically every year) ‘ram Ime to Btane, we ave the seton of sprog. Aer te fn. Aa winter, people al oer the wor love to selbst spring, Pom ‘elt’ Dey and ard rast epeing elon East, ad May Dey elbains, many of our moder elebratns bee ros in le ‘edn As winter sony fred to summer, pole a ann tines sere concerned abt the years hares The eyo the land ad of {he popein thi fami avery important. Many of hse lations ‘te fo acini nse iti yar, ath nthe and ‘hehe, ‘Te Cals wald plant thee cops hy iMac. tn te March ad coe Api the got teense ray forthe migrant appr ‘acre Inne Api hey wold hoe the cope oie them he ert ‘roing condone and in mid to te May they wed thin then 50 ‘het man eros eu grow bg and stooge (Oe Febru 5, the Romans elated the Fest of Fert Jano, ‘aber of the gd, was castor at hs time fe men and woe fines of pape tht oye ald Minty chose Te Cais Cch {rt change tes caso by dsarig the dy Sait Valet Day (ouppse Sait Yalecine was mare am Feira 4 nA 27 ater thn picking ls ames, boy were encouraged ra he ‘ames of sins to be stn! sod rated tat dy. Ti He, ‘Sei i ae echo Among parent in miele he ifr apo Let wt time ofmatcmaking Weddings west flow Haste, This seems 0 bepartot elon dion which predates th Christan bol das Mass were wor in seing eatin ohn ay he winter dons and ais we hiding the eny of the wearer. Peo Through the srs seeming and yeingSmimers paras ae ‘arias ate mder descendants tation. Marl Gras, a et ary tht happens ia Now Ovens apd much f Latin Arcs ey Year fst lore Lent, comes dry fom this Bropean don of (hrc Tene pas wee lo ener ade for teen wines v Plowing the land to pepre rte growth ofthe rope wa pred to have mapa powers n fy ies. Traitons In many aterm open cout suggest tht an unmartid waman eho draws the Bow ree sts awl be marie Sonn and have bly hen ain was eral to the scons ofthe erp 30 mater bd a spel Another fey ste wa the “al of i" Beane wre ake 2 ong bh nd amone touche by them would be Bese wth ood ‘ath ad fry. Tis ato eared oo ode in any European carla, where oung women ae tape wth the deca bares the pay willow Tis sows the anlent ot oe palin end eating the eval ago at» wedi (ing ol by the rodoflfe) and bing the net to mary. a o ‘he Bter Bune, Wo, bs it ots ann dons. The rabits ety egenary sd a the gs ours mew i, ape to ace tea endo merged into our prnent one where he Easter Bunny dvr ply decree a apy nee ate rng. an (nthe Cathal Char) bat they were the ai etre of th "str meal The ne Baster comes rm the ates of the esses, ihar (Bayona), Aatate (Phonan), Hoste (Sto). abd Bos (oman, pcs had todo wh peng nd dae In healt Raman elena, where there wer ony en ont, ater nth ring eso ons marked the began of new ‘The Summer Solstice—June 20-22 (varies astronomically every year) ‘Thwart tine of sep bearing nthe baretngof wo Thi wa ‘et ring ad make ay el esa fd he animals ring ‘on rong months In ter suri the wnt the Cals developed Storage apabies rlarge amounts a fod ded torge pl), bth (er theme and forthe Ie addion to atlead shy the Clerks incest, igs (Gometic and wl, andres. The rss hele make the Ca ‘err astound ore poly ot sed a faring ba; xen ‘ould vee ued ined Many of he gest mega stane ce, sch 8 Staochenge, ae cent enn a these slic. Athen hoot ‘Bure and indo trvghnat the Northen Hemiapore thi ages ‘hat he summer mice wry portant tela ng be flere the slice nwa ht were etal thor owe, Tae [demotion of helo or euinrin the mys and lependa rin ‘he wrtng weave ante toy. ‘Thesunme solstice was etl ofthe cath ole be sun was igh in the shy and th eater mas war, as importa to main ‘ped xyes caso in ak ine he tne sce ‘elation tht had anes owas epi ote die of the sun, and though ms tine of abundance, there was need tobe taro terse. An nent prove ftom Comal, Engn, Sy ha, port doe wat” which meas “In ser,remembet Midsummer Day was als a dy to ater bars to car feer ae ‘conibit ases Here such as vr, chine, ad 8 JhDs wor retell atti tine, “+ had at a these ice yas hugh tea ne ‘+ tndezmak and Naray, res were burned ais dee em cat, “awed in est would cy rcs rund ther sto land prot then, ‘The dhinglght ofthe an ant at ofthe Summer King, who woul fight the Wier King ens. The rly would onvinu thoaghou the yar. Oe ‘he summer sate Hes ape foreten, merged In the Crstan oat uo Joba the Bape and The Asap ‘The Autumn Equinox—September 20- 22 (varies astronomically every year) Much ofthe work of preparing fr he winter moat as done soa ‘he fa equina (September 2). One the grins (uiny wheat ad tee, hohe cy andl ere lo rome) ad ay deen rah i fom the el othe setement, ey mou Be prepare for ree, The gains would be separtod. nto extremes, Immelte consumpton,seds for ert yer, nd hops fo De. The tins tht were tobe soe wold be prepared ad plac Inge erage pita tobe eed ine ter fo ed pets see Tr. Ber,» ink ting Hack uy centre, was ac oe by he Romans who mee kno rte wie, They ed Reman wie tthe (iter Caicber "Theva verted ont in let ca Uh renin gin do mana th sl forthe coming yes rope. The a etn rere monly gt pigs hee and oes ‘Another ie ensuing al ati mas ang the fet ih in uh continental Europe and Btn ere once lage and exes). People aed inber in peat gute 19 bid the rod o ong oan wich the aed. The fencing rand age wal thre und tres A modest hows (of which thre were many 8 ‘las wud ele ne hued ees barge oad house wold te two hades Tathig fra roto large rod Nose ‘sid ite cy ot ef ting ee. A et el oie fing oma this tine of year, and withthe Laghmaaeleaions ur sd es oie wy te Cs dd hl ig seat the Satumn eqn Part IIT Modern Ways to Celebrate the Ancient Festivals ‘The fetaleut deseo came ot of radon eg nga 89 Tuc a 2.700 years ag! As peoples moved to ern a ad ‘ook difertg rlgons and easioms tse festival ange ad ve Balhae stil ected a then ines of eye + Samhain boame the Christan eration lS and A ‘Soule Day. Al Sunt’ ay wale now a Al alo! Day (alii Od gor lied pron) These celebrations ten tre sta with A Hin Eve (aowee) erated on Oca) A Saint Daylebrated ‘on November and Al Sou’ ay on Nove 2 + tmolebecame th Crstin Candles and the fend of ‘round Dy ston Fabre 2 4 betane became apnea ingest May ay an ay Day, + Laghnae eames countryside lation of the ret eth Soin Job's Day on Angas, tn sonia Ameri, the Putas banned thee fia Besse of ‘the Ol World Cate don ep orp ack it the ce ‘ly what has been done tdnally an wt pat of cr oder ‘attr We wl tak abou he modern eration nthe same der ‘hate ed about ual, Blane ti, od Lasso end foul ofthe Cae og ao ef hat ws import to the Cl, ‘edition othe erin dark a igh tera sumer ie pase st Halloween (Samhain—October 31) ‘apt ofthe mar important fatal ofthe Cac Yor, Sambi, Samet afr A040, A Hallow’ wa pent hash paving forthe sus ofthe dead, November 1 and Novenber 2 wee Spl ishing the raver of the dead. In Spanishpeaking curs in North ‘eral and South Aer, Di dee Muerte The Diya the Ded) ‘certo on November 2 5h whl ier pending he itn emcee to ont the sos of tei abso. In Ray the Roman fetal of Pomon, the godess of iris, mas dried. toa November 1, with sinlar eves In cxtoms to the ebeaon of Stain bythe aighbors tothe orth 6 Vw MS nthe sith entry, Pope Gregory V placed Al Sint Day ae Seltbrons on Oober gt thi wee ot church relied mee ‘oda Bit in ales in ela, Sean, Wales, and prs of ‘gan, fk cuts coined wl ino the wether. 1 toe etna at aes that we ero te lloing page Oa ste of tortreating and Michie gt pranks come fo lk Ae ‘Witcher did not exnt in the eay Celtic cles. The ‘word witch comes from an old Anglo-Saxon word, “Wicea," meaning wizard nearly eutares wird, sorcerers druid, shamans, and witches were wise ‘nvioors of corarmniy whe understoed the ythms and motores of ifein the world of mature "Witcher were attociaed with Halloween by the Medieval Church as they celebrated the Cte Year's ind festival of amhaln. Witches could be oun, ‘ld, prety wl. Often they helped the sek and “elvered babies Bonfire were it on hiltpsto ward off ev prits ‘ut stealing milk, destroying the eros, and harming Tivestork Pranksters and mischief makers roamed ‘untrysidesdresed in costumes playing teks on ‘neighors lame was placed on "sprit abroad “riekstor—the countryside prankster Similar ‘costumes are ail worn at Mardi Gres in America ‘dat Carnevalin Europe. sroups of peasants going from house to house asking for money and food in the name of Muck (ta, an sh god, end later, the name of Sant Columba, a setvcentury priest @ — Halloween—Samhain Activities + cate sunrise and sae times for your are ‘Compare with Btane nes. gh + Light an orang cane Bh tout. Tink oa the fee etingihed od ret ortho ge to Noor the arsed alight one her ner a2 sg hal the New Yearkarbegan utp coset atin tie, dink ‘ommon in Masia are Find he fe ted ta, ‘ancient ml ofthe Gods and protection. Gather 9 table dy of falls nd sg: cred e + Lae sar of milk oto the fre ok or pts ‘Svea please them SS — May Day (Beltane—May 1) In maay commanties,orple ae Bringing bck the ans of the (ei ut eres bere he sutome were the lat 0 Tee You ‘nigh wa investiga’ Daya, pres, papi ch hs ‘ping Rev) raypole dancing apd mors dancing Ino beat Yur Joel communi. In Biaeesd, Psion, and Helston, Ene, Bay ‘Dayal nd pagent are oil hl in tetova sets ey Je Darn the ancien ial ete wo eden ete 9 fst un an poet them from dn Bfore thy wa toa 10 stare I many wigs of Clie anes, ths pusxton prc i ib {co and weddings woul be bd at Bane Coles wool esp over tho cred et ese fry in hel marin, Td, ate Sing, marge ae sil opal epi inde, -Afuir maid who, the frst of May Goos othe cs break of day And washed in dew neath he ‘~Hraditional rhyme 1 May Day celebrations, washing your fae nthe ety ering ew ‘si have mage eonmguenc. The Sr manson By 8 woman ‘to Ba ut aed er fae the dw wo be er over se band. ‘Tecrowning ofthe May Queen a derive fo i Cae aan She would erect the Power Maiden or te young saps the ‘howe of ates ofthe Vin Mary on May Dy Ted wea hae fetal to con the “Quen of te May” and Mothers Day and May Day ples el + Find s small toe or sb and desate is ney Tenting rene thelr bone a sie of th “Titra sl nd a Corl and ean a regu or alg abd renee by speing eee Pian rng oar tgp ctor an sit in a ‘quence Be realy let for 9-5 mints. Then we: hres Sounds, tree colon, thee tags of eo tte lato or fing Bd The Cel wee known ‘ha aby shape sath oa on tor ‘ofthe aie around tht, Sr ae sme ate op hse the ae yon ‘many communities, people are ringing bck {ead ofthe Cli pat Invites oy Day Fai, mpl, mor of os ancig & ee {eso of Tomas The Raymer Groundhog Day (Imbole—February 2) In artern New Hagan, lamb re brn in February 0 thy wl readyto goo pasture with tbe ad hep sare In Europ, county pope ed of he ering winter would zo ot looking for sgn fing For sme uno reasen someone ted mt the agree thee sow wold teri Celebrations om February an baer ould ot be found. Avery Sepp and prmpyaroandhog was earn a he Ameria mbt ‘The pound toe il wonders Why al the ison Pry 2? Ary ones reudog ss deep beatin eo wo ean for enter vo month! a this se, myth abd natured bedi you 9 ecko some the myth AEE wg oz. ‘There an ol sng fom the Highlands of Stand tht tls about pouring the ground with = tik to bring fh the emake (no does fet pound) around the tine of mole. The bar ofthe snake ‘hott to determine the resnng prod of rst. The sake hs. acworth appara ofthe ake rom ndergroind, bingng omens of wah andreas rd the ground on Croutdbog De, beng the true of ancy pingand roving vases? & ‘osee ahedgehogon this day sw herald of good planting weather” Old es saying tm he Roman Catole Church, tne has baome Cadena, the hy that ano are sed ore coming yar in Mary's bot Ao Stich rye atoat Cardenas terse with our Grourdiog Day tly ta sy day ll mens ie mre wack of winter, we ‘ody day pores unex spring. (you count x wks fom ‘ebay 2 you acl come othe sing eno on anh 20, 2h Candlemas be far and bright Come winter have another ight fCandlemastrings clouds and ain ‘Gowinter and come not agai, Sn rips Dayan Candlomas a eae w be lb road ‘he same tite and cme rom tw diferent steams of elne Rei fone ofthe ues of a ancient Calle gees and Saat Beis (Csi ite try bows any prs om he er pe ‘ommen. She emembeed dey at Sit Brigid of ire. The ane fo Sune gd kt fire burning cots fom a tne he ‘500s whe Henry VI dso most of the bes ean tn the ‘Soh Chitan crc church ender decide that thay shld ao ‘nmemort the ay when Mars parents ook her tthe empl fo urifetion Cac ttn ole ta Saint Brg west with er, and {heevets celebrate ythe fest of Cadena ‘A Chitty spread houphoat Europe, aborbed many le cose and paced them ih ion Thre ple me hee ‘ere ty snare erwesn Cita an the al ee els. The ner ase af force against the Cots was more oat the ‘lel espe of Christan han abot diferent ble Groundhog Day—Imbole Activities ‘At Candlemas, Saint Brigid rots rail placed on doors for protection today. ‘compare with Sunt, Ns loge digit ee + Pour a sal cu of miko cam on the ound in nor fine and to thank te eth or feng hog twit ea i + ct bres of psy low: forth o ape Pla wate and wate ham om fers ad aes ons mney dy, and cto facing he (dame our jes). Open youre nd lk to sc where ad ‘ow og yur sido, Yu ean deter he tine of hy ad hein of ea ty. i a CRT nowt i ba of newness a 4 ‘eanermation from aie the it of ming Harvest Festivals (Lughnasa—August y ‘Many terete nthe Northen Hemlsphiehald Sun fsa ttl cay tare etal to honor the now wang en andthe fall production of te hares sear In Stn Highland Games ae dn mid to Ite summer. Varue North Cnt ad Sth ‘Ameria eer bate anna! crm fas, mun fel hae fet, and thee scl gators tin pope tte Before he ‘old ofthe nent son sal "The Cae cures fain ave ined hie geura tal ‘nt argo one Laat Mam, when the aves conning gra fon ‘he fint hare ar browghtnt chrcher and lee. or famers and count, his was ofen the Bast tine of the yar eying ws ll sig Garden cops uch ab Deas ins, etc, ad trips were being ced. We rit and Were were tothe Woodind anime and lake ocan fk were ante ‘hroagoa he mer Often the work became comma, binging fares tote to hares he gras, eos biking, ae rep tre walls Piensa fas evolve into scout as ‘avon ern, daring caty Ang tere once was pul bay ale ses Wek where at msn toa pole ha yj ‘op with th harvesting, Today tisha reed te Rank HOB Monday atthe ead gst -Abdon nt cogs’ toy ay mao fos, Lahn case eae nein he rong son Gond rps ment sua: Lea (copemeats ough winter coming ater, fer cor wa nro to Druin from the New Wo, ‘wai htt fom the st sts ote ester, dali shoul bs ‘mad, These would be pla ove the Dearth nish homes al winter Come spring theses woul be shaken out nd aed the ne year ‘Harvest Festival-Lughnasa Activities pentng (Com dle and woes ernment ae il mde in Sweden ‘eday) + Locate suite and eect times and compare them ih Shain aa lat Sa sia In Now ged ty, fares aval lke ermore than tet orm cae the Cat contri fom the Now Worl 2 teamoone baking ower ‘Sttexspoon st veeupseormneal stabespooer meted bate ort Take a wars sumer sph wall pea aay Prcbestoveno 4°. Grease 26°" lof pan a 9°x9" bain pan oF arr, sruoppers ds, animale tg ‘fi nage Bow i thy ingen ogee tenn ewes? he we Sito combine Bak fora inate or antl len ron Singing insect of summer image youre ig.50 ers ag. Cul you ear toot of the tame sounds os be othe ate ta Outer garden an widowers to make Lahn Serath, Make the cdo backing firm. by ang erst, ld grape a wo. (Doo we psn fn Ad cro pices sig the fou Cai eal, The Wheel ‘herve event ke theo of the esas Thal ea ‘eakndarof so. To wos can ako fenton sr map. For exp ‘wean place north on the tp ofthe dee, Ie compas. Es fas (he it, south bbw, abd west ob the Mt This tape ca be ‘panda to Bese s single ebsrvatonal map ofthe enti we Saitene simpy ty apunding thee or wheel ito = Tee ‘imesonal sper. ith our in the ene, bone ou are al he things yon seein tho hy. Below you is whats ude Jy and he rection areal atoued you combining recta of the and ith he esas ofthe eer on our whe, we exp the whe ater way. For example i orthrn Ere the oth wa ald andthe wou ot So, we ut wine a the poh snd tummer inthe wth Tells aight ‘We cul contin to ad ore ad mere t thi wh. Your whee can contin mary erent eft Ifyou wee to wake « Ue ‘craton end, you might inde ens hee hes you Gite thse estan ar 1+ Tetitsnwhlof he season you see yout na pace were ours very prt you might Hs heft our you spot ang adhe at orto eae Ts weld ‘os dn end ot ous oa peed yar, the what works vel a+ map of ny perio ine The bors fhe yon oar ks te vuriaton onsen. = * yA 9 D> eee Poctry, song dance, and marie ar leo ways of penal ‘connecting with the een of the season oth ‘anclent and modern, Theft watery ‘ofall ge my preparations. The trning yar hes! teaches neh tera eo off “and am thank for this year and tha. tae Wer ee Part lv How Natural Science Explains Ancient Traditions ‘The ancent popes sid hangs inthe sun, oem and stars ae imidd the grovig sear, thei, the edkbratos, th ates tnd the polis secondo these evenly sas. Atoagh te Cots hd pt ell hemsees sit they el rey upon eborvation of ‘The Moon Cycle Many cee: ceed fens at veing monte. The Ca

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